Exploring the role of traditional medicinal plants in cancer therapy: present efficacy and future directions

Introduction

Despite the advancements in modern medicine, phytotherapy remains popular due to their cultural significance, effectiveness, and lower costs. This review focuses on the potential of medicinal plants and plant metabolites in treating cancer, examining their mechanisms of action and therapeutic uses. Key findings reveal that phytochemicals such as quercetin, curcumin, and sanguinarine exhibit anticancer properties by targeting signalling pathways like JAK/STAT, ERK/MAPK, and p53, as well as inducing apoptosis and inhibiting metastasis. Furthermore, emerging evidence underscores their potential to enhance the efficacy of conventional treatments and reduce associated side effects.

Methodology

A detailed search on Scopus, PubMed, Medline, PubChem, Google Scholar, and Academic Search Premier was conducted for this review, using a strategy with keywords such as traditional plants, herbal medicine, and herbs in varying combinations

Conclusion

Phytotherapy in cancer treatment shows promise by enhancing therapy effectiveness and reducing side effects. Integrating traditional medicinal plants into modern care could offer personalized, safer treatment options. This review stands out by not only classifying the anticancer properties of phytochemicals but also by delving into their molecular mechanisms, and the challenges of standardization and regulatory oversight. By addressing these gaps, it provides a comprehensive framework for advancing phytotherapy in cancer treatment.