{"title":"Effects of diffusion on the tumour regression in exposure to the non-ionizing electromagnetic waves","authors":"Fatemeh Ansarizadeh , Tonghua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.padiff.2026.101342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.padiff.2026.101342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the evolution of various cell types in a tumor-bearing host exposed to specific electromagnetic waves. The proposed system models these interactions by incorporating immune and tumor cells, as well as two primary types of cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which serve as effector cells. The stability and qualitative behavior of the system are analyzed under two different parameter settings. A diffusion process is assumed for all participating cells, and stability conditions are examined in further detail through bifurcation analysis. Additionally, the effects of varying diffusion coefficients are considered in detail, revealing that the diffusivity among tumor cells exerts the most significant influence on tumor cell regression compared to other diffusion coefficients. Finally, sensitivity analysis is employed to identify the key biological parameters that play a crucial role in the dynamics of the system. The results align with biological interpretations, thereby further validating the model’s relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34531,"journal":{"name":"Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Towhiduzzaman , Md. Abdul Al Mohit , A.Z.M. Asaduzzaman
{"title":"Modeling lump and soliton wave interactions in the (3 + 1)D Fornberg-Whitham equation using a physics-informed neural network framework","authors":"Md. Towhiduzzaman , Md. Abdul Al Mohit , A.Z.M. Asaduzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.padiff.2025.101330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.padiff.2025.101330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an in-depth analytical and computational study of the (3 + 1)-dimensional Fornberg-Whitham (FW) equation, a highly nonlinear partial differential equation modeling complex wave interactions in multidimensional dispersive media. Employing Hirota’s bilinear method, we derive explicit lump and multi-soliton solutions, elucidating their dynamic interaction patterns and stability properties. To complement these findings, we develop a robust physics-informed neural network (PINN) framework to numerically solve the FW equation, capturing challenging rogue and breather wave phenomena with high accuracy. Comprehensive numerical experiments validate the PINN model against analytical benchmarks, demonstrating its capability to handle high-dimensional nonlinearities and mixed derivatives. These results provide critical insights into multidimensional wave dynamics and establish a hybrid approach that effectively blends classical soliton theory with modern machine learning, paving the way for future research in nonlinear wave propagation, fluid dynamics, and applied physics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34531,"journal":{"name":"Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145792019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comment on the paper “Sk Enamul, Seetalsmita Samal, Surender Ontela, Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics 13 (2025) 101,073”","authors":"Asterios Pantokratoras","doi":"10.1016/j.padiff.2026.101353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.padiff.2026.101353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Four serious errors exist in the above paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34531,"journal":{"name":"Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kamal Shah , Thabet Abdeljawad , Nabil Mlaiki , Hussam Alrabaiah
{"title":"Spectral numerical method for fractional order partial differential equations using Katugampola derivative","authors":"Kamal Shah , Thabet Abdeljawad , Nabil Mlaiki , Hussam Alrabaiah","doi":"10.1016/j.padiff.2026.101338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.padiff.2026.101338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we investigate the Telegraph fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs) with Katugampola derivative. The said derivative is a generalized form of traditional fractional order derivative. Since, for every FPDEs to find exact solution is very difficult task, therefore researchers have introduced various numerical techniques. Spectral methods based on polynomials have also considered in the last few decades very well to compute the numerical solutions for large numbers of problems of fractional order. We use shifted Jacobi polynomials to compute some numerical results for the considered class of FPDEs using Katugampola type differentiation. The adopted method is a powerful tool as needs no discretization or collocation of data. Some operational matrices are constructed on using the said polynomials to convert the considered problem to some algebraic equations. Then on using the Matlab, we present the results graphically using various fractional orders values. Some numerical examples are given to demonstrate our results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34531,"journal":{"name":"Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fractional mathematical modeling on monkeypox using the Laplace-Adomian decomposition method","authors":"Sharmin Sultana Shanta , M. Ali Akbar","doi":"10.1016/j.padiff.2025.101326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.padiff.2025.101326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The monkeypox virus has become a major global health concern due to its rapid spread. Medical intervention and isolation are essential to control the outbreak until an effective treatment is discovered. In this article, we develop a fractional SEIQR model to study the transmission dynamic of the monkeypox virus by including key epidemiological factors and memory effects. The nonlinear model describing the spread of viruses is investigated using the fractional Laplace-Adomian decomposition method (LADM), a powerful analytical technique to address complex infectious disease models. The results are strictly validated by comparing them with those derived from the fractional fourth-order Runge-Kutta (RK4) method. The results demonstrate strong agreement for <span><math><mrow><mi>ζ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.99</mn></mrow></math></span>, which confirms the reliability of the fractional framework. The error analysis shows that adding more LADM terms increases the accuracy. Positivity and sensitivity analyses confirm the model is biologically valid and show that early detection, isolation, quarantine, and reduced contact strongly affect infection levels. The phase portraits and contour plots provide insight into system behavior and threshold conditions. The study highlights the effectiveness of fractional LADM in describing nonlocal and memory-driven dynamics that cannot be represented in classical models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34531,"journal":{"name":"Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Invariance and solitons analyses of wave equations with fourth order dispersion","authors":"Ali Raza , F.M. Mahomed , F.D. Zaman , A.H. Kara","doi":"10.1016/j.padiff.2025.101327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.padiff.2025.101327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the non-linear wave equation for arbitrary function with fourth order dispersion. A special case that is analysed exclusively is the model of nerve membranes; we consider this model, both, in the presence and absence of the fourth order dispersion. The equivalence transformations, Lie symmetries and a complete classification is presented. We also discuss the one dimensional optimal system in each case obtained via classification. The reduction of the partial differential equations (PDEs) is carried out and the forms of invariant solutions are presented. The study also include the construction of conservation laws using the direct method. The invariant solutions and some special type of solutions including solitons are presented with their graphical illustrations. we derive homoclinic breather solutions (HBs) and M-shaped rational solutions (MSRs). Their dynamic is shown in figures by selecting appropriate values of parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34531,"journal":{"name":"Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mostafa Mohamed Okasha , Munawar Abbas , Adnan Burhan Rajab , Dilsora Abduvalieva , Wei Sin Koh , Ilyas Khan , Humaira Kanwal , Ansar Abbas
{"title":"Characteristics of stephan blowing and thermal radiation on williamson nanofluid with thermal non-equilibrium effect using bayesian-regularization optimizer-deep neural network","authors":"Mostafa Mohamed Okasha , Munawar Abbas , Adnan Burhan Rajab , Dilsora Abduvalieva , Wei Sin Koh , Ilyas Khan , Humaira Kanwal , Ansar Abbas","doi":"10.1016/j.padiff.2026.101337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.padiff.2026.101337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this examination is to assess the effect of Stephan blowing and thermal radiation on chemical reactive flow of Williamson nanofluid flow across a sheet with Marangoni convection. Rapid advancements in technology have led to tremendous growth in the domains of machine learning and artificial intelligence. In order to solve the mathematical formulation including heat sources and chemical reactive flow using the Bayesian-Regularization approach, this study creates a machine learning model based on ANN (artificial neural networks). With error estimates of 2.51 × 10⁻¹², 1.51 × 10⁻¹², and 7.41 × 10⁻¹³ across all three scenarios, the model achieves remarkable test performance by utilizing the BRO-DNN (Bayesian-Regularization Optimizer-Deep Neural Network), exhibiting great accuracy and dependability. Numerous industrial and technical domains where heat and mass movement are important have substantial uses for the suggested paradigm. Williamson nanofluid dynamics' incorporation of Stefan blowing and thermal radiation effects is very helpful for improving heating and cooling systems, such as those used in sophisticated industrial processes, thermal energy storage, and electronic device cooling. In applications involving porous media and composite materials, the thermal non-equilibrium approach improves forecast accuracy. The precision of numerical solutions is also increased by combining the Bayesian-Regularization Optimizer with a Deep Neural Network, which makes it advantageous for machine learning-based predictive modelling in biomedical applications, aerospace thermal management, and renewable energy systems like solar collectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34531,"journal":{"name":"Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laurent Tchoualag , Lionel Ouya Ndjansi , Jean Daniel Mukam , Antoine Tambue
{"title":"Boundary element method for Laplace equation in a ring domain","authors":"Laurent Tchoualag , Lionel Ouya Ndjansi , Jean Daniel Mukam , Antoine Tambue","doi":"10.1016/j.padiff.2025.101334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.padiff.2025.101334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we present a rapid procedure for approximating the solution to the Laplace equation in a ring domain. We develop a new formulation of boundary integral operators and implement an efficient solution approach using the Galerkin boundary element method for Dirichlet and mixed boundary value problems. The corresponding matrix entries are computed efficiently and accurately, and the resulting circulant block structure allows the matrices of the discrete boundary integral operators to be expressed as a product of sparse matrices. Therefore the fast Fourier transform (FFT) has significantly accelerated matrix-to-vector product. Moreover, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) enables the construction of efficient preconditioners for conjugate gradient algorithms, and provides a robust direct approach for solving the Dirichlet problem. Numerical experiments for both Dirichlet and mixed problems demonstrate the exceptional efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34531,"journal":{"name":"Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 101334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}