Composites Part C Open Access最新文献

{"title":"4D printing of bio-composite tailored for NIR-light responsivity using liquid crystal display technique and its recovery modeling using central composite design","authors":"Ibrahim Lawan ,&nbsp;Nuttinan Boonnao ,&nbsp;Cheol-Hee Ahn ,&nbsp;Panyawutthi Rimdusit ,&nbsp;Sarawut Rimdusit","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study demonstrated the development of a cleaner, renewable, and sustainable 4D bio-composite that is robust and near-infrared (NIR)-light responsive with bio-photopolymer resin (BPR), bio-based benzoxazine (BBZ) monomer, and polypyrrole (PPy) powder blends used in the liquid crystal display (LCD) technique of 3D printing. BBZ monomer was synthesized from the abundant cardanol and blended with a poly lactic acid (PLA) based BPR to improve flexibility, and the PPy was added to impact photothermal capacity in the resulting composite. Smoothed surfaced and well-cured composite samples were obtained, and the effects of NIR-light intensity, PPy amount, and thickness of the composite against the shape recovery time of the composite was optimized and defined by a model obtained using a central composite design (CCD). Interestingly, the optimized composite sample has exhibited excellent shape fixity and recovery ratios, and recovery time of 98 ± 2 %, 94 ± 3 %, and 90 ± 2 s, respectively at a very low NIR-light intensity of 40 mW/cm², and PPy amount of 0.3 wt.% of the total resin used in the 3D printer. Additionally, good mechanical properties were also achieved, for instance, flexural stress, modulus, and strain of: 47.4 ± 1.7 MPa, 1.37 ± 0.1 GPa, and 5.08 ± 0.2 % were recorded. While tensile stress, modulus, and strain of: 43.5 ± 0.5 MPa, 1.16 ± 0.1 GPa, and 4.1 ± 0.3 % were also recorded. Thus, a robust and NIR-light responsive 4D bio-composite has been achieved without using additional diluents and photoiniators, suggesting that this study has provided solution to the challenge of low biomass content and mechanical strength peculiar to bio-based photosensitive resins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bonding mechanisms in directly bonded aluminium and glass-fibre polyamide 6 hybrids","authors":"Atiyeh Adelinia ,&nbsp;Aleksey Yerokhin ,&nbsp;David T.A. Matthews ,&nbsp;Laurent Warnet ,&nbsp;Matthijn B. de Rooij ,&nbsp;Jamal Seyyed Monfared Zanjani","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the contribution of different bonding mechanisms to the fracture toughness of aluminium alloy and glass-fibre polyamide 6 (GFPA6) joints as influenced by surface treatments. Aluminium substrates were treated by two grit blasting conditions, two annealing durations, and a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating process, yielding surfaces with distinct morphologies and chemistries. Surface morphology, chemistry, and wettability of the treated aluminium surfaces were characterised. Afterwards, the aluminium-GFPA6 joints were fabricated via hot pressing and evaluated by mandrel peel testing to determine fracture toughness, complemented by interfacial and fractographic analyses. All aluminium surfaces showed wettability by PA6 with contact angles &lt;90°. Annealing increased surface free energy and improved interfacial interactions, while grit blasting and PEO increased surface area and enabled mechanical interlocking. Compared to the as-received surface, fracture toughness increased up to ∼5-fold by annealing, ∼7-fold by grit blasting, and ∼9-fold by PEO. The superior performance of PEO-treated joints is attributed to the highly porous and irregular coating morphology, which maximises interfacial area, and promotes both mechanical interlocking and interfacial interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100702"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lignin nanoparticle reinforced infusible thermoplastic composites with enhanced UV shielding","authors":"A.K. Sidharth ,&nbsp;Maurice N. Collins ,&nbsp;Anthony J. Comer","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable, high-performance materials has motivated the exploration of lignin as a functional additive in polymer composites. This work investigates the development of lignin nanoparticle (nL) reinforced Elium® nanocomposites aimed at improving ultraviolet (UV) resistance and thermomechanical performance. Spherical lignin nanoparticles were synthesised from sulphur-free biorefinery lignin using a solvent-shifting method and incorporated into the Elium® matrix via in-situ free radical polymerisation. Elium®, a recyclable, infusion-processable thermoplastic acrylic resin, offers a sustainable alternative to conventional thermosets while maintaining comparable mechanical performance. The effect of nL loading on UV shielding, mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties was systematically examined. Incorporation of lignin nanoparticles significantly enhanced UV absorption and thermal stability, with optimum performance achieved at 0.5 wt% loading. At this concentration, the composite exhibited a 54% improvement in UV shielding, along with an increase in tensile strength (∼30%) and flexural strength (∼22%) without adversely affecting viscosity or cure behaviour. This study, the first to report lignin nanoparticle reinforcement in Elium® resin, demonstrates that lignin nanoparticles can impart multifunctionality to recyclable thermoplastic composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100703"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening and repairing of a one-way solid slab exposed to thermal effect using CFRP Grid","authors":"Mu’tasim Abdel-Jaber ,&nbsp;Layla Magharbeh ,&nbsp;Mousa Shhabat ,&nbsp;Ahmed Ashteyat","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure of reinforced concrete (RC) elements to high temperatures, leads to severe deterioration in mechanical properties. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) have recently emerged as a promising method for strengthening fire-damaged RC members due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and ease of installation. This study evaluates the effectiveness of CFRP grids in strengthening and repairing thermally damaged one-way RC solid slabs. Eight slabs (1800 × 500 × 100 mm) were cast and exposed to a uniform temperature of 600 °C. Three CFRP grid configurations were examined: two slices, three slices, and a full-surface application. The performance of the slabs was assessed through experimental testing, numerical modeling, and theoretical analysis. The experimental results demonstrated significant recovery and enhancement of structural capacity, with ultimate load increases of 11.1 % to 29.9 % for strengthened slabs and 19.3 % to 41.4 % for repaired slabs relative to their control specimens. The stiffness of repaired slabs increased by up to 117 %, while peak deflection decreased by 47 %. In addition, the numerical results exhibited strong correlation with experimental results, showing deviations below 12 % in ultimate load and 8 % in deflection, validating the adopted nonlinear modeling approach. Finally, the theoretical results based on ACI 440.2R-17 showed close agreement with experimental results, with predicted capacities by only 2.2 %–7.1 % for strengthened slabs and 2.2 %–14.2 % for repaired slabs. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of CFRP grid in restoring the mechanical performance of reinforced concrete slabs exposed to elevated temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100694"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycelium biocomposites from spent coffee grounds, rice husk, and recycled paper for temporary eco-road guideposts: Microstructure-property relationships, fire resistance, and outdoor durability","authors":"Pimpet Sratong-on ,&nbsp;Supaluk Prapan ,&nbsp;Warangkana Chaithanee ,&nbsp;Kanyarat Puttawongsakul ,&nbsp;Sutep Joy-A-Ka","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mycelium biocomposites (MBCs) offer a sustainable, zero-waste alternative for non-structural construction materials. This study investigated the influence of substrate morphology on MBC properties by using two novel waste streams: fibrous recycled paper (RP) alone and a particulate co-substrate of high-content spent coffee grounds (SCG) mixed with rice husks (RH), mainly for non-structural construction components (road guidepost). Three compositions of MBCs were fabricated: (MBC/RP, MBC/SCG50-RH50, MBC/SCG80-RH20). Compression test, water absorption, and fire resistance performance were characterized alongside microstructural analyses via SEM and X-ray μCT. Experimental results disclosed that substrate morphology critically governs MBC performance. MBC/RP achieved the highest compressive strength (1.67 MPa) at high strain 0.58 mm/mm and an excellent V-0 fire rating due to dense mycelial entanglement with fibrous substrate and protective char layer formation. Conversely, MBC/SCG-RH groups exhibited lower strength (0.25–0.46 MPa) and fire resistance. Nevertheless, MBC/SCG80-RH20 achieved the highest stiffness (2.41 MPa) and exhibited brittle behavior, linked to SCG-RH particle interlocking that created a closed-pore structure (58.27–61.61 % porosity) and significantly lower water uptake (130 %) than open-pored MBC/RP (272 % water uptake and 52.87 % porosity). Accordingly, MBC/SCG-RH groups are better suited for biodegradable packaging while MBC/RP was the only candidate satisfying non-structural construction materials specifications. Despite susceptible to high moisture, MBC/RP maintained structural integrity in dry environments, demonstrating a functional lifespan exceeding three months. The practical feasibility was validated by successfully fabricating an initial 1:4 scale MBC/RP road guidepost prototype. These findings confirm the potential of tailoring waste resources to meet mechanical, fire performance, and degradability for non-load-bearing outdoor applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100699"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why selected autoclave-cured Double–Double laminates are particular prone to warpage","authors":"Erik Kappel ,&nbsp;Ronald Klomp","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Double–Double (DD) laminates provide unique design and manufacturing opportunities. This makes them a promising challenger for conventional laminates used in aerospace composite parts today. DD laminates benefit from an effect denoted as ’homogenization’, which leads to a mechanical behavior known from orthotropic laminates, without complex coupling effects, although DD laminates have asymmetric ply-stacking sequences. Manufacturing aspects and particularly the topic of process-induced distortions (PID) have attracted little attention in DD context. The present article is dedicated to this topic. It outlines why some DD laminates show warpage and twist after a typical 180°C curing process, while others remain almost flat. Hence, the article provides practical guidance for selecting building-block stacking sequences, which induce minimum warpage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Seismic rehabilitation of flexure-damaged RC shear walls using a hybrid UHPC–FRP composites with EBROG-installed strips and FRP anchors [Journal of Composite Part C: Open Access, Volume 18 (2025), Article 100665]","authors":"Mehdi Khorasani,&nbsp;Davood Mostofinejad,&nbsp;Ali MohammadSalehi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100686","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100686"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic integrity assessment of rehabilitated cracked polygonal tubes: Implications from FEA and multi-parameter sensitivity analysis","authors":"Kiarash Alidadi,&nbsp;Hadi Eskandari","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study examines the fracture reliability and efficiency of reinforced cracked tubes, and provides a comprehensive probabilistic integrity assessment of cracked polygonal tubes, moving beyond traditional circular geometries. The most common of mechanical damages in pipes is dents, gouges, cracks and scratches, which severely threaten structural integrity. However, while these forms of mechanical damage are widely detected in polygonal pipes, there is a notable lack of research focusing on their behavior and repair in polygonal tube geometries. To this end, a three-dimensional finite element model (FEM), incorporating extended FEM (XFEM) for crack growth analysis, was developed to estimate stress intensity factors (SIFs) and analyze crack propagation in repaired metallic tubes with surface cracks. A novel integration of Monte Carlo simulations with surrogate modeling based on regression analysis enabled efficient and accurate evaluation of probabilistic failure scenarios and uncertainties. The sensitivity and impact of key parameters, including crack geometry, crack orientation angle, axial tensile pressure, stiffener thickness, and cross-sectional polygonality, were analyzed using Sobol-based global sensitivity analysis. Results indicated that circular cross-sections and thicker reinforcements significantly increased the fracture resistance, and crack orientation was the most influential uncertainty. In addition, composite sleeves demonstrated a sound reduction in SIFs from 1.05 (unrepaired) to 0.33 (repaired) for triangular tubes and from 0.98 (unrepaired) to 0.29 (repaired) for rectangular tubes, whereas the circular tubes showed a decrease from 0.89 to 0.28). from 1.05 to 0.33 in the triangular section. Concurrently, the probability of failure before repair was 8.9 % for rectangular tubes, 6.2 % for triangular tubes, and 3.7 % for circular tubes; after composite repair, these values were substantially reduced to 1.1 %, 0.7 %, and 0.3 %, respectively. These results clearly demonstrate a significant improvement in structural reliability across all tube geometries. The explicit investigation of polygonal cross-sectional effects on fracture mechanics and repair efficiency represents a significant advancement over prior works focused solely on cylindrical tubes. This research highlights the necessity of including axial load scenarios in future design codes and repair watermarks. Suggestions include prioritizing crack angle management, robust composite repairs, and targeting inspections on identified sensitivities to improve tube safety and reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100697"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical and numerical modelling of in-situ processing, mechanical performances and applications in automated fibre placement (AFP) – A review","authors":"Changze Sun ,&nbsp;Vaibhav Phadnis ,&nbsp;Alireza Moradi ,&nbsp;Jin Zhou ,&nbsp;Mohamed Nasr Saleh ,&nbsp;Zhongwei Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) is a widely adopted composite manufacturing process in the aerospace, automotive, and pressure vessel industries. Over the past 30 years, the process has experienced significant advancements, with analytical in-situ process modelling and finite element (FE) simulations remaining key areas of research for current and future development. This review highlights various modelling and simulation approaches used to assess the mechanical performance of AFP-manufactured products across different applications. Additionally, it explores fundamental research on the effects of defects and in-situ processing parameters on AFP. It also reviews newly developed machine learning techniques applied in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100707"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale mechanical property prediction of unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites containing resin-deficient defects","authors":"Mingxuan Li ,&nbsp;Yaosheng Liang ,&nbsp;Zhibo Duan ,&nbsp;Xinwei Lin ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A prediction model for mechanical property of composites with resin-deficient defects was established. Based on the homogenization theory, the characteristic parameters (volume fraction) of the resin-deficient defects were introduced into the Chamis equation, and the equivalent mechanical property solutions of these composites were deduced. In this way, the prediction models for the mechanical properties of composites with resin-deficient defects were developed, and the theoretical calculation were compared with the simulation data and the reported testing data. The maximum prediction errors of elasticity parameter and strength parameter are &lt;9% and under 12%, respectively, and the errors from the experimental data are below 4%. With the model above, accurately forecasting the mechanical properties of composites with resin-deficient defects is highly feasible. The transverse elastic modulus and shear modulus are more sensitive to the resin-deficient defects in the composites. Even if the content of resin-deficient defects is small, the defects will remarkably influence the transverse tensile and shear strengths. The general changing trend of elasticity and strength parameters drops with the rising level of resin-deficient defects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100704"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}