Composites Part C Open Access最新文献

Investigating microstructural features and tensile properties of 3D-printed co-polyester reinforced with carbon fibres 研究3d打印碳纤维增强共聚酯的微观结构特征和拉伸性能

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100604

Lotfi Hedjazi , Sofiane Belhabib , Jaianth Vijayakumar , Elodie Boller , Sofiane Guessasma

{"title":"Investigating microstructural features and tensile properties of 3D-printed co-polyester reinforced with carbon fibres","authors":"Lotfi Hedjazi , Sofiane Belhabib , Jaianth Vijayakumar , Elodie Boller , Sofiane Guessasma","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the 3D printing of carbon fibre-reinforced copolyester (COP-CF) composites using fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology, with a focus on the influence of printing parameters on mechanical performance and microstructure. We explore the effects of different printing angles (0° to 90°) on the tensile behaviour, pore connectivity, and microstructural characteristics of 3D-printed COP-CF specimens. Synchrotron X-ray microtomography is employed to analyse the internal structure of printed parts, revealing insights into porosity distribution and fibre alignment. Our results indicate that a 45° printing angle yields the highest mechanical performance, with a tensile strength improvement approaching 70 MPa and a Young’s modulus nearing 1 GPa, attributed to filament alignment in the loading direction and optimal load transfer. Additionally, the elongation at break reaches approximately 10 %, indicating a balance between strength and ductility. The study also highlights the role of process-induced porosity and its impact on mechanical properties. Additionally, the design and testing of a 3D-printed curved hook demonstrate the material's potential for functional applications under mixed-mode loading conditions effectively at a 45° printing angle—outperforming other angles by a factor of 1.71. The findings underscore the importance of printing angle and microstructure control in optimizing the mechanical performance of 3D-printed COP-CF composites for technical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100604"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multifunctional TPMS-based interpenetrating phase composites: A comprehensive review of structure, properties, piezoelectricity and applications 多功能tpms基互穿相复合材料：结构、性能、压电性及应用综述

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100596

Kishor B. Shingare , Suhas Alkunte , Baosong Li , Andreas Schiffer , Ian Kinloch , Kin Liao

{"title":"Multifunctional TPMS-based interpenetrating phase composites: A comprehensive review of structure, properties, piezoelectricity and applications","authors":"Kishor B. Shingare , Suhas Alkunte , Baosong Li , Andreas Schiffer , Ian Kinloch , Kin Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to their superior electro-thermo-mechanical properties, the significance of interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs) in various industries is in high demand. IPCs, characterized by infiltrating metal, ceramic, and polymer phases, provide various advantages, including a balanced mixture of strength, stiffness, and toughness, excellent thermal characteristics, wear resistance, and flexibility in microstructure and processing routes. This comprehensive review explores the realm of multifunctional reinforcing phases, specifically focusing on their integration into 3D printed composites. Within this context, the IPCs with a special spotlight on captivating world of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) and other cellular/lattice architectures wherein two core themes are presented and dissected: TPMS-based IPCs, which collaboratively amplify properties of another phase and interpenetrating piezoelectric phase composites (IP<sup>2</sup>Cs), which offer special advantages over conventional ones. We compiled comprehensive data on IPCs, emphasizing their effective properties, mechanical performance, fatigue and fracture behavior, energy absorption capacity, and coupled electromechanical characteristics. Furthermore, the commercial applications of architectured IPCs across industries are highlighted, along with a critical analysis of current research, identifying gaps and challenges. It highlights their pivotal role in advancing technology and addressing contemporary challenges while illuminating the uncharted possibilities presented by TPMS cellular structures in the dynamic landscape of 3D printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100596"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study on the possibility of utilizing CFRP fabricated by EDRM as structural capacitor by incorporating CNF 结合CNF将EDRM制造的CFRP用作结构电容器的可能性研究

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100600

Md Tansirul Islam , Shinya Honda , Kazuaki Katagiri , Katsuhiko Sasaki , Ryo Takeda , Yuto Shimizu , Antoine Cozigou

{"title":"A study on the possibility of utilizing CFRP fabricated by EDRM as structural capacitor by incorporating CNF","authors":"Md Tansirul Islam , Shinya Honda , Kazuaki Katagiri , Katsuhiko Sasaki , Ryo Takeda , Yuto Shimizu , Antoine Cozigou","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, carbon fiber reinforced polymer, or CFRP is presented as a multifunctional material that combines capacitance, lightweight, and strength. In order to investigate the possibility of CFRP functioning as a structural capacitor, its electrical and mechanical performance were evaluated. The development of CFRP as a multifunctional composite is the main goal of this effort for lowering the overall fuel and energy consumption. The dielectric materials employed in this investigation included cellulose nanofiber (CNF), paper, tissue, plastic, and jute fiber. Electrodeposition resin molding method (EDRM), a novel composite manufacturing technique, was employed in the composite's fabrication. Electrodeposition was used for applying a current and deposit resin between carbon fibers. Following EDRM, the dielectric material was sandwiched between two carbon fiber preforms and heated to cure the material, creating the structural capacitor. To examine the capacitance characteristics, capacitance tests were carried out, while for the mechanical properties, tensile and four-point bending test were performed. It was found that the use of CNF as dielectric had substantially enhanced the capacitance and bending properties of composites, however, the Young’s modulus was decreased. CFRP that includes CNF has around 6 % higher bending strength than CFRP that excludes CNF. Additionally, a maximum capacitance of 813 nF/m<sup>2</sup> was achieved by employing CNF into CFRP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100600"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of cryogenic thermal cycling on impact performance of graphene-enhanced recyclable liquid thermoplastic/carbon fiber composites for hydrogen storage applications 低温热循环对石墨烯增强可回收液体热塑性/碳纤维储氢复合材料冲击性能的影响

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100601

J Jefferson Andrew , Jabir Ubaid , WJ Cantwell , KA Khan , R Umer

{"title":"The effect of cryogenic thermal cycling on impact performance of graphene-enhanced recyclable liquid thermoplastic/carbon fiber composites for hydrogen storage applications","authors":"J Jefferson Andrew , Jabir Ubaid , WJ Cantwell , KA Khan , R Umer","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel investigation into the impact energy absorption characteristics of graphene nanoplatelet (GNP)-enhanced carbon fiber-reinforced liquid thermoplastic composites under various cryo-thermal cycling conditions. For the first time, we evaluate the performance of carbon fiber reinforced composites composed of liquid thermoplastic as a matrix and graphene nano platelets (GNPs) as additives for hydrogen storage applications. Laminates with various GNP concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt.%) in liquid thermoplastic resin (Elium) were prepared. The laminates were subjected to cryo-thermal cycling (0, 1, 10, and 25 cycles) before testing at low-velocity impact (5, 10 and 20 J). The results showed that GNP-reinforced composites exhibited a superior retention of impact resistance under cryo-thermal cycling, with the 0.5 wt.% GNP composite demonstrating the best overall impact performance. Specifically, this composite achieved an 8 % increase in peak contact force and a 10 % increase in absorbed energy over the neat composite, due to its ability to alleviate thermal stresses. However, increasing the GNP content beyond this threshold resulted in particle aggregation, which reduced the mechanical properties. After extended cryo-cycling, all composites exhibited a decline in performance, with the neat samples experiencing the greatest reductions: 18 % in peak contact force and 14 % in absorbed energy. In contrast, the 1.5 wt.% GNP samples displayed better resilience, with reductions of only 6.5 % in the peak contact force and 4 % in absorbed energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100601"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functionally gradient AA7075- Al2O3 composites fabrication via deformation-driven metallurgy process 变形驱动冶金法制备功能梯度AA7075- Al2O3复合材料

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100599

Alireza Ramezani, Hamed Jamshidi Aval, Roohollah Jamaati

{"title":"Functionally gradient AA7075- Al2O3 composites fabrication via deformation-driven metallurgy process","authors":"Alireza Ramezani, Hamed Jamshidi Aval, Roohollah Jamaati","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates tablehe microstructural evolution and mechanical performance of functionally graded AA7075-Al₂O₃ composites processed via the deformation driven metallurgy (DDM) technique. Microstructural analysis reveals a systematic grain refinement with increasing Al₂O₃ content, where the average grain size decreases from 10.2 ± 0.8 µm at 0 wt.% Al₂O₃ to 3.1 ± 0.6 µm at 32 wt.% Al₂O₃. This refinement is attributed to dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and particle-stimulated nucleation (PSN), facilitated by Al₂O₃ particles acting as nucleation sites. Mechanical testing demonstrates significant improvements in hardness and strength. Hardness values increase from 123.6 ± 3.4 HV₀.₁ in the unreinforced sample to 313.7 ± 8.2 HV₀.₁ at 32 wt.% Al₂O₃, while ultimate tensile strength (UTS) rises from 526.4 ± 12.5 MPa to 740.8 ± 10.1 MPa. However, this enhancement comes at the cost of ductility, with elongation decreasing from 12.7 ± 1.2 % to 4.6 ± 1.7 %. Fractographic analysis reveals a transition from ductile to brittle fracture with increasing reinforcement, driven by particle-induced stress concentrations. Tribological assessment shows superior wear resistance with higher Al₂O₃ content. The friction coefficient and wear rate decrease to 0.33 ± 0.03 and 3.8 ± 0.2 µg/m, respectively, at 32 wt.% Al₂O₃.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100599"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compression after impact behavior of flat and tapered Single-Double carbon composite specimens 扁平和锥形单-双碳复合材料试样的冲击后压缩性能

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100597

Alessandro Vescovini , Carina Xiaochen Li , Bo Cheng Jin , Andrea Manes

{"title":"Compression after impact behavior of flat and tapered Single-Double carbon composite specimens","authors":"Alessandro Vescovini , Carina Xiaochen Li , Bo Cheng Jin , Andrea Manes","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the damage tolerance with compression after impact (CAI) testing procedure of five sets of specimens, that were manufactured using the card-sliding technique with non-crimp fabrics (NCFs) and adopting a Single-Double (SD) stacking sequence. Before undergoing CAI tests, initial damage was generated in the specimens with low-velocity impacts. Two sets of specimens are flat with a constant cross-section and they are manufactured with <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>30</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> NCFs, respectively. Two sets feature a tapered cross-section and the same NCFs as the flat ones, and the fifth set consists of tapered specimens with the same fiber orientation as one of the tapered sets but feature NCFs with different areal density. The CAI tests were performed according to the ASTM standard, using an infra-red camera and a digital image correlation system to record the thermal transient and the displacement of the specimens. Finite Element Analyses are validated and compared with the experimental results. The failure modes are discussed focusing on the various damage mechanisms, highlighting the effect of the tapered cross-section, the different NCFs, and the stacking sequence. This research provided insights on NCFs composite damage tolerance after low-velocity impact damage, highlighting the effect of adopting the novel SD stacking sequence and card-sliding method to taper the laminate. The analysis underscores the possibility to develop composites mitigating delamination risks and promoting intra-laminar damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100597"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum “Fire behaviour of biochar-based cementitious composites” [Composites Part C: Open Access 14 (2024) 100471] 勘误表“生物炭基胶凝复合材料的燃烧性能”[复合材料C部分：开放获取14 (2024)100471]

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100589

Rhoda Afriyie Mensah , Dong Wang , Vigneshwaran Shanmugam, Gabriel Sas, Michael Försth, Oisik Das

引用次数: 0

Voronoi-cell lattice modeling of the elastic behavior of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymers 拉挤玻璃纤维增强聚合物弹性行为的Voronoi-cell晶格模型

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100598

Hadi Abbaszadeh , Yusuke Mochida , Alessandro Fascetti

{"title":"Voronoi-cell lattice modeling of the elastic behavior of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymers","authors":"Hadi Abbaszadeh , Yusuke Mochida , Alessandro Fascetti","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapidly increasing use of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) elements in structural engineering applications brings opportunities and challenges for novel modeling strategies to simulate the mechanical behavior of this class of materials with higher accuracy and computational efficiency. In this context, this work introduces a new methodology using the Voronoi-cell Lattice Model (VCLM), a form of random lattice modeling, to simulate the elastic behavior of orthotropic GFRP structural elements, directly accounting for any admissible combination of fiber-to-matrix stiffness ratio and fiber orientation. First, the manuscript introduces the analytical derivations required to evaluate the elastic properties to assign to the lattice elements as a function of the geometrical relationships between the material planes of symmetry and the element orientation. The model is verified against analytical solution of canonical deformation problems, and further validated by means of experimental data previously obtained by the co-authors. Moreover, the numerical predictions are also compared to established theories such as the Tsai-Hill and Kim’s criteria. Following validation, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate the influence of different fiber-to-matrix and Young’s modulus ratios on the macroscopic response of the structures. Results demonstrate that both mechanical parameters significantly influence the macroscopic elastic response (i.e., macroscopic stiffness and Poisson’s ratio) when employing a discrete lattice network discretization. These findings provide a new understanding of the capabilities and challenges associated with the adoption of random lattice modeling approaches for the simulation of non-isotropic media, with particular attention devoted to establishing formal relationships between the lattice-level mechanical parameters and the resulting macroscopic response of the structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100598"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tailorable through-thickness fibre reinforcement in CFRP laminates with AFP via Repeated Segment Stacking 通过重复分段堆叠，可定制的通过厚度的纤维增强CFRP复合材料与AFP

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100591

Adam D. Whitehouse , Sharwa Molla , Victor Médeau , Lorenzo Mencattelli , James Finlayson , Silvestre T. Pinho

{"title":"Tailorable through-thickness fibre reinforcement in CFRP laminates with AFP via Repeated Segment Stacking","authors":"Adam D. Whitehouse , Sharwa Molla , Victor Médeau , Lorenzo Mencattelli , James Finlayson , Silvestre T. Pinho","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite structures are vulnerable to delamination. With the increased usage of Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) it is important to develop compatible delamination mitigation strategies. In this work we highlight the strategy of segmenting plies and stacking segment-by-segment via AFP, rather than ply-by-ply, to provide through-thickness fibre interlocks to resist delamination. We develop a novel approach, ‘Repeated Segment Stacking (RSS)’, to create significant and tailorable through-thickness fibre reinforcements throughout the thickness. We demonstrate successful AFP prototyping, including the ability to control the fibre undulation geometry. Our results show that low amplitude designs provide reinforcement across all horizontal planes whilst increased amplitude designs mimic the impact resistant Herringbone structure of the Mantis shrimp’s dactyl club. Experimental testing to HVI, LVI, and CAI reveals reduced delamination footprint and containment at undulation boundaries. This first investigation demonstrates that the RSS concept enables composite plates with tailorable through-thickness fibre reinforcement to be manufactured with AFP, and that such designs provide a promising development route for AFP-manufactured delamination resistant CFRP structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100591"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correlating fluorescence and residual stiffness in self-reporting microcapsule composites with an intact soft matrix 具有完整软基质的自报告微胶囊复合材料中荧光和剩余刚度的相关性

IF 5.3

Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100586

David Schwarz , Viacheslav Slesarenko

{"title":"Correlating fluorescence and residual stiffness in self-reporting microcapsule composites with an intact soft matrix","authors":"David Schwarz , Viacheslav Slesarenko","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-reporting microcapsule-based systems are highly valuable for providing information about a composite’s health, whether by indicating the location of damage or, in more advanced cases, reflecting the extent of damage through intensity of fluorescence. However, measuring such intensity alone is insufficient for evaluating the deterioration of a composite’s mechanical properties. Using self-reporting stiff capsules containing tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and hexyl acetate embedded in a soft polymeric matrix, we observe that accurately assessing mechanical properties after damage in evaporation-based self-reporting systems requires not only measuring fluorescence brightness but also accounting for the time elapsed since the rupture of the capsules. While the fluorescence–stiffness correlation can be approximated by a linear fit at any given time, the proportionality coefficient gradually evolves, stabilizing only hours after capsule rupture. This study highlights the importance of considering the transient nature of fluorescence–stiffness relationships when leveraging self-reporting composites for advanced damage evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0