Composites Part C Open Access最新文献

Confinement of MWCNTs in PA6 3D-printed fibreglass-reinforced composites to enhance piezoresistive properties 在PA6 3d打印玻璃纤维增强复合材料中限制MWCNTs以增强压阻性能

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100692

Nicolò Geneletti , Gennaro Rollo , Luca Michele Martulli , Andrea Bernasconi , Alfredo Ronca , Andrea Sorrentino , Marino Lavorgna

{"title":"Confinement of MWCNTs in PA6 3D-printed fibreglass-reinforced composites to enhance piezoresistive properties","authors":"Nicolò Geneletti , Gennaro Rollo , Luca Michele Martulli , Andrea Bernasconi , Alfredo Ronca , Andrea Sorrentino , Marino Lavorgna","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A continuous fibreglass (CFG)-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) sandwich structure with self-sensing capabilities was developed by confining multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) within the material volume through a step-by-step process involving a) 3D printing of specimens with a designed porous structure, b) embedding MWCNTs onto the surface of polyamide pores swollen with acid-formic solutions containing various filler contents, and c) hot-pressing the resulting specimens to close the porosity. Sandwiched specimens, designed with top-bottom skins at control layup (no reinforcement CFG, namely “noGF”), the quasi-isotropic (with CFG oriented 0/45/90/-45°s, namely “qiGF”), and the longitudinal layup (with CFG oriented at 0°, namely “longGF”) were subjected to steady and cyclic three-point bending tests and mechanical and piezoresistive characterized. The results show a correlation between applied strain and measured electrical resistance, with a gauge factor (GF) of 23 at a strain of 0.83% for the sample containing 0.05 wt% MWCNTs. The fibre reinforcement, together with the porous sandwich design, proved effective in reducing electrical hysteresis and improving measurement repeatability. The sample containing 0.05 wt% of MWCNTs and longGF shows a significant improvement in sensing performance. These findings confirm that confining MWCNTs within 3D-printed PA6 sandwich structures is an effective strategy for enhancing the piezoresistivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100692"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Experimental analyses and numerical modelling of dynamic three point bending behavior of hybrid formed steel-PA6LFT40 structures 混合成形钢- pa6lft40结构动态三点弯曲性能试验分析与数值模拟

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100698

Sharath Christy Anand, Amir Hajdarevic, Xiangfan Fang

{"title":"Experimental analyses and numerical modelling of dynamic three point bending behavior of hybrid formed steel-PA6LFT40 structures","authors":"Sharath Christy Anand, Amir Hajdarevic, Xiangfan Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents experimental study and FE prediction of hybrid steel-PA6 long fiber thermoplastic (LFT) structures under dynamic three-point bending. Using the novel hybrid forming process, steel sheet and LFT were simultaneously formed and joined. Together with hybrid U-profile, pure LFT and steel U-profiles were manufactured and tested. Results show that specific energy absorption (SEA) of hybrid profiles was 57 % higher than the combined SEA of the individual materials, due to contribution of fractured LFT material in the closed section.</div><div>Detailed FE framework was followed incorporating material characterization for Steel, LFT and adhesive into the FE simulation. Process simulations were performed and simulated fiber orientations were validated against XµCT scans and mapped onto LS-Dyna mesh. Dynamic three-point bending tests were replicated in FE simulations using the Johnson-Cook failure criterion for LFT materials. simulation results for pure steel and pure LFT profiles aligned well with experimental data. Simulations of the hybrid U-profile revealed discrepancies in energy absorption. Further analysis indicated that part of the energy was accounted for through element failure and frictional contact, which contributed to the observed deviation. This combined approach replicates experimental behavior and also provides insight into how hybrid structures distribute and absorb energy under dynamic loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100698"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Hybrid artificial rattan from upcycled multi-layered packaging waste and natural fibers: Toward sustainable material innovation 由多层包装废料和天然纤维制成的混合人造藤：迈向可持续材料创新

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100705

Siraphop Raddussadee , Vitsarut Janpaen , Prompthep Komson , Walanrak Poomchalit , Ponlapath Tipboonsri , Anin Memon

{"title":"Hybrid artificial rattan from upcycled multi-layered packaging waste and natural fibers: Toward sustainable material innovation","authors":"Siraphop Raddussadee , Vitsarut Janpaen , Prompthep Komson , Walanrak Poomchalit , Ponlapath Tipboonsri , Anin Memon","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the feasibility of producing artificial rattan from multilayer plastic packaging waste from beverage cartons, combined with natural fibers, as a sustainable alternative to natural rattan. Beverage cartons consist of cardboard and a polyethylene film/aluminum foil layer known as “PolyAl,” which is difficult to degrade and recycle. To valorize this waste, PolyAl was blended with recycled linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and polypropylene (PP) at mixing ratios of 0–90 wt %, then compounded using a twin-screw extruder and injection molding. The optimal recycled polymer blend was subsequently reinforced with bamboo particles at 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt %. Polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) was also added at 0, 3, 5, and 7 wt % to improve interfacial bonding between the reinforcement and matrix. Mechanical performance was evaluated by tensile, flexural, and Izod impact tests, and the results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), confirming significant effects of material composition on mechanical properties (<em>p</em> < 0.05). The optimal formulation was a 30:70 (PolyAl:PP) blend containing 5 wt % bamboo particles and 3 wt % PP-g-MA, which achieved a tensile strength of 19.60 MPa, tensile modulus of 327.78 MPa, flexural strength of 28.12 MPa, flexural modulus of 543.08 ± 31.49 MPa, and impact strength of 100.93 J/m.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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On the stress analysis of composite pipes and vessels subjected to internal pressure 内压作用下复合材料管容器的应力分析

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100689

Roham Rafiee, Ali Shahcheraghi

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LayGrade: Design and fabrication of a layer-graded bio-based composite from wood waste LayGrade：设计和制造一种由木材废料制成的层级生物基复合材料

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100685

Giulia Pelliccia, Roberto Naboni

{"title":"LayGrade: Design and fabrication of a layer-graded bio-based composite from wood waste","authors":"Giulia Pelliccia, Roberto Naboni","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a fully bio-based functionally graded composite developed from pine processing waste to enable structural and optical performance control in architectural components. Rosin, beeswax, and sawdust were combined in defined ratios to produce stratified composites exhibiting spatially tunable stiffness and translucency. Mechanical characterisation showed a progressive increase in tensile strength from 1.21 to 2.89 MPa and compressive strength from 9.19 to 39.27 MPa with increasing sawdust content (0–60 wt%), accompanied by a corresponding decrease in light transmittance. Mix-specific calibration of CNC milling parameters ensured dimensional precision and defect-free surfaces across gradients. These data informed a voxel-based computational workflow coupling material composition with adaptive machining parameters to achieve local control of mechanical and optical behaviour within a single artefact. A graded tile demonstrator validated the framework, demonstrating continuous variation in stiffness and translucency through depth-controlled fabrication. The work establishes a reproducible pathway linking bio-composite formulation, digital design, and adaptive manufacturing, advancing wood-waste upcycling toward performance-driven applications in sustainable architecture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100685"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145651783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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A stiffness programming framework for nonlinear hybrid Kresling – Yoshimura origami metastructures 非线性混合Kresling - Yoshimura折纸元结构的刚度规划框架

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100708

Islam El Ghoul , Adham Alsharkawi , Ali H. Alhadidi

{"title":"A stiffness programming framework for nonlinear hybrid Kresling – Yoshimura origami metastructures","authors":"Islam El Ghoul , Adham Alsharkawi , Ali H. Alhadidi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in precise control and vibration suppression devices have created a growing demand for programmable mechanical elements. Although various origami structures have been introduced as potential candidates for this purpose, tailoring their stiffness behavior remains a significant challenge. To this end, this paper presents a systematic framework to assist in programming stiffness curves of nonlinear Kresling-Yoshimura hybrid cells under specific stiffness behaviors and geometric constraints. The framework explores all feasible combinations of geometric and mechanical parameters that contribute to the restoring force of such cells, including member lengths, diameters, and distinct shape ratios. Finite element analysis is employed to provide a practical tool to evaluate the nonlinear stiffness curves, which can be represented by cubic polynomials. Restoring force relationships are derived to ensure full recovery to the initial geometry, avoiding plastic deformation. Then, the effect of the main geometrical parameters on the linear and nonlinear stiffness coefficients is analyzed, providing a practical tool for designing the stiffness curve. The proposed hybrid cells demonstrate a high elastic deflection range, and a wide spectrum of linear and nonlinear stiffness behaviors. Comprehensive analysis proves that these hybrid origami structures hold significant promise for future implementation, with the potential to expand their operational range and accommodate diverse requirements in programmable stiffness applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100708"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Effect of tool geometry and flank wear on drill temperature during CFRP machining CFRP加工过程中刀具几何形状和刀面磨损对钻温的影响

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100695

Andrii Hrechuk , Rachid M’Saoubi , Thomas Melin , Stefan Frejd , Pär Nordberg , Lennart Karlsson , Per Alm , Vyacheslav Kryzhanivskyy , Volodymyr Bushlya

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The path to virtual testing for certification of large composite wind turbine blades: Challenges, progress and insights 大型复合材料风力涡轮机叶片认证的虚拟测试路径：挑战、进展和见解

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100706

Rasmus Kaalund Schøn, Andreas Branner, Xiao Chen

{"title":"The path to virtual testing for certification of large composite wind turbine blades: Challenges, progress and insights","authors":"Rasmus Kaalund Schøn, Andreas Branner, Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid innovation in wind turbine blade design has resulted in blades that exceed 150 metres in length, this progress has also intensified the challenges associated with traditional blade certification. Full-scale physical testing has become increasingly expensive, time-consuming, and ultimately a barrier to rapid innovation and market entry. These limitations motivate a shift towards virtual testing frameworks capable of delivering reliable, certifiable evidence of structural integrity and reliability of large composite blades. This issue motivates a transition towards virtual testing methods that can provide dependable, certifiable insights. Current certification procedures are reviewed, and the technology readiness to replace physical testing with virtual testing is assessed for both current and emerging technologies. The review finds that several methods are sufficiently mature to support pre-static and static test validations. However, virtual fatigue testing remains a major bottleneck due to the computational resources needed to virtually test such complex fatigue problems with sufficient accuracy and consistency to replace the physical tests. To address these constraints, this work also analysed recent advances in multiscale modelling, probabilistic and data-driven methodologies, and physics-informed neural networks. Although these techniques show strong potential on smaller-scale demonstrations, key challenges — including limited high-quality data, insufficient computational infrastructure, and concerns about model transparency — continue to impede their adoption in full-scale certification. Significant research and development are still required before virtual fatigue testing can replace conventional physical tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100706"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Numerical nonlinear bending analysis of arbitrary-shaped FG-CNT-reinforced composite plates 任意形状fg - cnts增强复合材料板的非线性弯曲数值分析

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100691

Y. Gholami , R. Ansari , H. Rouhi

{"title":"Numerical nonlinear bending analysis of arbitrary-shaped FG-CNT-reinforced composite plates","authors":"Y. Gholami , R. Ansari , H. Rouhi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A unified numerical framework is presented for the nonlinear bending analysis of plates with diverse geometric configurations made of FG CNT-reinforced composite (FGCNTC). The present scheme is based on the variational differential quadrature transform (VDQ-T) method in combination with Reddy’s refined shear-deformation model and incorporating von Kármán-type geometric nonlinearity. The transformation mapping embedded in the VDQ-T enables the same formulation to accommodate any plate geometry or boundary configuration without domain-specific modification. In addition, equations are obtained using a variational principle, and expressed in a compact matrix–vector form, which greatly facilitates numerical implementation and integration with other computational algorithms. The developed approach offers high efficiency and precise convergence relative to standard finite-element methodologies. Numerical results demonstrate the strong impact of CNT dispersion pattern and plate geometry parameters on the deflection and stiffness of FGCNTC plates; CNT‑rich outer surfaces or reduction in plate slenderness yields a noticeable stiffening effect. The present formulation therefore establishes a versatile platform applicable to a wide range of nonlinear analyses of nanocomposite plates with complex geometries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100691"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Advancements in biochar-reinforced 3D printing filaments for material extrusion: A review on material performance, sustainability, and circular economy 用于材料挤压的生物炭增强3D打印长丝的进展：材料性能、可持续性和循环经济综述

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Composites Part C Open Access Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100687

Diana Rose R. Coronado , Wei-Hsin Chen , Aristotle T. Ubando

{"title":"Advancements in biochar-reinforced 3D printing filaments for material extrusion: A review on material performance, sustainability, and circular economy","authors":"Diana Rose R. Coronado , Wei-Hsin Chen , Aristotle T. Ubando","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing has emerged as a promising technology in the manufacturing sector. However, challenges in achieving the desired thermal and mechanical performance often result in reliance on fossil-based fillers. Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from agricultural waste, has gained attention as an eco-friendly additive. Factors influencing the performance of biochar-reinforced polymer composite from conventional manufacturing were obtained and investigated in biochar-reinforced 3D printing filaments. With a relatively new research area, this review synthesizes recent progress and pioneering studies on applying lignocellulosic biochar for 3D printing filament for material extrusion. The parameters identified include biochar feedstock type, production method, loading level, and compatibilizers. Biochar produced at lower temperatures (<500.0 °C) enhances mechanical strength, while higher temperatures (>700.0 °C) improve thermal resistance. Successful biochar loading for 3D printing filament ranges from 0.1 to 0.6 wt% for fruit by-products biochar and up to 50 wt% for wood-derived biochar, with tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus improved by up to 60.0 %, 82 % and 175 %, respectively. Biochar also enhances interfacial bonding with a compatibilizer, with successful biochar loading increased from 0.6 wt% to 1.0 wt%. This review also explores the broader role of biochar-reinforced 3D printing filaments in advancing a circular and carbon-neutral economy, addressing the 6 “R”s of sustainability, alongside economic considerations, including cost-effectiveness and market potential. The discussion highlights the commercial viability of biochar as a filler and its potential to support sustainable, low-impact manufacturing, positioning it as a valuable solution in the transition toward greener production systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100687"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0