Composites Part C Open Access最新文献

{"title":"A self-consistent clustering computational continua method for multiscale progressive fatigue damage analysis of 3D braided composite I-beam","authors":"Aoshuang Wan,&nbsp;Zhen Zhi,&nbsp;Dinghe Li,&nbsp;Yaogang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper performs numerical and experimental research to comprehensively investigate the flexural fatigue life, stiffness degradation, and multiscale damage mechanisms of three-dimensional five-directional (3D5D) braided composite I-beams under block-spectrum loading. Combining the computational continua (C²) multiscale formulation with self-consistent clustering analysis (SCA), continuum damage mechanics, fatigue models and non-local damage theory, a new self-consistent clustering computational continua (SC-C²) method is proposed for multiscale progressive fatigue damage analysis of 3D braided composite I-beam. At the offline stage, the clustering reduced-order model of unit cell exhibits good consistency with the high-fidelity finite element model in microscale stress field and macroscale equivalent elastic constants. At the online stage, the SC-C² multiscale model predicts a fatigue life of 39987 cycles with a runtime of 155.22 h, which has a relative deviation of 12.37% from the experimental average and corresponds to 0.876 standard deviation below the average. It also reproduces the global stiffness degradation trend, strain field distribution and damage evolution process observed in experiments. These demonstrate that the proposed method has both good computational accuracy and acceptable computational efficiency. Additionally, the physical transient phenomena under block-spectrum loading (including the hysteresis loop, stiffness fluctuations at block transitions, strain-rate effects, crack-face closure and frictional interlocking) that cannot be captured by the numerical model are investigated experimentally. The results show that fatigue damage accumulation and final failure are mainly governed by the load sequence effect and abundant damage induced by high-amplitude load blocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100832"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149159859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crashworthiness-driven infill optimization of additively manufactured wood-PLA biocomposite structures through robust multi-criteria decision-making framework with sensitivity analysis","authors":"Rezgar Hasanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crashworthiness properties of fused filament fabrication (FFF)-3D printed wood-polylactic acid (wood-PLA) biocomposites depend strongly on their internal architecture, while a systematic multi-criteria assessment of different infill patterns is still lacking. In this study, the crashworthiness performance of tubular wood-PLA biocomposites with eight different infill patterns was experimentally investigated. Six crashworthiness criteria were considered: energy absorption (EA), specific energy absorption (SEA), initial peak force (IPF), mean crushing force (MCF), crushing force efficiency (CFE), and undulation of load-carrying capacity (ULC). The experimental results were evaluated using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The robustness of the obtained rankings was further assessed through sensitivity analysis under different criterion-weighting scenarios. Among the investigated infill patterns, Zig-zag exhibited the highest EA (141 J), MCF (7.05 kN), and CFE (95.2%). Under the baseline equal-weighting condition, Zig-zag achieved the highest ranking in both TOPSIS and GRA, with a closeness coefficient of 0.802 and a grey relational grade of 0.827, respectively. The sensitivity analysis further demonstrated the robustness of the overall ranking, with Zig-zag maintaining the leading position in most weighting scenarios and in all GRA-based scenarios. The proposed experimental-MCDM framework provides an effective approach for the systematic evaluation and selection of infill architectures for lightweight, energy-absorbing FFF-3D printed wood-PLA biocomposites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149211277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupling winding-pattern generation with discrete layup optimisation: A computer-aided design framework for manufacturable filament-wound type IV COPVs","authors":"Ibrahim Sebei,&nbsp;Zouhaier Jendli,&nbsp;Stéphane Gillet,&nbsp;Amine Abichou,&nbsp;Mohammadali Shirinbayan,&nbsp;Joseph Fitoussi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Filament wound Type IV composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs) require lightweight layups that remain compatible with feasible winding patterns. Manufacturing feasibility has previously been incorporated into filament wound optimisation through trajectory constraints, feasible angle restrictions and manufacturing informed structural models. In the proposed framework, this manufacturing information is introduced directly at the layer level, with each optimised helical layer represented by a finite set of manufacturable winding pattern candidates. Each candidate is associated with its corrected winding angle, circuit count, turn count, skip index, correction factor, coverage and pattern type. A genetic algorithm explores the resulting combinatorial design space using dual surrogate screening. XGBoost predicts composite mass, while a fine tuned Transformer predicts the layer wise stress response. The retained configuration is subsequently re-evaluated using the WoundSim analytical model and assessed through the WoundSim-Abaqus finite element workflow. For a vessel with 41 optimised helical layers and three candidates per layer, the composite mass decreases from 84.67 kg to 82.38 kg and the maximum analytical fibre direction stress decreases from 2165.14 MPa to 2116.91 MPa, while the cylindrical thickness remains 41.0 mm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100821"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149159861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TiO₂ nanoparticle modification of flax fibers for enhanced mechanical performance","authors":"Amy Langhorst,&nbsp;Dandan Zhang,&nbsp;Elisa Harrison,&nbsp;Jonah Berman,&nbsp;Julie Rieland,&nbsp;Mengjie Yu,&nbsp;Steven Mamolo,&nbsp;Brian Love,&nbsp;Henry Sodano,&nbsp;Mihaela Banu,&nbsp;Alan Taub","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global CO₂ levels have increased in recent years, the transportation sector has increased its focus on the development of low carbon footprint products. Natural fiber composites have been explored as an alternative to fiberglass composites due to the lightweight, sustainable nature of natural fiber reinforcement. However, the use of natural fibers in structural polymer composites has been limited by their lower intrinsic mechanical properties when compared to glass fibers. This work is focused on the development of a treatment for natural fibers to improve their stiffness and enable their widespread use in structural composites. Treatment of flax in supercritical CO₂ in the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles resulted in a 71% increase in fiber modulus (from 23 to 40 GPa) and an 80% increase in fiber ultimate tensile strength (from 277 to 680 MPa). When used to fabricate 30 vol% unidirectional flax-epoxy composites, the composite modulus and strength increased by 43% (from 15 to 21 GPa) and 37% (from 170 to 232 MPa), respectively, despite a 17% reduction in interfacial shear strength between the treated fibers and epoxy matrix. Additionally, the treatment resulted in an 11% increase in fiber crystallinity, a 70% reduction in fiber porosity, and a 40% reduction in average fiber cross-sectional area. SEM, TEM and EDS analyses indicated that TiO₂ were not directly incorporated into the fiber structure. Instead, their contribution appears to be attributed to processing-induced changes in fiber crystallinity, porosity, cross-section area, etc. Overall, this study lays the groundwork for the development of an optimized, cost-effective method for the creation of structural natural fiber polymer composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100818"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149159435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of flax/rPET thermoplastic tapes: Interfacial phenomena, impregnation behaviour and mechanical performance","authors":"Élise Mathouillot,&nbsp;Monica Francesca Pucci,&nbsp;Pierre-Jacques Liotier","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of sustainable thermoplastic composites requires impregnation strategies capable of overcoming the high viscosity of molten polymers while preserving natural-fibre reinforcements. In this study, continuous flax/rPET thermoplastic tapes were manufactured through a capillary-driven solvent-based impregnation process in which post-consumer PET was dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and precipitated within flax reinforcements. The interfacial and processing mechanisms were investigated through thermogravimetric analysis, surface-energy measurements, surface-tension characterization, capillary wicking tests and tensile testing. The two flax reinforcements exhibited different apparent surface energies, with values of 63.6 ± 6 and 55.9 ± 13 mN/m for the 500 TEX and 600 TEX reinforcements, respectively. Capillary-rise experiments yielded mean apparent advancing contact angles of <span><math><mrow><mn>59.8</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>14.3</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>69.4</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>6.6</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>, respectively, indicating a tendency towards more favourable wetting for the 500 TEX reinforcement, although the difference was not statistically significant. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the flax-associated degradation peak remained essentially unchanged under nitrogen after tape manufacturing, while under oxygen it shifted from approximately <span><math><mrow><mn>335.0</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></math></span> for pristine flax to <span><math><mrow><mn>376.4</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></math></span> in the flax/rPET tapes. After PET incorporation, the apparent tensile responses of the two tapes became comparable, with RaidTEX values of 6.67 ± 0.46 and 5.59 ± 0.58 cN/TEX for the 500 TEX and 600 TEX tapes, respectively. These results demonstrate the feasibility of manufacturing flax/rPET thermoplastic tapes by solvent-assisted capillary impregnation and highlight the combined influence of fibre surface properties, reinforcement architecture and impregnation behaviour on the resulting tape performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149159386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key insights into the seismic behavior of FRP-reinforced concrete members: A review","authors":"Nour Ghazal Aswad,&nbsp;Farid Abed,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Moustafa,&nbsp;Tao Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars in primary seismic force-resisting systems remains limited due to the absence of dedicated seismic provisions in current standards, including ACI 440.11–22. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of 114 studies on the cyclic performance of FRP-reinforced and hybrid steel–FRP reinforced structural members. The review covers beams, columns, connections, and structural walls, with particular attention to columns as the most extensively investigated component. Column studies are systematically categorized based on reinforcement type, concrete properties, aspect ratio, and axial load ratio. A comprehensive database is compiled to evaluate principal cyclic performance indicators, including moment capacity, ductility, drift, and energy dissipation.</div><div>The findings indicate that GFRP-reinforced columns with adequate confinement and longitudinal reinforcement ratios between 0.35% and 2.14% can achieve drift capacities exceeding 4.0%, demonstrating their potential for use in ductile moment-resisting systems. Hybrid steel–FRP reinforcement enhances seismic performance by improving ductility, post-yield stiffness, and self-centering. Columns with up to 50% FRP reinforcement maintained repairable drift limits of approximately 1.0% under moderate axial loads. These values reflect specific detailing and experimental conditions and should not be interpreted as general design limits, as the available data remain limited by the relatively small number of cyclic tests and heterogeneous test conditions. Furthermore, detailing strategies such as effective confinement, unbonded tendons, and adequate splice design significantly influence seismic resilience. Remaining research gaps are identified to support future code development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100833"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149159860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative performance of untreated and alkali-treated rice husk in polypropylene random copolymer composite boards","authors":"Fahad Ali Rabbani,&nbsp;Muhammad Sulaiman,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahbaz,&nbsp;Taha Safdar,&nbsp;Fatima Tabasum,&nbsp;M.A. Mujtaba,&nbsp;Muhammad Nasir Bashir,&nbsp;Muhammad Mahmood Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice husk (RH) was incorporated into polypropylene random copolymer (PPRC) composite boards at 20–50 wt.% as untreated RH and alkali-treated rice husk (RHT), while maleic anhydride (MA) and commercial glass-fibre-reinforced polypropylene (PPGF) were maintained at 2 wt.% each. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to examine spectral features and fracture morphology. Water absorption, modified unnotched Izod impact strength and Vicat softening temperature (VST) were evaluated. FTIR spectra showed the characteristic bands of PPRC and rice husk, while FESEM revealed a more heterogeneous fracture morphology in the alkali-treated boards. Water absorption was formulation dependent and non-monotonic. After 72 h, mean water uptake was 5.03% for 50RHT and 1.05% for 50RH, corresponding to an approximately 4.8-fold difference. Impact strength decreased overall from 16.22 to 9.26 kJ m⁻² for untreated boards and from 14.54 to 6.63 kJ m⁻² for treated boards between 20 and 50 wt.%. VST increased over the same range, reaching 143.50 °C for 50RH and 140.48 °C for 50RHT. Under the present formulation and processing conditions, untreated RH provided the more favourable combined impact and thermal-softening response, while water uptake remained formulation dependent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100820"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149211276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength prediction with consideration of process-induced residual stress for composite cylinder from filament winding","authors":"Kaite Guo,&nbsp;Xiaozhou Lü,&nbsp;Zhenyi Yuan,&nbsp;Shuai Chen,&nbsp;Erhu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Process-induced residual stresses arising from winding tension and subsequent curing can significantly alter the stress state and damage evolution in filament-wound composite cylinders, and therefore should be accounted for in strength prediction. This paper presents a sequential numerical framework that couples winding and curing simulations to predict the residual stress and burst pressure of a filament-wound composite cylinder. For the winding-stage, a layer-by-layer renewal cooling method is developed, which sequentially updates the outer diameter and applies layer-specific temperature loads to capture the progressive compaction behavior. For the curing- stage, the cure‑hardening instantaneous linear elastic (CHILE) model is employed to incorporate the effects of resin property evolution, chemical shrinkage, thermal mismatch, and mandrel constraint. The resulting residual stress field is imported as an initial condition into a Tsai‑Wu failure analysis to evaluate the burst pressure under internal loading. Quantitative validation against tensile tests demonstrates that the proposed model reduces the burst pressure prediction error from 11.1% to 3.6% at 30 N winding tension and from 10.2% to 2.8% at 40 N, compared with experimental data. Results further reveal that curing‑induced residual stresses are the dominant factor reducing the load‑bearing capacity. The choice of mandrel material has a marked effect on residual stress: cylinders wound on a sand mandrel achieve 7.75% greater burst strength than those wound on aluminium or steel mandrels. These results show that curing-induced residual stresses must be included to predict the strength of filament-wound cylinders accurately; they also confirm that the proposed framework is a reliable tool for process optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100812"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149159863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage mechanism and structural optimization of hybrid CFRP I-Beams subjected the repeated low-velocity impact","authors":"Shicheng Zhao,&nbsp;Zhihao Su,&nbsp;Jiayun Li,&nbsp;Donglin Duan,&nbsp;Yi Zhong,&nbsp;Haojiong Lin,&nbsp;Gang Liu,&nbsp;Ye Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminum wire mesh-reinforced CFRP I-beams combine the low density and high stiffness of CFRP with the plastic buffering capacity of aluminum wire mesh. However, variations in web height and impact energy lead to an incomplete understanding of the repeated-impact damage behavior of such hybrid structures. To address this issue, low-velocity-impact tests were conducted on composite I-beams with different structural parameters. The results reveal that aluminum mesh embedding significantly enhances impact resistance and reduces structural damage, while larger mesh thickness and reduced web height further improve impact performance. Consequently, specimens reinforced with the densest and thickest aluminum mesh exhibit peak impact force increases of 18.6% and 14.5% under repeated impacts compared with conventional CFRP I-beams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100758"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148565158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of orientation angle on oil film stability in composite rotor-sliding bearing system","authors":"Mo Yang,&nbsp;Qirong Peng,&nbsp;Tao Qin,&nbsp;Yikun Wang,&nbsp;Yuebin Zhou,&nbsp;Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomc.2026.100781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates a rotor system composed of a composite rotor and sliding bearings. Based on the composite Layer-wise theory and the Capone bearing oil-film force model, the dynamic equations of the rotor system are established. The dynamic characteristics of the composite rotor under nonlinear oil-film force are analyzed from both time-domain and frequency-domain perspectives. Experimental tests on the vibration of the composite rotor system are conducted, and the results demonstrate a high consistency between the experimental and numerical results in terms of frequency-domain features, verifying the accuracy of the nonlinear dynamic model of the composite rotor-bearing system. Furthermore, the effects of the orientation angle variations in the composite rotor on oil-film stability are investigated. The results indicate that the layup parameters significantly influence the critical speeds for oil whirl and whip instability. Increasing the proportion of 0° layers in the composite shaft tube helps to improve the critical speed for oil whirl instability. And increasing the proportions of 0° and 45° layers can enhance the critical speed for oil whip instability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34525,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part C Open Access","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100781"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148634873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}