Environmental Science and Ecotechnology最新文献_第4页

Green prompt engineering for sustainable generative AI 可持续生成人工智能的绿色提示工程

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100684

Sanjay Podder, Hema Date, Shankar Murthy

{"title":"Green prompt engineering for sustainable generative AI","authors":"Sanjay Podder, Hema Date, Shankar Murthy","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prompt engineering involves manual design and optimization of text-based instructions or queries, enabling precise control over outputs generated by pre-trained large language models (LLMs) and ensuring alignment with desired responses. However, substantial computational costs and energy footprint of prompt inferencing process remain critical challenges while building generative AI applications. The energy efficiency of LLM inferences is particularly impacted by suboptimal prompts, which may require multiple iterations, thereby escalating energy consumption and the associated carbon footprint. To address these challenges, we propose a series of practices and guidelines designed to enhance the likelihood of obtaining desired responses from LLMs with minimal reiterations. Empirical evaluation demonstrates that, across a range of LLMs and test scenarios, energy consumption and corresponding operational greenhouse gas emissions were reduced by 32–48% when best practices were applied. Drawing upon these insights, our proposed best practices can be seamlessly integrated into the design frameworks of generative AI applications, thereby enhancing the energy efficiency of prompt inferencing. By addressing the challenge of establishing a cohesive framework for energy-efficient prompt design and inferencing, this paper advocates for the sustainable and effective deployment of generative AI technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100684"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147540236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Host metabolic integration enables superior polystyrene degradation in cockroaches 寄主代谢整合使蟑螂具有优越的聚苯乙烯降解能力

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100679

Mei-Xi Li , Yu-Qian Wang , Jia-Yi Wang , Meng-Qi Ding , Shan-Shan Yang , Jie Ding , Wei-Min Wu

{"title":"Host metabolic integration enables superior polystyrene degradation in cockroaches","authors":"Mei-Xi Li , Yu-Qian Wang , Jia-Yi Wang , Meng-Qi Ding , Shan-Shan Yang , Jie Ding , Wei-Min Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic pollution is a global crisis, with polystyrene (PS) among the most recalcitrant polymers owing to its stable aromatic structure and resistance to natural degradation. Although insect larvae such as mealworms and wax moth caterpillars can partially biodegrade PS through gut microbiota, reported rates remain low (0.08–0.24 mg per individual per day). The potential of cockroaches—with more stable gut microbiomes, longer lifespans, and greater biomass—for efficient, scalable plastic bioremediation has remained unexplored. Here we show that <em>Blaptica dubia</em> cockroaches rapidly biodegrade PS microplastics via a tightly integrated host–microbiota enzymatic network. Individuals ingested 6.0 ± 0.2 mg PS daily, achieving 54.9 ± 2.3% mass loss over 42 days and a specific biodegradation rate of 3.3 ± 0.1 mg per cockroach per day. Biodegradation was confirmed by substantial molecular-weight reductions (Mn 46.4%, Mw 25.9%) and isotopic mineralization signatures. PS exposure selectively enriched plastic-degrading taxa and enzymes while strongly upregulating host fatty-acid β-oxidation and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways, enabling the host to directly metabolize microbial cleavage products and reconstruct a complete PS catabolic pathway. These findings reveal that <em>B. dubia</em> can far outperform other insects in plastic biodegradation through evolved metabolic cooperation, expanding the biological repertoire for tackling persistent anthropogenic polymers and offering new insight into insect adaptation to synthetic substrates in the Anthropocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100679"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rhizosphere accelerates breakdown of large biodegradable microplastics in soil 根际加速土壤中大型可生物降解微塑料的分解

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100678

Kailin Gong , Cheng Peng , Xiaoyi Chen , Li Cai , Wei Zhang

{"title":"Rhizosphere accelerates breakdown of large biodegradable microplastics in soil","authors":"Kailin Gong , Cheng Peng , Xiaoyi Chen , Li Cai , Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The expanding deployment of biodegradable mulch films in global agriculture aims to mitigate persistent plastic pollution, yet the fate of resulting biodegradable microplastics (BMPs) in soil ecosystems remains poorly characterized. Although these materials are engineered for mineralization, their breakdown rates under realistic field conditions vary substantially, and plant roots fundamentally alter soil biogeochemistry through rhizodeposition and microbial recruitment. Whether the biochemically complex rhizosphere environment accelerates or retards BMP degradation, and how degradation byproducts accumulate, represents a critical knowledge gap for assessing the environmental safety of biodegradable agricultural plastics. Here we show that the soybean rhizosphere exhibits size-selective effects on poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) microplastic (PBAT–MP) degradation. Large particles (998.7 ± 74.6 μm) degrade significantly faster than in bulk soil, whereas small particles (145.6 ± 3.1 μm) remain largely protected within soil aggregates over a 70-day growth cycle. Advanced quantitative proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis reveals preferential hydrolysis of aliphatic adipate units, resulting in greater accumulation of degradation monomers in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil. Microbial community profiling identifies enrichment of Proteobacteria—particularly <em>Bradyrhizobium</em> and <em>Ramlibacter</em> genera—linked to PBAT hydrolysis and metabolite utilization, alongside increased microbial biomass and altered soil carbon pools. These findings challenge the prevailing assumption that biodegradable mulches degrade uniformly and benignly under agricultural conditions. Rhizosphere-relevant assessment criteria are essential for evaluating the true environmental safety of biodegradable plastics in agricultural systems, with broader implications for sustainable soil management and plastic pollution mitigation strategies worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100678"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147423944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological adaptations of cavefish support enhanced hydrodynamic perception for underwater environmental monitoring 洞穴鱼的形态适应支持增强水下环境监测的水动力感知。

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100677

Qi Yang , Qirui Liu , Yuling Wei , Chubin Weng , Li Ma , He Tian , Fang Zhang , Kenneth A. Rose , William R. Jeffery , Mengzhen Xu

{"title":"Morphological adaptations of cavefish support enhanced hydrodynamic perception for underwater environmental monitoring","authors":"Qi Yang , Qirui Liu , Yuling Wei , Chubin Weng , Li Ma , He Tian , Fang Zhang , Kenneth A. Rose , William R. Jeffery , Mengzhen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many of Earth's most biodiverse and biogeochemically active aquatic ecosystems—including groundwater karst systems, turbid estuaries and the deep ocean—are perpetually dark and hydraulically complex, making long-term, high-resolution monitoring technologically challenging. Conventional optical and acoustic sensors suffer rapid signal attenuation and high energy demand in these conditions. Cavefishes of the genus <em>Sinocyclocheilus</em>, which inhabit lightless subterranean waters, have evolved distinctive cranial morphologies—a duckbilled head, dorsal horn and hump—hypothesized to enhance hydrodynamic perception. Here we show, by combining vital staining of neuromasts with validated computational fluid dynamics simulations across a morphological series of <em>Sinocyclocheilus</em> species, that these structures dramatically amplify differential pressure signals (by up to 429.8%) and near-wall velocity gradients (by up to 69.2%) while extending perceptual range. Regions of maximal hydrodynamic variation predicted by the models closely match the observed distribution of canal and superficial neuromasts, revealing a clear biomimetic design principle: sensors should be positioned where flow-field gradients are strongest. These findings establish a quantitative, evolution-guided framework for optimizing artificial lateral line (ALL) sensor arrays, enabling autonomous underwater vehicles to perform energy-efficient, high-fidelity monitoring in some of the planet's most sensitive and data-scarce aquatic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100677"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147310870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant-level carbon accounting of China's pulp and paper industry via multimodal fusion 通过多模态融合对中国纸浆和造纸工业的工厂级碳核算

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100682

Song Hu , Huaqing Qi , Zifei Wang , Xiaoyu Wu , Yulin Han , Yi Man

{"title":"Plant-level carbon accounting of China's pulp and paper industry via multimodal fusion","authors":"Song Hu , Huaqing Qi , Zifei Wang , Xiaoyu Wu , Yulin Han , Yi Man","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-scale industrial carbon accounting is critical for developing targeted emission-reduction policies. However, most assessments of carbon-intensive sectors rely on aggregate statistics, which obscure significant heterogeneity among individual plants. China's pulp and paper industry (PPI), the largest globally, encompasses diverse production processes, raw material inputs, and emission sources. Existing accounting frameworks rely on statistical data and average emission factors within poorly defined system boundaries, which prevents differentiation at the individual plant level. Here, we propose a multimodal data fusion framework that integrates high-resolution remote-sensing imagery with plant textual data to capture structural and operational characteristics undetectable by any single data modality. Applied to 720 pulping and papermaking plants across China, the framework achieves R<sup>2</sup> values of up to 0.96 across five plant types and estimates total sectoral carbon emissions at 163.6 million tonnes of CO<sub>2</sub> in 2022, with pronounced regional disparities concentrated in eastern coastal provinces. Analysis of functional-zone contributions further reveals that wastewater treatment areas are a consistent cross-category emission driver, and that just 5% of high-emission plants account for approximately 43% of sectoral emissions—a skewed structure that demands differentiated regulatory intervention. Incorporating regional solar radiation data, rooftop photovoltaic deployment is projected to reduce annual PPI emissions by up to 10.3%, with primary-fiber pulp plants offering the greatest mitigation leverage. Beyond China's PPI, this scalable, data-driven approach provides a transferable blueprint for granular, plant-level carbon accounting in other heterogeneous heavy industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100682"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147423946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extracellular vesicles drive stress-induced antibiotic resistance spread in soil 细胞外囊泡驱动应力诱导的抗生素耐药性在土壤中传播

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100681

Yi-Fei Qin , Wan-Rong Zhang , Lu Wang , Yi-Fei Wang , Da Lin , Tian-Gui Cai , Hong-Zhe Li , Qian-Sheng Huang , Matthias C. Rillig , Dong Zhu

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles drive stress-induced antibiotic resistance spread in soil","authors":"Yi-Fei Qin , Wan-Rong Zhang , Lu Wang , Yi-Fei Wang , Da Lin , Tian-Gui Cai , Hong-Zhe Li , Qian-Sheng Huang , Matthias C. Rillig , Dong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance threatens millions of lives annually, yet its acceleration by non-antibiotic pollutants remains poorly understood. Artificial sweeteners, now ubiquitous in soils and waters, are known individually to promote conjugative transfer of resistance genes, but real environments contain complex mixtures whose collective impact is unknown. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by stressed bacteria serve as protected, long-range vectors for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), yet whether sweetener diversity modulates this pathway has never been tested. Here we show that increasing artificial-sweetener diversity dramatically enriches ARGs, virulence factors and mobile genetic elements inside soil-derived Evs, driving compositional shifts in 30.5% of EV-associated genera while leaving the bulk microbiome largely undisturbed. EVs originate from a small, fast-growing Pseudomonadota subset that upregulates vesicle-biogenesis genes in response to oxidative and membrane stress; these vesicles selectively package chromosomal resistance traits and transfer phenotypic resistance to recipient <em>Escherichia coli</em>. This stress-induced decoupling reveals EVs as rapid, hidden mediators of resistome mobilization that community-level surveys miss. By demonstrating that pollutant diversity itself drives resistance dissemination through nanoscale vectors, our findings establish EVs as a critical new indicator within the One Health framework and call for revised environmental risk models that account for chemical complexity rather than single-compound exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100681"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147381543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanoplastics amplify 6PPD ocular toxicity in zebrafish 纳米塑料增强斑马鱼的6PPD眼毒性

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100657

Jian Lin , Dongliang Pan , Xingxing Chen , Minyan Xu , Yangfan Zhu , Yi Zheng , Yang Song , Jiangfei Chen

{"title":"Nanoplastics amplify 6PPD ocular toxicity in zebrafish","authors":"Jian Lin , Dongliang Pan , Xingxing Chen , Minyan Xu , Yangfan Zhu , Yi Zheng , Yang Song , Jiangfei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoplastics and tire-derived chemicals are ubiquitous co-pollutants in aquatic environments, originating from road runoff and posing potential risks to vertebrate development through enhanced bioavailability and synergistic toxicity. Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS) can adsorb hydrophobic organics like the antioxidant N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), acting as vectors that increase tissue accumulation and exacerbate oxidative stress, while 6PPD alone disrupts mitochondrial function and induces sublethal effects in exposed organisms. The vertebrate eye, with its direct environmental exposure and sensitive neural structures, is particularly vulnerable, yet the combined impact of PS and 6PPD on visual morphogenesis remains underexplored. Here we show that co-exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of PS (1 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) and 6PPD (0.1–0.8 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) markedly potentiates ocular toxicity compared to individual exposures, manifesting as myopia-like malformations, increased cell death, and impaired phototaxis. We integrated phenotypic, histological, and multi-omics analyses using zebrafish embryos as a model. Our results show PS-enhanced bioaccumulation of 6PPD in ocular tissues, leading to severe lens and retinal damage, aberrant vascularization, disrupted myelination, and dysregulated pathways including serine proteolysis, retinoic acid metabolism, and ferroptosis-linked oxidative stress. These findings demonstrate nanoplastic-chemical interactions as an emerging threat to aquatic visual function, with implications for survival behaviors and broader ecosystem health under pervasive pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial spillovers and nonlinear drivers of water-supply carbon emissions in China 中国供水碳排放的空间溢出效应与非线性驱动因素

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100665

Long Jiang , Zongzhi Wang , Yong Jiang , Kun Wang , Liang Cheng

{"title":"Spatial spillovers and nonlinear drivers of water-supply carbon emissions in China","authors":"Long Jiang , Zongzhi Wang , Yong Jiang , Kun Wang , Liang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water supply systems are critical components of urban infrastructure and significant contributors to global carbon emissions. These systems face an emerging challenge in balancing the increasing demands of water security with international climate mitigation goals. To combat water scarcity, many regions have transitioned toward energy-intensive water sources such as inter-basin water transfer and desalination, which significantly increase electricity-dependent indirect emissions. Concurrently, the global shift toward clean energy in electricity generation has provided a crucial mechanism for mitigating these emissions. However, the complex interactions among shifting water-source mixes, energy transitions, and socioeconomic drivers remain poorly understood, often obscuring the effectiveness of decarbonization strategies. Existing quantification frameworks frequently overlook the spatial spillover effects of economic development and the risk that new water security strategies will offset decarbonization gains. Here we show that China's carbon emissions from water-supply processes rose to 228 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> yr<sup>−1</sup> by 2022, despite initial declines driven by clean energy expansion. Using a three-stage quantification–decomposition–attribution framework, we find that while economic development generally suppresses emission in neighboring regions via technology diffusion, it exhibits a national U-shaped relationship with carbon output. Crucially, central China displays an inverted U-shaped pattern, suggesting a localized risk of high-carbon lock-in as industries and water demands shift. These findings reveal a critical paradox in the water–energy–carbon nexus where water security measures may inadvertently undermine climate targets. Our results advocate for integrated regional governance and differentiated policy interventions to safeguard both water and climate stability in rapidly developing regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scaled decentralization for sustainable wastewater treatment in high-density cities 高密度城市可持续污水处理的规模化分散化

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100664

Aliya Abulimiti , Boxuan Wang , Xiuheng Wang , Nanqi Ren

{"title":"Scaled decentralization for sustainable wastewater treatment in high-density cities","authors":"Aliya Abulimiti , Boxuan Wang , Xiuheng Wang , Nanqi Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable urban wastewater management requires systems that effectively remove pollutants while enabling resource recovery and diminishing environmental impacts. In high-density cities, conventional centralized treatment plants often entail long conveyance distances, high pumping energy, and substantial methane emissions from widespread communal septic tanks, compounded by stringent effluent standards. Scaled decentralized systems (SDSs)—distributed facilities integrated into existing sewer networks—offer potential advantages through reduced transport and localized recovery, yet their performance across scales, technologies, and recovery strategies remains poorly quantified. Here we show that SDSs featuring 20,000 m<sup>3</sup> d<sup>−1</sup> moving-bed biofilm reactor plants with combined water reuse and additional heat-pump energy recovery achieve the lowest life-cycle environmental impacts and costs. We applied whole-system life-cycle assessment and cost analysis of 29 scenarios treating 100,000 m<sup>3</sup> d<sup>−1</sup> of wastewater in a city in China. These configurations reduce global warming potential by up to 52.5 % relative to an optimized centralized benchmark, owing to shorter sewers that preserve influent carbon for biological denitrification, elimination of external carbon dosing, and efficient dual recovery; upstream septic tanks, however, contribute 24–47 % of total warming potential, highlighting a key trade-off. These findings demonstrate that carefully scaled decentralization, paired with robust biofilm technology and integrated recovery, provides a superior pathway for sustainable wastewater infrastructure in dense urban settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100664"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

OVOCs drive radical cycling and ozone formation in background air OVOCs驱动本底空气中的自由基循环和臭氧形成

IF 14.3 1区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2026.100659

Enyu Xiong , Hai Guo , Tzung-May Fu , Xiaopu Lyu , Yu Wang , Beining Zhou , Men Xia , Zhouxing Zou , Qi Yuan , Jin Yang , Kit Ying Shek , Jiongkai Chen , Tianci Jiang , Wei Tao , Aoxing Zhang , Wang Xiang , Shuncheng Lee , Tao Wang

{"title":"OVOCs drive radical cycling and ozone formation in background air","authors":"Enyu Xiong , Hai Guo , Tzung-May Fu , Xiaopu Lyu , Yu Wang , Beining Zhou , Men Xia , Zhouxing Zou , Qi Yuan , Jin Yang , Kit Ying Shek , Jiongkai Chen , Tianci Jiang , Wei Tao , Aoxing Zhang , Wang Xiang , Shuncheng Lee , Tao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2026.100659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface ozone pollution is a critical global environmental challenge driven by the complex, nonlinear photochemical cycling of RO<strong><sub><em>x</em></sub></strong> radicals (OH + HO<sub>2</sub> + RO<sub>2</sub>). Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are central to these cycles as both radical sources and sinks, yet their quantitative impact on regional radical budgets remains poorly understood due to historical limitations in ambient measurements. This knowledge gap hinders the accurate prediction of persistent ozone exceedances. Here we show that constraining atmospheric models with a broad suite of 23 OVOCs—specifically reactive dicarbonyls—is essential for the accurate simulation of radical chemistry in southern China's background air through comprehensive field observations and photochemical modeling. We find that models constrained with only the three most common OVOCs (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone) overestimate hydroxyl radical concentrations by 50 %–100 %, whereas comprehensive constraints align simulations with observations. This discrepancy is caused by complex offsetting errors, including the severe overestimation of isoprene-derived intermediates and the significant underestimation of secondary biacetyl production. Our results reveal that photolysis of the measured OVOCs contributes 49 %–61 % of total RO<strong><sub><em>x</em></sub></strong> production, with species such as methylglyoxal and biacetyl playing unexpectedly dominant roles in driving ozone formation. These findings highlight critical deficiencies in current chemical mechanisms and demonstrate that high-resolution monitoring of reactive OVOC intermediates is vital for developing effective emission control strategies to mitigate persistent regional ozone pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100659"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0