Endocrine and Metabolic Science最新文献

{"title":"Association between dyslipidemia and elevated liver enzymes: A cross-sectional study from the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study","authors":"Milad Shahdkar ,&nbsp;Mahdi Orang Goorabzarmakhi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Shafizadeh ,&nbsp;Farahnaz Joukar ,&nbsp;Saman Maroufizadeh ,&nbsp;Niloofar Faraji ,&nbsp;Tahereh Zeinali ,&nbsp;Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dyslipidemia is associated with several health complications that put a heavy burden on the healthcare system and society due to its adverse outcomes. Abnormal lipid profile is known to cause complications in hepatic systems. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of elevated liver enzymes with dyslipidemia and its components in the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies (PERSIAN) Guilan Cohort study (PGCS) population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted on data from 10,520 participants in PGCS, Guilan province, Iran. The demographic data and clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded. Lipid profile of the participants, including total cholesterol (Chol), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL); and liver enzymes levels including alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT, AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 16 based on a significant level &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 10,520 participants, 53.6 % (<em>n</em> = 5633) were female, and 36.6 % were aged 45–54. The mean BMI of the participants was 28.14 kg/m². The prevalence of alcohol consumption, fatty liver disease, hepatitis, lipid-lowering medication use, and hepatotoxic drug use were 13.3 %, 0.6 %, 0.3 %, 15.1 %, and 16.5 %, respectively. Abnormal levels of Chol, TG, LDL, HDL, ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP were reported in 40.3 %, 43.1 %, 29.0 %,41.5 %, 19.4 %, 4.6 %, 11.6 %, and 5.1 % individuals, respectively. Dyslipidemia significantly increased the likelihood of elevated ALT, AST, and GGT (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), but showed no statistically significant association with elevated ALP (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). High Chol, TG, and LDL were strongly associated with elevated liver enzymes, particularly ALT and GGT, while low HDL was less impactful.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results underscore the significant impact of lipid abnormalities on liver function tests, especially for ALT and GGT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of high fructose intake on systemic and cognitive health across developmental stages: A review","authors":"Zinhle Mvelase ,&nbsp;Mluleki Luvuno ,&nbsp;Musa V. Mabandla","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overconsumption of fructose is a significant medical concern due to its potential adverse effects. In this review article, we critically examine the repercussions of high fructose exposure to increase awareness about the adverse impact of fructose on memory and learning performance, metabolic and systematic parameters with a particular focus on how these manifestations differ among adolescents, children and adults. Chronic intake of high-fructose diets has been consistently associated with impairments in learning and memory functions. These deficits in memory function have been linked to disruptions in insulin signalling pathways in the brain. Scientific evidence further highlights that high fructose intake is attributed to the development of kidney diseases, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular complications, and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Despite extensive research on fructose's metabolic effects, there are still gaps in understanding its impact on cognitive function and systemic health across different developmental stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of visceral fat rating, measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, for screening metabolic syndrome in patients diagnosed with obesity in Vietnam","authors":"Chi Khanh Hoang ,&nbsp;Thang Viet Tran ,&nbsp;Hieu Ngoc Thi Tran ,&nbsp;Bao Hoang Le ,&nbsp;Tat Thang Dinh Ngo ,&nbsp;Mai Ngoc Thi Tran ,&nbsp;Luong Dai Ly ,&nbsp;Diem Ngoc Thi Nguyen ,&nbsp;Duy Le Nguyen ,&nbsp;Nam Quang Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly among patients with obesity. This study aimed to establish diagnostic visceral fat rating (VFR) cut-off values using non-invasive bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to screen for MetS in patients with obesity in Vietnam.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This multicenter, cross-sectional study recruited patients with obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m²) ≥18 years of age from outpatient clinics at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City and My Duc General Hospital (Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam) between July 2023 and January 2024. MetS was diagnosed based on joint consensus criteria from the International Diabetes Federation, American Heart Association, and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 502 patients with obesity (86 % diagnosed with MetS), were included. VFR was significantly higher in obese patients with MetS (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The optimal VFR cut-off for predicting MetS in patients with obesity was 10, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.7 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.61–0.80) for males and 0.74 (95 % CI 0.64–0.84) for females. Stratified analysis according to sex and obesity class revealed that VFR demonstrated the highest predictive utility for MetS in females (AUC 0.83) and males (AUC 0.76) with class I obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>VFR was a useful screening tool for MetS, particularly among females with class I obesity. Assessing VFR using BIA may facilitate early detection and prompt intervention to reduce risk for the development of cardiometabolic diseases before further invasive diagnostic procedures are considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of periostin in postmenopausal thyroid patients: A prospective case-control study","authors":"Ashok Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Saba Faruqui ,&nbsp;Ambika Nand Jha","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the relationship between periostin in postmenopausal hypothyroid women.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A prospective case-control study was conducted at Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS) Hospital, Agamkuan, Patna, India. The study includes 38 postmenopausal hypothyroid women as case and 38 healthy women as control. Demographic details and anthropometric measurements were included. Biochemical parameters like triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), calcitonin, calcium, phosphorous, creatinine and albumin were determined. Serum periostin level was measured in case as well as in control subjects. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 was used to perform statistical analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences were noted in hip circumference (HC), waist hip ratio (WHR), white blood cells (WBC), T3, TSH, creatinine, calcium, phosphorous, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and periostin levels between hypothyroid and euthyroid patients. Euthyroid patients had lower TSH and higher T3 levels, while periostin was higher in hypothyroid subjects. Correlation analysis showed periostin shows positive correlation with height and WBC, and negative correlation with T3, T4, and creatinine. Whereas, TSH shows positive correlation with creatinine in hypothyroid cases and shows negative correlation with weight and body mass index (BMI).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hypothyroid patients observed with higher serum periostin levels in comparison to euthyroid individuals. Further research on periostin in large population is required in hypothyroid cases along with bone mineral density (BMD) to be explored as a possible biomarker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rikkunshito prevents blood glucose intolerance in rats undergoing distal pancreatectomy","authors":"Hiroshi Kono,&nbsp;Hidetake Amemiya,&nbsp;Naohiro Hosomura,&nbsp;Daisuke Ichikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>After pancreatic surgery, impaired glucose tolerance may occur as a consequence of surgery, which has the potential to predispose a patient to diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study investigated the effects of rikkunshito (TJ-43) on incretin hormones and blood glucose tolerance in rats undergoing distal pancreatectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Rats undergoing distal pancreatectomy were fed diets containing TJ-43 [TJ-43(+) group] or not containing TJ-43 [TJ-43(−) group]. The plasma incretin hormone levels, including gastrointestinal polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1), were measured. Furthermore, the expression of incretin hormones in the gastrointestinal tract and insulin in the pancreas was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were assessed using the oral glucose tolerance test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The plasma GIP and GLP-1 levels markedly increased in the TJ-43(+) group compared with those in the TJ-43(−) group. GIP and GLP-1 expressions were enhanced in the stomach and small intestine by TJ-43 treatment, respectively. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the increasing blood glucose levels observed in the TJ-43(−) group were reduced in the TJ-43(+) group by increases in plasma insulin levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results show that TJ-43 may improve blood glucose tolerance in patients undergoing pancreatic surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Core tips</h3><div>This study investigated the effects of rikkunshito (TJ-43) on the secretion of incretin hormones, including gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1, and blood glucose tolerance in rats undergoing distal pancreatectomy. TJ-43 markedly increased the secretion of incretin hormones. As a result, TJ-43 increased blood insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance. Thus, TJ-43 may have benefits after pancreatic surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IPSS does not impact management in Cushing's Disease when a pituitary tumor is visible on MRI","authors":"Michelle D. Lundholm ,&nbsp;Kevin M. Pantalone ,&nbsp;Pratibha PR Rao ,&nbsp;Amir H. Hamrahian ,&nbsp;Varun R. Kshettry ,&nbsp;Pablo Recinos ,&nbsp;Divya Yogi-Morren","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>There is controversy surrounding the value of inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) in Cushing's Disease (CD) when there is a visible pituitary lesion on pre-operative imaging. This study compares lateralization results between IPSS and pituitary MRI against surgical localization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective chart review was conducted at a tertiary referral center on patients with pathology-confirmed CD between 2003 and 2022, with unilateral pituitary tumor on MRI, and successful pre-operative bilateral IPSS. Bilateral sellar exploration was performed surgically in all cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 32 patients included, all had IPSS results consistent with CD and all lateralized. The median age at diagnosis was 43 years (range 23–69 years) and 88 % were female (<em>N</em> = 28). The median tumor size on MRI was 5 mm (range 3–12 mm). Prolactin adjustment was performed in the interpretation of IPSS in 30 cases (94 %). MRI correctly lateralized 31 tumors (97 %), whereas IPSS correctly lateralized 27 tumors (84 %). Of the 6 cases where MRI and IPSS disagreed on laterality, the operative report was consistent with MRI lateralization in 4 of 6 cases, and midline disease in the remaining 2 cases. There were no cases where IPSS lateralization was correct when MRI lateralization was incorrect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>When a tumor is visible on MRI (≥3 mm), IPSS does not add to the accuracy of determining tumor lateralization. Therefore, IPSS does not add to the diagnostic nor therapeutic management for patients with biochemical testing consistent with CD and visible tumor on MRI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive value of the TG/HDL index for metabolic syndrome and its components: A cross-sectional study in the PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Population","authors":"Amirali Ebrahimi ,&nbsp;Farahnaz Joukar ,&nbsp;Kourosh Mojtahedi ,&nbsp;Saman Maroufizadeh ,&nbsp;Soheil Hassanipour ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Naghipour ,&nbsp;Mehrnaz Asgharnezhad ,&nbsp;Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global health concern linked to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio has emerged as a promising biomarker for MetS due to its strong correlation with insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia. However, its utility in Middle Eastern populations, particularly in Iran, remains underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the association between the TG/HDL-C ratio and MetS in the Guilan Cohort Study (GCS), a population-based survey in northern Iran, and to identify sex-specific cutoff values for MetS prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional analysis included 10,520 adults aged 35–70 from the GCS. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical studies. MetS was defined using NCEP ATP-III criteria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive performance of the TG/HDL-C ratio, and logistic regression models were employed to examine its association with MetS, adjusting for confounders such as age, gender, BMI, and lifestyle factors.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The overall prevalence of MetS was 41.8 %, with significant gender disparities (56.3 % in women vs. 25.0 % in men). Central obesity (58.0 %) and dyslipidemia were highly prevalent, particularly among women. The TG/HDL-C ratio demonstrated strong predictive power for MetS, with AUC values of 0.828 for men and 0.832 for women. Sex-specific optimal cutoffs were identified at 3.42 (men) and 2.80 (women), with high sensitivity (83.6 % and 72.2 %) and specificity (69.0 % and 80.9 %). Logistic regression revealed a significant association between the TG/HDL-C ratio and MetS risk, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.49 (men) and 3.02 (women) per unit increase.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The TG/HDL-C ratio is a robust and cost-effective biomarker for predicting MetS, particularly in resource-limited settings. The study highlights significant gender disparities in MetS prevalence and risk factors, underscoring the need for gender-tailored interventions. These findings support the integration of the TG/HDL-C ratio into routine clinical practice for early detection and management of MetS. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and multiethnic validation to further establish the ratio's applicability across diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating complications and mortality in patients with post-surgical chronic hypoparathyroidism in England: A retrospective matched cohort study","authors":"Narendra L. Reddy ,&nbsp;Caoimhe T. Rice ,&nbsp;Sara J. Carvalho ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Davidson ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Glenister ,&nbsp;Christopher T. Sibley ,&nbsp;Alden R. Smith ,&nbsp;Wahidullah Noori","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The clinical burden of post-surgical chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) in England is not well established. This study compared the risks of complications and mortality between patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT and patients without HypoPT in England.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective, matched cohort study was conducted using linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics death registrations. The study period was 2007–2020. Patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT were matched on age, gender, and primary care registration time to patients without HypoPT. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to compare the risks of complications and mortality between patient groups. Regression models were adjusted for potential confounding variables where possible.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 215 patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT (median follow-up 4.5 years) and 2149 patients without HypoPT (median follow-up 5.2 years). Compared to patients without HypoPT, patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT had higher adjusted risks of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85–4.51, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001) and composite renal complications (adjusted HR 4.10, 95% CI 2.25–7.46, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). Patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT also had higher unadjusted risks of cardiovascular complications, cataracts, infection, mental health complications, seizure, symptomatic hypocalcaemia, and symptomatic hypercalcaemia than patients without HypoPT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In England, patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT had a three-fold increased risk of mortality and a four-fold increased risk of renal complications compared to patients without HypoPT. Novel treatments for HypoPT are needed to reduce this clinical burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of depressive symptoms and their association with diabetes self-care among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Jouf Region, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Hatem Mohammed Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman F. Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Abdullah Nasser Q. AlMuqawed ,&nbsp;Saleh Mohammed Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Radhi Nasser Alkubaidan ,&nbsp;Tariq Mohaimeed Altaymani ,&nbsp;Muharib Alruwaili ,&nbsp;Maily J. Alrowily ,&nbsp;Msaad Alzahrani ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alzahrani","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a global health problem. Cognitive and emotional aspects, such as depressive symptoms, influence patients' ability to engage in self-care and maintain optimal diabetes management.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To determine the frequency of depressive symptoms and their association with diabetes self-care, as well as related demographic and clinical characteristics, among patients with T2DM in the Jouf region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending diabetes clinics at regional health centers in Jouf, Saudi Arabia. Participants completed validated Arabic versions of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depressive symptoms and the 16-item Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) to assess self-care behaviors. Demographic, clinical, and metabolic data (BMI, HbA1c, lipid profile) were extracted. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Spearman correlations, chi-square tests, and logistic regression using SPSS v25.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final sample included 283 patients (mean age 56 ± 11 years; 61.5 % female). Clinically significant depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) were reported in 39.9 % of participants. DSMQ self-care classification showed 0.7 % with poor, 67.5 % with moderate, and 31.8 % with good self-care. Depression scores were inversely correlated with DSMQ scores (<em>r</em> = −0.469, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Multivariate regression identified family history of diabetes (OR = 6.24; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), lower DSMQ scores (OR = 0.52; p &lt; 0.001), and combination therapy with OHAs plus insulin (OR = 0.39; <em>p</em> = 0.007) as significant predictors of depressive symptoms. Elevated triglycerides were marginally associated (<em>p</em> = 0.051).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Depressive symptoms are common among patients with T2DM and strongly associated with poorer diabetes self-care. Screening, education programs, and integrated care models that combine metabolic and psychological interventions are essential to improve outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive effects of prepubertal exposure to 35 % carbamide peroxide in female Wistar rats","authors":"Olugbemi T. Olaniyan ,&nbsp;Olorunsola I. Adeyomoye ,&nbsp;Femi Adebayo ,&nbsp;Charles O. Adetunji ,&nbsp;Gloria Okotie","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbamide peroxide is a tooth-whitening agent present in home-based products or carefully applied by dental health professionals. It has been shown to cause several adverse reactions however, its effects on the development of reproductive organs and functions have not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to investigate prepubertal exposure of 35 % carbamide peroxide on ovary and uterine development in female Wistar rats. Twenty (20) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (<em>n</em> = 5/group) as follow; group 1 served as control, groups 2, 3 and 4 received 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg of 35 % carbamide peroxide respectively. Treatments were orally administered for 21 days. Body, ovary and uterus weights were determined using weighing scale. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol and progesterone were determined using ELISA method. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was assessed using spectrophotometry procedure. Estrous cycle was monitored using microscopic examination of vaginal smear. Histological assessment of the ovary and uterus were done using hematoxylin-eosin stain. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, expressed as Mean ± S.E.M., at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05. Results showed significant decrease in ovary and uterus weights and estradiol in 500 mg/kg carbamide peroxide group compared to control. Malondialdehyde increased significantly while AMH, LH, FSH, progesterone decreased significantly in 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg carbamide peroxide compared to control. There was significant decrease in frequencies of proestrous and estrous phases in 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg carbamide peroxide compared to their pre-exposure values. The ovary showed decrease in primordial follicles while the uterus showed uterine perforations in 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg compared to control. Oral administration of carbamide peroxide decreases ovary and uterus weights, luteinizing hormones, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, primordial follicles, proestrous and estrous phases of estrous cycle. These indicate that 35 % carbamide peroxide induce toxicity and decrease the potentials of the reproductive organs for fertilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145323277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}