Endocrine and Metabolic Science最新文献

{"title":"Micro-RNA in bone inhibition: A critical scoping review","authors":"Arif Tri Prasetyo ,&nbsp;Lisa Y. Hasibuan ,&nbsp;Ronny Lesmana ,&nbsp;David K. Chong ,&nbsp;Bejo Ropii ,&nbsp;Dany Hilmanto","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone formation is governed by a complex regulatory network in which osteoblast differentiation and activity are tightly controlled by transcriptional, epigenetic, metabolic, and mechanical cues. Among these regulatory layers, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical post-transcriptional modulators that fine-tune osteogenic signaling. Increasing evidence demonstrates that a distinct subset of miRNAs functions as potent endogenous inhibitors of bone formation by directly targeting essential osteogenic genes, including RUNX2, ATF4, SMADs, β-catenin, BMP receptors, and mitochondrial regulators, and by converging on pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, BMP/Smad, TGF-β, mechanotransduction, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Furthermore, inhibitory miRNAs operate not only within osteoblast lineage cells but also through intercellular communication, particularly via osteoclast- and MSC-derived exosomes that transfer anti-osteogenic miRNAs to recipient cells, thereby coupling resorption to suppressed bone formation. This article curates miRNAs that act as bone-formation inhibitors, providing a reference of their targets, pathways, and outcomes, and highlights their potential translational utility as therapeutic agents in conditions where suppression of bone formation is desirable, such as heterotopic ossification, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, and pathological bone overgrowth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative ophthalmodynamometric pressure in proliferative diabetic retinopathy versus non-diabetic pars plana vitrectomy cases","authors":"Amir Eftekhari Milani,&nbsp;Alireza Javadzadeh,&nbsp;Farideh Mousavi,&nbsp;Roya Nemati,&nbsp;Hesam Sadat Hashemi,&nbsp;Erfan Rezazadeh-Gavgani,&nbsp;Fariborz Brumandpur,&nbsp;Amin Arasteh","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the relationship between proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and ocular hemodynamics by measuring ophthalmodynamometric pressure (ODP) during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and compare the results with non-diabetic, non-vascular vitreoretinal disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 53 patients who underwent PPV under general anesthesia by a single surgeon. One group included 18 individuals with PDR, while the other group included 35 non-diabetic patients with conditions such as rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, macular hole, or epiretinal membrane. We used a vented-gas forced-infusion (VGFI) system to measure ODP during the operation. Systemic diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured simultaneously. Linear mixed-effect models (LMMs) were employed to compare adjusted ODP values.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age of PDR cases and non-vascular vitreoretinal cases was 65.0 and 64.0 years, respectively, without a significant difference. The mean ODP in the PDR group was 47.8 mmHg (95%CI: 44.3–51.3), and the corresponding value in the non-diabetic cases was 46.9 mmHg (95%CI: 43.7–50.0), without any significant difference (<em>p</em> = 0.713). The adjusted ODP values for DBP, SBP, and MAP also showed no significant difference between the groups. The DBP and MAP were substantial predictors of ODP (βs: 0.676 and 0.278, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ODP values may not differ in PDR cases compared with other non-vascular indications of PPV. The DBP is the most crucial predictor of ODP, followed by MAP. The DBP should be more closely monitored during the intraoperative period to decrease the risk of retinal ischemic events during PPV due to excessively reduced ODP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148241397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperglycemia aggravates cardiomyocyte oxidative stress via Caveolin-1/Nrf2/Keap1 signaling axis activation","authors":"Ruiqing Liu ,&nbsp;Xudong Cao ,&nbsp;Zhijuan Fan ,&nbsp;Yaqiong Tian ,&nbsp;Guangru Li ,&nbsp;Yanna Shen ,&nbsp;LiHong Guo ,&nbsp;Jiandong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to severe complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Oxidative stress (OS) is a pivotal pathogenic mechanism contributes to cardiovascular disease in patients with DM. However, the relationship between DCM and OS remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in OS under hyperglycemia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) as an <em>in vitro</em> model to investigate the effects of proteins on high-glucose (HG) -induced OS. We used western blotting, RT-PCR, Co-IP, ROS assay, mitochondrial membrane potential detection, and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, with or without siRNA pretreatment, to conduct our experiments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HG stimulation increased ROS production and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, we found that Cav-1 inhibited the expression of haemoxygenase-1 (Ho-1) by directly interacting with Nrf2 under HG stimulation. Treatment with Cav-1-siRNA significantly enhanced the expression level of Nrf2 and the transcription levels of antioxidant enzymes, which in turn reduced ROS production and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. Notably, Cav-1 also played a role in regulating apoptosis and CK-MB secretion induced by HG stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In summary, our findings, for the first time, suggest that the Cav-1/Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway may be pivotal in the antioxidant system and apoptosis in response to HG stimulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The possible meaning of tissue remodeling in the adrenal gland of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber L.) – in vivo and in vitro chloroquine studies","authors":"Grzegorz Lonc ,&nbsp;Anna Hrabia ,&nbsp;Anna Ptak ,&nbsp;Ummu Gulsum Boztepe ,&nbsp;Karolina Frydrych ,&nbsp;Anna J. Korzekwa ,&nbsp;Dorota Gil ,&nbsp;Marta Zarzycka ,&nbsp;Malgorzata Kotula-Balak","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering the superior physiological role of the adrenal glands in stress reaction and the lack of suitable experimental models or systems, we undertook studies in the largest European rodent, the Eurasian beaver. Emphasis was also put on aquatic pollution (e.g., with chloroquine, CQ). Adrenals were obtained from beaver females, and an adrenocarcinoma cell line (H295R) was exposed to CQ. Immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and immunoenzymatic assay were used for analysis of: (i) steroidogenic enzymes: 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and P450 aromatase, (ii) androgen and estrogen receptors (AR and ER), (iii) metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), (iv) cancer signaling proteins (N-cadherin, and Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase and the Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin AMPK/mTOR) presence/abundance, and (v) androgen and estrogen concentrations. In the adrenal cortex, the localization and similar abundance level of the steroidogenic and receptor proteins, together with comparable concentrations of sex hormones, were revealed. The MMP2 and MMP9 were active and widely distributed. In adrenal cells after CQ, an aromatase decrease (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), an AR decrease (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and an ER increase (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) in abundance, together with a decrease (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) in the level of estrogens, were found. Additionally, CQ increased (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) MMP2, decreased (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) MMP9, and decreased (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) N-cadherin abundance simultaneously with the decreased AMPK/mTOR abundance and phosphorylation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) with an increased (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) ratio of pAMPK T172/AMPK.</div><div>The beaver adrenal cortex may serve as a supplementary, noncanonical model for adrenal physiopathological studies involving environmental contamination, stress response, and tissue remodeling. Possible anticancer estrogen and MMP-driven CQ properties (based on sex hormone signaling/production, N-cadherin, AMPK/mTOR mechanism) need in-depth studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of DWI in Evaluation of Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy","authors":"Omneya Gamaleldin ,&nbsp;Alaa Elkhawalka ,&nbsp;Salah El Din Desouky ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Yahia Allam ,&nbsp;Nermeen Elsebaie","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Assessment of the severity of inflammation is crucial in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) to guide management. Our study aimed to assess the correlation between clinical activity score (CAS) and non-echo planar diffusion-weighted imaging (non-EPI-DWI) of the extraocular muscles (EOMs) in patients with TAO and to determine its additional value in clinical decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>32 consecutive patients with the clinical diagnosis of TAO were prospectively enrolled. Patients who had undergone radiotherapy or surgical decompression, patients who had other orbital pathologies and those with contraindications for MRI were excluded from the study. Finally, twenty patients with TAO were included in the study. There were 10 women and 10 men with a mean age of 37.2 ± 11 years. The clinical activity score was also evaluated. Coronal non-EPI-DWI was obtained and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of extraocular muscles was measured. To calculate correlations of CAS and ADC values, we used a paired Spearman rank correlation coefficient statistical test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 40 non-EPI-DWI scans, 160 extraocular muscles were selected for analysis. There was a significant positive correlation between the CAS and ADC (rs = 0.723; P &lt; 0.001). ADC values were significantly higher in patients with clinical Activity Score ≥ 3 compared with patients with CAS &lt; 3. An ADC value of &gt;1.2 × 10⁻³ mm²/s was found to be the optimal cut off for distinguishing active from inactive patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>EOM-ADC values can be a useful adjunct tool to clinical assessment in detecting inflammatory activity in TAO patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy and agreement of the face-to-face and online Ipswich touch test with 10-gram monofilament test for peripheral neuropathy screening among adult Filipinos with diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study at the University of Santo Tomas Hospital","authors":"Hearty C. Yao,&nbsp;Elaine C. Cunanan,&nbsp;Bien J. Matawaran,&nbsp;Mary Kenette P. Bello","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ipswich touch test (ITT) is a simple, non-invasive test for screening risk of foot ulceration among patients with diabetes which shows similar agreement with monofilament test, however, this has not yet been verified in the local setting.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The primary objective of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy and agreement of face-to-face and online Ipswich touch test compared to 10-g monofilament test as reference standard.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional, observational, analytical, prospective study which screened patients with diabetes for diabetic neuropathy using face-to-face, online Ipswich touch test compared to 10-g monofilament test. The primary endpoints were to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and computed agreement to the 10-g monofilament test of both face-to-face and online ITT.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Two hundred twenty-one patients were included in the study. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio of the online ITT, were 53.21%, 80.36%, 2.71 (95% CI: 1.79 to 4.10) and 0.58 (95% CI: 0.47 to 0.73), respectively. While the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio of the face-to face ITT, 74.31%, 73.21%, 2.77 (95% CI: 2.00 to 3.84) and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.25 to 0.49), respectively. The agreement between the 10-gram monofilament test and the face-to-face ITT was higher, with an observed agreement of 73.76% compared to the observed agreement for the 10-gram monofilament Test and the online ITT which was 66.97%. The overall accuracy of the online ITT in diagnosing peripheral neuropathy was calculated to be 66.97% (95% CI: 60.34% to 73.13%) while the overall accuracy of the F2F ITT was 73.76% (95% CI: 67.43% to 79.43%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The face-to-face ITT exhibited higher sensitivity and specificity, indicating a stronger diagnostic performance in detecting peripheral neuropathy among the study population. Diagnostic accuracy assessment showed that the face-to-face ITT demonstrated a moderate level of agreement with the 10-gram Monofilament Test, surpassing the online ITT, which only achieved a fair agreement level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA variants, copy number and haplogroups in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis in different ethnic population","authors":"Mohammad Shamsher Ali ,&nbsp;Md. Jubaidul Islam ,&nbsp;Akio Ebihara ,&nbsp;A.H.M. Nurun Nabi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibits noticeable ethnic disparities in prevalence, pathophysiology, and treatment response. Nuclear genome-wide association studies explain only a fraction of T2DM heritability. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants, copy number alterations, and haplogroups have been implicated in disease susceptibility, but prior evidence has been inconsistent and population-specific. We systematically searched seven databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, CNKI) from 1998 to 2025, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Qualified studies included investigations of mtDNA variants, copy number, and haplogroups in relation to T2DM. Two authors independently screened, extracted data, and assessed quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Q-Genie tool specific to genetic association studies. Sensitivity analyses were conducted restricting to studies meeting key genetic quality criteria: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium testing, population stratification control, and multiple testing corrections. Random-effects meta-analyses and subgroup analyses were conducted. From a systematic review of 48 studies (comprising of 28,178 participants), we identified 30 studies (24,467 participants) suitable for quantitative meta-analysis. Higher mtDNA copy number has been found to play protective role against developing T2D i.e., risk of T2DM increases by 32 % with each unit decrease in mtDNA-copy number [OR = 0.68 (95 % CI: 0.52–0.89, <em>p</em> = 0.005] with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 64 %). This association was consistent across European, Asian, and American populations. Variant A3243G represented the most pathogenic variant across all populations (OR = 3.45). We also identified associations of novel D-loop variant T16189C that were stronger in Asian populations (OR = 1.31, <em>p</em> = 0.001). Haplogroup N9a was protective in East Asians (OR = 0.71) conferring 29 % protection. Mechanistic observation highlighted impaired oxidative phosphorylation, elevated reactive oxygen species, and inflammatory activation. This seven-database meta-analysis provides the most definitive evidence to date for mtDNA contributions to T2DM, demonstrating universal copy number effects and ancestry-dependent variant associations. Findings support the integration of mtDNA biomarkers into risk prediction, ancestry-informed clinical algorithms, and pharmacogenomic strategies, offering a pathway toward precision medicine in diabetes prevention and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adiponectin levels and metabolic syndrome: Sex-based insights from a Nigerian university community","authors":"Fatima Lami Ciroma ,&nbsp;Sarah Nuhu Kase ,&nbsp;Amaechi Dennis ,&nbsp;Christy Chinyere Fredrick ,&nbsp;Maryam Baraka Akor-Dewu ,&nbsp;Joseph O. Ayo ,&nbsp;Umar A. Muhammad ,&nbsp;Ogenetega ThankGod Oweh ,&nbsp;Garba Ninani ,&nbsp;Ini Patrick Ekpe","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of clinical abnormalities that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Adiponectin, an energy-regulating hormone secreted by adipocytes, has been implicated in metabolic health and may be inversely related to MS. This cross-sectional study assessed serum adiponectin levels and the prevalence of MS among adults in a Nigerian university community.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A total of 273 participants (181 males, 92 females) were evaluated. Serum adiponectin was measured using ELISA, anthropometric indices were recorded using standard protocols, and BMI was used to categorize participants into normal, overweight, and obese groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Descriptive statistics were presented as means ± standard deviation. Chi-square analysis assessed the association between sex and MS. Independent <em>t</em>-tests compared adiponectin levels across BMI categories and between participants with and without MS. A p-value &lt; 0.05 (p &lt; 0.05) was considered statistically significant. Similar (p &gt; 0.05) Adiponectin levels were seen between normal and obese males (p = 0.890) or females (p = 0.448), nor between individuals with and without MS (p = 0.949). The overall prevalence of MS was 11.7%, with a significantly higher prevalence in females (20.7%) than males (7.2%) (p = 0.001). Females had higher odds of developing MS (OR = 2.875; 95% CI: 1.487–5.560).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While MS was more prevalent among females, serum adiponectin levels were not significantly influenced by BMI or MS status. Further research is recommended to better understand adiponectin's role in MS within this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a multifaceted diabetic rehabilitation program on happiness levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and their caregivers: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Sepideh Sheikhhasani ,&nbsp;Mahnaz Rakhshan ,&nbsp;Zahra Molazem ,&nbsp;Marjan Jeddi","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2026.100291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of depression, which negatively impacts the well-being of patients and caregivers. This study aimed to assess the effect of a novel diabetic rehabilitation program on the happiness levels of type 2 diabetic patients and their caregivers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This randomized clinical trial involved 75 patients with type 2 diabetes and their caregivers. The intervention groups received an 8-week diabetic rehabilitation program, delivered through an educational booklet and individual telephone follow-up calls, following block randomization. Baseline data collection included demographic information and completion of a modified version of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Post-intervention assessments using the modified Oxford Happiness Questionnaire were conducted immediately after the intervention and again 5 weeks later.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Initially, there were no significant differences in happiness scores between intervention and control groups for both patients (<em>P</em> = 0.143) and caregivers (<em>P</em> = 0.423) before the intervention. However, following the intervention, patients and caregivers in the intervention group exhibited significantly higher happiness scores compared to the control group, both immediately post-intervention and at the 5-week follow-up (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). Repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated a notable increase in happiness scores over time in the intervention group when compared to the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The diabetic rehabilitation program led to a significant improvement in the happiness levels of type 2 diabetic patients and their caregivers. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating multidisciplinary approaches, such as diabetic rehabilitation, into clinical care to enhance the well-being of patients and caregivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coenzyme Q10 mitigates monosodium glutamate-induced hepatic damage: Enzymatic and histological insights from a rat model","authors":"Elahe Ershadifar ,&nbsp;Morteza Golbashirzadeh ,&nbsp;Atousa Moradzadegan","doi":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.endmts.2025.100287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive consumed daily through dietary sources. Regulatory agencies such as JECFA, FDA, and EFSA have established an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 30 mg/kg body weight/day (expressed as glutamic acid), and its use is restricted in infant foods in many countries. Strong evidence from animal studies indicates that MSG exerts toxic effects, particularly targeting hepatic function, whereas human data remain limited and largely derived from epidemiological observations, anecdotal reports, or high-dose acute exposures.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the protective effects of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on liver enzyme activity alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and histopathological alterations in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to MSG.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-five rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control, sham (vehicle), MSG-treated (3 g/kg), and two groups co-treated with MSG and CoQ10 (10 or 20 mg/kg). Treatments were administered orally for four weeks. Blood samples were collected under anesthesia for enzymatic analysis, and liver tissues were fixed in 10 % formalin for histopathology. Data were analyzed using SPSS v23 with Tukey and Kruskal–Wallis tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MSG significantly elevated ALT and AST, increased Kupffer cell counts, and reduced hepatocyte numbers (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Histology revealed hepatic congestion, inflammatory infiltration, vacuolization, and sinusoidal dilation. CoQ10, particularly at 20 mg/kg, mitigated these abnormalities (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CoQ10 exhibits greater hepatoprotective efficacy at 20 mg/kg compared to 10 mg/kg against MSG-induced liver injury, supporting its potential as a therapeutic agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34427,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine and Metabolic Science","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}