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A new deadweight force standard machine for classifying C6 load cells under temperature conditions 一种在温度条件下对C6称重传感器进行分类的新型自重力标准机
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101333
Daniel Schwind , Martin Eller , Olaf Krusemark , Kai Reglitz
{"title":"A new deadweight force standard machine for classifying C6 load cells under temperature conditions","authors":"Daniel Schwind ,&nbsp;Martin Eller ,&nbsp;Olaf Krusemark ,&nbsp;Kai Reglitz","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While the main focus of Force Standard Machines (FSM) is on the uncertainty and traceability to national or international standards when calibrating force transducers, the linearity, hysteresis and reproducibility requirements under thermal conditions are at the forefront when testing load cells [<span><span>1</span></span>]. Beyond that it is often underestimated that deadweight machines are unavoidable for the requirements of C6 load cells in accordance with OIML R60 [<span><span>2</span></span>]. But such deadweight machines largely determine the cost and at the end the selling price of the individual load cell. This results in the need to find an economical solution for the standard machine through new concepts.</div><div>This paper describes the design and performance of a new 2000 kg standard machine for economic testing of C6 load cells under temperature conditions by implementing a load cell magazine, full automation and digital connection to the production network of Minebea Intec at Hamburg, a leading global manufacturer of industrial weighing and inspection technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the long-term drift of high precision resistance measures 高精度电阻测量的长期漂移评价
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101430
Oleh Velychko, Vasyl Dovhan, Denys Nikitenko, Jaroslav Brezytskyi
{"title":"Evaluation of the long-term drift of high precision resistance measures","authors":"Oleh Velychko,&nbsp;Vasyl Dovhan,&nbsp;Denys Nikitenko,&nbsp;Jaroslav Brezytskyi","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of long-time drift of measure on calibration emphasizes the importance of careful monitoring of their metrological characteristics. If drift is not accounted for or corrected, it can lead to failure to calibrate other measuring instruments correctly. The results of evaluation of long-term drift of four high-resistance precision measures with nominal values of 1 MΩ, 10 MΩ, 100 MΩ and 1000 MΩ using polynomial regression of 1-3 orders are presented. Measures have historical calibration data from 1992 to 2023. Sufficient adequacy has been achieved in the description of drift lines for all high-resistance measures. The measurement uncertainties of calibration of a high-resistance measure are evaluated with values from 6 ppm to 9 ppm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New Sartorius mass comparator for highest accuracy including fully automatic vacuum transfer system 新型赛多利斯质量比较仪，精度最高，包括全自动真空传输系统
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101360
Falko Hilbrunner , Mario Schreiber , Thomas Fröhlich , Thomas Fehling , Folker Schwesinger , Gunter Krapf
{"title":"New Sartorius mass comparator for highest accuracy including fully automatic vacuum transfer system","authors":"Falko Hilbrunner ,&nbsp;Mario Schreiber ,&nbsp;Thomas Fröhlich ,&nbsp;Thomas Fehling ,&nbsp;Folker Schwesinger ,&nbsp;Gunter Krapf","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sartorius cooperated with Technische Universität Ilmenau to develop the innovative automatic mass comparator VMC1007. This facilitates highly accurate mass comparisons of weights between 100 g and 1 kg under controlled atmospheric conditions, and in a vacuum. For permanent storage of weights under vacuum conditions, the mass comparator can optionally be configured with a vacuum transfer system and corresponding containers.</div><div>The device is very compact, has eight universal positions for directly handling weights of different shapes and allows for precise and fast mass comparisons.</div><div>In order to make the processes for inserting and ejecting weights as simple and safe as possible, all mechanical movement axes are motorised.</div><div>Mass comparisons can be controlled, monitored and analysed easily and irrespective of the operating system using web-based user interface. In all processes, the user is intuitively guided through the individual steps to enable safe, efficient and convenient work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Realisation and dissemination of mass through the consensus value of the kilogram and preparation for the final phase of traceability to independent realisations 通过千克的共识值实现和传播质量，并为独立实现可追溯性的最后阶段做准备
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101352
Richard Green , Stuart Davidson , Jacques Liard , Nathan Murnaghan , David Avilés Castro , Harold Parks
{"title":"Realisation and dissemination of mass through the consensus value of the kilogram and preparation for the final phase of traceability to independent realisations","authors":"Richard Green ,&nbsp;Stuart Davidson ,&nbsp;Jacques Liard ,&nbsp;Nathan Murnaghan ,&nbsp;David Avilés Castro ,&nbsp;Harold Parks","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The National Research Council of Canada's (NRC) Kibble balance contributes to the determination of the Consensus Value of the kilogram through participation in periodic key comparisons. This paper provides an overview of the Consensus Value of the kilogram and the realisation and dissemination of mass within the present phase of traceability through it. Description of NRC's participation in international comparisons used to calculate the Consensus Value is detailed, including methods to operate the Kibble balance, major uncertainties, and the evolution of key supporting measurements. The potential benefits of using a digital twin to optimise Kibble balance experiments and of digital comparisons to evaluate the equivalence of realisation experiments and determine the Consensus Value of the kilogram are also discussed. We offer perspectives on the possible future landscape of mass metrology once the use of individual realisations of the kilogram has been sanctioned and the final phase of dissemination from the Planck constant that began with redefinition of the SI in 2019 is reached.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving the accuracy of digital-to-analogue converters 提高数模转换器的精度
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101419
Jonathan Sæthre Ege , Bikash Adhikari , Ahmad Faza , Trond Ytterdal , Arnfinn A. Eielsen
{"title":"Improving the accuracy of digital-to-analogue converters","authors":"Jonathan Sæthre Ege ,&nbsp;Bikash Adhikari ,&nbsp;Ahmad Faza ,&nbsp;Trond Ytterdal ,&nbsp;Arnfinn A. Eielsen","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precision of digital-to-analogue converters (DACs) is principally limited by static errors in the output voltage or current levels, known as element mismatch. This paper evaluates five error mitigation methods on a set of candidate integrated circuit (IC) designs. The aim is to find a combination of a realistic and implementable IC design and a linearisation method that can yield a minimum of 18 effective number of bits (ENOB) at a 100 kHz bandwidth, well above the current state-of-the-art of semiconductor-based DACs, which currently is 17 ENOB at a 10 kHz bandwidth. It is demonstrated that three out of five methods provide performance improvements, with noise-shaping with digital calibration approaching the desired target.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ideas for the transition from paper-based force and torque calibration certificates to machine-readable XML data 从基于纸张的力和扭矩校准证书过渡到机器可读XML数据的想法
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101334
Shanna Schönhals , Moritz Jordan , Michael Melzer , Dirk Röske
{"title":"Ideas for the transition from paper-based force and torque calibration certificates to machine-readable XML data","authors":"Shanna Schönhals ,&nbsp;Moritz Jordan ,&nbsp;Michael Melzer ,&nbsp;Dirk Röske","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Machine-readable and ideally, interpretable, digital transfer documents are a promising solution for automated processes with requirements for seamlessly digital data transmission. To achieve interoperability both on issuing and receiving ends, it is important to provide harmonised solutions when transitioning from analogue-based to fully digital calibration certificates. This requires that the metrological communities decide on best practices and guidelines for their application. In the area of force and torque calibration, community-specific topics have been identified and solutions have been proposed that will be presented and discussed in this paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A 12-Lead ECG signal correlation analysis in multiple domains 多域12导联心电信号相关分析
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101417
Antonia Juskova, Ondrej Kovac, Jozef Kromka, Jan Saliga
{"title":"A 12-Lead ECG signal correlation analysis in multiple domains","authors":"Antonia Juskova,&nbsp;Ondrej Kovac,&nbsp;Jozef Kromka,&nbsp;Jan Saliga","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper is devoted to correlation analysis of 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, crucial for understanding cardiac function from multiple leads. Accurate synchronization via QRS detection facilitates the comparison of signals in time and discrete orthogonal transformation (DOT) domains. However, noise, muscle interference, and other signal distortions challenge QRS detection accuracy. We propose an enhanced method for Pan-Tomkin's detector, based on the statistical parameters of multi-lead ECG, to adjust QRS detections. This ensures a uniform number of QRS detections across all leads, resulting in synchronized correlation analysis. Correlation analysis, conducted on the Lobachewsky University ECG database, is evaluated in the time and sparse domains of discrete cosine transform and discrete wavelet transform. The study aims to reveal lead relationships in multiple domains, and their sparsity which can pave the way for usage of compression techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Realization of an ultra-stable audio frequency electrical power calibrator 一种超稳定音频电力校准器的实现
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101431
You Li , Wu Kang , Wang Shuqiang , Li Jingjing
{"title":"Realization of an ultra-stable audio frequency electrical power calibrator","authors":"You Li ,&nbsp;Wu Kang ,&nbsp;Wang Shuqiang ,&nbsp;Li Jingjing","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article introduce the design and implementation of an ultra-stable audio frequency electrical power calibrator, with voltage range up to 1 kV, current range up to 20A and frequency range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. The 1 hour stability of its output power can reach to 25 ppm. It has good potential application for precision calibration of audio frequency power meters, energy meters, amplifiers and transducers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital twin design of a 5 degrees of freedom industrial robotic arm for engineering education purposes 工程教育用5自由度工业机械臂的数字孪生设计
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101323
Gyula Korsoveczki , Tamás Vasváry , Angéla Váradiné Szarka , Kornél Sarvajcz
{"title":"Digital twin design of a 5 degrees of freedom industrial robotic arm for engineering education purposes","authors":"Gyula Korsoveczki ,&nbsp;Tamás Vasváry ,&nbsp;Angéla Váradiné Szarka ,&nbsp;Kornél Sarvajcz","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The main contribution of this paper is to transfer a Mitsubishi RV-2AJ MELFA type industrial robot with 5 degrees of freedom into a virtual space using photogrammetry. The mesh model of the robot was realised in Meshroom software while for the assembly model we used Sold Edge 3D designer software based on reverse engineering principles. The accuracy to the digital twin was tested by comparing the trajectory of the TCP with the physical robot. Moreover, forward kinematic calculations in MATLAB environment were used to validate the model on mathematical way. The digital twin has the opportunity to receive sensor data and coordinates from the physical robot and can be integrated into digital laboratories emphasizing and demonstrating industrial 4.0 technologies in modern engineering education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Torque as key parameter for a better efficiency determination of electric motors and generators 转矩是确定电动机和发电机效率的关键参数
Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101344
André Schäfer, Alexander Stock
{"title":"Torque as key parameter for a better efficiency determination of electric motors and generators","authors":"André Schäfer,&nbsp;Alexander Stock","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a soon to be net zero future, renewable energy generation, electric personal cars as well as commercial vehicles, aircrafts with battery-electric drive systems and ships with electric engines will soon dominate the landscape and because of the urgent need for conversion one day will determine our daily lives. The paper shows how to achieve a better efficiency determination of electric motors and generators by better cross-connection of mechanical and electrical side to further reduce the total measurement uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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