Measurement Sensors最新文献_第10页

Beam divergence errors in unbalanced laser interferometers – Case study with a free-fall absolute gravimeter FG5X 非平衡激光干涉仪中的光束发散误差-自由落体绝对重力仪FG5X的案例研究

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101351

Christian Rothleitner, Birk Andreas

{"title":"Beam divergence errors in unbalanced laser interferometers – Case study with a free-fall absolute gravimeter FG5X","authors":"Christian Rothleitner, Birk Andreas","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser interferometers play a key role in high-precision length measurements. One source of error in such a measurement is the relative length error induced by the divergence angle due to laser collimation. Often the error is calculated by the formula of Dorenwendt and Bönsch, which, however, is strictly valid only for balanced interferometers and negligible travel ranges. Free-fall absolute gravimeters, such as FG5(X), contain a highly unbalanced interferometer. This requires a further correction, which has a non-negligible contribution for large beam divergence angles, or equivalently, small beam waists.</div><div>Here we present a high-accuracy method for the determination of the beam divergence error in unbalanced laser interferometers. First, we determine the beam parameters of a beam exiting a collimator, by means of a Shack-Hartmann sensor. Then, we calculate the relative length error with a revised correction formula. Finally, we perform absolute gravity measurements with an FG5X, and compare our results to our theoretical predictions. As a result, we get a relative length error in the order of <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2.8</mn><mo>·</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> for a commercial <em>Thorlabs TC25APC-633</em> triplet collimator, which is comparable with the built-in collimators of FG5(X) gravimeters. The outcome is also applicable to other interferometer setups. In special, the findings are important for the realization of the SI unit kilogram via the Kibble balance method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Status of the kilogram realisation using the XRCD method at PTB PTB使用XRCD方法实现千克的现状

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101353

Daniela Eppers , Dorothea Knopf , Arnold Nicolaus , Eva Kuhn , Michael Borys , Matthias Müller , Horst Bettin

{"title":"Status of the kilogram realisation using the XRCD method at PTB","authors":"Daniela Eppers , Dorothea Knopf , Arnold Nicolaus , Eva Kuhn , Michael Borys , Matthias Müller , Horst Bettin","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the establishment of the revised SI the unit of mass, the kilogram, can be realised by two primary methods based on Planck's constant - the “Kibble balances” and the “XRCD” method (X-ray crystal density). The XRCD method is based on a high-quality characterisation of spheres made of isotopically enriched <sup>28</sup>Si silicon, which can be divided into two main activities, the determination of crystal/material parameters and the determination of the macroscopic volume of <sup>28</sup>Si spheres and their surface layers. This subdivision is of particular interest since the material parameters are considered constant and are not re-determined when the realisation is “reactivated”. Before and after the redefinition of the kilogram, comparisons of the most accurate realisation experiments were carried out. This publication discusses the parameters, methodology and instrumentation used by PTB for the participation in CCM.R-kg-P1 (Pilot Study) before redefinition in comparison to the results of the experiments for the participation in CCM.M-K8.2019 and CCM.M-K8.2021 after redefinition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Learning sensor data fusion, an practical approach 学习传感器数据融合，一个实用的方法

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2025.101881

Maik Rosenberger, Mirco Andy Eilhauer, Raik Illmann, Martin Richter, Andrei Golomoz, Gunther Notni

{"title":"Learning sensor data fusion, an practical approach","authors":"Maik Rosenberger, Mirco Andy Eilhauer, Raik Illmann, Martin Richter, Andrei Golomoz, Gunther Notni","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2025.101881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2025.101881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrial measurement tasks often cannot be solved using simple sensor systems alone. To this end, the development of numerous field buses and protocols has attempted to achieve strong networking of various sensors and actuators. Technologies in the context of Industry 4.0 and IoT support these trends in the long term. Just like process measurement variables such as temperature, pressure, force, etc., image processing systems have also found their way into modern systems for process control and monitoring. Understanding these complex IoT systems consisting of typical process measurement variables and image-based variables and using them sensibly for measurement and automation tasks must be taught to students as part of their metrology and IT training. For this purpose, special electronics have been developed that combine selected sensors from process measurement technology with an image sensor. This offers the opportunity to develop a clear and practice-oriented exercise for sensor data fusion topics both for teaching in image processing, such as rotational position correction through sensor fusion of a rotation rate sensor and camera system, and for teaching in process measurement technology, such as calculating the dew point from humidity and temperature. The chosen division of the system into microcomputer architecture for recording the sensors and transmission to an evaluation PC as well as the free selection of possible software tools for the calculation of the sensor information among each other allows different learning scenarios to be developed for the system. This publication also presents the architecture of the system, the connection to an evaluation system and an initial application for sensor data fusion for use in teaching.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101881"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the 30 MN force calibration system in tension with failure protection 带失效保护的张力30mn力标定系统研究

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101369

Lin Shuo, Que Pengfeng, Chi Hui, Xie Jie, Zhang Yong

{"title":"Study on the 30 MN force calibration system in tension with failure protection","authors":"Lin Shuo, Que Pengfeng, Chi Hui, Xie Jie, Zhang Yong","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The maximum risk in the calibration of tension force in the meganewton range comes from failure of the transducer. The impact caused either by the yield fracture or by the unforeseen brittle fracture can lead personal injury or equipment failure. In this work the deformation and energy effect of the 30 MN transducer upon fracture was evaluated. A new tension force calibration system with a failure protection function witch is consisted of micro-displacement monitoring devices and thin shell structure was built. The thin shell structure is made of stainless steel with multiple arrays honeycomb bulges that will produce large deformation to absorb energy upon impact. The dual ball nuts structure conforming to the Annex A.4 of ISO 376 requirements is applicable for this system, and the coaxial can be guaranteed in calibration. Measurements were performed at the 60 MN build-up machine (BM) in FJIM. It is shown that the system has sufficient stiffness with a 30 MN force, and the participation of the tension system did not influence the measurements in BM. Displacement at 0.02 mm level can be monitored in real time and deformation curve to warn yield failure proactively, and the passive protection structure absorbed energy in an unexpected brittle fracture at nearly 18 MN and protected the BM and personnel safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Force signals time alignment using cross-correlation 力信号时间对齐使用互相关

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101375

Miha Hiti

引用次数: 0

Calibration of the stiffness of soft cantilevers based on electromagnetic and electrostatic force compensation principles 基于电磁力和静电力补偿原理的软悬臂刚度标定

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101335

Valeriya Cherkasova , Zhi Li , Radovan Popadic , Thomas Froehlich , Uwe Brand

引用次数: 0

Full-automatic calibration device for test joints of hydraulic impulse tools 液压冲击工具测试接头全自动标定装置

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101374

Zhenyu Wang , Xiang Ren , Zecheng Tao

引用次数: 0

Research on data processing methods for intelligent testing system of automatic instrument for weighing road vehicles in motion 道路车辆自动称重智能测试系统数据处理方法研究

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101365

Jie Chen, Xianping Shang, Yuanjie Chen, Binghui Ma, Zichao Zhang, Xiaohui Mao

{"title":"Research on data processing methods for intelligent testing system of automatic instrument for weighing road vehicles in motion","authors":"Jie Chen, Xianping Shang, Yuanjie Chen, Binghui Ma, Zichao Zhang, Xiaohui Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article is based on the intelligent testing system, and studies the collection status parameter analysis, classification rules and processing methods of abnormal weighing data of Automatic Instrument for Weighing Road Vehicles in Motion, hereinafter referred to as “WIM instrument”, collected online. The system collects weighing data of WIM instrument online, records the operating status parameters of the weighing equipment at the time of data generation, such as vehicle acceleration, output of each weighing sensor, etc. Firstly, combining the data tolerance range and statistical theory methods specified in the metrological technical specifications JJG907-2006, OIML R 134–1, etc., the data is analysed as a whole and anomalies are identified to form an anomaly dataset. Then, based on the abnormal weighing data collected from the Internet of Things, including the operating status parameters, historical verification status, fuel consumption, etc. of the vehicle, the abnormal weighing data is further classified into two categories: abnormal driving weighing data and normal driving abnormal weighing data. Then, the abnormal data is removed for supplementary verification or corrected according to the abnormal driving correction rules to improve the effectiveness of intelligent verification date.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation framework for electrical impedance Tomography systems 电阻抗层析成像系统的仿真框架

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101416

Moritz Hollenberg , Tom Liebing , Thorsten A. Kern, Dennis Kähler

{"title":"Simulation framework for electrical impedance Tomography systems","authors":"Moritz Hollenberg , Tom Liebing , Thorsten A. Kern, Dennis Kähler","doi":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.measen.2024.101416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a promising approach for monitoring chemical processes and deriving process quantities. These insights then can be used for optimal control of the process.</div><div>The EIT hardware must be optimized for the specific requirements of the chemical reaction and its environment. Further influences come from the image reconstruction algorithms, which in turn are optimized for the process itself. This requires a large amount of data to be captured. We employ a hybrid approach using SPICE and COMSOL. Combining these methods we built a framework that is capable of generating simulated EIT data of a real world system enabling hardware optimization as well as algorithm optimization.</div><div>COMSOL is utilized to fit equivalent circuit models to the object under study, while SPICE simulates the output signal with noise introduced by discrete hardware components.</div><div>The simulation serves as a digital twin of a real system with which the generated signals are cross-validated.</div><div>With this framework, we are able to simulate data, reconstruct realistic images, and optimize for any custom-made system effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34311,"journal":{"name":"Measurement Sensors","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 101416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perspectives on multiparametric high-frequency impedance spectroscopy characterization of anatase TiO2 nanotubes with nanoelectrode array sensors 纳米电极阵列传感器对锐钛矿型TiO2纳米管多参数高频阻抗谱表征的研究进展

Measurement Sensors Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.measen.2024.101414

Daniele Goldoni , Vardan Galstyan , Luca Nappi , Francesco Rossella , Pasquale D'Angelo , Luigi Rovati , Luca Selmi

引用次数: 0