Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan最新文献

{"title":"Daya gabung dan aksi gen komponen hasil jagung profilik hasil tinggi menggunakan analisis line X tester","authors":"Roy Efendi, S. Priyanto, M. Azrai","doi":"10.15575/9209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/9209","url":null,"abstract":"Peningkatan produktivitas jagung dapat dilakukan melalui perakitan varietas jagung yang memiliki tingkat prolifikasi tinggi. Ketersediaan galur-galur yang memiliki tingkat prolifikasi tinggi dan daya gabung yang baik akan memberikan peluang besar dalam perakitan jagung hibrida prolifik dengan hasil tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memilih galur-galur prolifik yang memiliki daya gabung yang baik pada karakter prolifikasi dan mengevaluasi tingkat prolifikasi dan produktivitas jagung hibrida yang dibentuk dari galur-galur tersebut serta mengetahui aksi gen yang berperan pada karakter komponen hasil. Percobaan dilakukan dua tahap yaitu pembentukan hibrida dari galur-galur prolifik dengan metode testcross dan evaluasi hibrida yang terbentuk dengan menggunakan rancangan alfa lattice dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan galur G7 memiliki nilai daya gabung umum yang baik untuk karakter persentase tanaman prolifik. Hibrida G35/G102612 merupakan hibrida uji dengan persentase tanaman prolifik tertinggi 55,8%. Hibrida G7/Mal03 dengan hasil biji 12,9 t ha-1 dan persentase tanaman prolifik 53,9% merupakan jagung hibrida prolifik dengan hasil tinggi. Aksi gen non aditif lebih berperan dalam penampilan karakter komponen hasil pada jagung prolifik.AbstractMaize productivity can be increased by improving maize varieties with high prolificacy. The adequate of high prolificacy lines with a good combining ability will provide great opportunities to form a high yield prolific maize. The research aimed to select the prolific line which has good combining ability on the prolificacy and evaluate the prolificacy and productivity of the hybrid maize from these lines and to know the gene action which plays role in the yield component characters. The research was carried out in two stages, i.e. the formation of hybrids from the prolific line using the testcross method and evaluation of hybrids using the alpha lattice design with three replications. The results showed that line G7 had a good general combining ability for the percentage of prolific plants. Hybrid G35/G102612 was the test hybrid with the highest percentage of prolific plants of 55,8%. Hybrid G7/ Mal03 which had the yield of 12,9 t ha-1and percentage of prolific plants 53,9% was the prolific hybrid maize with the high yield. The non-additive effect played the main role for yield component characters of prolific hybrid maize.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74848693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respon tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap sistem tanam dan jumlah bibit","authors":"Ndari Retno Lestari, Soni Isnaini, Safiuddin Safiuddin, Yatmin Yatmin, M. Maryati","doi":"10.15575/10629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/10629","url":null,"abstract":"Sistem tanam (ST) yang sering digunakan petani yaitu ST tegel. Sampai sekarang masih banyak petani yang menggunakan bibit lebih dari tujuh batang per lubang tanam (BpLT). Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mempelajari respon tanaman padi terhadap  ST dan jumlah bibit per lubang tanam (JBpLT). Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Raman Aji, Kecamatan Raman Utara, Lampung Timur pada bulan Februari sampai Mei 2016.  Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Kelompok Teracak Lengkap dengan pola split plot.  Petak utama adalah ST jarwo 2:1, ST Jarwo 4:1, dan ST tegel 25 x 25 cm. Anak petak terdiri atas JBpLT: 1 BpLT, 2 BpLT, dan 3 BpLT. Data dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan uji orthogonal  kontras, semua pengujian dilakukan pada taraf 5%.  Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa (1) ST jarwo 2:1 dan ST jarwo 4:1 meningkatkan pertumbuhan padi hibrida Mapan P-05 dibandingkan ST tegel 25 x 25 cm, (2) penanaman 1 BpLT meningkatkan komponen hasil padi dibandingkan penanaman 2 BpLT dan 3 BpLT, dan (3) penanaman 1 BpLT memberikan hasil GKG (6,86 t ha-1) yang lebih tinggi dari penanaman 2 BpLT (5,64 t ha-1) dan 3 BpLT (4,59 t ha-1) pada ST jarwo 2:1, ST jarwo 4:1 dan ST tegel 25 x 25 cm, secara berurutan.AbstractThe common planting system (PS) used by the farmers is Tegel system. Yet, many farmers still use more than seven seeds per planting hole (SpPH). The research objective was to study the reponse of rice plants to the planting system and the number SpPH. The research was conducted in Raman Aji Village, Raman Utara, East Lampung from February to May 2016. The treatments were arranged in a RCBD with a split plot pattern (the main plot were the PS i.e. jarwo 2: 1, jarwo 4: 1 and “Tegel” 25 x 25 cm; the subplots are the number of SpPH i.e. 1 SpPH, 2 SpPH, and 3 SpPH). The results showed that (1) the jarwo 2: 1 system increased rice growth compared to the 25 x 25 cm “Tegel”; (2) application of 1 SpPH increased the yield  component  of rice compared to planting 2 SpPH and SpPH; and (3) application of 1 SpPH (6.86 t ha-1) gave the higher weight of milled grain than using 2 SpPH (5.64 t ha-1) and 3 SpPH (4.59 t ha-1), both planted in the jarwo 2:1, jarwo 4:1 and 25 x 25 cm  “Tegel” System","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77818954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemetaan dan Evaluasi Kesesuaian Curah Hujan untuk Tanaman Kelapa Sawit di Kecamatan Bintang Bayu Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi Sumatera Utara","authors":"Sakiah Sakiah, Eka Bobby Febrianto, Ayi Sudrajat, Albert Kristian Siregar","doi":"10.25181/JAIP.V9I1.1706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25181/JAIP.V9I1.1706","url":null,"abstract":"Iklim merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit, salah satu unsur iklim yang sangat penting adalah hujan. Hujan sebagai sumber air utama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan tipe iklim wilayah Bintang Bayu serta mengetahui tren curah hujan dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun (2010-2019) di Kecamatan Bintang Bayu, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan deskriptif analitis. Data curah hujan bersumber dari citra satelit (Data Chips-2.0, UCSB) yang diperoleh dari Badan Meteorologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Wilayah I Medan yang digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menentukan bulan kering dan bulan basah berdasarkan Schmidt-Ferguson, selanjutnya ditentukan nilai Q dan untuk memetakan iklim digunakan Software ArcGIS 10.3. Evaluasi kesesuaian curah hujan dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan data pengamatan curah hujan tahunan dengan Kriteria Kesesuaian Lahan Kelapa Sawit berdasarkan Balai Besar Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Lahan Pertanian. Tren curah hujan bulanan dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kecamatan Bintang Bayu memiliki tipe iklim A (hutan hujan tropis), yang mana pada wilayah dengan tipe iklim A cocok untuk tanaman kelapa sawit. Berdasarkan sebaran hujan tahunan, terdapat dua sebaran hujan yaitu 2.500-3.000 mm tahun-1 dan 3.000-3.500 mm tahun-1 dan tidak ditemukan wilayah dengan sebaran hujan tahunan 2.000-2.500 mm tahun-1, dengan demikian wilayah Bintang Bayu termasuk kelas S2. Dalam kurun waktu sepuluh tahun, terjadi penurunan curah hujan pada bulan Januari, Mei, Juli dan Oktober sedangkan pada bulan-bulan lainnya terjadi kenaikan curah hujan","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47172293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaktivitas ekstrak biji bintaro terhadap kutu daun Aphis gossypii GLOVER dan pengaruhnya terhadap tanaman cabai","authors":"Rial Mustiarif, Djamilah Djamilah, N. Setyowati, Agustin Zakarni","doi":"10.15575/8380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/8380","url":null,"abstract":"Aphis gossypii Glover hama penting tanaman cabai, dapat dikendalian dengan menggunakan pestisida nabati. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi waktu aplikasi dan konsentrasi ekstrak kasar biji bintaro (Cerbera odollam G.) dalam mengendalikan A. gossypii Glover serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman cabai. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah waktu aplikasi ekstrak (waktu sebelum dan waktu setelah infestasi A. gossypii Glover). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi ekstrak bintaro (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dan 5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi 1% ekstrak biji bintaro menyebabkan mortalitas kutu daunnya 68% sedangkan pada konsentrasi 3% mortalitasnya mencapai 90%. Ekstrak biji bintaro yang diberikan sebelum hama diinfestasikan menyebabkan mortalitas kutu daun 59,5% sedangkan jika diberikan setelah hama diinfestasikan mortalitasnya meningkat menjadi 77,6%. Nilai LC50 dan LC90 ekstrak biji bintaro diaplikasikan sebelum dan setelah hama diinfestasikan secara berurutan adalah 1,8%; 4,4%; 0,57% dan 2,8%. A. gossypii Glover yang diinfestasikan pada tanaman berumur 4 minggu dan disemprot dengan ekstrak biji bintaro pada konsentrasi 1% dapat menurunkan intensitas kerusakan pada hari ke tujuh setelah infestasi dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah daun, bobot segar maupun bobot kering tanaman cabai. Ekstrak biji bintaro dapat dikembangkan sebagai pestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan hama A. gossypii Glover pada tanaman cabai. Aphis gossypii Glover is an important sucking insect pest of the pepper (Capsicum annum L.), Can be controlled by using natural pesticides. The study aimed to evaluate the application time and concentration of Cerbera odollam G. seed extract in controlling A. gossypii and their effects on pepper, C. annum. Complete randomized design was used in this experiment, with two factors, and was repeated three times. The first factor was the time of application of the extract, consisting of before and after A. gossypii infestation. The second factor was the concentration of C. odollam extract (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%). The results indicated the C. odollam seed extract affected the mortality of A. gossypii. At a concentration of 1% of C. odollam seed extract, the mortality of A. gossypii was 68% while at a concentration of 3% the mortality reached up to 90%. C. odollam seed extract applied before infestation, the mortality of A. gossypii was 59.5% whereas, after the infestation, the mortality increased up to 77.6%. LC50 and LC90 extract of C. odollam seeds applied before and after infestation were 1.8%; 4.4%; 0.57% and 2.8% respectively. A. gossypii infested at 8 weeks old pepper and sprayed with C. odollam seed extract at a concentration of 1% lowered the crop damage on the seventh day after infestation. On the other hand, the application of C. odollam seed extract did not affect the number of leaves, fresh weight, and dry weight of pepper. This study indicate that C. odol","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90043942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplikasi Trichoderma viride menekan perkembangan Ganoderma boninense di main nursery kelapa sawit media gambut","authors":"Yusmar Mahmud","doi":"10.15575/7143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/7143","url":null,"abstract":"Pembibitan kelapa sawit sering terkendala akibat pengelolaannya belum optimal, sehingga mempengaruhi  produksi  kelapa sawit. Salah satu kendala kelapa sawit adalah penyakit busuk pangkal batang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma boninense.  Pengendalian penyakit busuk pangkal batang diperlukan teknik yang tepat terutama pengendalian yang bersifat ramah lingkungan, seperti Trichoderma viride. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antagonisme jamur Trichoderma viride untuk menekan perkembangan Ganoderma boninense secara in vitro dan bibit tanaman kelapa sawit umur 7-9 bulan (main nursery). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2019 – Maret 2019 di Laboratorium Patologi, Entomologi dan Mikrobiologi dan di Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian dan Peternakan UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi 25 g Trichoderma viride mampu menurunkan intensitas serangan Ganoderma boninense menjadi 22,90%. Sehingga pemberian dosis 25 g merupakan dosis yang efektif untuk menurunkan intensitas serangan Ganoderma boninense pada kelapa sawit umur 7-9 bulan (main nursery). Elais guienensis Jacq seedlings in nursery main are often constrained due to less optimal management, affecting the oil palm production. One that opposes oil palm is a rotten disease caused by Ganoderma boninense. Control of stem rot disease requires appropriate suspended technique which is environmentally friendly, such as Trichoderma viride application. Trichoderma viride was applied to supress the development of Ganoderma boninense in in vitro and Elais guienensis Jacq seedlings aged 7-9 months (main nursery). This research was conducted in January - March 2019 at Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology Laboratory and at Experimental Field of Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. This research method used a non factorial completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The result proved that the application of 25 g of Trichoderma viride could supress up to 22.90% the development of Ganoderma boninense. Therefore dose of 25 g T. viride is more effective against Ganoderma boninense pathogen attack for Elais guienensis Jacq aged 7-9 months in main nursery.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81919472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stabilitas dan adaptabilitas daya hasil hibrida jagung manis padjadjaran berdasarkan analisis AMMI","authors":"D. Ruswandi, E. Suryadi, M. Syafii, Anne Nuraini, Yuyun Yuwariah","doi":"10.15575/8153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/8153","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluasi interaksi G x E melalui pengujian multilokasi merupakan tahapan penting untuk menentukan stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hibrida superior. Untuk menentukan interaksi G x E, stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hibrida jagung manis Padjadjaran di Jawa Barat, enam belas hibrida Padjadjaran dan dua hibrida komersial diuji di tiga lokasi selama dua musim yang berbeda di Jawa Barat- Indonesia. Hasil memperlihatkan bahwa biplot AMMI dapat dengan akurat menentukan interaksi G x E, stabilitas, dan adapatabilitas hasil hibrida jagung manis Padjadjaran di Jawa Barat. Biplot AMMI mengidentifikasi bahwa hibrida jagung manis Padjadjaran G 10 sebagai jagung manis yang stabil di berbagai lokasi pengujian dan musim di Jawa Barat, sedangkan hibrida jagung manis Padjadjaran G5 dan Padjadjaran G11 sebagai hibrida yang spesifik lingkungan.  Biplot AMMI disarankan sebagai alat menentukan hibrida superior yang akan dilepas di Indonesia.Evaluation of genotype (G) x environment (E) interaction through multi-location testing is an important phase to determined stability and adaptability of superior hybrid. To determined G x E interaction, stability and adaptability of Padjadjaran sweet corn hybrids, sixteen new Padjadjaran sweetcorn hybrids and two commercial hybrids were tested in three locations for two different seasons in West Java, Indonesia.  Results showed that AMMI biplot was accurately determined G x E interaction, stability and adaptability of Indonesian sweet corn in West Java for yield. The AMMI biplot determined Padjadjaran G 10 sweetcorn hybrid as a stable hybrid across locations and seasons in West Java, while Padjadjaran G5 and G11 as the specific environment hybrid. The AMMI biplot is suggested to implement as a tool to release particular superior hybrid in Indonesia. Key words : Adaptability, AMMI, G x E interaction, Sweetcorn, Stabilit","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90562841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efek inokulasi PGPR terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman padi fase vegetative di media salinitas tinggi","authors":"Eka Junianti, E. Proklamasiningsih, P. Purwanto","doi":"10.15575/8057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/8057","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizobakteria merupakan kelompok bakteri yang hidup di perakaran tanaman yang bermanfaat bagi pertumbuhan tanaman melalui kemampuan menghasilkan IAA. Rhizobakteria dapat hidup di berbagai kondisi lingkungan, salah satunya di lahan salin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji efek Plant-Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria bagi tanaman padi pada fase vegetatif di media dengan silinitas tinggi, dan mendapatkan isolat yang paling efektif meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif padi varietas Inpari Unsoed 79 Agritan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Agronomi dan Hortikultura, dan Screenhouse Experimental Farm Fakultas Pertanian UNSOED pada bulan Oktober 2019-Januari 2020. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan dan diulang 4 kali. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini antara lain kontrol, JA2, JB1, JB2, JD1, dan JE1 pada medium cair AB Mix dengan tingkat salinitas 5 dSm-1. Inokulasi PGPR meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman padi pada fase vegetatif. Bobot kering tanaman, panjang akar, kehijauan daun, luas daun, tinggi tanaman masing-masing meningkat sebesar 130%, 108%, 19%, 50%, 21% dengan inokulasi PGPR pada medium dengan salinitas tinggi.   Rhizobacteria are a group of bacteria that live in rhizozphere of plant which are beneficial for plant growth through the ability to produce IAA. Rhizobacteria can live in various environmental conditions, one of which is in saline fields. The research goal was to study the effect of PGPR for rice plants in the vegetative phase in high salinity media and to find the most effective isolates in increasing vegetative growth of Inpari Unsoed 79 Agritan rice. This research was conducted at the Agronomy and Horticulture Laboratory, and the screenhouse of Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, UNSOED in October 2019-January 2020. This research was arranged by using a Randomized Complete Block Design and repeated 4 times. The treatments in this study included control, JA2, JB1, JB2, JD1, and JE1 in AB Mix liquid medium with a salinity level of 5 dSm-1. The inoculation of rhizobacteria can increase the rice plant growth at vegetative phase. The plant biomass, root length, leaf greenness, leaf area, plant height increased by 130%, 108%, 19%, 50%, 21% respectively by PGPR inoculation of medium with high salinity.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79598102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh pemberian fosfor di pembibitan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi pada rendaman cekaman","authors":"Irmawati Irmawati, Imam Wibisono, Erise Anggraini","doi":"10.15575/6611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/6611","url":null,"abstract":"Cekaman rendaman merupakan salah satu masalah utama yang dihadapi dalam kegiatan budidaya padi di lahan rawa lebak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fosfor sebelum tanaman terendam yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman padi terhadap cekaman rendaman. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot) dengan varietas padi sebagai petak utama dan waktu pemberian fosfor sebagai anak petak yang masing-masing diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Varietas padi yang digunakan yaitu IR 42, Inpari 30, dan Ciherang. Waktu pemberian fosfor terdiri dari kontrol (P0), pemberian fosfor 3 hari sebelum perendaman (P1), 7 hari sebelum perendaman (P2), dan 14 hari sebelum perendaman (P3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ciherang merupakan varietas yang paling terhambat pertumbuhannya akibat cekaman rendaman. Selain itu, perlakuan P2 (aplikasi fosfor pada 7 hari sebelum perendaman) menunjukkan hasil terbaik dibandingkan perlakuan lain yang secara signifikan ditunjukkan pada peubah luas daun, berat kering akar dan total berat kering tanaman pada 6 minggu setelah tanam atau 14 hari setelah perendaman. Data yang dihasilkan diharapkan mampu menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam perbaikan teknis budidaya padi di lahan rawa lebak.  One of the major constraints of rice cultivation in the non-tidal swamp area is submergence stress, which is considered could be managed by phosphorus application before submergence in order to increase rice tolerance towards submergence stress condition. Split plot design was used in this research with three replicates. Rice cultivars served as the main plot consisted of IR42, Inpari 30, and Ciherang. While for the sub-plot was phosphorus application consisted of P0 = control, P1 = phosphorus application 3 days before submergence, P2 = phosphorus application 7 days before submergence, and P3 = phosphorus application 14 days before submergence. Results showed that Ciherang was the most affected cultivar due to submergence stress. Furthermore, P2had better performance compared to other P treatments as significantly showed in leaf area, dry root weight, and total dry weight at 6 weeks after sowing or 14 days  after  submergence. The resulted data hopefully can be used as a consideration for swamp rice cultivation improvement effort.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79319405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lettuce and water spinach growth in silver catfish (Pangasius Sp) culture using aquaponic system","authors":"Y. Andriani, Z. Zahidah, Y. Dhahiyat, H. Hamdani, Ristiana Dewi","doi":"10.15575/8724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/8724","url":null,"abstract":"Solid and liquid wastes from feces and fish feed residues can affect water quality, which in turn affect fish physiological processes, behavior, growth and mortality. So it is necessary to have water quality management in the aquaponic system. This study aimed to observe the growth of lettuce and water spinach as biofilters in silver catfish culture (Pangasius sp) using aquaponic system. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, from March to April 2018. This was an experimental study using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two treatments and six repetitions to compare between combination of silver catfish and water spinach with silver catfish and lettuce combination. The parameters observed were fish growth, fish survival, increase in  stem length, and increase in the number of leaves. The results show silver catfish and water spinach combination produced the highest crop with a stem length of 38.7 cm and more leaves with an addition of 16 leaves. A higher absolute growth of 7.79 grams fish-1 and 100% survival are also seen in this combination. Furthermore, water spinach is more effective as biofilter for aquaponic systems than lettuce.Limbah padat dan cair dari feses dan sisa pakan ikan dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air, yang selanjutnya memengaruhi proses fisiologis ikan, perilaku, pertumbuhan, dan angka kematian. Sehingga perlu adanya manajemen kualitas air pada sistem akuaponik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pertumbuhan selada dan kangkung sebagai biofilter pada budidaya ikan lele (Pangasiussp) dengan sistem aquaponik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Padjadjaran dari bulan Maret hingga April 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua perlakuan dan enam ulangan untuk membandingkan kombinasi Ikan Patin dan kangkung dengan kombinasi lele dan selada. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertumbuhan ikan, kelangsungan hidup ikan, pertambahan panjang batang, dan pertambahan jumlah daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Kombinasi lele perak dan kangkung menghasilkan tanaman tertinggi dengan panjang batang 38,7 dan daun lebih banyak dengan penambahan 16 helai daun. Pertumbuhan absolut yang lebih tinggi sebesar 7,79 g ikan-1 dan kelangsungan hidup 100% juga terlihat pada kombinasi ini. Dengan demikan kangkung merupakan biofilter yang lebih efektif untuk aquaponik dibandingkan selada.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85597687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Komponen epidemi penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai di kecamatan baturaden kabupaten Banyumas","authors":"Nur’azizah Prihatiningsih, Heru Adi Djatmiko, Erminawati Erminawati","doi":"10.15575/8000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/8000","url":null,"abstract":"Penyakit antraknosa merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman cabai yang dapat menyebabkan kegagalan panen dan kerugian mencapai 80 %. Tujuan penelitian untuk menilai perkembangan penyakit antraknosa cabai di Kecamatan Baturraden, menguji pengaruh  komponen epideminya terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides dan penekanan penyakit pada buah cabai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive random sampling di empat desa di Kecamatan Baturraden Kabupaten Banyumas. Pengujian pengaruh komponen epidemi dilakukan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman Faperta Unsoed dengan menumbuhkan jamur C. gloeosporioides pada beberapa suhu dan menguji penekanan penyakit pada buah cabai.  Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Variabel pengamatan yaitu intensitas penyakit, laju infeksi, kecepatan pertumbuhan jamur, persentase penghambatan pertumbuhan jamur dan penekanan penyakit pada buah cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit antraknosa di desa Kemutug Lor menunjukkan intensitas penyakit tertinggi yaitu 76% dengan laju infeksi 0,345 unit/hari.  Suhu optimum yang mendukung  pertumbuhan C. gloeosporioides yaitu 29oC, dengan kecepatan pertumbuhan 14,72 mm.hari-1. Pertumbuhan C. gloeosporioides dihambat oleh bakteri endofit cabai BE2 sebesar 78,6%.  Bakteri endofit cabai dapat menekan penyakit antraknosa pada buah cabai dengan efektivitas 30,93%. Anthracnose is the main disease in chili that can cause crop failure and losses up to 80%. The aim of the study was to assess the development of chili anthracnose in the Baturraden district, to examine the effect of its epidemic components on the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and suppression of anthracnose. The research method used was a survey with purposive random sampling in four villages in Baturraden district, Banyumas Regency. Testing the effect of epidemic components was carried out in Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Unsoed by growing the C. gloeosporioides at several temperatures, and testing the disease suppression of chilies with chili endophytic bacteria. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design. The variables observed were disease intensity, infection rate, fungal growth rate, percentage of inhibition of fungal growth, and disease suppression in chilies. The results showed that chili anthracnose in the village of Kemutug  Lor showed the highest intensity of 76% with an infection rate of 0,345 units per day. The optimum temperature that supported the growth of C. gloeosporioides was 29oC with a growth rate of 14,72 mm day-1. Growth of C. gloeosporioides was inhibited by endophytic bacteria BE2 chili by 78,6%. Chili endophytic bacteria could suppress anthracnose in chilies by 30,93% effectivity.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91343005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}