Nachiket Deshpande, Moustafa S Hadi, Eleanor C Smith, Ayobami L Ward, Whitney E Muhlestein, James E Carpenter, Louis T Rodgers, Yamaan S Saadeh
{"title":"Timing of surgery for terrible triad of the shoulder: a systematic review.","authors":"Nachiket Deshpande, Moustafa S Hadi, Eleanor C Smith, Ayobami L Ward, Whitney E Muhlestein, James E Carpenter, Louis T Rodgers, Yamaan S Saadeh","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.00829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5397/cise.2024.00829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The terrible triad of the shoulder (STT) is an injury involving anterior shoulder dislocation, rotator cuff tear, and nerve injury. The optimal timing for rotator cuff repair (RCR) remains controversial, with some favoring early intervention and others recommending delaying surgery until nerve recovery. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, exploring STT treatment and RCR timing using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria: English language and human subjects. Exclusion criteria: non-English articles, reviews, cadaveric studies, and unrelated conditions. Time to surgery and outcomes related to shoulder and nerve function, such as range of motion, muscle strength, and sensation were analyzed qualitatively. Of 671 articles identified, 28 met inclusion criteria. Most patients underwent surgical RCR and demonstrated excellent functional and neurologic outcomes, with many achieving 150°+ flexion, 110°+ abduction, 4+/5 strength, and resolution of nerve hypoesthesia. RCR timing ranged from 10 days to 6 months, with comparable outcomes regardless of timing. Prompt RCR in STT may be beneficial for maximizing shoulder outcomes, while coexisting nerve injuries should be managed conservatively with watchful waiting, as most recover spontaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A rare case of pyomyositis with intramuscular hemangioma in the upper arm.","authors":"Ji Un Kim, Hyung Jun Park, Jung Ho Park","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.01004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5397/cise.2024.01004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intramuscular hemangiomas are infrequently considered in musculoskeletal pain differentials, particularly in the upper extremities, and their coexistence with infectious abscesses within the biceps brachii muscle is exceptionally rare. We report a case of intramuscular hemangioma with abscess formation in the biceps muscle of a 56-year-old male who presented with left upper arm pain and swelling, a hot sensation, redness, and limitations of elbow flexion and forearm supination. The level of C-reactive protein was high (25.43 mg/dL), and the visual analogue scale score was 10 with left upper arm and elbow movement before surgery. Plain radiograph revealed 3 small phleboliths. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an ill-defined enhancing lesion (2.5×2.7×9.8 cm) within the left lateral part of biceps muscle with increased T1-weighted signal throughout and a small, round, low-signal-intensity focus within the lesion, consistent with an intramuscular hemangioma, and a geographic non-enhancing area in the medial part of the biceps muscle, consistent with infectious myositis with abscess formation. We performed surgery for excision of the intramuscular hemangioma and drainage of the abscess in the biceps muscle. By 5 weeks post-surgery, all functional limitations had resolved, and no recurrence was observed at the 5-month follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Hee Baek, Bo Taek Kim, Jung Gon Kim, Chaemoon Lim
{"title":"A technique for arthroscopic-assisted lower trapezius transfer using an Achilles tendon allograft augmented with acellular dermal matrix to treat posterior superior irreparable rotator cuff tears in the lateral decubitus position.","authors":"Chang Hee Baek, Bo Taek Kim, Jung Gon Kim, Chaemoon Lim","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.00822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5397/cise.2024.00822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower trapezius tendon transfer has emerged as an effective treatment option with promising clinical outcomes for patients with posterior superior irreparable rotator cuff tears (PSIRCTs). This technique has gained considerable attention for PSIRCTs, with various modifications proposed by different authors. In this report, we present an arthroscopic-assisted approach to lower trapezius tendon transfer in patients with PSIRCT using an Achilles tendon allograft that is reinforced with an acellular dermal matrix graft. The procedure is conducted with the patient in the lateral decubitus position.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arcuate osteoplasty for brachial plexus paralysis after plate fixation of mid-clavicle fracture: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Dongju Shin, Jae Hwi Han","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.00717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5397/cise.2024.00717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brachial plexus paralysis is a rare but serious complication following clavicle fractures that is often linked to neurovascular compression, with an incidence of 0.5% to 9.0%. This report presents a case of brachial plexus paralysis in a 61-year-old woman after surgical fixation of a deformed mid-clavicle fracture with a metal plate. Revision surgery was performed to address the paralysis, involving removal of the metal plate, arcuate osteoplasty to create a smooth arch beneath the clavicle, and re-fixation of the plate with adjusted superior angularity. We used this approach to relieve neurovascular compression and restore thoracic outlet space. Over a period of 1 year, significant recovery and successful fracture union were achieved. This case demonstrates that managing brachial plexus paralysis with revision surgery and osteoplasty can effectively restore both neurological function and bone healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Boufadel, Ryan Lopez, Mohammad Daher, Jonathan Koa, Mohamad Y Fares, Jie J Yao, Joseph A Abboud
{"title":"Bilateral reverse shoulder arthroplasty: functional outcomes and technical considerations.","authors":"Peter Boufadel, Ryan Lopez, Mohammad Daher, Jonathan Koa, Mohamad Y Fares, Jie J Yao, Joseph A Abboud","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.00633","DOIUrl":"10.5397/cise.2024.00633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the incidence of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) continues to increase with its expanding indications, a growing number of patients are being considered for bilateral RSA. This review aims to explore the functional outcomes of patients with bilateral RSA and examine the effect of risk factors and implant positioning on internal rotation. Multiple studies have reported favorable results in bilateral RSA patients, with significantly improved patient-reported and clinical outcomes bilaterally. Although challenges remain in achieving reliable improvements in internal rotation following RSA, several studies to date have demonstrated that bilateral RSA patients are able to retain independence in personal hygiene and activities of daily living, with difficulty experienced primarily only in extreme internal rotation tasks, such as washing the back or securing a bra. Nevertheless, compensatory strategies can enable patients to manage these limitations effectively. Patients who have undergone bilateral RSA demonstrate functional outcomes and perform internal rotation tasks at a level comparable to that of patients who have undergone bilateral anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty or a combination of total shoulder arthroplasty and RSA. Risk factors for internal rotation deficits after RSA include poor preoperative functional internal rotation, increased body mass index, preoperative opioid use, and preoperative diagnosis of a massive irreparable rotator cuff tear. Lateralization and inferior positioning of the glenoid component as well as humeral component retroversion can increase functional internal rotation, while repairing the subscapularis does not appear to offer any clinically significant benefit. Although some patient and surgical factors have been associated with internal rotation deficits after RSA, further investigation is necessary to better characterize the underlying causes of this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":"28 1","pages":"113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamad Y Fares, Peter Boufadel, Jonathan Koa, Jaspal Singh, Ryan Lopez, Nabil Mehta, Kyle Achors, Joseph A Abboud
{"title":"Short-term outcomes of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with biceps augmentation of subscapularis peel repair.","authors":"Mohamad Y Fares, Peter Boufadel, Jonathan Koa, Jaspal Singh, Ryan Lopez, Nabil Mehta, Kyle Achors, Joseph A Abboud","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.00549","DOIUrl":"10.5397/cise.2024.00549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Augmenting subscapularis peel repairs with the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) may provide increased strength to the repaired construct. We aimed to report on the early outcomes of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) in patients whose subscapularis peel repairs were augmented with LHBT autografts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients who underwent aTSA with augmentation of subscapularis peel repair using LHBT were reviewed. Patients were included if they had a minimum 1-year follow-up. Preoperative demographics and intraoperative information were recorded. Primary outcomes were American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon (ASES) scores and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, which were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months, as well as changes in range of motion values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen patients with a mean age of 63.3 years and a mean follow-up of 12.4 months were included in the study. Six patients were female and 10 were male. Average LHBT length was 7.3 cm (range, 6.5-9.0 cm). Two patients were converted to reverse shoulder arthroplasty (12.5%). For the remaining 14 patients, there were statistically significant improvements exceeding the minimal clinically important difference in both ASES (34.1-92.1, P<0.001) and VAS (6.3-0.9, P<0.001) scores. Patients exhibited a mean improvement of 47.7° in forward elevation (P<0.001), 30.8° in abduction (P<0.001), 21.4° in external rotation (P<0.001), and a 3-level improvement for internal rotation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At 1-year minimum follow-up, patients who underwent aTSA with augmentation of the subscapularis peel repair with the LHBT demonstrated favorable outcomes. Level of evidence: IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":" ","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji Young Yoon, Sang Ok Chun, Joo Han Oh, Young Dae Jeon
{"title":"Rare complication of acute transient parotitis after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: a case report.","authors":"Ji Young Yoon, Sang Ok Chun, Joo Han Oh, Young Dae Jeon","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.00444","DOIUrl":"10.5397/cise.2024.00444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute postoperative parotitis, also known as anesthesia mumps, involves transient inflammation and enlargement of the parotid gland after general anesthesia. No case reports of acute postoperative parotitis after arthroscopic shoulder surgery have been reported to date. Therefore, we share our experience with a recent case of acute postoperative parotitis as a rare complication of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in lateral decubitus position. Symptoms can be unilateral or bilateral, painless, and often resolve spontaneously within hours or days; in rare cases, such as upper airway obstruction, the condition can be fatal. Treatment options for parotitis vary from conservative to surgical depending on severity, and outcomes also vary. Therefore, orthopedic surgeons should be aware that this rare complication can occur after surgery, and patients should be warned before surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":"28 1","pages":"121-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Footprint medialization with bone marrow stimulation versus conventional incomplete repair for chronic retracted rotator cuff tears.","authors":"Jung-Taek Hwang","doi":"10.5397/cise.2025.00017","DOIUrl":"10.5397/cise.2025.00017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surgical technique for secondary pectoralis major transfer after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty to treat residual internal rotation dysfunction.","authors":"Chang Hee Baek, Bo Taek Kim, Jung Gon Kim","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.00542","DOIUrl":"10.5397/cise.2024.00542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has emerged as a promising treatment option for rotator cuff tear arthropathy. However, concerns persist regarding horizontal rotational dysfunction after RSA. While many studies focus on improving external rotation after RSA, limited attention has been paid to internal rotation. In this technical note, we describe how to perform secondary pectoralis major transfer in a patient with residual internal rotation dysfunction after RSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":" ","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of a combined arthroscopic and antibiotic-impregnated bead approach for septic shoulder arthritis management: a case series.","authors":"Sung-Jin Park, Sam-Guk Park","doi":"10.5397/cise.2024.00584","DOIUrl":"10.5397/cise.2024.00584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined treatment approach for septic shoulder arthritis involving arthroscopic synovectomy and use of antibiotic-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) beads for localized antibiotic delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 22 patients with septic shoulder arthritis treated at our institution between 2017 and 2023. The treatment involved arthroscopic lavage, debridement, and insertion of antibiotic-impregnated PMMA beads. Patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively based on laboratory tests, imaging, joint fluid analysis, and physical examination. Treatment efficacy was assessed based on normalization of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, pain reduction as measured using a visual analog scale (VAS), and improvement in shoulder function according to Constant-Murley score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 22 patients demonstrated successful resolution of infection, with only one case of recurrence, leading to a notably low recurrence rate of 5%. Recurrence was determined based on clinical signs (aggravated pain, swelling, and fever) and laboratory markers (elevated CRP and white blood cell count). Mean follow-up duration was 20.2 months. Significant reductions in pain (average VAS score reduction from 8.1 to 2.4, P<0.001) were observed, and mean Constant-Murley score at final follow-up was 60.7, reflecting improved shoulder function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Arthroscopic debridement combined with localized antibiotic delivery using PMMA beads is an effective and safe treatment for septic shoulder arthritis. This method offers substantial advantages over traditional treatments, as evidenced by the very low recurrence rate. Level of evidence: IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":33981,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow","volume":"28 1","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}