Vegetable and Melon Growing最新文献

{"title":"ALLELOPATIC COMPATIBILITY OF COMMON BEAN AND COMPANION CROPS","authors":"N. V. Chefonova, D. V. Ivanin, O. D. Vitanov","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-59-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-59-71","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate the allelopathic compatibility of common bean seeds and companion crops, to establish interaction patterns using water extracts from seeds and other plant parts of common bean and companion crops. Methods. Laboratory, statistical. Results. Biotest: interaction of germinating seeds of bean and companion crops in Petri dishes. Biologically active substances from winter and spring triticale seeds (the bean seeds/seeds of companion crops ratio was 1:10) negatively affected bean seedlings, which was seen from all parameters under investigation: hypocotyl length (with the root included), length of the longest adventitious root, the adventitious root number, and true leaf length (with epicotyl included). At a ratio of 1:5, winter triticale-induced inhibition of hypocotyl growth was enhanced up to 38 %, while, on the contrary, spring triticale had a neutral effect on this parameter. A stimulating effect (106 %) of spring triticale seeds on the true bean leaf length (with epicotyl) was noted. For winter and spring triticale in a ratio of 1:1 (compared to the control – without seeds of companion crops), inhibition of the growth of the hypocotyl with the root by 21 % and the true leaf with the epicotyl by 10–9 %, respectively, is observed. Biotest: germination of bean seeds in a water extract from whole seeds of bean and companion crops in Petri dishes. Water extract from spring triticale seeds in a ratio of 1:2 had the greatest stimulating effect on the tap root and the first leaf lengths; winter triticale extract in a ratio of 1:4 had the greatest effect on the adventitious root an epicotyl lengths; bean extract in a ratio of 1:2 had the greatest effect on the epicotyl length. Biotest: germination of bean seeds in a water extract from vegetative mass, roots and post-harvest residues of bean and companion crops in Petri dishes. Water extracts from roots of bean, winter and spring triticale weakly inhibited the main bean root elongation. A neutral allelopathic effect on the bean seed germination was exerted by extract from post-harvest residues of spring triticale. A water extract from top parts of bean had a negative allelopathic effect on germinating bean seeds, indicating self-incompatibility of this crop. Conclusions. The laboratory tests showed that biologically active substances from seeds of both winter triticale and spring triticale at a ratio of 1:10 were toxic for bean ssedlings. Combined germination of bean and spring triticale seeds at a ratio of 1:5 had a more positive effect compared to other ratios of seeds of companion crops, and combined germination of bean seeds with spring and winter triticale seeds at a ratio of 1:1 demonstrated very similar parameters of germinating bean seeds. It was found that water extracts from bean and spring triticale in a ratio of 1:2 and from bean and winter triticale (1:4) had a clear allelopathic effect on the bean parameters. Water extracts from winter triticale (1:1) and spring tritic","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125371764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GOURD GROWING EFFICIENCY USING SILICON-CONTAINING FERTILIZERS IN THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE","authors":"O. Shablia, N. Kosenko, O. Kuts, V. Rud","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-70-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-70-80","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To evaluate the effect of pre-sowing soaking of seeds on the plant performance and economic efficiency of watermelon and melon growing on drip irrigation in the South of Ukraine. Methods. Field, measuring, computational, comparative, and mathematical/statistical methods, analysis of economic efficiency. Results. Pre-sowing soaking of seeds in solutions of silicon-containing fertilizers was shown to help obtain early and full-bodied watermelon and melon seedlings, increase the length and number of lateral shoots, and improve fruit setting. Balanced plant nutrition contributed to high performance of watermelon and melon plants in the South of Ukraine. The highest yields of watermelon (23.4 t /ha) and melon (17.5 t/ha) fruits were harvested with 10% Quantum AquaSil solution, which increased the yield by 35.3 and 35.7%, respectively, compared to the untreated control. Silicon-containing fertilizers, 15% Bai-Si and Kelik PotassiumSilicon solutions, increased the fruit yield in watermelon fields by 22.5% and 19.7%, respectively, compared to the untreated control. The greatest economic effect of watermelon and melon growing was achieved by soaking seeds in 10% Quantum AquaSil solution prior to sowing; the profitability amounted to 122 and 101%, respectively. Conclusions. Pre-sowing soaking of seeds in silicon-containing fertilizer solutions contributed to high performance of plants and allowed increasing the economic efficiency of cultivation. The maximum percentage of fruit setting was recorded after seed treatment with 10% Quantum AquaSil solution. For example, this parameter was 67% in watermelon ‘Charivnyk’ and 87% in ‘Didona’ melon. In the south of Ukraine, the economic effect of outdoor watermelon and melon cultivation increased by 16,030–19,220 UAH/ha and 21,230–26,340 UAH/ha, respectively.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117190853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONTROL OF WHITE CABBAGE DISEASES USING BIOLOGICALS","authors":"V. Serhiienko, O. Borzykh, H. Tkalenko, H. O. Balan","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-81-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-81-88","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate effects of biologicals on disease-induced damage to white cabbage plants during the growing period and on yield. Methods. Informational/analytical (collection and review of publications), field research (planning and conducting experiments, records of plant damage, harvesting and accounting of yields), phytopathological (isolation and identification of pathogens), mathematical/statistical (processing of data). The following biologicals were used in he experiments: Azotobacterin liq. (Azotobacter chroococcum IMV B-7171), Ecophosphorin liq. (Bacillus megaterium IMV B-7168, Azotobacter chroococcum IMV B7171, Agrobacterium radiobacter IMV B-7246), Planrhiz liq. (Pseudomonas fluorescens), Haupsin liq. (Pseudomonas auerofaciens), Serenade ASO SC, Serenade MAX WP (Bacillus subtilis QST 713), and Trichodermin liq. (Trichoderma lignorum TD 93). Biologicals were sprayed on plants 3-4 times during the cabbage growing period. Antifungal potentials of mixtures of biologicals with fungicides were also investigated on white cabbage. Results. During the study years, Alternaria leaf spot, Fusarium wilt, black and soft rots were dominating diseases on plantations with different varieties of white cabbage. Biologicals effectively restrained the development of both fungal and bacterial diseases of white cabbage. The protective effect of the biologicals against fungal diseases averaged 45-62%, against bacterial diseases – 65-79%. The effectiveness of mixtures of biologicals and chemicals, in which fungicides were applied at minimally permissible doses, was similar to that of fungicides applied at full doses. Biologicals, due to their protective and growthstimulating properties, significantly increased the crop yield. Conclusions. The potentials of biologicals to control fungal and bacterial diseases of white cabbage during the growing period were evaluated. The biologicals effectively limited infection-inflicted damage to cabbage. The protective effect of the biologicas against various diseases of white cabbage during the growing period of different varieties averaged 45-79%. The biologicals increased the yields of late-ripening white cabbage varieties on average by 14.5–92%.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114223785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DOMINANCE AND HETEROSIS IN F1 WATERMELON HYBRIDS","authors":"O. V. Serhiienko, O. M. Shabetia, Z. Linnik, M. Serhiienko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-32-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-32-39","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To evaluate heterosis in new F1 hybrids and to select the best ones with the greatest dominance and heterosis for the \"growing period length\", \"yield\", \"marketability\" and \"mean marketable fruit weight\" traits for further use in breeding for heterosis. Object. Twenty-seven F1 watermelon hybrids and 22 parents. Methods. General scientific, measuring and weighing, computational and statistical. Results. F1 watermelon hybrids and their parents were screened for the following characteristics: lengths of interphase periods, total yield, marketability, and mean marketable fruit weight. Analysis of the growing period and its parts showed that in the hybrids the \"emergence - ripening\" period ranged 71 to 80 days in 2021 and 60 to 84 days in 2022. The variation limits were from 6 to 24 days. The \"anthesis of male flowers - anthesis of female flowers\" and \"anthesis of female flowers – fruit setting\" were the most stable interphase periods across the years both in the hybrids and in the parents. Eleven hybrids were classed as ultra-early, as their \"emergence - ripening\" period did not last longer than 63 days in 2022 or 72 days in 2021. On average in the hybrids across the study years, the variation amplitude (Am) of the \"total yield\" trait was 30.9 t/ha; of the “marketability” trait – 16%; of the \"mean marketable fruit weight\" trait – 2.9 kg. In the parents, Am was 43.1 t/ha, 20% and 2.8 kg for the ‘total yield’, ‘marketability” and \"mean marketable fruit weight\" traits, respectively. The variation limits (Lim) of the \"yield\" and \"marketability\" traits in the parents were wider than those in the hybrids. On the opposite, the variation limits of the \"% to the check accession\" and \"mean marketable fruit weight\" traits in the study years were wider in the hybrids. In breeding for yield, 10 F1 hybrids, which were significantly superior to the check F1 hybrid, ‘Kazka’, (130-166% to the check hybrid), are of practical value. Analysis of dominance and heterosis in the F1 hybrids allowed us to select the best combinations with the greatest dominance and heterosis for yield (hp=0.39-3.94; X=101-136), marketability (hp=0.11-7.00; X=101-106) and mean marketable fruit weight (hp=0.26-99.00; X=100-164). Based on high indicators of dominance and heterosis, 10 F1 hybrids were selected for further breeding; they were also noticeable for a set of economically valuable characteristics: early ripening, high yield, marketability, evenness, resistance to biotic factors, etc. Fruits of the selected hybrids are attractive in appearance and have excellent palatability. The selected F1 hybrids are valuable for breeding to create competitive first-generation watermelon hybrids. Conclusions. The interphase periods that were most stable across the years were determined. Eleven ultra-early hybrids were selected. Ten F1 hybrids, which in two study years were significantly superior to the check F1 hybrid, ‘Kazka’, (130-166% to the check hybrid), are of practical value. High mar","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134402470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAIN PERIODS OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF F1 CUCUMBER HYBRIDS AND THEIR YIELDS DEPENDING ON WEATHER","authors":"O. V. Serhiienko, T. M. Нarbovska, L. D. Solodovnik, L. O. Radchenko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-23-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-23-31","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To evaluate effects of weather on growth and development of cucumber plants, lengths of the main interphase periods, and cucumber yield the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine; to select breedingvaluable genotypes for heterosis breeding under climatic changes. Methods. Field, analytical, measuring, statistical. Results. The study was conducted outdoors at the Institute of Vegetable and Melon Growing of NAAS in 2019–2020. The weather in the study years varied significantly, allowing us to assess its influence on phenological processes of growth and development of cucumber plants. Summarizing the results, we established that sufficiently high average daily air temperature (25.3–25.8 °С), a large amount of unevenly distributed precipitation (0–104 mm), with little or no precipitation during certain phases of cucumber development, significantly affected the growing period length and yield of the cucumber hybrids under investigation. We found that the onset of mass anthesis of female flowers did not vary significantly across the years, averaging 33–36 days. (35 days in the check accession). Fructification started on day 37–40 in 2019 and on day 42–45 in 2020, which was 4–6 days later. Fructification lasted 32–40 days in 2019 and 20–24 days in 2020, which was 12–16 days longer. Analysis of the cucumber yield dynamics over the study years showed that the weather in 2019 was more favorable for the growth and development of cucumber plants. Thus, in 2019, the total yields of hybrids ranged 20.8 t/ha to 64.9 t/ha. In 2020, at high temperatures and low air humidity, the total yield was 12.7–26.9 t/ha, which was significantly lower (by 41.4–61.0 %). Conclusions. The weather in the study years reflected the climate instability in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The lengths the main periods of the growth and development of cucumber hybrid plants and their yields were revealed to vary significantly under variable growing conditions. We selected hybrids with annual parameters that would be valuable for further breeding: by early ripeness – F1 ‘BD 96-18’ / ‘Tsezar’, F1 ‘RD 96 2-95’/ ‘Dzherelo’, F1 ‘RD 96 2-95’ / ‘Heim’ and F1 ‘Mah-62’ / ‘Toma-18’ (42 days); by fructification length – F1 ‘RD 96 2-95’/‘Dzherelo’ (35 days), F1 ‘Mah-62’ / ‘Toma-18’, F1 ‘BD 96-18’/ ‘Heim’ and F1 ‘RD 96 2-95/‘Heim’ (32 days); by yield capacity – F1 ‘Mah-62’ / ‘Toma-18’ (45,9 t/ha), F1 ‘BD 96-18’/ ‘Toma-18’ (39,3 t/ha), F1 ‘Krak’ / ‘RD-96 2-95’ (36,8 t/ha), F1 ‘RD 96 2-95’/ ‘Heim’ (35,8 t/ha), F1 ‘BD 96-18’/ ‘Heim’ (34,6 t/ha), and F1 ‘RD 96 2-95’/ ‘Dzherelo’ (34.2 t/ha). The selected hybrids yielded significantly more than the check F1 hybrid ‘Ajax’ (by 80-142 % or by 19.0 t/ha).","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122989994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SELENIUM-CONTAINING BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOSITE FORMULATIONS AS EFFECTIVE GROWTH REGULATORS FOR IMPROVING SOWING QUALITY OF SEEDS AND MORPHO-BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WHITE AND PURPLE CABBAGE HEADS","authors":"S. Kondratenko, P. H. Dulnev, N. O. Kyriukhina, I. Pidlubenko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-13-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-13-22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Purpose. To analyze regulatory effects of selenium-containing biologically active formulations manufactured in Ukraine on the sowing quality of seeds and on morpho-biological parameters (level and uniformity) of productive organs (heads) in varietal populations of cabbage plants. Methods: General scientific, measuring, weighing, and variation statistics. Results. The regulatory effects of selenium-containing composite formulations, D-8SЕ and D-АМSSЕ, were tested on three white cabbage varieties (Kharkivska Zymova, Ukrainska Osin, and Bilosnizhka) and one purple cabbage variety (Paleta). D-AMSSE was more effective; the cabbage varieties differently responded to its application, depending on genotypes, however they similarly increased the head weight (by 22–23 %). An analogous pattern was observed for head density (it increased by 13-22 %). In the control, there was a medium or strong correlation between the head weight and head volume. Depending on treatment with the studied formulations, a stable increase in the Pearson's pairwise correlation coefficient (rp) was noted for the four cabbage varieties (rp = 0.55...0.95). D-8SE and D-AMSSE positively affected the sowing qualities of cabbage. A statistically significant increase in the seed germination energy by 8.99–15.64 %, laboratory (by 10.25–19.18 %) and field (by 13.05–23.24 %) germination abilities was observed in the four varieties. Conclusion. Tests of D-8SЕ and D-АМSSЕ confirmed theirhigh efficiency as growth regulators to optimize the growth of apical meristems of cabbage plants, making formation and maturation of heads more even and uniform within the varietal populations. D-8SE and D-AMSSE beneficially affected the sowing quality of cabbage compared to the standard growth regulator - gibberellic acid (GA3). In particular, for Kharkivska Zymova, there was 0.80- to 1.23-fold advantage of the composite formulations in the field germination ability. In Ukrainska Osin, this there was a 1.38- to 2.05-fold","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114645926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF PROMISING SHALLOT ACCESSIONS","authors":"O. M. Bilenka, T. M. Horhan, I. Pidlubenko, O. Ovchinnikova, L. Y. Shtepa","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-6-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-6-12","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological stability and high adaptive potential are the main factors for stable performance and yield of agricultural crops under changing environmental conditions; therefore the selection of stress-resistant genotypes is relevant at all stages of breeding. Purpose. To evaluate and select promising breeding accession of shallots by adaptive potential for the \"green leaf yield\" trait and its components. Methods. Field, laboratory, computational and analytical methods were used in the study. The study was conducted in outdoors at the Institute of Vegetable and Melon Growing of NAAS in 2017–2020. Five breeding hybrid accessions were investigated. Lira was the check variety. Results. Having assessed the adaptive potentials of 5 breeding accessions of shallot, we selected a promising environmentally stable accession, D-57, which was noticeable for a high yield of green leaves (5.6 kg/m2) in combination with the highest general adaptive capacity (GAC = 1.3), high stability (bi = 0.4) and genomic breeding value (GBV = 2.7) for this trait. As to the adaptive potential for the \"plant height\" trait, the D-57 accessions also stood out; it was characterized by high general adaptive capacity (GAC = 1.3), relative stability (Sgi = 10.9 %) and genomic breeding value (GBV = 23.4). This accession was also the best in terms of the \"plant weight\": trait with the genomic breeding value (GBV = 42.4), it had the largest plant weight including a bulb (75.4 g), combined high general (GAC = 17.3) and specific adaptive capacity (SAC= 129.3) with high plasticity (bi = 2.6). Conclusions. The comprehensive study of the adaptive potential of 5 promising forms of shallots distinguished the D-57 accession, which was superior to the check variety, Lira, in terms of green leaf yield, plant height and weight (including a bulb) and had a high adaptive potential and genomic breeding value for these traits.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127849063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BREEDING VALUE OF SHALLOT CULTIVARS AND LOCAL FORMS IN TERMS OF ECONOMIC CHARACTERS FOR THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"Z. Sych, S. Kubrak, L. Shubenko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-40-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-40-49","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To indentify the best shallot cultivars and local forms by growing period length, bulb yield, leaf productivity, and bulb weight and number per clump in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Statistical processing, field assessments, computational and analytical methods. Results. Collection shallot accessions were evaluated for growing period lengthand, bulb weight, number and performance. Earlyripening accession ‘Sh-8’ with a vegetation period of 74 days was selected. Local form ‘Sh-1’ from the Kyivska Oblast region turned out to be the best in terms of the mean bulb weight per clump (26.7 g). Accessions from Kyivska (‘Sh-1’, ‘Sh-2’), Dnipropetrovska (‘Sh-6’, ‘Sh-9’), and Chernihivska (‘Sh-10’) Oblasts yielded the most (30.5, 25.4, 18.9, 18.1, and 19.4 t/ha, respectively). The check cultivar, ‘Lira’, yielded 15.5 t/ha. The smallest yields were harvested from the following accessions: ‘Sh-4’ (12.2 t/ha), ‘Sh-7’ (12.0 t/ha), ‘Sh-11’ (11.9 t/ha), ‘Sh-12’ (13.8 t/ha ha), ‘Sh-13 (13.2 t/ha), and ‘Sh-14’ (13.0 t/ha). Two accessions, which came from the Kyivska (‘Sh-3)’ and Dnipropetrovska (‘Sh-6’) Oblasts were found to be best adapted to the environmental conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Their Lewis’s phenotypic stability factors were close to 1. A local form from the Dnipropetrovska Oblast, ‘Sh 9’ was the worst adapted accessions, as its Lewis’s phenotypic stability factor was as high as 1.2. The maximum leaf length was recorded for accessions from the Kyivska (‘Sh-1’, ‘Sh-2’; 38.0 and 35.8 cm, respectively) and Chernihivska (‘Sh-10’; 36.2 cm) Oblasts. Conclusions. Due to this study, shallot accessions with short growing periods, great weights and numbers of bulbs and yield were selected for the conditions in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. ‘Sh-1’ sample originating from the Kyivska Oblast showed the best results in terms of the bulb weight (26.7 g) and yield (30.5 t/ha). However, it turned out to be late-ripening (86 days), and only formed on average 4 bulbs per clump. The maximum leaf length was 38 cm was. ‘Sh-8’, a local form from the Dnipropetrovska Oblast, was the most early-ripening (74 days).","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129231327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ЗОНАЛЬНО АДАПТОВАНІ РІШЕННЯ В ОВОЧІВНИЦТВІ","authors":"V. P. Rud, Ye. M. Ilinova, O. M. Mohylna, L. Terokhina, E. O. Dukhin","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2022-72-89-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2022-72-89-98","url":null,"abstract":"Актуальність. Питання детального аналізу можливих проблем і перспектив адаптації новітніх зональних техніко технологічних рішень щодо виробництва овочевої продукції в сучасних умовах є достатньо актуальними для функціонування аграрної сфери. Мета – проаналізувати стан галузі, здійснити прогноз розвитку овочівництва на перспективу та навести аналіз результатів досліджень впровадження інноваційних рішень в овочівництві. Матеріали і методи. Методологічною базою дослідження стали наукові праці з проблем формування та функціонування овочевого ринку. Використовувалися методи: групування, монографічний, систематизування. Результати досліджень. У статті здійснено аналіз сучасного стану виробництва овочів в Україні, встановлено основні проблеми його розвитку в сучасних умовах. На підставі досліджень проаналізовано стан галузі, здійснено прогноз розвитку овочівництва України та наведено результати досліджень з розробки та удосконалення зонально адаптованих технологій вирощування овоче-баштанної продукції. Встановлено доцільність використання запропонованих інновацій, визначено їх привабливість та ефективність для конкретних умов виробництва з метою підвищення науково-технічного прогресу в АПК. Доведено необхідність пошуку базових господарств у різних ґрунтово-кліматичних зонах України для здійснення апробації, виробничої перевірки та трансферу інноваційних розробок, з комплексним науковим забезпеченням. Встановлено, що впровадження зонально адаптованих рішень в овочівництві дозволить вирішити питання економічної самостійності окремих регіонів, продовольчої безпеки громад, підвищити рівень координації системи дій органів управління, суб’єктів господарювання, науковців та інвесторів на з асадах сталого розвитку в умовах військової агресії, або післявоєнного відновлення країни. Висновки. Ефективний розвиток галузі овочівництва необхідно спрямувати по шляху: впровадження інтенсивних, ресурсозберігаючих технологій виробництва овочевої продукції; оптимізації структури посівних площ основних сільськогосподарських культур на основі науково-обґрунтованих рекомендацій з урахуванням природно-економічних зон; раціонального використання зрошуваних земель; впровадження сучасних сортів, гібридів овочевих культур; науково-методичного забезпечення сільськогосподарського виробництва, поширення інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій. ","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115737559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА КУЛІНАРНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ КАРТОПЛІ","authors":"L. M. Puzik, V. K. Puzik","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2022-72-79-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2022-72-79-88","url":null,"abstract":"Мета. Дослідження кулінарних властивостей та збереженість різних сортів картоплі і зміна їх під час зберігання. Методи: лабораторний, метод математичної статистики. Результати. На формування смаку впливає вміст компонентів хімічного складу. Встановлено, вміст компонентів хімічного складу бульб картоплі залежать від сортових особливостей. Вміст сухих речовин у бульбах коливався від 19,4 % у сорту Бернадетте до 20,8 % у Курас, вміст крохмалю 14,2–17,1 % відповідно. Після очищення в бульбах втрачається сухих речовин на 20–22 % від їх вмісту. Визначена комплексна оцінка кулінарних властивостей сортів картоплі та їх зміни під час зберігання. На початку зберігання в середньому картопля мала 13,6 % очисток. Найбільше їх було у сорту Курас (16,3 %), сорт Бернадетте з мілкими вічками мав найменшу кількість очисток (12,4 %). За період зберігання картоплі кількість очисток в неї збільшувалося до 2,1 % (сорт Курода). Найбільш економічними в цьому виявився сорт Бернадетте (1 %). Восени по збільшенню кількості очисток є сорти Роко (1,7 %), Курас (1,9 %), Беллароза (2,0 %). Вища збереженість спостерігалась у сортів Беллароза та Роко. Вихід товарної продукції був відповідно 93,20 і 91,10 %. Природні втрати маси за період зберігання в середньому у бульб всіх сортів становили 4,22±0,67 %, із них 72,9 % за рахунок випаровування вологи, а 27,1 % – за рахунок дихання. Нижча втрата маси спостерігалась у сорту картоплі Беллароза і становила 3,55 %. У сортів картоплі, що вивчалися втрата маси коливалась з середньою силою, коефіцієнт варіації – 19,5 %. Сенсорні показники, стан м’якуша залежать від особливості сорту. Дослідженням встановлено, смак бульб має сильний кореляційний зв'язок з розвареністю та борошнистістю відповідно (r = 0,87, r = 0, 89). Висновки. Проведена в роботі систематизація досліджених сортів картоплі за призначенням, дозволила відзначити наступні рекомендації: для виробництва продовольчої картоплі можна рекомендувати сорти Беллароза, Роко; для виробництва хрусткої картоплі і сушених картоплепродуктів найбільш придатні сорти Беллароза і Курас; для переробки на крохмаль рекомендуються сорти: Курас; для приготування гарніру для дієтичного харчування сорт картоплі Роко та Бернадетте.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117137123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}