Vegetable and Melon Growing最新文献

{"title":"STATE AND PROSPECTS OF WHITE HEAD CABBAGE PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE. EVALUATION OF TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"V. Rud, L. Terokhina, L. L. Leus, O. Shablia, V. A. Vitoptova, N. M. Dmytrenko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-94-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-94-106","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To overview the white head cabbage market in Ukraine, outline major problems, assess production capacity, and determine directions for improving efficiency in the future. Methods. Mathematical/statistical methods, grouping, analysis of time series, abstract-logical and dialectical approaches of cognition. Results. The current state of white head cabbage production in Ukraine is discussed. The shares of this crop in the total sown area and gross vegetable production have been determined; data on the location of white head cabbage production in different natural-climatic zones of Ukraine and farm categories have been summarized. The causes restraining the effective development of this segment of the vegetable market have been elucidated; they include outdated technologies and lack of innovations; few facilities for finishing, packaging, storage, and processing; lack of professional branding and effective infrastructure; weak development of agro-logistics; non-compliance of domestic vegetable products with European standards. The general strategy and priority areas of scientific support for future white head cabbage production in the context of integration processes are outlined. Conclusions. As the material well-being of the population rises, the food basket structure changes towards increased consumption of vegetables, including white cabbage. To justify the future development of vegetable growing in Ukraine, one should be guided by this benchmark, along with the expediency of the maximum use of the available natural and economic potentials for white head cabbage production. The further development of white head cabbage production in Ukraine must be directed towards high-intensity production based on the scientifically sound introduction of new high-yielding cultivars and hybrids with good palatability. At the same time, in the future, technical re-equipment of vegetable growing, development of information support, creation of marketing services, and development of market infrastructure will be required.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":" March","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES OF POST-HARVEST PROCESSING OF VEGETABLES AND FRUITS","authors":"L. M. Puzik, V. K. Puzik","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-72-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-72-83","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To analyze the current use of edible coatings for post-harvest processing of vegetables and fruits aimed at reducing losses and maintaining quality during storage. Results. Analysis of recent Ukrainian and foreign scientific and patent literature showed that the main advantages of coatings were based on such features as cost, availability, functionality, mechanical properties, optical properties, barrier capacity against gas flow, structural resistance to water and microorganisms, and sensory acceptability. They are used in combinations with bioactive compounds that confer additional functions on foods and extend their shelf lives. Conclusion. Transpirable coatings of fruits and vegetables slow down the post-harvest ripening processes in fresh products, preventing their further degradation and rotting. They are easier to use in packaging plants, require less investment and even outperform state-of-the-art packaging such as modified atmosphere packaging. Such protection mostly does not entail toxicological problems. Such coatings facilitate manufacturing and transport companies' work. Crops can stay in the field longer, continue to ripen, and can be harvested later because the risk of rot during transport and retail is reduced. In this way, the waste amount throughout agricultural production in general is decreased.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICALS AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE SOWING QUALITY OF EGGPLANT SEEDS","authors":"S. Shchetyna, O. O. Kichihina, O. I. Ulianych","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-59-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-59-71","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate effects of biologicals with fungicidal and stimulating activities and natural and synthetic plant growth regulators on the sowing quality of seeds of various eggplant hybrids. Methods. Laboratory methods in compliance with DSTU 4138:2002. Results. Soaking of seeds of various eggplant hybrids in Phytocid, Mycosan-B, PhytoHelp, MycoHelp, Azotophyt, Vympel, Humisol, Ivin, and Emistim C solutions had positive effects on the sowing quality of seed: the germination energy increased on average by 1–34% and the laboratory germinability – by 2–28%. Regardless of the hybrid, soaking of seeds in Phytocid, PhytoHelp, and MycoHelp solutions significantly increased the germination energy by 34.2%, 32.5%, and 32.5%, respectively, compared to the control and the laboratory germinability of seeds by 27.6%, 27, 4% and 27.4%, respectively. When plant growth regulators Azotophyt, Ivin, and Emistim C were applied, the germination energy and laboratory germinability increased on average by 18–28% and 15–24%, respectively, compared to the control. With Mycosan-B, Vympel, and Humisol, the germinability and germination energy of seeds did not differ from the control levels. Soaking of eggplant seeds in solutions of the studied formulations positively affected the seedling length: there was on average a 1.24- to 1.94-fold elongation of seedlings. It was found that seeds of the investigated eggplant hybrids were contaminated with phytopathogenic micromycetes and, depending on damage degree, the hybrids were ranked in the following order: 'Sapfir'> 'Sharapova', 'Samurai' > 'Leire' > 'Night Lady', 'Fabina' > 'Destan'. Mycosan-B, Vympel, and Humisol were little effective (2.5–6.3%) against phytopathogens in comparison with the other formulations. Phytocid, PhytoHelp, and MycoHelp exerted potent fungicidal effects, which varied on different hybrids: 42.5–68.8%, 30.0–65.6%, and 32.5–65.6%, respectively. The fungicidal effectiveness of Ivin and Emistim C was 20.3% and 18.8%, respectively. Conclusions. Soaking of eggplant seeds in solutions of biologicals (Phytocid, PhytoHelp, and MycoHelp) and synthetic and natural plant growth regulators (Ivin and Emistim C, respectively) was shown to beneficially affect the sowing quality of seeds and suppress fungal phytopathogens. The greatest stimulatory effects of Phytocid, PhytoHelp, MycoHelp, Ivin, and Emistim C on the sowing quality of seeds were seen on hybs. 'Destan', 'Leire', and 'Fabina'. 51–58% suppression of phytopathogens was achieved when eggplant seeds were soaked in Phytocid, PhytoHelp, and MycoHelp; Ivin and Emistim C resulted in 19–20% suppression. The greatest suppression of phytopathogens on eggplant seeds was observed on hybs. 'Destan', 'Leire', 'Night Lady', and 'Fabina'.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":" 77","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IN-STORAGE WEIGHT LOSS BY TABLE BEETROOTS DEPENDING ON THE ROOT PULP STRUCTURE","authors":"L. M. Puzik, V. K. Puzik, V. A. Bondarenko, D. V. Chuiko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-84-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-84-93","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - to determine the in-storage weight loss by table beetroots depending on the root pulp structure. Methods. 1. General scientific: hypotheses – drawing up designs of experiments; experiments - conducting laboratory tests; analysis and synthesis – summarizing and concluding. 2. Computantional and analytical. Results. Beetroots naturally lose their weight during storage and this process is uneven. At the beginning, it is quite rapid, then it gradually slows down, accelerating in spring. Of the studied beet cultivars, the greatest losses of weight during storage were registered for cvs. 'Renova' and 'Tsylindra'. The weight loss by beetroots was correlated with a decrease in the dry matter content, which was spent on the respiration of beetroots to support their vital activity. In beet cvs. 'Renova' and 'Opolskyi', the decrease in the dry matter during storage was greater, amounting to 5.6 and 4.5%, respectively. There was a relationship between cell area and in-storage water evaporation. It was revealed that in cells with the largest area of 140.04·103 μm, the evaporation-caused losses amounted to 77.7% (cv. 'Karilon'), while in cells with the smallest area of 62.89·103 μm, this parameter was only 10.5% (cv. 'Opolskyi'). Conclusions. There was a direct strong correlation between water evaporation and cell size (r = 0.791). There was a significant second-order curvilinear dependence of beetroot weight loss on cultivars' features (R2 = 0.6041–0.9910).","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VEGETABLE BEAN IN POLYCROPPING","authors":"N. V. Chefonova, O. D. Vitanov, O. Alfyorov, D. V. Ivanin, S. M. Datsenko, O. O. Chaiuk","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-46-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-46-58","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To scientifically justify the influence of protection systems (biological, chemical) on the growth and development of bean plants in strip cropping. Methods. Field, statistical. Results. To create a polycrop agrogroup, strips that were multiples of the rig width (for example, 2.8 m, 4.2 m, 5.6 m, etc.) were formed. Solid-planted companion crops (spiked cereals [for example, winter triticale – the most optimal forecrop for bean]) were grown in alkalized strips, and bean was grown in non-alkalized strips. Crops were rotated by periodic alternating alkalized and non-alkalized strips. A clear pattern was revealed: the farther bean plants from the companion crops (70 cm, 140 cm, 210 cm) were, the taller they were: when sown with winter triticale, their height increased from 57 cm to 59 cm; when sown with spring triticale, it increased from 54 cm to 58 cm. On average for two years, a clear similar trend was observed for bush width: the farther bean plants from the companion crops (70 cm, 140 cm, 210 cm) were, the wider bean bush became: when sown with winter triticale, the bush width increased from 55 cm up to 59 cm; when sown with spring triticale, it increased from 54 cm to 57 cm. The farther bean rows from the companion crops were, the fewer nodules per plant formed: when the bean was sown with winter triticale, the nodule number decreased from 110/plant to 95/plant; when it was sown with spring triticale, this parameter decreased from 68/plant to 53/plant. In 2022, the bean sown with winter triticale as a predecessor and companion crop in the strip cropping was least affected by Alternaria leaf spot (5–9%); when the bean was sown with spring triticale as a companion crop, the Alternaria leaf spot prevalence ranged from 11 to 13%. In 2023, with winter triticale as a companion crop and predecessor, the bean anthracnose prevalence was 13–20%; in the other variants, it amounted to 35–40%. Conclusions. Strip cropping, in particular with vegetable bean, is a promising trend in organic farming. The farther bean plants from the companion crops (70 cm, 140 cm, 210 cm) were, the taller they were and the wider bean bushes became, but the number of nitrogen-fixing nodules, on the contrary, decreased. The biological regimen of plant protection restrained the Alternaria leaf spot and bean anthracnose development on bean plants where winter triticale was a companion crop and forecrop.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTS OF FERTILIZATION REGIMENS ON THE FRUIT YIELD AND QUALITY OF CUCUMBER CULTIVAR ‘DZHERELO’","authors":"O. V. Kuts, V. Mykhailyn, Ye. M. Iliinova, V. V. Kokoiko, O. Zhernova, S. A. Rudoi","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-25-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-25-33","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This is research relevant because the effects of different fertilization regimens on the fruit yield and quality of cucumber cv. ‘Dzherelo’ grown in an irrigated vegetable–forage rotation in the Left–Bank Forest–Steppe of Ukraine have been studied. Purpose: to evaluate the effects of different ways of optimizing nutrition regimens on the fruit yield and quality of cucumber cv. ‘Dzherelo’. Methods. Field, computational and statistical. Results. The effects of different fertilization regimens have been studied: mineral, organic, organic–mineral, resource–saving (local mineral fertilization), and complex with a calculated dose of mineral fertilizers and trace elements (foliar fertilizing with Reakom – R – cucumbers). The most effective fertilization regimens increasing the fruit yield and quality of cucumber cv. ‘Dzherelo’ grown in an irrigated vegetable–forage rotation have been selected. The nitrate content in cucumbers was shown to increase to 89.0–93.4 mg/kg of fresh weight after mineral fertilization, which was higher than the nitrate content after the other tested fertilization regimens but did not exceed the maximum permissible level of nitrates in outdoor–grown fresh cucumbers (MPL = 150 mg/kg). Conclusions. It was found that N, P and K from fertilizers were the most effectively absorbed by cucumber plants with broadcast mineral fertilizer at N90P60K60. In this variant, the utilization coefficients were as follows: nitrogen – 54%, phosphorus – 18.8%, and potassium – 51.8%. High yields (20.3 and 18.3 t/ha), marketability (87.7 and 88.0%) and fruit quality (dry matter content = 4.32–4.66%; total sugar content = 2.28–2 .35%; vitamin C content = 11.93–12.47 mg/100 g; nitrate content = 82.6–89.0 mg/kg) were recorded when cucumber cv. ‘Dzherelo’ was fertilized with broadcast mineral fertilizers at N200P210K200 with additional foliar fertilization with Reakom – R – cucumbers complex fertilizer or fertilized with organic–mineral fertilizers (66 t/ha of manure + broadcast N90P60K60), respectively.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"75 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS, DEVELOPMENT AND SPREAD OF DISEASES IN POTATO CROPS USING PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS","authors":"Ya.Yu. Martseniuk","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-34-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2024-75-34-45","url":null,"abstract":"Objective.  To study the effect of growth regulators and planting dates on chlorophyll content, quality indicators, disease susceptibility and yield of potato tubers. Methods. Field, namely visual and measurement-weight; laboratory; statistical; calculation-comparative. Results. In 2020-2023, comprehensive studies were conducted on the influence of growth regulators Phytosubtyl, IntraCell, Kartoplex and planting dates on the content of pigments in potato leaves, biochemical parameters of potato tubers and the yield of the ultra-early Radomysl and mid-ripening Myroslava varieties. The use of plant growth regulators on potatoes contributed to an increase in the level of yield and biochemical parameters of the crop. In particular, the greatest increase in tubers in both varieties was provided by the Kartoplex, increasing the yield by 12.0–25.3 %. Plant regulators had a positive effect on the starch and dry matter content of potato tubers. Thus, in comparison with the control variant, the starch content of the Myroslava variety increased by 1.7–2.1%, dry matter by 1.4–2.97%, and the Radomysl variety by 0.7–2.0 and 1.5–2.88%, respectively. The maximum value of vitamin C content was recorded in 2023 in the Myroslava variety 23.4, in the Radomysl variety 20.3 mg/%, and the minimum in 2022 – Myroslava 21.3, Radomysl 18.1 mg/%. On average, over the years of studies, the use of growth regulators contributed to an increase in the content of vitamin C in potato tubers of Radomysl and Myroslava varieties as follows: for the Radomysl variety – Phytosubtyl by 9.1–10.9 mg/%, IntraCell: by 2.8–5.1 mg/%, Kartoplex: by 11.8–14.0 mg/%; for the Myroslava variety: Phytosubtyl – an increase of 5.2–11.0 mg/%, IntraCell 6.8–8.3 mg/%, Kartoplex 16.2–18.1 mg/%. The analysis of variance of the obtained data showed that the following factors had the greatest influence on the content of the sum of chlorophylls in potato leaves: varietal characteristics (factor A): this factor had the greatest influence on the content of chlorophylls, the share of which was 34.9 %; planting time (factor B): the influence of this factor was 25.3%, growth regulators (factor C): their influence was 10.4%, the interaction of factors of planting time and variety (AB): the share of influence of this factor was 14.8%, the interaction of factors AB, BC and ABC: their influence was as follows: AB interaction: 4.1%, BC interaction: 3.4%, ABC interaction: 4.7. The results of tuberous analysis showed that the prevalence (in total) of diseases a month after harvesting was the highest in the control varient (8.9% in the Radomysl variety and 9.8% in the Myroslava variety). When tubers were treated with Phytosubtyl, the prevalence of diseases decreased by 47.2% for the Myroslava variety and 55.1% for the Radomysl variety. Discussion. The results of studies positively correlate with the developments of domestic and foreign scientists to study the influence of plant growth regulators on various aspects of techn","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOWING TIMEFRAMES AND ADAPTABILITY OF ESCAROLE CULTIVARS IN THE SOUTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE","authors":"O. I. Ulianych, O. P. Priss, K. M. Shevchuk, O. I. Yakover","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-94-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-94-102","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article is devoted to topical issues of cultivars' adaptability and improvement of the escarole growing technology in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Purpose. To establish the optimal timeframe for escarole sowing, depending on cultivars, and to elucidate the effect of this factor on yield and product quality. Methods. Traditional research methods were used. The greatest attention was paid to biometric indicators of plants' growth and performance. Results. The study showed that escarole cv. 'Vohnyshche' had the fewest leaves (25.6–27.2 leaves/plant). Cvs. 'Red Ball', 'Indigo', 'Palla Rosa', and 'Shcherbet' showed better results when sown within the third ten days of May and had 31.2–31.7 leaves/plant. Cvs. 'Vohnyshche', 'Indigo', and 'Red Ball'  sown within the first ten days of May had the highest plant weights of 242–296 g. Cvs. 'Palla Rosa' and 'Vohnyshche'  had greater weights (258–275 g) when sown within the third ten days of May. High yields were harvested from escarole cvs. 'Vohnyshche', 'Indigo', and 'Red Ball' sown within the first ten days of May and the third ten days of May\" 30.3–32.9 t/ha and 28.6–30.5 t/ha, respectively. The best chemical composition of escarole commercial products was recorded for cvs. 'Indigo' and 'Red Ball' sown within the first and third ten days of May. The first and third ten days of May were proven to be the optimal periods for escarole sowing. Discussion. Adherence to the optimal sowing timeframes is quite relevant for escarole dissemination, adaptability evaluation, and improvement of the crop-growing technology in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. According to Tkach O.V., (2019); De Jaegere I. and al. (2022), and Proskurina K. et al. (2022), even seedlings are an important pre-requisite to harvest a high yield. Other scientists emphasized that delayed sowing led to a decline in the field germination due to a reduction in the moisture content in the soil at the seed embedding depth, resulting in decreased yields (Birsa, M., Sarbu, L., 2023). To make Cichorium endivia production commercially viable, growers should adopt high-performance cultivars. C. endivia cultivars will fruit at different times depending on the latitude where they are grown and day length. Indeed, cultivars that are good for production in Ukraine may not be suitable for production in Italy or China and vice versa. This is important because of the photoperiodism of C. endivia (Moon K. M., Bin Kwon E., Lee B., Kim C. Y., 2020). In addition, as some scientists point out, sowing time affects not only the C. endivia yield but also the quality of products determining their use (Ulianych O.I., Soroka L.V., Voievoda L.I., 2018; Saltveit M., 2018). Therefore, ascertainment of optimal sowing timeframes for escarole to harvest the highest yields of top-quality commercial products is an important and urgent objective, which was pursued and presented in the article. Conclusions. The study demonstrated that the first ten days of May were th","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"78 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TABLE BEET. OPPORTUNITIES AND PROSPECTS OF PRODUCTION","authors":"V. Rud, L. Terokhina, V. A. Vitoptova, O. S. Shablia, V. V. Sidora","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-103-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-103-113","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To overview the table beet market in Ukraine, to articulate the main problems, to evaluate production opportunities, and to outline measures to raise efficiency in the future. Methods. To achieve this purpose, the following methods were used: mathematical and statistical processing, grouping, analysis of time series, abstract-logical and dialectical methods of cognition. Results. The current table beet production in Ukraine is discussed. The shares of this crop in the total planting acreage and gross production of vegetables have determined; data on the distribution of beet production in different natural and climatic zones of Ukraine and individual categories of farms are presented. The causes that hinder effective development of this segment of the vegetable market are listed; they include outdated technologies and lack of innovations; insufficient numbers of required capacities for finishing, packaging, storage, and processing; lack of professional branding and effective infrastructure; underdeveloped agro-logistics; and non-compliance of domestic vegetable products with European standards. The general strategy and future mainstreams of scientific support for table beet production under integration have been outlined. Conclusions. As the material well-being of the population grows, the food basket structure changes towards increased consumption of vegetables, including table beet. One should be driven by this reference point, along with the expediency of the maximum use of the available natural and economic potentials for table beet production when justifying the vegetable growing development in Ukraine for the future. Further development of the table beet production in Ukraine should be guided towards science-supported high-intensity production based on introduction of new high-yielding cultivars and hybrids with excellent palatability. At the same time, in the future, technical re-equipment of the vegetable cultivation, development of information support systems, creation of marketing services, and development of market infrastructure are necessary.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"114 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTS OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON WINTER GARLIC PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND PERFORMANCE","authors":"N. O. Ostapenko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-73-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-73-84","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To improve elements of winter garlic cultivation technology in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The study was intended to locally apply mineral fertilizers at different doses and to assess their effect on the winter garlic yield. Methods. Field, statistical, computational, analytical, laboratory. Results. The study demonstrated that local application of mineral fertilizers influenced quantitative and qualitative characteristics and increased the yield of winter garlic cv. 'Prometei'. The largest vegetative mass of winter garlic was formed at mineral fertilizer doses of N10P10K40 and N13P40K13; in these experimental variants, plants were 38.6–38.0% taller than the control ones;  the leaf area increased by 110.7–115.2 cm2/plant. At mineral fertilizer doses of N30P10K10 and N20N20N20, the parameters were slightly lower; however, plants were 37.3 and 36.5% taller than in the control, respectively, and the leaf area increased by 40.5–42.7 cm2/plant. The application of fertilizers during the winter garlic cultivation helped to increase the yield. The best results were obtained with local fertilization at N10P10K40 and N13P40K13: 7.7–5.9 t/ha more was harvested than in the control. Mineral fertilizer doses of N30P10K10 and N20N20N20 raised the yield by 5.1 and 3.1 t/ha, respectively. Conclusions. Thus, in the study of the effects of different doses of mineral fertilizers on the winter garlic performance, it was shown that the largest vegetative mass was produced at N10P10K40 and N13P40K13: in these experimental variants, plants were 6.9 and 7.9 cm taller than control ones, respectively, and the assimilation surface increased by 110.7–115.2 cm2/plant. Positive changes were observed in the N30P10K10 and N20N20N20 experiments: plants were 5.7 and 4.3 cm taller, respectively, and the leaf area increased by 40.5–42.7 cm2/plant. The application of fertilizers during the winter garlic cultivation helped to increase the crop yield. The best results were recorded when mineral fertilizers were applied at doses of N10P10K40 and N13P40K13: the crop yield was 7.1 and 9.4 t/ha, respectively. The mineral fertilizer doses of N30P10K10 and N20N20N20 significantly increased the yield (by 5.8–4.6 t/ha).","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}