Vegetable and Melon Growing最新文献

{"title":"GARDEN PEA YIELD DEPENDS ON SOWING TIME AND APPLICATION OF WATER-RETAINING GRANULES IN THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE","authors":"I. I. Palamarchuk","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-85-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-85-93","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article describes a study of effects of different timeframes of garden pea sowing by standard technology and with water-retaining granules. It was proven that sowing within the second 10 days of March ensured the best conditions for garden pea yield. Water-retaining granules optimized the moisture profile to a greater extent and allowed harvesting a higher yield. Purpose. To evaluate garden pea yield depending on sowing timeframes and application of water-retaining granules in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. Methods. The experiments were carried out in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe in 2020–2022. In the experiments, field, statistical, and laboratory methods were used. The following timeframes of sowing were studied: the second ten days of March, the third ten days of March, the first ten days of April, and the second ten days of April. Results. It was shown that the sowing within the second ten days of March created the best conditions for the growth, development, and yielding capacity of pea plants. Application of water-retaining granules combined with the 'second ten days of March' sowing ensured a yield of 8.1 t/ha. Conclusions. When pea was sown within the second ten days of March, the number of leaves per plant and plant height increased, in particular by 2.0 leaves/plant and 7.6 cm, respectively, during the grain filling phase. In the experiment with water-retaining granules, the 'second ten days of March' sowing raised these parameters by 2.2 leaves/plant and 7.8 cm, respectively. The 'second ten days of March' sowing by standard technology extended the growing period by 3 days in comparison with the control; the 'second ten days of March' sowing combined with application of water-retaining granules extended it by 4 days. Early (the second ten days of March) garden pea sowing increased the yield by 1.1 t/ha and 1.3 t/ha without and with granules, respectively.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ALLEVIATE THE EFFECT OF HIGH AIR TEMPERATURES ON MELON SEED FORMATION AND YIELD","authors":"V. Zavertaliuk, V. O. Bohdanov, O. V. Zavertaliuk","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-65-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-65-72","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to improve elements of melon seed growing technology in order to reduce the negative impact of high air and soil temperatures on seed yield and quality. Methods: field: yield assessment, biometric records and measurements; laboratory: seed quality analyses; mathematical and statistical: analysis of variance and statistical processing of data. Results. The best intercrop for melon crops has been identified: sweet corn. It was found that thickening of melon plantations with intercrop plants alleviated the negative effect of high air and soil temperatures on fruits, seed productivity and quality. The least sunburn damage of 7.6% (or 20.0% lower than in the control) to fruits was recorded when sweet corn was planted in melon interrows according to the intercrop plant arrangement of 2.8 × 1.0 m. Reduction in sunburn damage to fruits when melon interrows were seeded sweet corn increased the yield of seed fruits by 8.5 and 10.7% compared to the control (11.8 t/ha). More seeds per fruit (12.9 g) and a higher percentage of certified seeds in fruits (86.8%), or 20.0% and 13.5% higher, respectively, compared to no thickening variant, were also achieved when corn plants were placed between the main crop rows according to this scheme. The highest seed yield of 116.0 kg/ha was harvested when the melon interrows were seeded with sweet corn according to a 2.8 × 1.0 m scheme; the gain in the yield was 15.0 kg/ha (14.8%) compared to the control. It was revealed that upon thickening of the main crop with green beans a higher yield of melon seeds (111.0 kg/ha) was harvested when the green bean plants were sown in the melon interrows according to a 1.4 × 0.5 m scheme; the yield increased by 9.9% compared to the no thickening variant. Discussion. These data are similar to results of studies conducted by Ukrainian and foreign researchers. At the same time, the high efficiency of agricultural crop thickening has been proven. Conclusions. The processes that determine the formation of fruits and seeds and their quality were studied; the sunburn damage to fruits was evaluated relative to the total fruit number. The best intercrop - sweet corn - and its arrangement in the melon plantations were selected.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"304 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADAPTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE POTENTIALS OF SPRING GARLIC OF THE COLLECTION OF UMAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE","authors":"V. Yatsenko, N. Yatsenko, O. I. Ulianych, I. I. Mostoviak, V. P. Karpenko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-51-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-51-64","url":null,"abstract":"Among vegetables, garlic is most susceptible to genetic erosion due to no sexual reproduction. Purpose. To evaluate the genotypic and phenotypic diversity of local forms of spring garlic in the forest-steppe of Ukraine in order to identify valuable specimens for the following characteristics: yield, adaptability, and essential oil content. Methods. In 2018–2022, 12 local and introduced forms of spring garlic were studied in the field. To analyze the data obtained, regression analysis was used to determine the stability and plasticity of the cultivars. Results. The variability of the spring garlic bulb weight was medium (CV = 13%), however, in some accessions, this characteristic varied from 12% to 37 %. Accessions 'No. 33', 'No. 44', and 'No. 55' had significantly greater bulb weights than the mean value: 27.01–28.84 g (+11.9–19.4 % to Xmed). Analyzing the number and size of cloves in the bulb, we selected accessions 'No. 14' and 'No. 33', which had the smallest total numbers of the largest cloves. In general, the clove distribution in the bulb was as follows: 56% of small cloves, 39% of medium-sized cloves, and only 5% of large ones. That is, in the studied sample, there was no accession with a preponderance of large or medium-sized cloves. By essential oil content, the studied accessions were categorized as food cultivars with a minimum content of 0.220–0.253 mg/100 g ('No.', No. 14', 'No. 52', ' No. 53', and 'No. 54') and technical ones with a high content of 0.370 and 0.373 mg/100 g ('No. 43' and No. 57', respectively). By yield, 'No. 33', 'No. 44', and 'No. 52' stood out, yielding 8.94, 9.95, and 9.07 t/ha, respectively, which was statistically significantly more than Xmed by 18.7, 32.2 and 20.4%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that 'No. 14' was the most stable in terms of this characteristic, while the other accessions were characterized as unstable with bi > 1 and σ2d > 0. The results of statistical processing showed that the phenotypes (CVp) of the studied traits in garlic were characterized by high heritability, which was changeable and depended on environmental conditions (CVe) to a greater extent than on genotype (CVg). Conclusions. Our study is an example of a description of the variability of local spring garlic cultivars and an approach to quantification of local adaptation that currently contributes to their preservation.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"46 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140490406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENTS OF STRUCTURAL YIELD INDICATORS OF CUCUMBER GENOTYPES USING CLUSTER ANALYSIS","authors":"O. V. Serhiienko, L. D. Solodovnyk, T. M. Нarbovska, L. O. Radchenko","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-33-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-33-39","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Purpose: to select promising starting materials of cucumber genotypes using multivariate analysis based on yield indicators for further use in the breeding of heterozygous hybrids. Methods. The study was conducted outdoors at the Institute of Vegetable and Melon Growing of NAAS in 2021-2023. Seventeen breeding accessions from the Institute's working collection were studied. Traditional methods were used in the study: field, laboratory, and statistical methods. Results. Using cluster analysis, we evaluated the genetic similarity or dissimilarity between cucumber genotypes by yield indicators (\"total yield\", \"marketable yield\", \"yield for the first ten days of fruiting\"). The results of cluster analysis indicated that the studied accessions could be combined into four clusters. The inter-cluster differences were significant (Fobs. > Ftable, p < 0.05). Clusters III and IV were characterized by high total and marketable yields, while cluster II had high yields at the first stage of fruiting. Conclusions. The study established that breeding accessions of clusters III (F5І2 'Holub', F7І6 'Kuzia' (stalk), 'Line No. 1720') and IV (CS No. 57 F3 'Asteriks', F7І2 'Pavlyk', F14І6 'Kozyrna Karta', F3 'Oktopus', CS No. 54 F3І1 'Karaoke') can be used as parents for hybrid combinations to improve total and marketable yields, while accessions of clusters II (F15І11 'Toma-18' (whole fruit), F6І3 'Holan. Hibryd', CS No. 59 F3І1 'Kibriia', CS No. 56 F3І1 'Amur', F7І5 'Holub' (whole fruit), F7І5 (F10І5 'Marinda' / F8І6 'No. 11')) and III (F5І2 'Holub', F3 'Oktopus', CS No. 54 F3І1 'Karaoke', F7І6 'Kuziа' (stalk), 'Line No. 1720') can be used to increase yields at the first stage of fruiting in F1 hybrids.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140492852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF BREEDING TO CREATE LINES OF AN ODORIFEROUS HERB-PARSLEY","authors":"L. Y. Shtepa, O. P. Ovchinnikova, O. M. Bilenka, K. M. Konovalenko, N. Kyriukhina, I. V. Balian","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-40-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-40-50","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To elucidate peculiarities of breeding to create parsley lines, to identify lines with increased values of valuable economic traits, to create and to reproduce new combining-able genotypes. Methods. Field, measuring and weighing, laboratory, computing, and analytical. Results. The results of the evaluation of garden parsley Petroselinum crispum Mill (Nym) lines are presented. The lines that combine high yields of leaves and roots, marketability, compact leaf rosettes, high content of vitamin C in leaves, shortened roots, and good combining ability have been selected. Line 'Korotkoplidna' has a compact rosette of leaves (20.3 cm long, 24.8 cm wide); its root is 26% shorter (18.2 cm long) than in the check accession, Kharkivianka; it yields 32.5% of roots more (22.8 t/ha); its marketability is 21.5% better (94.8%); the vitamin C content is 36.95 mg/100 g higher (210.15 mg/100 g); and its leaves accumulate low levels of nitrates (1,164 mg/kg). Line 'Perspektyvna' has a shortened root (by 29% or 17.4 cm long), yields 21% of leaves more (6.9 t/ha) and 22.1% of roots more (21.0 t/ha) the check accession; its marketability is 14.7% better (88.0%); the vitamin C content is 43.92 mg/100 g higher (217.12 mg/100 g); and its leaves accumulate low levels of nitrates (1,020 mg/kg). Line 'Vitaminka' was distinguished due to a compact rosette of leaves (18.3 cm long, 27.0 cm wide) and a shortened root (by 29% or 17.4 cm long); it yields 40.3% of leaves more (8.0 t/ ha) and 13.4% of roots more (19.5 t/ha); its marketability is 18.7% better (92.0%);  and its leaves accumulate low levels of nitrates (977 mg/kg). Conclusions. Thus, the breeding studies allowed for identification of the promising garden parsley lines to use in breeding programs. One leaf parsley line and 3 turnip-rooted parsley lines have been selected; two of them ('Korotkoplidna' and 'Perspektyvna') have been transferred to the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"59 10-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF POTATO VARIETIES FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE, ECOLOGICAL PLASTICITY, ADAPTABILITY, AND CONSUMER QUALITIES AT EARLY STAGES OF CULTIVATION","authors":"N. Pysarenko, V. Sydorchuk, N. Zakharchuk","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-19-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-19-32","url":null,"abstract":"Research objective. To investigate potentially drought-resistant, adaptive potato varieties of different maturity groups for yield and evaluate them for consumer qualities at early test periods. Methods. Field, laboratory, weighing, organoleptic, calculation, and statistical. Results. Based on the results of research in 2020-2022, a comprehensive study of drought tolerance of the most common potato varieties in terms of water regime, parameters of ecological plasticity, stability, and adaptability to variable abiotic environmental factors was conducted for the agroclimatic zone of Central Polissia of Ukraine, valuable sources were identified and their consumer qualities were assessed at early formation of a marketable crop. The potato varieties characterized by a higher degree of adaptation to soil moisture deficit in the phases of budding and flowering (65 and 80 days after planting) were identified. The highest water retention rate was shown by the following varieties: Nahoroda, Volodarka, Ivankivska rannia and Tyras. For water recovery on the 65th and 80th day after germination, the highest values were demonstrated by the following varieties: Yavir, Nahoroda, Mezhyrichka 11, Radomysl and Avanhard. The potato varieties were singled out: Lietana, Chervona Ruta, Nahoroda, and Tyras with the highest value of drought tolerance in two tests. A high value of the average yield of varieties Yi to the average yield of varieties by years Yj was declared in the early tests by the following potato varieties: Volodarka, Avanhard, Tyras, Alians, Mezhyrichka 11, and Radomysl. The genotypes with the highest sensitivity to the improvement of growing conditions were identified: at the first test – Nahoroda, Alians, Ivankivska rannia, Levada, and Radomysl; at the second dynamic digging – Avanhard, Nahoroda, Alians, Ivankivska rannia, Chervona ruta, Vyhoda and Basaliia. It was found that following potato varieties had a stable adaptability coefficient in both tests: Alians, Radomysl, Mezhyrichka 11, Tyras, Volodarka, Avanhard, and Levada. It was demonstrated that the highest score in the tasting evaluation by dynamic digging was shown by the following varieties: Radomysl, Tyras, Partner, Levada, Ivankivska rannia, Yavir, Chervona Ruta, Oleksandryt and Volodarka. Conclusions. Using laboratory and field methods of drought tolerance studies of potato varieties, it was found that a number of genotypes demonstrate high actual drought tolerance in the conditions of Central Polissia of Ukraine. Using different methods of calculating the parameters of ecological plasticity, the specifics of the implementation of the productivity potential of the studied varieties under two test conditions were revealed and ecologically sustainable sources were identified. At the early dynamics of crop accumulation, potato varieties with a high rate of reaction to the factors of agroclimatic conditions of the central part of Polissia of Ukraine and the manifestation of consumer qualities a","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"115 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140493650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEDIUM COMPOSITION FOR IN VITRO MID-TERM STORAGE OF SOLANUM HABROCHAITES TEST-TUBE PLANTS","authors":"T. M. Miroshnichenko, T. Ivchenko, N. Bashtan, H. V. Mozgovska","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-6-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-74-6-18","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate effects of osmotically active substances on the growth and development of isolated microcuttings of the wild tomato species S. habrochaites Knapp & Spooner and to determine an optimal composition of nutrient medium for their mid-term storage in vitro. Methods. General scientific, laboratory, biotechnological, measuring, statistical. Results. Possibilities of subcultivation-free storage of S. habrochaites (line BK-78) microcuttings in Murashige & Skug medium with different concentrations of sucrose (30, 60, 90 and 120 g/L), agar-agar (6, 9, 12 and 15 g/l) and sorbitol (0, 20, 40 and 60 g/L) for 30 (control), 90, 180 and 270 days under standard cultivation conditions were researched. The survivability, height, number of leaves, and root length in regenerants on different modifications of the medium were determined. There was an inversely proportional relationship between the percentage of viable regenerants and the time of in vitro storage without subcultivation on all variants of the medium. The maximum survivability of explants was achieved on the medium supplemented with 60 g/L of sorbitol (100.0 – 66.7% depending on the storage period), the minimum - on the medium containing 120 g/L of sucrose (40.0 – 22.5% ). A significant effect of the medium composition on the plant growth intensity was observed in the variants with 20, 40, or 60 g/L of sorbitol and 90 or 120 g/L of sucrose. Sorbitol-containing media also caused a 2- to 7.5-fold decrease in the mean height of regenerants and a 2.4- to 2.5-fold decrease in the number of leaves compared to the control. The root length of test-tube plants did not depend on the medium composition, except for the variants with 60 g/L of sorbitol and 120 g/L of sucrose. On media with increased agar-agar concentrations, the rate of explants development did not decrease, so these media are unsuitable for mid-term storage of in vitro collections. Conclusions. Among the studied medium modifications, the nutrient medium MS supplemented with 60 g/L of sorbitol turned out to be the most effective formulation for slow growth and mid-term storage of S. habrochaites regenerants, as it allows 66.7% of viable explants to be preserved for 270 days. However, through the lens of hyperhydration of test-tube plants, further optimization of in vitro storage conditions for this species is needed.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"13 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140494319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF MYCORRHIZAL FORMULATION MYCOFRIEND ON POTATO PRODUCTIVITY","authors":"O. Melnyk, N. Dukhina, O. P. Stovbir","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-50-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-50-58","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose was to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal formulation Mycofriend on biometric parameters, productivity and biochemical composition of potatoes, as well as to determine the economic effect of its use. Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical. The study was conducted at the Institute of Vegetable and Melons Growing of NAAS. Results. The results on the effect of different doses of mycorrhizal formulation Mycofriend (complex of mycorrhizal fungi: Glomus VS, Trichoderma harzianum; microorganisms supporting the formation of mycorrhiza and rhizosphere of plants: Streptomyces sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens; phosphate-mobilizing bacteria: Bacillius megaterium var. phosphaticum, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus muciloginosus, Enterobacter sp) on biometric parameters, yield and its constituents and biochemical composition of tubers are presented. Mycofriend clearly tend to increase the potato yield. On average, it was higher than the control (33.6 t/ha) by 4.6 t/ha and 4.4 t/ha at Mycofriend concentrations of 1.0 L/t and 2.0 L/t, respectively. Mycofriend also increased biometric parameters in comparison with the control (without treatment). In particular, the plant height after treatment of tubers with 1.0 L/t and 2.0 L/t increased by 0.19 m and 0.26 m, respectively; at the same time, the plant weight was also increased by 278 g and 590 g, respectively. There were upward trends in the contents of starch (by 1.29–3.03%) and ascorbic acid (by 4.08–5.94 mg/100 g) in tubers. Additional costs in the experiments ranged UAH 5935 to UAH 18,67 1/ha. However, a reduction in the prime costs by 0.17–0.33 UAH/kg was achieved, leading to a corresponding increase in the profitability of cultivation by 8.8–12.8 %. The most economically justified dose of the formulation was 1.0 L/t. Conclusions. It is possible to treat potato tubers with mycorrhizal formulation Mycofriend at a dose of 1.0 L/t and 2.0 L/t during pre-planting preparation, which significantly improves biometric parameters (plant height and vegetative weight). The highest gain in the yield was noted with 1.0 L/ha of Mycofriend – 4.6 t/ha. Here, the most significant decrease in the prime costs and increase in the profitability were observed.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128044287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF THE ONION MARKET AND PRODUCTION PROSPECTS IN UKRAINE","authors":"V. Rud, O. Mohylna, L. Terokhina, Ye. M. Iljinova","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-97-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-97-105","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To overview the onion production in Ukraine and the world, to highlight major challenges and ways of further efficient development of this segment in the vegetable market under integration processes. Methods. Dialectical method of cognition to review scientific publications, mathematical-statistical, grouping, analysis of statistical series, abstract/logical reasoning. Results. The current onion production in Ukraine was considered. The portion of this crop in the total agricultural areas and gross production of vegetables was determined; data on the distribution of onion production by natural and climatic zones of Ukraine and farm categories are summarized. Factors that inhibit the efficient development of this segment of the vegetable market were identified; they include: outdated technologies; few or no innovations; few processing, packing, and storing facilities; lack of professional branding and effective infrastructure; underdeveloped agrologistics; non-compliance of domestic vegetable products with European standards. The general strategy and priority directions of scientific support for further onion production in the context of integration processes were outlined. Conclusions. As the population’s material well-being improves, the food basket composition changes in favor of vegetables, including onions, and their consumption rises. Along with the expediency of the maximum use of the existing natural and economic potentials for onion production, one should be guided by this waymark when justifying further development of the vegetable industry in Ukraine. Further development of the onion production in Ukraine must be directed towards high-intensity production based on new high-yielding varieties and hybrids, with high palatability, and towards scientific support for the production. At the same time, in the future, technical re-equipment of the vegetable industry, development of information support systems, creation of marketing services, and development of market infrastructure are necessary.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115333968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WINTER GARLIC BULB WEIGHT LOSS DURING STORAGE DEPENDS ON PROTECTIVE COATINGS","authors":"L. Pusik, V. Pusik","doi":"10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-89-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32717/0131-0062-2023-73-89-96","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To justify elements of the post-harvest winter garlic processing technology that will increase storability and shelf life of garlic. The working hypothesis was based on the assumption that it is possible to use a modified paraffin-containing coating, which will increase the stability of garlic bulbs during storage. Methods. General scientific: 1. hypothesis method - drawing up experimental designs; 2. experimental method – designs of laboratory experiments; 3. methods of analysis and synthesis - drawing conclusions and summarizing, computational and analytical. Results. Covering bulbs with a mixture of 90% shellac (food additive, E904) + 10% aloe vera gel ensured a storage length of 145 days with the daily weight loss of 0.036%. 20% sunflower wax increased the storage length up to 142 days with the daily weight loss of 0.036%, while with paraffin coating the storage period was 100 days and the daily weight loss was 0.10%. It was established that the control specimens of garlic stored at reduced relative air humidity (RAH) (60– 70%) significantly lost their weight. The increase in RAH during storage reduced the weight loss of garlic bulbs to 8.2%, i.e. 2.5-fold. Covering garlic bulbs with a protective film reduced the weight loss by 4.6–5 times at RAH of 60–70%. Increasing RAH to 75–85% and 90–95% reduced it by 4.7–5.3 and 2.9–3.1 times, respectively. With similar daily weight loss in the experiments with 75% paraffin + 5% glycerin + 20% sunflower wax, with 90% shellac + 10% aloe vera gel, with 85% paraffin + 5% glycerin + 10% sunflower wax, with 65% paraffin + 5% glycerin + 30% sunflower wax (the daily weight loss was 0.036%, 0.036%, 0.044%, and 0.044%, respectively), the storage lengths were not equal. Bulb coatings extended the storage period by 25-45 days depending on coating composition. The longest storage (142–145 days) was achieved with 75% paraffin + 5% glycerin + 20% sunflower wax and with 90% shellac + 10% aloe vera gel (the daily weight loss was 0.036%). Conclusions. The effects of the protective coatings on the bulb weight amounted to 76.0%, while the RAH contribution was 12.0%, and the interaction of the studied factors accounted for 12.0%.","PeriodicalId":337923,"journal":{"name":"Vegetable and Melon Growing","volume":"38 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114104243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}