Carbon Energy最新文献

{"title":"Back Cover Image, Volume 6, Number 7, July 2024","authors":"Leijun Ye,&nbsp;Weiheng Chen,&nbsp;Zhong-Jie Jiang,&nbsp;Zhongqing Jiang","doi":"10.1002/cey2.645","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cey2.645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b><i>Back cover image</i></b>: Traditionally, expensive precious metal based electrocatalysts have been relied upon as air electrodes for rechargeable zinc air batteries (ZABs), which have prompted researchers to innovate and develop cost-effective and efficient novel bifunctional electrocatalytic systems. In the article number cey2.457, Jiang and co-workers reported Co/CoO heterojunction nanoparticles (NPs) rich in oxygen vacancies embedded in mesoporous walls of nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanoboxes coupled with nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (P-Co/CoO_V@NHCNB@NCNT) as bifunctional electrocatalysts synthesized through zeoliteimidazole framework (ZIF-67) carbonization, chemical vapor deposition and O₂ plasma treatment. It displays exceedingly good electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER), significantly superior to standard noble metal-based Pt/C + RuO₂ systems. The enhanced electrocatalytic performance of the P-Co/CoO_V@NHCNB@NCNT can be attributed to the formation of heterojunctions and oxygen vacancies induced by O₂ plasma treatment.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"6 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.645","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-energy-density long-cycle lithium–sulfur battery enabled by 3D graphene architecture","authors":"Yan Cheng, Bihan Liu, Xiang Li, Xin He, Zhiyi Sun, Wentao Zhang, Ziyao Gao, Leyuan Zhang, Xiangxiang Chen, Zhen Chen, Zhuo Chen, Lele Peng, Xiangfeng Duan","doi":"10.1002/cey2.599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.599","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is attracting increasing interest for its potential in low-cost high-density energy storage. However, it has been a persistent challenge to simultaneously realize high energy density and long cycle life. Herein, we report a synergistic strategy to exploit a unique nitrogen-doped three-dimensional graphene aerogel as both the lithium anode host to ensure homogeneous lithium plating/stripping and mitigate lithium dendrite formation and the sulfur cathode host to facilitate efficient sulfur redox chemistry and combat undesirable polysulfide shuttling effect, realizing Li–S battery simultaneously with ultrahigh energy density and long cycle life. The as-demonstrated polysulfide-based device delivers a high areal capacity of 7.5 mAh/cm² (corresponds to 787 Wh/L) and an ultralow capacity fading of 0.025% per cycle over 1000 cycles at a high current density of 8.6 mA/cm². Our findings suggest a novel strategy to scale up the superior electrochemical property of every microscopic unit to a macroscopic-level performance that enables simultaneously high areal energy density and long cycling stability that are critical for practical Li–S batteries.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141780927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic field-assisted electrocatalysis: Mechanisms and design strategies","authors":"Yongwen Sun,&nbsp;Hong Lv,&nbsp;Han Yao,&nbsp;Yuanfeng Gao,&nbsp;Cunman Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cey2.575","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cey2.575","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrocatalysis has received a great deal of interest in recent decades as a possible energy-conversion technology involving a variety of chemical processes. External magnetic field application is a powerful method for improving electrocatalytic performance that is customizable and compatible with existing electrocatalytic devices. In addition, magnetic fields can assist in catalyst synthesis and act on the catalytic reaction process. This paper systematically reviews the most recent developments in magnetic field-assisted electrocatalytic enhancement technology. The enhancement of electrocatalysis by a magnetic field is mainly represented in the three features listed below: The spin selectivity effect improves the activity of the catalyst in a magnetic field; furthermore, magnetic fields can improve mass transport and electron transport in catalytic processes (due to Lorentz forces, Kelvin forces, magnetohydrodynamic [MHD], and micro-MHD); the magnetothermal effect may raise the reaction temperature and boost electrocatalytic activity. This review focuses on the rational design of catalytic systems incorporating the interaction between catalysts and magnetic fields, aiming to produce enhanced catalytic effects. The recommendations for further utilization of strategies for electrocatalysis and broader energy technologies for magnetic fields, as well as potential challenges for future research, are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.575","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141613497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy band engineering of graphitic carbon nitride for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production","authors":"Tengyang Gao, Degui Zhao, Saisai Yuan, Ming Zheng, Xianjuan Pu, Liang Tang, Zhendong Lei","doi":"10.1002/cey2.596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.596","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is one of the 100 most important chemicals in the world with high energy density and environmental friendliness. Compared with anthraquinone oxidation, direct synthesis of H₂O₂ with hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂), and electrochemical methods, photocatalysis has the characteristics of low energy consumption, easy operation and less pollution, and broad application prospects in H₂O₂ generation. Various photocatalysts, such as titanium dioxide (TiO₂), graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄), metal-organic materials, and nonmetallic materials, have been studied for H₂O₂ production. Among them, g-C₃N₄ materials, which are simple to synthesize and functionalize, have attracted wide attention. The electronic band structure of g-C₃N₄ shows a bandgap of 2.77 eV, a valence band maximum of 1.44 V, and a conduction band minimum of −1.33 V, which theoretically meets the requirements for hydrogen peroxide production. In comparison to semiconductor materials like TiO₂ (3.2 eV), this material has a smaller bandgap, which results in a more efficient response to visible light. However, the photocatalytic activity of g-C₃N₄ and the yield of H₂O₂ were severely inhibited by the electron-hole pair with high recombination rate, low utilization rate of visible light, and poor selectivity of products. Although previous reviews also presented various strategies to improve photocatalytic H₂O₂ production, they did not systematically elaborate the inherent relationship between the control strategies and their energy band structure. From this point of view, this article focuses on energy band engineering and reviews the latest research progress of g-C₃N₄ photocatalytic H₂O₂ production. On this basis, a strategy to improve the H₂O₂ production by g-C₃N₄ photocatalysis is proposed through morphology control, crystallinity and defect, and doping, combined with other materials and other strategies. Finally, the challenges and prospects of industrialization of g-C₃N₄ photocatalytic H₂O₂ production are discussed and envisioned.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141587620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced water-splitting performance: Interface-engineered tri-metal phosphides with carbon dots modification","authors":"Yingnan Jiang,&nbsp;Jingkun Yu,&nbsp;Haoqiang Song,&nbsp;Lingling Du,&nbsp;Wenxuan Sun,&nbsp;Yulong Cui,&nbsp;Yuwen Su,&nbsp;Meiling Sun,&nbsp;Guangchao Yin,&nbsp;Siyu Lu","doi":"10.1002/cey2.631","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cey2.631","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Designing integrated overall water-splitting catalysts that maintain high efficiency and stability under various conditions is an important trend for future development, yet it remains a significant challenge. Herein, novel nanoflower-like tri-metallic Ni–Ru–Mo phosphide catalyst ((Ni–Ru–Mo)P@F-CDs), integrated with F-doped carbon dots (F-CDs), were synthesized via a straightforward hydrothermal process and subsequent phosphatization. Attributable to precise interface engineering and electronic structure optimization, (Ni–Ru–Mo)P@F-CDs exhibit exceptional bi-functional catalytic activity in alkaline conditions, achieving remarkably low overpotentials of 231 and 123 mV for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), respectively, at a current density of 100 mA cm⁻². Industrially, only 1.426 V is needed for the same efficacy. Additionally, the catalyst requires merely 1.508 and 1.564 V for overall water splitting in 1 M KOH and simulated seawater, respectively, at 100 mA cm⁻². The catalyst also shows excellent stability, with minimal performance decline over 100 h within 100–200 mA cm⁻². Density functional theory calculations indicate that the interface structure synergistically optimizes Gibbs free energy for H* and O* intermediates during HER and OER, respectively, accelerating electrochemical water-splitting kinetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.631","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arc plasma-deposited Co single-atom catalysts supported on an aligned carbon nanofiber for hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis and an electro-Fenton process","authors":"Chang-Kyu Hwang, Sooyeon Kim, Ki Ro Yoon, Thao Thi Le, Chinh V. Hoang, Jae Won Choi, Wenjun Zhang, Sae Yane Paek, Chung Hyeon Lee, Ji Hyun Lee, Keun Hwa Chae, Sohee Jeong, Seung Yong Lee, Byeong-Kwon Ju, Sang Hoon Kim, Sang Soo Han, Jong Min Kim","doi":"10.1002/cey2.582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.582","url":null,"abstract":"Atomically dispersed single-atom catalysts (SACs) on carbon supports show great promise for H₂O₂ electrosynthesis, but conventional wet chemistry methods using particulate carbon blacks in powder form have limited their potential as two-electron (2e⁻) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts. Here, we demonstrate high-performance Co SACs supported on a free-standing aligned carbon nanofiber (CNF) using electrospinning and arc plasma deposition (APD). Based on the surface oxidation treatment of aligned CNF and precise control of the deposition amount in a dry-based APD process, we successfully form densely populated Co SACs on aligned CNF. Through experimental analyses and density functional theory calculations, we reveal that Co SAC has a Co–N₂–O₂ moiety with one epoxy group, leading to excellent 2e⁻ ORR activity. Furthermore, the aligned CNF significantly improves mass transfer in flow cells compared to randomly oriented CNF, showing an overpotential reduction of 30 mV and a 1.3-fold improvement (84.5%) in Faradaic efficiency, and finally achieves an outstanding production rate of 15.75 mol g_cat⁻¹ h⁻¹ at 300 mA cm⁻². The high-performance Co SAC supported on well-aligned CNF is also applied in an electro-Fenton process, demonstrating rapid removal of methylene blue and bisphenol F due to its exceptional 2e⁻ ORR activity.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of intrinsic vacancies and polarization effect on ternary halo-sulfur-bismuth compounds for efficient CO2 photoreduction under near-infrared light irradiation","authors":"Jun Li,&nbsp;Qingqing Chai,&nbsp;Ranran Niu,&nbsp;Wenfeng Pan,&nbsp;Zhiquan Chen,&nbsp;Liang Wang,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Zhongyi Liu,&nbsp;Yifeng Liu,&nbsp;Yao Xiao,&nbsp;Bin Liu","doi":"10.1002/cey2.598","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cey2.598","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ternary halo-sulfur bismuth compound Bi₁₉X₃S₂₇ (X = Cl, Br, I) with distinct electronic structure and full-spectrum light-harvesting properties show great application potential in the CO₂ photoreduction field. However, the relationship between photocatalytic CO₂ reduction performance and the function of halogens in Bi₁₉X₃S₂₇ is still poorly understood. Herein, a series of Bi₁₉X₃S₂₇ nanorod photocatalysts with intrinsic X and S dual vacancies were developed, which showed significant near-infrared (NIR) light responses. The types and concentrations of intrinsic vacancies were confirmed and quantified by positron annihilation spectrometry and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that Br atoms and intrinsic vacancies (dual Br-S) in Bi₁₉Br₃S₂₇ could greatly enhance the internal polarized electric field and improve the transfer and separation of photogenerated carriers compared with Bi₁₉Cl₃S₂₇ and Bi₁₉I₃S₂₇. Theoretical calculations revealed that Br atoms in Bi₁₉Br₃S₂₇ could facilitate CO₂ adsorption and activation and decrease the formation energy of reactive hydrogen. Among Bi₁₉X₃S₂₇ nanorods, Bi₁₉Br₃S₂₇ nanorods revealed the highest CO₂ photoreduction activity with CO yield rate of 28.68 and 2.28 μmol g_catalyst⁻¹ h⁻¹ with full-spectrum and NIR lights, respectively. This work presents an atomic understanding of the intrinsic vacancies and halogen-mediated CO₂ photoreduction mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible self-supporting organic cathode with interface engineering for high-performance and wide-temperature sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Lei Wang, Suqiao Fang, Haichao Wang, Qianqian Peng, Yifeng Liu, Hanghang Dong, Hao Yan, Yong Wang, Shulei Chou, Bing Sun, Yao Xiao, Shuangqiang Chen","doi":"10.1002/cey2.632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.632","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible electrode design with robust structure and good performance is one of the priorities for flexible batteries to power emerging wearable electronics, and organic cathode materials have become contenders for flexible self-supporting electrodes. However, issues such as easy electrolyte solubility and low intrinsic conductivity contribute to high polarization and rapid capacity decay. Herein, we have designed a flexible self-supporting cathode based on perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), interfacial engineering enhanced by polypyrrole (PPy), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), forming the interconnected and flexible PTCDA/PPy/CNTs using polymerization reaction and vacuum filtration methods, effectively curbing those challenges. When used as the cathode of sodium-ion batteries, PTCDA/PPy/CNTs exhibit excellent rate capability (105.7 mAh g⁻¹ at 20 C), outstanding cycling stability (79.4% capacity retention at 5 C after 500 cycles), and remarkable wide temperature application capability (86.5 mAh g⁻¹ at −30°C and 115.4 mAh g⁻¹ at 60°C). The sodium storage mechanism was verified to be a reversible oxidation reaction between two Na⁺ ions and carbonyl groups by density functional theory calculations, in situ infrared Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and in situ Raman spectroscopy. Surprisingly, the pouch cells based on PTCDA/PPy/CNTs exhibit good mechanical flexibility in various mechanical states. This work inspires more rational designs of flexible and self-supporting organic cathodes, promoting the development of high-performance and wide-temperature adaptable wearable electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141517052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Li-ion transport mechanisms in Ge/Cl dual-doped Li10GeP2S12 solid electrolytes: Synergistic insights from experimental structural characterization and machine-learning-assisted atomistic modeling","authors":"Yong-Seok Choi,&nbsp;Jiwon Jeong,&nbsp;Youngin Lee,&nbsp;Hyuna Ahn,&nbsp;David O. Scanlon,&nbsp;Kyung Yoon Chung,&nbsp;Jae-Chul Lee","doi":"10.1002/cey2.594","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cey2.594","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Enhancing the ionic conductivity of sulfide solid electrolytes (SEs) through dual-doping is a well-established approach, yet the atomic-level mechanisms driving these improvements remain elusive. By dual-doping Ge and Cl into the Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂ (LGPS) framework, we synthesized Ge/Cl-doped LGPS (Li_10+<i>x</i>Ge_1+2<i>x</i>P_{2−2<i>x</i>}S_{12−<i>x</i>}Cl_<i>x</i>, <i>x</i> = 0.3) with an ionic conductivity of 12.4 mS/cm at 25°C, a value that stands among the highest for LGPS-type SEs. This achievement emphasizes the pivotal role of dopant selection in modulating Li-ion transport mechanisms, thereby enhancing SE performance. Our research elucidates the intricate atomic mechanisms responsible for this enhanced ionic conductivity, with a particular focus on the synergistic effects of Ge and Cl dual-doping. Integrating advanced multianalytical techniques, including experiments and atomistic modeling (machine-learning-assisted molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations), we provide comprehensive insights into the structure–property relationship in Ge/Cl-doped LGPS SEs. Our findings reveal that Cl doping significantly enhances the paddle-wheel dynamics, while Ge doping promotes cooperative Li diffusion through the formation of Li interstitials. This dual-doping approach not only elucidates the structural and functional dynamics of SEs but also paves the way for designing dopants to enhance ionic conductivity. The insights gained from this study offer a strategic direction for developing higher-performance SEs, highlighting the importance of tailored dopant selection in advancing energy storage technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141517015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal halide perovskites for solar-to-chemical energy conversion in aqueous media","authors":"Chunhua Wang, Yang Ding, Yannan Wang, Zhirun Xie, Zhiyuan Zeng, Xin Li, Yun Hau Ng","doi":"10.1002/cey2.500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.500","url":null,"abstract":"Solar-driven energy conversion is a promising technology for a sustainable energy future and environmental remediation, and an efficient catalyst is a key factor. Recently, metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have emerged as promising photocatalysts due to their exceptional photoelectronic properties and low-cost solution processing, enabling successful applications in H₂ evolution, CO₂ reduction, organic synthesis, and pollutant degradation. Despite these successes, the practical applications of MHPs are limited by their water instability. In this review, the recently developed strategies driving MHP-catalyzed reactions in aqueous media are outlined. We first articulate the structures and properties of MHPs, followed by elaborating on the origin of instability in MHPs. Then, we highlight the advances in solar-driven MHP-based catalytic systems in aqueous solutions, focusing on developing external protection strategies and intrinsically water-stable MHP materials. With each approach offering peculiar sets of advantages and challenges, we conclude by outlining potentially promising opportunities and directions for MHP-based photocatalysis research in aqueous conditions moving forward. We anticipate that this timely review will provide some inspiration for the design of MHP-based photocatalysts, manifestly stimulating their applications in aqueous environments for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141517014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}