Carbon Energy最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Cation Contamination of Gas Diffusion Layer on Water Management and Performance of PEMFCs","authors":"Huibing Chen,&nbsp;Jiashun Zhang,&nbsp;Hanwen Zhang,&nbsp;Zhengnan Li,&nbsp;Ming Chen,&nbsp;Haijiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The efficient and stable operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) in practical applications can be adversely affected by various contaminants. This study delves into the impact of Cr₂(SO₄)₃ contamination on the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and PEMFC performance, systematically analyzing the physicochemical property changes and their correlation with electrochemical performance. The results indicate that after post-treatment, the GDL surface exhibited exposed carbon fibers, cracks, and large pores in the microporous layer (MPL), with a noticeable detachment of PTFE. There was a marked reduction in C and F element signals, an increase in O element signals, deposition of Cr₂(SO₄)₃, formation of C=O and C=C bonds, appearance of Cr₂(SO₄)₃ characteristic peaks, and changes in pore structure—all suggesting significant alterations in the GDL's surface morphology, structure, and chemical composition. The decline in mechanical strength and thermal stability, and increased surface roughness and resistance negatively impacted fuel cell performance. At high current densities, the emergence of water flooding increased mass transfer resistance from 0.1 Ω cm² to 1.968 Ω cm², with a maximum power density decay rate reaching 71.17%. This study reveals the significant negative impact of Cr₂(SO₄)₃ contamination on GDL and fuel cell performance, highlighting that changes in surface structure, reduced hydrophobicity, and increased mass transfer resistance are primary causes of performance degradation. The findings provide crucial insights for improving GDL materials, optimizing fuel cell manufacturing and operation processes, and addressing contamination issues in practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation on Morphology and Electronic Structure Design of Vanadium-Based Sodium Phosphate Cathodes for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Xinran Qi,&nbsp;Baoxiu Hou,&nbsp;Ruifang Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaocui Chen,&nbsp;Zhenrong Fu,&nbsp;Xin Zhou,&nbsp;Haiyan Liu,&nbsp;Ningzhao Shang,&nbsp;Shuaihua Zhang,&nbsp;Longgang Wang,&nbsp;Chunsheng Li,&nbsp;Jianjun Song,&nbsp;Shuangqiang Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoxian Zhao","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation large-scale energy storage systems due to the abundance of sodium resources, low solvation energy, and cost-effectiveness. Among the available cathode materials, vanadium-based sodium phosphate cathodes are particularly notable for their high operating voltage, excellent thermal stability, and superior cycling performance. However, these materials face significant challenges, including sluggish reaction kinetics, the toxicity of vanadium, and poor electronic conductivity. To overcome these limitations and enhance electrochemical performance, various strategies have been explored. These include morphology regulation via diverse synthesis routes and electronic structure optimization through metal doping, which effectively improve the diffusion of Na⁺ and electrons in vanadium-based phosphate cathodes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges associated with V-based polyanion cathodes and examines the role of morphology and electronic structure design in enhancing performance. Key vanadium-based phosphate frameworks, such as orthophosphates (Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃), pyrophosphates (NaVP₂O₇, Na₂(VO)P₂O₇, Na₇V₃(P₂O₇)₄), and mixed phosphates (Na₇V₄(P₂O₇)₄PO₄), are discussed in detail, highlighting recent advances and insights into their structure–property relationships. The design of cathode material morphology offers an effective approach to optimizing material structures, compositions, porosity, and ion/electron diffusion pathways. Simultaneously, electronic structure tuning through element doping allows for the regulation of band structures, electron distribution, diffusion barriers, and the intrinsic conductivity of phosphate compounds. Addressing the challenges associated with vanadium-based sodium phosphate cathode materials, this study proposes feasible solutions and outlines future research directions toward advancement of high-performance vanadium-based polyanion cathodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision-Engineered Nanocatalysts Via Lattice Tailoring and d-Band Center Modulation for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries","authors":"Jinzheng Yang,&nbsp;Xiaowei Jia,&nbsp;Bingyue Li,&nbsp;Jiudi Zhang,&nbsp;Yali Wang,&nbsp;Yufeng Liu,&nbsp;Junjie Li,&nbsp;Taowen Dong,&nbsp;Dong Cai,&nbsp;Zhanshuang Jin","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising for high-energy-density storage, but their performance is limited by sluggish lithium polysulfide (LiPS) conversion kinetics. Here, we tackle this issue by synthesizing ultrafine truncated octahedral TiO₂ nanocrystals (P-O_v-TiO₂), featuring specific {101} facets and dual defects—phosphorus doping and oxygen vacancies. Acting as an efficient electrocatalyst in the separator, P-O_v-TiO₂ exhibits superior catalytic properties, where oxygen vacancies modulate the electronic structure, enhancing electron enrichment and charge transfer; phosphorus doping tailors the <i>d</i>-band center of the catalyst, strengthening Ti-S interactions between the {101} facets and LiPSs. As a result, Li-S coin cells modified with P-O_v-TiO₂ achieve a high specific capacity of 895 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 C and exhibit a minimal decay rate of 0.14% per cycle over 200 cycles. Furthermore, Li-S pouch cells deliver a high capacity of 1004 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 C under lean electrolyte conditions. This study elucidates the mechanisms of charge states on specific crystal planes and deepens our understanding of dual-defect engineering in Li-S electrochemistry, offering a promising approach for developing efficient and cost-effective catalysts for Li-S battery applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate Heterostructured Electrocatalyst for Functional Tandem Catalysts of Lithium Polysulfides in Separator-Modified Lithium-Sulfur Batteries","authors":"Chuyin Ma,&nbsp;Shupeng Zhao,&nbsp;Hedong Chen,&nbsp;Fangjun Lu,&nbsp;Jiayi Wang,&nbsp;Xuefei Weng,&nbsp;Lichao Tan,&nbsp;Lin Yang,&nbsp;Mingliang Jin,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Kai Zong,&nbsp;Dan Luo,&nbsp;Zhongwei Chen","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Developing electrocatalysts to inhibit polysulfide shuttling and expedite sulfur species conversion is vital for the evolution of Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. This work provides a facile strategy to design an intimate heterostructure of MIL-88A@CdS as a sulfur electrocatalyst combining high sulfur adsorption and accelerated polysulfide conversion. The MIL-88A can give a region of high-ordered polysulfide adsorption, whereas the CdS is an effective nanoreactor for the sulfur reduction reaction (SRR). Notedly, the significant size difference between MIL-88A and CdS enables the unique heterostructure interactions. The large-size MIL-88A ensures a uniform distribution of CdS nanoparticles as a substrate. This configuration facilitates control of the initial polysulfide adsorption position relative to its final deposition site as lithium sulfide. The heterostructure also demonstrates rapid transport and efficient conversion of lithium polysulfides. Consequently, the Li-S battery with MIL-88A@CdS heterostructure modified separator delivers exceptional performance, achieving an areal capacity exceeding 6 mAh cm⁻², an excellent rate capability of 980 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 C, and notable cycling stability in a 2 Ah pouch cell over 100 cycles. This work is significant for elucidating the relationship between heterostructure and electrocatalytic performance, providing great insights for material design aimed at highly efficient future electrocatalysts in practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly Selective H2 Production From Photoreforming of Formic Acid Triggered by Cu Single-Atom Sites in a Cocatalyst","authors":"Xiaoyuan Ye,&nbsp;Yuchen Dong,&nbsp;Weibo Hua,&nbsp;Wengao Zeng,&nbsp;Ziying Zhang,&nbsp;Tuo Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangjiu Guan,&nbsp;Liejin Guo","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photoreforming of formic acid (FA) represents a compelling technology for green hydrogen (H₂) production, but the application is limited by the relatively low activity and selectivity. Recent advancements have introduced transition-metal nitrides (TMNs) as a new class of co-catalysts for photocatalytic FA reforming, showing impressive performance but still having the disadvantage of suboptimal H₂ selectivity. Here, we present a novel Cu–W₂N₃ cocatalyst with abundant Cu single-atom sites. On combining with a CdS photocatalyst, the CdS/Cu–W₂N₃ system demonstrated an elevated H₂ generation rate of 172.69 μmol·h⁻¹ and superior H₂ selectivity in comparison to CdS/W₂N₃. Comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigations indicate that the introduction of Cu single-atom sites in Cu–W₂N₃ leads to a robust interaction with CdS, which optimizes the charge transfer. More significantly, the Cu single-atom sites modify the inert surface of the W₂N₃ cocatalyst, creating conducive electron transfer channels and leading to an abundance of active sites favorable for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), consequently resulting in higher H₂ selectivity than pristine W₂N₃. This study provides a promising approach to achieving an efficient photoreforming reaction with specific selectivity via the design of novel cocatalysts with specialized active sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering Transition Metal Diffusion in Anode Battery Materials: A Study on Nb Diffusion in NbxTi1−xO2","authors":"Ola Kenji Forslund,&nbsp;Carmen Cavallo,&nbsp;Johan Cedervall,&nbsp;Jun Sugiyama,&nbsp;Kazuki Ohishi,&nbsp;Akihiro Koda,&nbsp;Alessandro Latini,&nbsp;Aleksandar Matic,&nbsp;Martin Månsson,&nbsp;Yasmine Sassa","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Demand for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has escalated incredibly in the past few years. A conventional method to improve the performance is to chemically partly substitute the transition metal with another to increase its conductivity. In this study, we have chosen to investigate the lithium diffusion in doped anatase (TiO₂) anodes for high-rate LIBs. Substitutional doping of TiO₂ with the pentavalent Nb has previously been shown to increase the high-rate performances of this anode material dramatically. Despite the conventional belief, we explicitly show that Nb is mobile and diffusing at room temperature, and different diffusion mechanisms are discussed. Diffusing Nb in TiO₂ has staggering implications concerning most chemically substituted LIBs and their performance. While the only mobile ion is typically asserted to be Li, this study clearly shows that the transition metals are also diffusing, together with the Li. This implies that a method that can hinder the diffusion of transition metals will increase the performance of our current LIBs even further.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinspired Bi2MoO6 Electron Bridge and Carbon Nano-Island Heterojunctions for Enhanced Photothermal Catalytic CO2 Reduction","authors":"Ziqi Wang,&nbsp;Zhongqing Yang,&nbsp;Jiang He,&nbsp;Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Mingnv Guo,&nbsp;Xuesen Du,&nbsp;Jingyu Ran,&nbsp;Zhien Zhang,&nbsp;Hamidreza Arandiyan","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photothermal catalysis utilizing the full solar spectrum to convert CO₂ and H₂O into valuable products holds promise for sustainable energy solutions. However, a major challenge remains in enhancing the photothermal conversion efficiency and carrier mobility of semiconductors like Bi₂MoO₆, which restricts their catalytic performance. Here, we developed a facile strategy to synthesize vertically grown Bi₂MoO₆ (BMO) nanosheets that mimic a bionic butterfly wing scale structure on a biomass-derived carbon framework (BCF). BCF/BMO exhibits high catalytic activity, achieving a CO yield of 165 μmol/(g·h), which is an increase of eight times compared to pristine BMO. The wing scale structured BCF/BMO minimizes sunlight reflection and increases the photothermal conversion temperature. BCF consists of crystalline carbon (sp²-C region) dispersed within amorphous carbon (sp³-C hybridized regions), where the crystalline carbon forms “nano-islands”. The N–C–O–Bi covalent bonds at the S-scheme heterojunction interface of BCF/BMO function as electron bridges, connecting the sp²-C nano-islands and enhancing the multilevel built-in electric field and directional trans-interface transport of carriers. As evidenced by DFT calculation, the rich pyridinic-N on the carbon nano-island can establish strong electron coupling with CO₂, thereby accelerating the cleavage of *COOH and facilitating the formation of CO. Biomass waste-derived carbon nano-islands represent advanced amorphous/crystalline phase materials and offer a simple and low-cost strategy to facilitate carrier migration. This study provides deep insights into carrier migration in photocatalysis and offers guidance for designing efficient heterojunctions inspired by biological systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Back Cover Image, Volume 7, Number 5, May 2025","authors":"Yuzhen Qian,&nbsp;Long Su,&nbsp;Hongyue Jing,&nbsp;Chunxiao Chai,&nbsp;Fengjin Xie,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Qiu,&nbsp;Jingcheng Hao","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b><i>Back cover image</i></b>: Regulating the freedom and distribution of H₂O molecules is crucial for enlarging the electrochemical window of aqueous electrolytes. Hao and Qiu et al. fabricated a heterogel electrolyte by utilizing the bicontinuous microemulsion as template. In this image, the brown pipelike passage represents the interpenetrating oil phase, while the green “tadpole-shaped” objects are actually the surfactant Tween 20. The hydrophobic tail of the surfactant tends to orderly assemble at the electrode surface and enrich the oil phase to create a hydrophobic interfacial microenvironment, thus preventing the proximity of H₂O molecules, resulting in an expanded electrochemical window. Article number: 10.1002/cey2.697\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 7, Number 5, May 2025","authors":"Peng Cai,&nbsp;Xin He,&nbsp;Kangli Wang,&nbsp;Zidong Zhang,&nbsp;Qingyuan Wang,&nbsp;Yumeng Liu,&nbsp;Haomiao Li,&nbsp;Min Zhou,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Kai Jiang","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b><i>Front cover image</i></b>: Heterointerfaces are promising candidates for anode materials of aqueous rocking-chair Zn-ion batteries. However, it suffers from interfacial problems between solvation sheath and desolvation processes of solvated Zn²⁺, and in article number 10.1002/cey2.691, Peng Cai, Kangli Wang, and Kai Jiang, et al. firstly propose that the built-in electric field (BEF) effects at the heterointerfaces can promote the desolvation processes of solvated zinc ions, inhibiting the hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs), and improving the cycling stabilities in the deep discharge states.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Tunable Dual-Dependent Emission in Co-Doped Cs7Cd3Br13 Perovskites","authors":"Tong Chang,&nbsp;Liang Wang,&nbsp;Tongtong Kou,&nbsp;Qilin Wei,&nbsp;Peizhou Li,&nbsp;Shiguo Han,&nbsp;Fuchun Nan,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Dan Huang,&nbsp;Ruosheng Zeng,&nbsp;Zhaolai Chen,&nbsp;William W. Yu","doi":"10.1002/cey2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cd-based Cs₇Cd₃Br₁₃ perovskites, featuring both tetrahedral and octahedral polyhedral structures, have garnered significant acclaim for their efficient luminescent performance achieved through multi-exciton state regulation by doping. However, it remains controversial whether the doping sites are in the octahedra or tetrahedra of Cs₇Cd₃Br₁₃. To address this, we introduced Pb²⁺ and Sb³⁺ ions and, supported by experimental and theoretical evidence, demonstrated that these ions preferentially occupy the octahedra. Among them, Pb²⁺ ions single doping achieves a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield of 93.7%, which results in excellent X-ray scintillation performance, high light yield of 41,772 photon MeV⁻¹, and a low detection limit of 29.78 nGy_air s^–1. Moreover, this incorporation of Pb²⁺ and Sb³⁺ enabled an exciton state regulation strategy, resulting in standard white light emission with CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.33, 0.33). Additionally, a multifaceted optical anticounterfeiting and information encryption scheme was designed based on the differences in optical properties caused by the different sensitivities of [PbBr₆]⁴⁻ octahedron and [SbBr₆]³⁻ octahedron to temperature and excitation wavelengths. These diverse photoluminescence characteristics provide new insights and practical demonstrations for advanced X-ray imaging, lighting, optical encryption, and anticounterfeiting technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}