Carbon Energy最新文献

{"title":"Determining materials for energy conversion across scales: The alkaline oxygen evolution reaction","authors":"Philipp Gerschel, Steven Angel, Mohaned Hammad, André Olean-Oliveira, Blaž Toplak, Vimanshu Chanda, Ricardo Martínez-Hincapié, Sebastian Sanden, Ali Raza Khan, Da Xing, Amin Said Amin, Hartmut Wiggers, Harry Hoster, Viktor Čolić, Corina Andronescu, Christof Schulz, Ulf-Peter Apfel, Doris Segets","doi":"10.1002/cey2.608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.608","url":null,"abstract":"Despite considerable efforts to develop electrolyzers for energy conversion, progress has been hindered during the implementation stage by different catalyst development requirements in academic and industrial research. Herein, a coherent workflow for the efficient transition of electrocatalysts from basic research to application readiness for the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction is proposed. To demonstrate this research approach, La_0.8Sr_0.2CoO₃ is selected as a catalyst, and its electrocatalytic performance is compared with that of the benchmark material NiFe₂O₄. The La_0.8Sr_0.2CoO₃ catalyst with the desired dispersity is successfully synthesized by scalable spray-flame synthesis. Subsequently, inks are formulated using different binders (Nafion®, Naf; Sustainion®, Sus), and nickel substrates are spray coated, ensuring a homogeneous catalyst distribution. Extensive electrochemical evaluations, including several scale-bridging techniques, highlight the efficiency of the La_0.8Sr_0.2CoO₃ catalyst. Experiments using the scanning droplet cell (SDC) indicate good lateral homogeneity for La_0.8Sr_0.2CoO₃ electrodes and NiFe₂O₄-Sus, while the NiFe₂O₄-Naf film suffers from delamination. Among the various half-cell techniques, SDC proves to be a valuable tool to quickly check whether a catalyst layer is suitable for full-cell-level testing and will be used for the fast-tracking of catalysts in the future. Complementary compression and flow cell experiments provide valuable information on the electrodes' behavior upon exposure to chemical and mechanical stress. Finally, parameters and conditions simulating industrial settings are applied using a zero-gap cell. Findings from various research fields across different scales obtained based on the developed coherent workflow contribute to a better understanding of the electrocatalytic system at the early stages of development and provide important insights for the evaluation of novel materials that are to be used in large-scale industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal chloride-graphite intercalation compounds for rechargeable metal-ion batteries","authors":"Anbang Lu,&nbsp;Fei Wang,&nbsp;Zhendong Liu,&nbsp;Yuchen Wang,&nbsp;Yue Gu,&nbsp;Shuang Wang,&nbsp;Chong Ye,&nbsp;Quanbing Liu,&nbsp;Chengzhi Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Tan","doi":"10.1002/cey2.600","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cey2.600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The typical metal chloride-graphite intercalation compounds (MC-GICs) inherit intercalation capacity, high charge conductivity, and high tap density from graphite, and these are considered as one of the promising alternatives of graphite anode in rechargeable metal-ion batteries (MIBs). Notably, the special interlayer decoupling effects and the introduction of extra conversion capacity by metal chloride could greatly break the capacity limitation of graphite anodes and achieve higher energy density in MIBs. The optimization of both graphite host and metal chloride species with specific structures endows MC-GICs with design feasibility for different application requirements of different MIBs, such as several times the actual capacity compared to graphite anodes, rapid migration of large carriers, and other properties. Herein, a brief review has been provided with the latest understanding of conductivity characteristics and energy storage mechanisms of MC-GICs and their interesting performance features of full potential application in rechargeable MIBs. Based on the existing research of MC-GICs, necessary improvements and prospects in the near future have been put forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rationalizing the catalytic surface area of oxygen vacancy-enriched layered perovskite LaSrCrO4 nanowires on oxygen electrocatalyst for enhanced performance of Li–O2 batteries","authors":"Myeong-Chang Sung,&nbsp;Chan Ho Kim,&nbsp;Byoungjoon Hwang,&nbsp;Dong-Wan Kim","doi":"10.1002/cey2.550","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cey2.550","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efficient electrocatalysis at the cathode is crucial to addressing the limited stability and low rate capability of Li−O₂ batteries. This study examines the kinetic behavior of Li−O₂ batteries utilizing layered perovskite LaSrCrO₄ nanowires (NWs) composed of lower oxidation states. Layered perovskite LaSrCrO₄ NWs exhibited improved rate capability over a wide range of current densities and longer cycle life in Li−O₂ batteries than V-based layered perovskite (LaSrVO₄) and simple perovskite (La_0.8Sr_0.2CrO₃) NWs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical surface area analyses showed that the observed performance variations primarily stemmed from active sites such as oxygen vacancies. In situ Raman analysis showed that these active sites significantly modulate the kinetics of oxygen reduction and evolution, which are related to LiO₂ intermediate adsorption. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the active sites in layered perovskite LaSrCrO₄ NWs contributed to their high charge transfer capability and reduced polarization. This study presents an appealing method for the precise fabrication and analysis of Cr-based layered perovskites, aimed at achieving highly efficient and stable bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.550","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling reaction discrepancy and electrolyte stabilizing effects of auto-oxygenated porphyrin catalysts in lithium–oxygen and lithium–air cells","authors":"Boran Kim, Hyunyoung Park, Hyun-Soo Kim, Jun Seo Lee, Jongsoon Kim, Won-Hee Ryu","doi":"10.1002/cey2.587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.587","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium–oxygen (Li–O₂) batteries are an emerging energy storage alternative with the potential to meet the recent increase in demand for high-energy-density batteries. From a practical viewpoint, lithium–air (Li–Air) batteries using ambient air instead of pure oxygen could be the final goal. However, the slow oxygen reduction and evolution reactions interfere with reversible cell operation during cycling. Therefore, research continues to explore various catalyst materials. The present study attempts to improve the performance of Li–Air batteries by using porphyrin-based materials known to have catalytic effects in Li–O₂ batteries. The results confirm that the iron phthalocyanine (FePc) catalyst not only exhibits a catalytic effect in an air atmosphere with a low oxygen fraction but also suppresses electrolyte decomposition by stabilizing superoxide radical ions (O₂⁻) at a high voltage range. Density functional theory calculations are used to gain insight into the exact FePc-mediated catalytic mechanism in Li–Air batteries, and various ex situ and in situ analyses reveal the reversible reactions and structural changes in FePc during electrochemical reaction. This study provides a practical solution to ultimately realize an air-breathing battery using nature-friendly catalyst materials.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Back Cover Image, Volume 6, Number 8, August 2024","authors":"Jundong Zhong,&nbsp;Tingting Xu,&nbsp;Hongyan Qi,&nbsp;Weibo Sun,&nbsp;Shuang Zhao,&nbsp;Zhe Zhao,&nbsp;Yirong Sun,&nbsp;Youliang Zhu,&nbsp;Jianxin Mu,&nbsp;Haibo Zhang,&nbsp;Xuanbo Zhu,&nbsp;Zhenhua Jiang,&nbsp;Lei Jiang","doi":"10.1002/cey2.653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b><i>Back cover image</i></b>: The ion transport properties of porous membrane materials are essential in numerous applications, and achieving synergistic enhancement of both permeability and selectivity remains a significant challenge. In the article number cey2.458, Zhu and co-workers reported a strategy to address this challenge by developing a charge-tunable nanofluidic membrane. Inserting chargetunable copolymers into GO membranes, effectively matches the charge density of the membrane with the pore size. This synergistic enhancement strategy led to a nearly 10-fold increase in osmotic energy generation, and it was expected to optimize the energy structure and promote the utilization and conversion of clean energy in the future.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.653","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image, Volume 6, Number 8, August 2024","authors":"Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Daming Feng,&nbsp;Chenglin Wu,&nbsp;Chenghua Sun,&nbsp;Baohua Jia,&nbsp;Xue Liu,&nbsp;Tianyi Ma","doi":"10.1002/cey2.652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b><i>Front cover image</i></b>: Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to syngas (CO and H₂) offers an efficient way to mitigate carbon emissions and store intermittent renewable energy in chemicals. However, it is tricky to produce an adjustable ratio of syngas due to the difficulty of maintaining a balance between CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In article number cey2.461, Zhang et al. prepare hierarchical one-dimensional/three-dimensional nitrogen-doped porous carbon (1D/3D NPC) by carbonizing the composite of Zn-MOF-74 crystals <i>in situ</i> grown on a commercial melamine sponge (MS). Benefiting from the unique spatial environment of 1D/3D NPC, the reaction kinetics is significantly improved by increasing specific surface areas, CO₂ adsorption, mass transport, and facilitating electron transfer from the 3D N-doped carbon framework to 1D porous carbon. The bifunctional activity of N-doped carbon materials for CO₂RR and HER is beneficial for regulating the balance between CO₂RR and HER. The carbonizing temperatures can affect the distribution of N species and further dominate syngas composition ratios.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":19.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cey2.652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the electrochemical performance of semicoke-based hard carbon anode through oxidation-crosslinking strategy for low-cost sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Huizhen Ma, Yakun Tang, Bin Tang, Yue Zhang, Limin Deng, Lang Liu, Sen Dong, Yuliang Cao","doi":"10.1002/cey2.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.584","url":null,"abstract":"Semicoke, a coal pyrolysis product, is a cost-effective and high-yield precursor for hard carbon used as anode in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, as a thermoplastic precursor, semicoke inevitably graphitizes during high-temperature carbonization, so it is not easy to form the hard carbon structure. Herein, we propose an oxidation-crosslinking strategy to realize fusion-to-solid-state pyrolysis of semicoke. The semicoke is first preoxidized using a modified alkali-oxygen oxidation method to enrich its surface with carboxyl groups, which are localization points and the cross-linking reactions occur with citric acid to build the semicoke precursor with homogeneous and abundant -C-(O)–O- groups (up to 21 at% oxygen content). The -C-(O)–O- groups effectively prevent the rearrangement of carbon microcrystals in semicoke during carbonization, resulting in the formation of an abundant pseudographite structure with larger carbon interlayer spacing and micropores. The optimized semicoke-based hard carbon shows both a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 81% and a specific capacity of 307 mAh g⁻¹, with low-voltage plateau capacity increased to 2.5 times, compared to that of the unmodified semicoke carbon. By the combination of detailed discharge curves and in situ X-ray diffraction analysis, the plateau capacity of semicoke-based hard carbon is mainly derived from interlayer intercalation of Na⁺ ion. The proposed oxidation-crosslinking strategy can contribute to the usage of low-cost and high-performance hard carbons in advanced SIBs.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial chemistry and structural engineering modified carbon fibers for stable sodium metal anodes","authors":"Chenxiao Chu, Chunting Wang, Weisong Meng, Feipeng Cai, Bo Wang, Nana Wang, Jian Yang, Zhongchao Bai","doi":"10.1002/cey2.601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.601","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium (Na) metal stands out as a highly promising anode material for high-energy-density Na batteries owing to its abundant resources and exceptional theoretical capacity at low redox potential. Nevertheless, the uncontrolled growth of Na dendrites and the accompanying volumetric changes during the plating/stripping process lead to safety concerns and poor electrochemical performances. This study introduces nitrogen and oxygen co-doped carbon nanofiber networks wrapped carbon felt (NO-CNCF), serving as Na deposition skeletons to facilitate a highly reversible Na metal anode. The NO-CNCF framework with uniformly distributed “sodiophilic” functional groups, nanonetwork protuberances, and cross-linked network scaffold structure can avoid charge accumulation and facilitate the dendrite-free Na deposition. Benefiting from these features, the NO-CNCF@Na symmetrical cells demonstrate notable enhancements in cycling stability, achieving 4000 h cycles at 1 mA cm⁻² for 1 mAh cm⁻² and 2400 h cycles at 2 mA cm⁻² for 2 mAh cm⁻² with voltage overpotential of approximately 6 and 10 mV, respectively. Furthermore, the NVP//NO-CNCF@Na full cells achieve stable cycling performance and favorable rate capability. This investigation offers novel insights into fabricating a “sodiophilic” matrix with a multistage structure toward high-performance Na metal batteries.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rich electron delocalization structure in carbon nitride inducing radical transfer for high-performance photocatalytic uranyl reduction","authors":"Zhangmeng Liu, Yayao Li, Shuaiqi Yao, Runchao Zhou, Guiting Lin, Yunzhi Fu, Qixin Zhou, Wei Wang, Weijie Chi","doi":"10.1002/cey2.636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.636","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating the activation of the persulfate process through heterogeneous carbonaceous catalysts to expedite the reduction of uranyl ions (U(VI)) is imperative. The primary hurdle involves understanding the transfer and distribution of photogenerated carriers during the reduction process in this intricate system and deciphering the role of activated groups in promoting reduction efficiency. In this study, we strategically regulate the structure of polymeric carbon nitride to promote the N-doped state, thereby facilitating delocalization electron enrichment. The resulting active sites effectively activate peroxyl disulfate (PDS), generating radicals that expedite the selective reduction of U(VI). This strategic approach mitigates the inherent disadvantage of the short half-life of free radicals in persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes. As a consequence of our endeavors and with the simultaneous presence of PDS and hydrogen peroxide, we achieve an exceptional photoreduction efficiency of 100% within a remarkably short period of 20 min. This breakthrough presents a high-efficiency application with significant potential for addressing the pollution associated with uranyl-containing wastewater. Our findings not only contribute to the fundamental understanding of AOPs but also offer a practical solution with implications for environmental remediation.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving reaction uniformity of high-loading lithium-sulfur pouch batteries","authors":"Hun Kim, Jae-Min Kim, Ha-Neul Choi, Kyeong-Jun Min, Shivam Kansara, Jang-Yeon Hwang, Jung Ho Kim, Hun-Gi Jung, Yang-Kook Sun","doi":"10.1002/cey2.578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.578","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have garnered attention from both academia and industry because they can achieve high energy densities (&gt;400 Wh kg^–1), which are difficult to achieve in commercially available lithium-ion batteries. As a preparation step for practically utilizing LSBs, there is a problem, wherein battery cycle life rapidly reduces as the loading level of the sulfur cathode increases and the electrode area expands. In this study, a separator coated with boehmite on both sides of polyethylene (hereinafter denoted as boehmite separator) is incorporated into a high-loading Li-S pouch battery to suppress sudden capacity drops and achieve a longer cycle life. We explore a phenomenon by which inequality is generated in regions where an electrochemical reaction occurs in the sulfur cathode during the discharging and charging of a high-capacity Li-S pouch battery. The boehmite separator inhibits the accumulation of sulfur-related species on the surface of the sulfur cathode to induce an even reaction across the entire cathode and suppresses the degradation of the Li metal anode, allowing the pouch battery with an areal capacity of 8 mAh cm^–2 to operate stably for 300 cycles. These results demonstrate the importance of customizing separators for the practical use of LSBs.","PeriodicalId":33706,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142211836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}