International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control最新文献

{"title":"3D reservoir quality estimation of the Lower Volpriehausen Unit in the Eastern German North Sea: A statistic and stochastic modelling approach","authors":"Felix Kästner ,&nbsp;Arne Fuhrmann,&nbsp;Hauke Thöle,&nbsp;Astrid Schlieder-Kowitz,&nbsp;Gesa Kuhlmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon dioxide (CO₂) storage in deeply buried sandstones can contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly from hard-to-abate industrial sectors. Triassic sandstones of the Middle Buntsandstein Subgroup on the West Schleswig Block offer favourable conditions to act as potential storage reservoir. While previous studies focused on regional assessments of trap structures and static capacity estimations, this is the first assessment of the extent and quality of the reservoir itself. We have created a 3D model of the West Schleswig Block to assess the reservoir quality and spatial distribution of the basal sandstones of the Volpriehausen Formation, the primary reservoir of the Middle Buntsandstein Subgroup in this region, at top depths between 2121 m (P10) and 2854 m (P90). To this end, we have developed parameter models for shale content, effective porosity, and permeability to obtain regional trend maps. Our results show that the Lower Volpriehausen Unit exhibit good lateral continuity, with a median thickness of 43 m (ranging from 25 m to 85 m) and a mean porosity of 21 % (12 % - 28 %, P10-P90). Locally, low porosities are primarily caused by high shale content and diagenetic cementation. These findings indicate variable reservoir quality for formerly mapped reservoir structures on the West Schleswig Block, which has to be considered in future carbon storage exploration efforts. Our study can facilitate future developments in the screening and evaluation of potential storage sites in the German North Sea and presents a valuable resource for local CO₂ storage capacity models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104435"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beta-Amino Carboxylate (BAC) non-aqueous physical solvents for enhanced CO2 separations in pre-combustion carbon capture, industrial CO2 capture, and biogas upgrading processes","authors":"Jeffrey T. Culp ,&nbsp;Robert L. Thompson ,&nbsp;Kathryn H. Smith ,&nbsp;David Hopkinson ,&nbsp;Nicholas Siefert","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel beta-amino carboxylate (BAC) solvents have been synthesized and tested to efficiently capture carbon dioxide (CO₂) from process gas streams with CO₂ partial pressure intermediate between pre-combustion and post-combustion capture. The BAC solvents have molecular structures characterized by alkyl-substituted amides or esters containing a secondary amine functional group on the second carbon from the carbonyl carbon (referred to as the beta “β” carbon). The ester or amide functional group combined with optimal steric crowding around the amine nitrogen by proximate alkyl groups are tailored to modify the strength of CO₂ binding in the solvent. The solvents possess high CO₂ solubilities and high gas selectivity including good CO₂/H₂O selectivity and can be utilized for CO₂ absorption over a range of partial pressures. Due to low volatility, many of the solvents can be operated at or above ambient temperature which eliminates solvent chilling and allows regeneration using low grade waste heat. These novel solvents offer an opportunity for efficient carbon capture for a range of applications including biogas upgrading, hydrogen production, and pre-combustion carbon capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104432"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of output-based ETS and subsidies on CCS retrofitting in China’s coal-fired power plants","authors":"Changsheng Yi,&nbsp;Linlin Xu,&nbsp;Yaling Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been considered as a pivotal technology to reduce carbon emissions in carbon-intensive industries, such as coal-fired power plants (CFPPs). Nevertheless, high investment cost and unclear policy support make the CCS deployment far from the climate mitigation goals in China. This study employs the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) approach to evaluate the life cycle cost of electricity generation for CFPPs with CCS retrofitting, which considers not only the financial incentives (i.e., the initial investment subsidy and carbon tax subsidy), but the non-financial incentives (such as the carbon emission quota). Specifically, we design four benchmark tightening scenarios to explore the impacts of output-based emission trading system (ETS) and government subsidies on CCS retrofitting. The results are as follows: (1) The CCS retrofitting without quota trading is less attractive for CFPPs to deliver the carbon emissions reduction, in that the initial investment subsidy is not enough to stimulate the CCS retrofitting. (2) If the quota benchmark remains 754 g/kWh unchanged, the CFPPs can turn a profit from CCS retrofitting when the critical carbon tax subsidy reaches 388 CNY/t. As the quota benchmarks are tightened, the carbon tax subsidy must rise to maintain the carbon balance under the ETS. (3) When the quota benchmarks are tightened more stringently, the CFPPs can make a profit only if the quota price gets more higher.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caprock integrity: A critical factor for carbon capture and storage in the Vienna Basin","authors":"Lukas Skerbisch ,&nbsp;David Misch ,&nbsp;Michael Drews ,&nbsp;Klaus Arnberger ,&nbsp;Volker Schuller ,&nbsp;Andras Zamolyi ,&nbsp;Thomas Hantschel ,&nbsp;Daniel Palmowski ,&nbsp;Adrian Kleine","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is commonly accepted that geologic CO₂ sequestration will be needed to meet carbon emission goals and reduce the impact of anthropogenic climate change. While the feasibility of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas fields is proven, the social acceptance for CO₂ injection into geological formations remains low. Most sites under development are located offshore, while onshore storage is generally perceived more critically. The long-term integrity of barrier layers in the storage complex is considered a major risk factor to be acknowledged in approval procedures. This study therefore aims at providing a comprehensive view on the CO₂ seal capacity of mudstones in the Vienna Basin, a potential target area for future onshore CCS in depleted oil and gas fields or saline aquifers. In a first step, the static capillary seal capacity was modelled based on wireline log-derived porosity vs. depth trends. Secondly, all processes potentially causing a CO₂ breakthrough into the seal were identified and their respective contributions to CO₂ leakage from a hypothetical storage complex were quantified. Lastly, a 1D reactive transport model was established to evaluate mineralogy and porosity changes in a seal layer of known composition and formation water chemistry over post-operational time spans of 1000–100,000 years. For both static and dynamic sealing scenarios it is shown that seal capacity in the Vienna Basin is high, and storage risks associated with top seal integrity are likely negligible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104434"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Coupled Well-Reservoir Model to Quantify CO2 Release Rates and Temperatures during Well Blowouts in Geologic Carbon Storage","authors":"Pramod Bhuvankar,&nbsp;Abdullah Cihan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern wells are designed for safe and efficient transport of fluids. CO₂ injection wells are managed through engineering best practice such that acute releases of fluids are exceedingly rare. However, stakeholders have interest to understand the scale and dynamics of such low probability events to better inform investment and insurance decision making. Here we present a physics-based well-reservoir model to simulate transient acute release of CO₂ from injection wells through an unconfined bore-hole. The developed well model captures supercritical–liquid–gas–solid phase transitions of CO₂ during rapid depressurization. We applied this model to study the CO₂ flow rates and well-head cooling from an onshore injection well in a deep saline aquifer. For a hypothetical well undergoing two-week long release after 1 year of injection at a rate of <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>25</mn></mrow></math></span> MT/year, we observed up to <span><math><mrow><mn>48000</mn></mrow></math></span> tons of total CO₂ released. A near-triple-point temperature of −58°C was observed at the wellhead. Our simulations show the CO₂ flow rate to be sensitive to the reservoir permeability. With the developed model as a reference, we investigate various simplifications to speed up computations. The heat transfer between the well-bore and surrounding rocks is shown to have insignificant impact on the flow rate over two weeks, and is therefore be neglected in the simplified model. We use simulations to demonstrate the validity of a quasi-steady flow assumption inside the well. The proposed simplifications are shown to significantly speed up computations of acute CO₂ release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104373"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward consistent evaluation of CO2-EOR: A meta-analysis of life cycle assessments","authors":"Muhammad Y. Jabbar ,&nbsp;Sean T. McCoy ,&nbsp;Mohammad S. Masnadi ,&nbsp;Joule A. Bergerson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the last two decades, extensive research on the life cycle carbon footprints of CO₂-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) has yielded a wide range of results, yet inconsistent methodologies have hindered the reliability of these evaluations for policy development. To address these methodological inconsistencies, this study conducted a systematic meta-analysis of global life cycle assessment (LCA) studies examining GHG emission factors from CO₂-EOR systems utilizing both natural and industrial sources. The research developed and implemented a standardized evaluation workflow incorporating comprehensive screening, eligibility assessment, inclusion/exclusion criteria, data validation, clustering, and harmonization of critical background parameters, particularly electricity grid emission factors. The analysis employed both economic allocation and substitution approaches to evaluate life cycle emission factors across the complete supply chain. The harmonized gate-to-gate (GtG) emission factors resulted in a range from 14 to 167 kg CO₂e/bbl, with a median of 56 kg CO₂e/bbl. Statistical analysis revealed that electricity consumption exhibited a stronger correlation with emission factors than net CO₂ utilization, emphasizing the importance of electricity sourcing in LCA evaluations. When expanding to cradle-to-grave boundaries, the choice of allocation methodology emerged as a dominant driver of LCA, with median GHG emission factors varying from +538 kg CO₂e/bbl using economic allocation to -250 kg CO₂e/bbl using substitution approaches. Additionally, the CO₂ source characteristics, the type of displaced crude oil, and the EOR process design were found to significantly influence results. This systematic assessment underscores the imperative for standardized monitoring and comprehensive reporting of venting and fugitive emissions to reduce LCA uncertainties. The findings demonstrate how methodological choices, boundary definitions, and underlying assumptions critically impact CO₂-EOR emission factor evaluations, providing guidance for enhancing the robustness of future LCAs and informing reliable policy and research recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caprock complexity and storage assurance: Advanced findings on CO₂ containment in the Bunter Sandstone Formation","authors":"Ali Alsayah ,&nbsp;Sean P. Rigby","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lower Triassic Bunter Sandstone Formation in the Southern North Sea is a promising site for CO₂ storage. This reservoir has a complex structure, particularly in the overlying Haisborough Group caprock, along with fractured shale interlayers, chimney like-structures and fault features. This study highlighted the importance of incorporating all of this complexity into a model of a ‘Bunter-like’ storage site.</div><div>Given the limited geological data on Bunter, four scenarios (Cases 1–4) were created to assess the impact of CO₂ storage on the integrity of a complex caprock structure. This study revealed that fracture reactivation within variegated shale interlayers differed when comparing scenarios with a multi-layered caprock or a single caprock. With a multi-layered caprock, the CO₂ plume was able to leak via the chimney region, whereas, with a single caprock, it did not. Furthermore, mineral dissolution/precipitation behaviour, particularly halite within the sub-layers of the shale interlayers, varied between the multi-layered and single caprock scenarios. Additionally, greater fault reactivation was observed in multi-layered caprocks compared to single caprock scenarios. With a multi-layered caprock, fault reactivation resulted in increased fault vertical and horizontal permeability than those observed in the single caprock scenario. The presence of a fault traversing several different layers of a multi-layer caprock led to different mineralogical behaviour than with a single caprock.</div><div>This study emphasized the critical importance of intricate feedback interactions in systems with complex seal and reservoir geologies, as these interactions are essential for governing the overall behaviour of plume migration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic assessments of wellbore integrity for geologic carbon sequestration in deep saline aquifers via bulk-CO2 injection","authors":"Andreas Michael","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines wellbore integrity during bulk injection of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in deep saline aquifers, by modeling the associated stress-distribution evolutions within the three-layer casing-cement sheath-rock formation (C/CS/RF) system. A novel scheme, incorporating a total of eleven (“<span><math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>″) failure mechanisms is used to assess each layer of the C/CS/RF system, discretely.</div><div>The magnitude of the normal-effective stresses along the C/CS and CS/RF interfaces provide a set of calibration parameters to model the stress distributions within the intermediate-CS layer via estimating “free strains” created during the cement-curing process, while the integrity of the C/CS/RF system is assessed over a 30-year period of bulk-CO₂ injection in a closed (bounded system) and an open (unbounded system) aquifer. Disking failures, along with radial and shear-cracking tendencies, predicted within the intermediate-CS layer in closed-aquifer configurations, provide potential pathways for CO₂ leakages back into the atmosphere. The three aforementioned failure tendencies remain in open-aquifer configurations also, albeit to a smaller degree.</div><div>The generated stress distributions indicate no-inner debonding tendency along the C/CS interface, with the outer-debonding limit approached at the CS/RF interface, yet not exceeded. Furthermore, no tensile failures (via longitudinal or transverse-fracture initiation) are predicted from the CS/RF interface, nor any casing failures (related to compressive/tensile and collapse/burst stress loads). Neither of these scenarios (closed or open-aquifer configurations) is expected to trigger seismic activity along pre-existing faults (PEFs) in the CO₂-injection well’s vicinity. Finally, CO₂/brine displacement is overviewed using analytical and numerical means, as an alternative approach for potentially increasing storage efficiencies without wellbore-integrity compromises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104425"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title: System integration in CCUS initiatives: Current considerations in North European countries","authors":"Rikke Drustrup ,&nbsp;Ivar Lyhne ,&nbsp;Jesper Raakjær","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deployment of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies requires extensive interactions with existing socio-technical systems across the value chain, involving various input and output flows of resources. As the number of CCUS projects grows, it is essential to examine how these interactions are managed during the development and operation phases, with a focus on systemic effects. This study reviews scientific literature and investigates CCUS initiatives in four European countries to analyze how key actors perceive and address system integration. Through coding of data from interviews with 17 representatives across the CCUS value chain, the findings reveal substantial variation in how systemic integration is considered among different actor profiles, leading to a proposed typology of four approaches to systemic effect consideration. The study outlines implications for CCUS implementation and suggests areas for future research to deepen the understanding of CCUS systemic effects. These findings are particularly relevant for stakeholders involved in integrating CCUS projects within specific contexts and systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fault permeability in carbonate-marl multilayers: implications for faulted CO2 storage site assessment","authors":"E.A.H. Michie ,&nbsp;F. Agosta ,&nbsp;L. Smeraglia ,&nbsp;S.L. Allshorn","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the petrophysical and structural properties of faulted marl-carbonate multilayers to better understand their potential to act as barriers or conduits to fluid migration. The research focuses on the potential Smeaheia CO₂ storage site in the Norwegian North Sea, complemented by analogues from the Gubbio and Mt. Gorzano Fault zones in Italy. Utilizing petrophysical measurements, optical microscopy, and structural analysis, we evaluate the deformation mechanisms and their impact on fault rock permeability. Our findings reveal significant variability in fault rock permeability, governed by lithological heterogeneity. Marl-rich fault rocks exhibit permeability that is lower in comparison to that measured within the undeformed host rock, due to clay-rich pressure solution seams and veining, enhancing their sealing capacity. Conversely, carbonate-rich units display increased permeability, associated with brecciation, cataclasis, and open fracturing, which may compromise sealing integrity. Carbonate-marl mixed scenarios show intense brecciation, cementation, veining and pressure solution that results in an average permeability that is similar to that measured within the undeformed host rock, despite the variety of deformation microstructures. At Smeaheia, the dominance of marl within the overburden may suggest a potential for effective containment when juxtaposed against the reservoir unit, due to pressure solution being the likely main active mechanism, that may lower the transmissibility and transmissibility multipliers of the fault. By refining our understanding of fault-sealing mechanisms in carbonate-marl multilayers, these insights are useful for site selection and risk assessment for CO₂ storage where these lithologies are common in the subsurface, contributing to global efforts in carbon management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104427"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}