International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control最新文献

{"title":"Demonstration of the DMX™ technology for carbon capture and storage in steel production: An environmental assessment","authors":"David Yang Shu ,&nbsp;Leidy-Tatiana Vargas-Ibáñez ,&nbsp;Guillaume Batôt ,&nbsp;Fabrice Devaux ,&nbsp;Vania Santos Moreau ,&nbsp;Ludger Leenders ,&nbsp;André Bardow","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-combustion carbon capture and storage (CCS) can be retrofitted to existing industrial plants to reduce CO₂ emissions. However, implementing CCS requires the construction and operation of additional process equipment, transport infrastructure, and geological storage facilities. The environmental impacts of the additional industrial infrastructure and its operation can be quantified using the life-cycle assessment methodology. However, life-cycle assessments often rely on generic CCS supply chain models or proxies due to a lack of data. This study evaluates the environmental impact of a megatonne-scale CCS supply chain applied to the blast furnace gas of a steel plant based on detailed data generated in the <em>DMX™ Demonstration in Dunkirk</em> project. In particular, a CCS supply chain is investigated that uses the DMX™ technology, a second-generation amine-based post-combustion CCS technology. Our assessment indicates high life-cycle CCS efficiencies of the supply chain under a wide range of scenarios, with life-cycle emissions below 100<!--> <!-->kg of CO₂-eq. per tonne of CO₂ captured and stored. This efficiency results from the local energy supply’s low greenhouse-gas-intensity and efficient offshore transport. Compared to primary steel production, non-climate-related impacts of the CCS supply chain are small, except for <em>ionizing radiation</em>, <em>water scarcity</em>, <em>resource use of energy carriers</em>, and <em>ozone depletion</em>, where impacts could be reduced with renewable electricity. While CCS can substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions in steel production already today, we show that CCS is insufficient to achieve net-zero emission steel. Given high costs and supply chain complexity, CCS must be integrated into broader decarbonization strategies to avoid stranded assets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A two-stage robust optimal dispatching model for source-load-storage resources flexibility supply-demand balance considering integrated carbon capture power plants","authors":"Yushu Pan ,&nbsp;Zhongfu Tan ,&nbsp;Xinyu Guo ,&nbsp;Yueping Wang ,&nbsp;Shenbo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the shortage of flexibility caused by large-scale renewable energy connection to the power system, the paper considers retrofitting the carbon capture &amp; storage (CCS) and solvent storage tanks in thermal power plants (TPP) to form integrated carbon capture power plant (ICCPP), and quantifies the overall flexibility supply capacity of the power system by combining the characteristics of multiple resources. Secondly, considering the uncertainty of the net load ‘start and end time’, the flexibility requirement is calculated using the interval method. A two-stage robust optimization (TRO) dispatch model of the power system considering flexible supply and requirement is developed. The case study shows that: the conventional CCPP can reduce the carbon emission of TPP by 36.9 %, the upward and downward flexibility shortages are reduced by 17.45MW and 512.8MW respectively, and the total cost of day-ahead dispatching is reduced by 23.14 %. After configuring the solvent storage tanks, the carbon emission is further reduced by 8.03 % and there is no flexibility shortage, and the total cost is reduced by 5.3 %. The above results show that ICCPP can improve the low-carbon and flexibility of the power system, and the TRO model can well balance the economy and robustness of the dispatch plan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic feasibility of a novel bio-accelerated silicate weathering reactor concept for climate change mitigation","authors":"Nick Van Hee ,&nbsp;Michiel Van Tendeloo ,&nbsp;Konstantina Vasilakou ,&nbsp;Harun Niron ,&nbsp;Eric Struyf ,&nbsp;Jens Hartmann ,&nbsp;Sara Vicca ,&nbsp;Philippe Nimmegeers ,&nbsp;Siegfried E. Vlaeminck","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decarbonization of anthropogenic activities is critical to limit global warming. Enhanced silicate weathering (ESW) is a promising negative emission technology that permanently removes CO₂ through chemical reactions between silicates and water. However, traditional <em>ex-situ</em> processes are often cost-prohibitive, and <em>in-situ</em> approaches face challenges related to monitoring, leakage risks, and slow kinetics. Recent research indicates that biota (e.g., bacteria, fungi, earthworms) can enhance weathering rates, but the synergistic potential of multiple biota types remains underexplored. This study evaluates the techno-economic potential of a novel bioreactor concept that integrates multiple biota types with silicates, water and a CO₂ source to bio-accelerate CO₂ sequestration under milder, lower cost conditions. A prospective techno-economic assessment was conducted for three feedstock scenarios: 1) basalt and straw, 2) diabase and biochar and 3) steel slag and biochar, using Germany as a representative industrial case. For each scenario, the maximum economically viable rock use was determined relative to the European Emission Trading System (ETS) price of 90 €/tCO₂, and minimum sequestration target capacities were identified. Results indicate that the steel slag and biochar scenario is the most favorable, requiring a minimum sequestration capacity of 415 kgCO₂/t rock. Sensitivity analysis highlighted the CO₂ sequestration capacity, rock usage, feedstock cost, and transport logistics as key cost drivers. This study addresses an identified gap in techno-economic assessments of biologically assisted weathering systems and provides development targets for future optimization. The findings suggest that biota-assisted ESW reactors could offer a viable pathway for scalable and economically competitive CO₂ removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graph network surrogate model for optimizing the placement of horizontal injection wells for CO2 storage","authors":"Haoyu Tang,&nbsp;Louis J. Durlofsky","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing the locations of multiple CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> injection wells will be essential as we proceed from demonstration-scale to large-scale carbon storage operations. Well placement optimization is, however, a computationally intensive task because the flow responses associated with many potential configurations must be evaluated. There is thus a need for efficient surrogate models for this application. In this work we develop and apply a graph network surrogate model (GNSM) to predict the global pressure and CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> saturation fields in 3D geological models for arbitrary configurations of four horizontal wells. The GNSM uses an encoding–processing–decoding framework where the problem is represented in terms of computational graphs. Separate networks are applied for pressure and saturation predictions, and a multilayer perceptron is used to provide bottom-hole pressure (BHP) for each well at each time step. The GNSM is shown to achieve median relative errors of 4.2% for pressure and 6.8% for saturation over a test set involving very different plume shapes and dynamics. Runtime speedup is about a factor of <span><math><mrow><mn>120</mn><mo>×</mo></mrow></math></span> relative to high-fidelity simulation. The GNSM is applied for optimization using a differential evolution algorithm, where the goal is to minimize the CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> footprint subject to constraints on the well configuration, plume location and well BHPs. Optimization results using the GNSM are shown to be comparable to those achieved using (much more expensive) high-fidelity simulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 capture technologies and shortcut cost correlations for different inlet CO2 concentrations and flow rates. part 1: Chemical absorption","authors":"So-mang Kim,&nbsp;Grégoire Léonard","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon capture is a fast-growing sector with increasing commercial interest, yet significant uncertainties remain regarding its real performances. While many publications report CO₂ capture costs, which is one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) for capture technologies, there is a lack of harmonized cost estimation methods, making it difficult to compare technologies on a consistent basis. This has led to considerable discrepancies and inconsistencies across the literature. Moreover, capture costs strongly depend on process parameters such as CO₂ concentration and flue gas flow rates, which results in capture costs across the literature often being incomparable. To address these issues, this paper presents a framework for fairly evaluating the capture cost of chemical absorption technology via shortcut cost correlations. Amine scrubbing is selected as a benchmark technology, with comprehensive validations to precisely depict capture costs across the ranges of CO₂ concentrations (5–50 mol%) and feed flow rates (equivalent to a capture scale of 31–1250 kt/y). The proposed correlations can also handle different economic assumptions including utility costs, and estimation methodologies to accurately reflect final capital expenditures (CapEx) and operating expenditures (OpEx) under various industrial scenarios and operating conditions. The results of such easy-to-use correlations can serve as an important KPI in decision-making processes where CO₂ capture implementation costs need to be rapidly assessed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supply chain optimization for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement: A Norwegian case study","authors":"Martine Lindland ,&nbsp;Emmiche Advocaat Wigand ,&nbsp;Kjetil Fagerholt ,&nbsp;Frank Meisel ,&nbsp;Lisa Herlicka","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Negative Emissions Technologies (NETs) can contribute to capture atmospheric <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and mitigate climate change. One promising NET is Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE), which is the dispersal of slaked lime into ocean water to induce chemical processes that enhance the oceans’ <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> uptake capability. As OAE implementations are just evolving, there are various open questions. In this study, we focus on the design of OAE supply chain networks and propose a first optimization model for the Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Supply Chain Optimization Problem (OAE-SCOP). The model aims at achieving a specified net <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> uptake at minimum cost by deciding on the establishment of extraction sites, processing plants, and ports, as well as investments in processing capacities and carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies in the plants, the transport modes to use, the ship fleets involved for ocean distribution and the material flows within the entire network. It accounts for emissions generated by the supply chain processes, and balances these against the induced <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> uptake in the ocean. We apply the model to artificial test instances and a realistic case study in Norway. The results indicate that economies of scale could significantly reduce costs in large-scale implementations. Compared to land-based NETs, OAE seems more costly when considering purely financial metrics, but it may show the advantage of leveraging existing logistics networks for limestone processing and comes at less additional land use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A million scenarios to identify conditions for robust bioenergy carbon capture in Sweden","authors":"Oscar Stenström,&nbsp;Tharun Roshan Kumar,&nbsp;Magnus Rydén","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-scale bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS) could be realized without escalating biomass use - under the right conditions. We apply robust decision-making theory to frame carbon capture as a decision problem. We then search for conditions of low costs and energy penalties by modelling the capture decision across a million scenarios of already-existing plants in Sweden. Mining the scenario data reveals that annual plant utilization, heat recovery via heat pumps and electricity prices constitute key conditions for combined heat and power plants. For pulp mills, key conditions are site-specific, but the availability of low-pressure steam and electricity prices are generally important. A sensitivity analysis supports these findings, but also identifies capture rates as key. About 19 MtCO₂ could be captured annually from the 113 plants studied while combusting zero additional biomass. Under the identified conditions, this would entail reduced power and district heating generation of 5.1-7.9 TWh per year – a modest penalty relative to the 220 TWh generated annually in Sweden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow2Quake, an integrated multiphase flow, geomechanical and seismicity model for efficient forecasting of injection and extraction induced earthquakes","authors":"Mateo Acosta ,&nbsp;Thomas Ledevin ,&nbsp;Guillaume Salha ,&nbsp;Charles Forestier ,&nbsp;Lucie Michelin ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Fu ,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Avouac","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efforts to secure and decarbonize the energy sector are driving various subsurface reservoir operations. These operations carry a risk of inducing surface deformation and earthquakes. To assess these risks, modeling tools integrating fluid flow, geomechanical and seismicity modeling are needed. Here, we demonstrate the use of an efficient Vertical Flow Equilibrium (VFE) multiphase fluid flow model in an integrated framework for deformation and seismicity modeling both under fluid extraction or injection configurations. The VFE-computed spatio-temporal pressure evolution is fed to a geomechanical module to compute surface deformation and stress changes in and around the reservoir. Stress changes feed a seismicity module to calculate earthquake probabilities. First, we apply the benchmarked model to gas extraction from Groningen. There, we can reduce the variance of pressure measurements by <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>38% with respect to a pre-existing single phase flow model while remaining computationally efficient. The surface deformation and seismicity simulations show remarkable agreement with observed data. Second, we study induced seismicity due to CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> sequestration in the Decatur phase 1 project. We find that, for the Decatur phase 1 project, poroelastic stress changes can account for most of the non-clustered observed seismicity within modeling uncertainties. Finally we simulate scenarios for CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> sequestration using the Quest field. The sloping reservoir topography significantly impacts the predicted position of the CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> plume but the effects on geomechanical deformation (and seismicity) are minimal. Incorporating VFE models with geomechanical and seismicity forecasts with real-world case applications can allow real-time hazard assessment and mitigation procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104388"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of impurities in CCS from pilot capture plants to sequestration sites—A review","authors":"Eleni G. Nikolaidou ,&nbsp;Evie Nessi ,&nbsp;Panos Seferlis ,&nbsp;Athanasios I. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the presence and effects of impurities in the carbon capture, transportation and sequestration (CCS) technology chain. We start from the composition of flue gases and investigate the subsequent treatment methods, the technical and operating characteristics of solvent-based CO₂ capture pilot plants, the compositions of the absorber and desorber outlet streams and the CO₂ stream specifications for downstream compression, transportation and storage processes. We present public data from 40 campaigns in large capture pilot plants and 20 sets of specifications for CO₂ transportation and underground storage from national agencies, companies and projects worldwide. We identify and categorize the impurities depending on the flue gas source and the solvent type. The most commonly identified emissions in the treated gas are ammonia (NH₃) and the solvent used in each plant. Monoethanolamine (MEA) emissions are higher compared to those of the other amine solvents. Sulfur and nitrogen oxides (SO_x, NO_x) are the most investigated impurities, whereas oxalate and formate are the most reported degradation products. Regardless of the solvent used, NO_x, NH₃ and aldehydes are reported in the CO₂ gas product stream of most campaigns. The specifications for transportation and sequestration have similarities, with those of Northern Lights being stricter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104410"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions of CO2 with sedimentary blue carbon: the fate of leaked CO2 from a geological storage site","authors":"Malini Kallingal ,&nbsp;Tom Kettlety ,&nbsp;Christopher Batchelor-McAuley ,&nbsp;Rosalind E.M. Rickaby","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the main considerations in terms of carbon dioxide removal techniques is the net carbon storage potential, i.e. whether the amount of carbon that can be stored, significantly outweighs the carbon footprint of the process of storage. Here we assess the potential for disruption of blue carbon stored in sediments, and interactions with leaked CO₂ above a sub-seafloor geological storage site. Blue carbon is carbon stored within the ocean which, in this study, is in the form of sedimentary calcium carbonate, or organic carbon. CO₂ injected into sub-sea bed geological storage sites can be effectively trapped and retained. Despite the perceived safety of geological CO₂ storage, it is imperative to thoroughly evaluate and address the risks of carbon loss either through disturbance of sea bed carbon with infrastructure, or through the impacts of potential CO₂ leakage from the storage reservoir. This study aims to quantify the amount of blue carbon, and its different components, which is at risk of loss above a proposed CO₂ reservoir in the North Sea. Second we investigate the impact of CO₂ leakage from the reservoir on sediment-stored blue carbon through laboratory based experiments. The sediments in the North Sea were found to contain minimal organic carbon but a significant variable fraction of biogenic calcite in the form of shells. The leaked CO₂ was found to act as an acid titrating away the CO₃^2- ion in seawater to drive undersaturation with respect to calcite until equilibration occurs between the CO₂ stream and the calcite. The study infers that sites abundant in particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) face a heightened risk of blue carbon depletion in the event of leakage, but with considerable potential for re-sequestration of the escaped CO₂ into solution as the HCO₃^- ion, as a result of enhanced dissolution of seafloor calcium carbonates and release of buffering alkalinity. This aqueous storage of any released CO₂ will be limited under low rates of release, due to the titration of the carbon dioxide with the alkalinity already present in the sediment pore water. Conversely, at higher release rates the re-sequestration of the escaped CO₂ is controlled by the solubility of the calcium carbonate under near CO₂ saturated conditions, such that the proportion of resequestered CO₂ can be quantified through a thermodynamic framework. Locales rich in particulate organic carbon (POC) tend to exhibit a reduced susceptibility to blue carbon loss, yet have a reduced neutralization potential for CO₂ leakage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}