Infection Prevention in Practice最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of disinfection procedures to reduce Acinetobacter baumanii blaOXA-23 contamination rate of needleless connectors: an in-vitro study","authors":"C. Biazus-Dalcin ,&nbsp;T.C.M. Sincero ,&nbsp;C.P. Zamparette ,&nbsp;D.C. Tartari ,&nbsp;S. de Souza ,&nbsp;T.L. Silva ,&nbsp;A. Tomazoni ,&nbsp;P.K. Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study aimed to verify the efficacy of disinfection procedures to reduce <em>Acinetobacter baumannii bla</em>_OXA-23 bacterial load in needleless connectors that had been experimentally contaminated.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Two-way intermediate extender's hub and needle-free valve were contaminated with <em>Acinetobacter baumannii bla</em>_OXA-23. To disinfect them, the following procedures were carried out: sterile gauze with 70% ethanol, sterile gauze with Incidin®, and 70% isopropyl alcohol single-use cap, with eight times friction for 10 s, followed by 5 s drying time. The statistical tests Kruskal–Wallis and post-hoc Conover were performed using MedCalc®.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 82 experiments were conducted. All tested disinfection procedures were efficacious in reducing the A. <em>baumannii bla</em>_OXA-23 load. The 70% IPA single-use cap was found to be the best method for disinfecting the two-way intermediate extender's hub (87.28%), while all the methods were efficacious for the disinfection of the needle-free valve (more than 90%). During the inoculation period, <em>A. baumannii bla</em>_OXA-23 showed less adherence to the needle-free valve during the inoculation period, probably due to the device's design.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The three tested disinfection procedures using sterile gauze with 70% ethanol, sterile gauze with Incidin®, and 70% IPA single-use cap were found to be efficacious in reducing the bacterial load of <em>A. baumanni bla</em>_{<em>OXA-23</em>} in needleless connectors. Proper disinfection of needleless connectors is a crucial nursing practice to prevent bloodstream infections, as it significantly reduces the bacterial load present in the device.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000616/pdfft?md5=61d8e715701963a973546981466696b6&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000616-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138610434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the combination of UV-C light and bleach less effective than bleach alone for intensive care unit surface disinfection?","authors":"Nur Shazlin Shek Daud,&nbsp;Mark Dunn,&nbsp;Olga Lucia Moncayo-Nieto,&nbsp;Alasdair Hay","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chlorine-based disinfectants, such as bleach, are commonly used for cleaning in healthcare settings to prevent the transmission of nosocomial pathogens. To enhance the efficacy of disinfection, ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light systems have been proposed to supplement standard cleaning procedures. As bleach decomposes in UV light, we hypothesised that the use of UV-C light as an adjunct to manual cleaning with bleach, may decrease the efficacy of disinfection instead.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In the laboratory, stainless steel sheets and plastic keyboards were inoculated with <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (∼10⁶ CFU/ml) and subjected to treatment with either UV-C light only, bleach only or a combination of UV-C light and bleach. The residual bioburden (CFU/ml) was quantified through conventional microbiological techniques. Results were compared to non-exposed control surfaces and against each treatment strategy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>On tested surfaces, there were statistically significant reductions in <em>P. aeruginosa</em> when surfaces were treated with UV-C light only (&gt;2.5 log₁₀ reduction), bleach only (&gt;5.6 log₁₀ reduction) and a combination of UV-C light and bleach (&gt;6.3 log₁₀ reduction) compared to positive control (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, all treatment strategies). No significant differences were observed when surfaces were treated with the addition of UV-C light to bleach compared to treatment with bleach alone.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There was no difference in the efficacy of disinfection against <em>P. aeruginosa</em> with the combined treatment strategy of UV-C light and bleach compared to bleach alone under laboratory conditions. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the effectiveness of this technology on other healthcare-associated pathogens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000409/pdfft?md5=8b0611e0d8c892d8d41b59870f441dba&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000409-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135298291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance as a super wicked problem: how do we engage the public to be part of the solution","authors":"Helen Rickard ,&nbsp;Sam Watkin ,&nbsp;Nicola Baldwin ,&nbsp;Anthony De Souza ,&nbsp;Lena Ciric ,&nbsp;Elaine Cloutman-Green","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now regarded as one of the greatest global challenges of the 21^st century. The complexity, urgent timeframe, and lack of clear solution to AMR have contributed to its classification as a ‘super wicked problem’. Yet knowledge surveys of the general public have found that they still harbour numerous misconceptions linked to both the sources and impact of AMR. This confusion is compounded by AMR being a One Health issue, and therefore a factor in not just human health but in other industries, such as farming. This can further inhibit understanding and knowledge transfer around AMR for those without a prior knowledge base.</p><p>In order to address the escalating risk that AMR presents, however, it is essential to address this knowledge gap and engage with the public to support wide scale changes in behaviour and consumer choice. The WHO now requires national action plans tackling AMR to include patient and public involvement/engagement (PPI/E) to support changing the trajectory of AMR. Despite this, little detail is available as part of strategic plans on how PPI/E should be undertaken in order to aid implementation. This paper discusses a number of approaches to support the design and delivery of PPI/E in relation to AMR, including the different social behaviour models underlying successful PPI/E strategies, and key considerations linked to specific activity types. The framework produced includes features for steps from initial planning and design through to evaluation. The aim is to help improve the ability of scientists and healthcare professionals to produce high quality AMR PPI/E.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000471/pdfft?md5=84fdb9392578f0836a4c5f868200aee3&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000471-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135765410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Author Comments on “Clinical, microbiological characteristics and predictors of mortality in patients with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales blood stream infections”","authors":"Vanesa Anton-Vazquez ,&nbsp;Terry John Evans ,&nbsp;Samitha Fernando ,&nbsp;Donald Somasunderam ,&nbsp;Kate David ,&nbsp;Mark Melzer ,&nbsp;Lois Hawkins ,&nbsp;Stephen Morris-Jones ,&nbsp;Mauricio Arias ,&nbsp;Borana Drazho ,&nbsp;Martino Dall’Antonia ,&nbsp;Timothy Planche","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000604/pdfft?md5=898866769796485a253e63b6bb435ab9&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000604-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of BAME patients with a history of penicillin allergy: barriers to best practice and strategies to overcome these","authors":"Rashmeet Bhogal ,&nbsp;Neil Powell ,&nbsp;Shuayb Elkhalifa","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000525/pdfft?md5=d2e747c925e8fbe1869ded0a2c788d28&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000525-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135764099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of implementing antimicrobial stewardship tools in Low to Middle Income Countries (LMICs)","authors":"Nour Shamas ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Stokle ,&nbsp;Diane Ashiru-Oredope ,&nbsp;Evelyn Wesangula","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000483/pdfft?md5=5d35b54398bc40ffe18f1647c7fe7f0a&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000483-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135765401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follow up to ‘Clinical, microbiological characteristics and predictors of mortality in patients with carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales bloodstream infections: a multicentre study’","authors":"Manjula Meda ,&nbsp;Michael Collins ,&nbsp;Michael Weinbren","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000574/pdfft?md5=0fea0fb00179a5078a36cea292ca5b3d&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000574-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135615393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clean Hospitals Day 2023 marks the global launch of a self-assessment tool","authors":"Alexandra Peters ,&nbsp;Pierre Parneix ,&nbsp;Didier Pittet ,&nbsp;Clean Hospitals","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000367/pdfft?md5=7b820f03055c58a34b8d16f135190c03&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000367-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot validation of central line-associated bloodstream infection data in a voluntary surveillance system in Taiwan between October and December 2021","authors":"Hao-Hsin Wu ,&nbsp;Shu-Ling Chang ,&nbsp;Chiu-Hsia Su ,&nbsp;Shu-Hui Tseng ,&nbsp;Li-Jung Chien","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance data are voluntarily submitted to the Taiwan Healthcare-associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (THAS) System. Validation of the CLABSI data is important to ensure the quality of surveillance data. We aimed to validate the CLABSI surveillance data reported to the THAS system.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was a retrospective medical record review of patients with positive blood cultures admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) of 13 participating hospitals between October and December 2021. An external validation team was convened to perform the validation process according to the standardised protocol and to record the reasons for misclassification.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>During the study period, 688 patients with 1,238 positive blood cultures from 59 ICUs at 13 hospitals were evaluated. Among the 185 potential CLABSI events which met the THAS definition by either the external reviewers or the hospital reviewers, 24 (13.0%) events were identified by only the external reviewers, and six (3.2%) were identified by only the hospital reviewers, with an agreement rate of 83.8%. Using external reviewers as the gold standard, the pooled mean sensitivity and positive predictive value of CLABSI reporting were 86.6% (155/179) and 96.3% (155/161), respectively. Among the 37 misclassification episodes, missed case findings were the most common reason for misclassification (<em>N=</em>16, 43.2%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The CLABSI data reported to the THAS system are generally reliable. This study showed the need for ongoing validation processes and quality improvement to maintain the accuracy and validity of the surveillance data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000598/pdfft?md5=c8ba42bb6c4c6ee253cbfe653ddf6920&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000598-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135614572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the dynamics of hospital COVID-19 contacts and subsequent conversion to SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multi-centre retrospective cohort study","authors":"Nneoma Okeke ,&nbsp;Luke B. Snell ,&nbsp;Balram Rathish ,&nbsp;Amal Hussein ,&nbsp;William Newsholme ,&nbsp;Damien Mack ,&nbsp;Aodhan Breathnach ,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Otter","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated the dynamics of COVID-19 contacts subsequent conversion to SARS-CoV-2 infection in an inpatient setting across three National Health Service (NHS) Trusts. 9.2% (476/5,156) COVID-19 contacts met inclusion criteria, were typable and tested positive for COVID-19. There was no significant difference between Omicron and non-Omicron contacts overall conversion proportions. Omicron contacts converted faster than non-Omicron contacts (median 3 days vs 4 days, <em>P</em>=0.03), and had significantly greater proportions of early conversions at day 3, 5, and 7 timepoints.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000586/pdfft?md5=53c2a97ce5d0d78e82bdd0dee09f4496&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000586-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135615615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}