Infection Prevention in Practice最新文献

{"title":"Diphtheria outbreak in Nigeria: what we know now","authors":"Daniel Danladi Gaiya , Paul Chijioke Ozioko , Moses Edache Entonu , Chioma U. Umeasiegbu","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100345","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259008892400009X/pdfft?md5=a1ddfd694df780c093fe9f8a16746b0d&pid=1-s2.0-S259008892400009X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139733177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological differences, clinical aspects, and short-term prognosis of patients with healthcare-associated and community-acquired infective endocarditis","authors":"Juliana Barros Becker ,&nbsp;Valdir Ambrósio Moisés ,&nbsp;María Dolores Guerra-Martín ,&nbsp;Dulce Aparecida Barbosa","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The prevalence of healthcare-associated infective endocarditis in Brazil is poorly known.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To analyze the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics, and the prognosis of healthcare-associated infective endocarditis (HAIE) compared with community-acquired infective endocarditis (CIE) and identify the associated factors with hospital mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A historical cohort study was carried out, with a data collection period from January 2009 to December 2019 at the <em>Federal University of São Paulo</em>. Data were collected from medical records of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) hospitalized during the study period. Patients were classified into three groups: CIE, non-nosocomial HAIE (NN-HAIE) and nosocomial HAIE (NHAIE).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 204 patients with IE were included; of these, 127 (62.3%) were cases of HAIE, of which 83 (40.7%) were NN-HAIE and 44 (21.6%) were NHAIE. <em>Staphylococcus spp.</em> Were the main causative agents, especially in HAIE groups (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001). <em>Streptococcus spp.</em> were more prevalent in the CIE group (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001). In-hospital mortality was 44.6%, with no differences between groups. Independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality were age ≥ 60 years (<em>odds ratio</em> (OR): 6.742), septic shock (OR 5.264), stroke (OR 3.576), heart failure (OR 7.296), and Intensive Care Unit admission (OR 7.768).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>HAIE accounted for most cases in this cohort, with a higher prevalence of non-nosocomial infections. <em>Staphylococcus spp.</em> were the main causative agents. Hospital mortality was high, 44.6%, with no difference between groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000076/pdfft?md5=afd81b9a81d795ef689f4910ed61c5d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000076-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139718423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators to infection prevention practices in home healthcare: a scoping review and proposed implementation framework","authors":"Lisa Brockhaus,&nbsp;Nikita Sass,&nbsp;Niklaus D. Labhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infection prevention and control (IPC) research has focused on the hospital setting, neglecting the rapidly expanding home healthcare (HHC) sector. Current infection prevention recommendations do not reflect the challenges specific to the HHC setting.</p><p>This scoping review considered any original studies reporting on barriers or facilitators to infection prevention practices in the context of HHC. Study characteristics were mapped, and a descriptive content analysis was performed. Based on the findings we propose a framework of eight HHC setting characteristics relevant to infection prevention implementation.</p><p>33 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. A majority of studies addressed sharps injury or blood and body fluid exposure prevention (<em>N</em>=15) and the majority were conducted in the United States (<em>N</em>=23). Study methodologies employed were surveys (<em>N</em>=18), qualitative (<em>N</em>=11), direct observation (<em>N</em>=7), and one interventional study. The HHC setting characteristics relevant to infection prevention implementation were: the care process in the patient's immediate environment; the need to bring equipment and materials into the home; the provision and financing of equipment and materials; the use of patient space and facilities; the unique position of and the expectations towards HHC providers; working alone with little support; the intermittent nature of care; the attitudes of HHC providers formed by their work circumstances.</p><p>Interventional studies generating higher-quality evidence for implementation are lacking. Furthermore, implementation of aseptic technique and the decontamination and reprocessing of equipment are poorly studied in the HHC setting and deserve more research interest. The proposed framework may guide future research and implementation work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000064/pdfft?md5=27c0e772c26ad90630a848fcd3d6d70d&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000064-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139709161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of in-hospital mortality in elderly unvaccinated patients during SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variants epidemic","authors":"Zenya Saito ,&nbsp;Shota Uchiyama ,&nbsp;Saiko Nishioka ,&nbsp;Kentaro Tamura ,&nbsp;Nobumasa Tamura ,&nbsp;Kazuyoshi Kuwano","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has caused a global pandemic. This study aimed to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality in unvaccinated elderly patients with COVID-19 by comparing various predictive factors between the survivors and non-survivors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We retrospectively selected 132 unvaccinated patients aged over 65 years with COVID-19 at a hospital in Kanagawa, Japan, during SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variants epidemic. We compared the clinical characteristics, laboratory and radiological findings, treatment, and complications of the survivors and non-survivors. In logistic regression analysis, variables that were significant in the univariate analysis were subjected to multivariate analysis using the variable increase method.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 119 and 13 patients in the survivor and non-survivor groups, respectively. Multivariate regression revealed increasing odds with the presence of ARDS and DIC (odd ratio (OR) = 16.35, 34.36; <em>P=</em>0.002, 0.001, respectively) and prolonged hospital stay (OR = 1.17; <em>P=</em>0.004).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We found the complications of ARDS and DIC and hospital length of stay to be independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in elderly unvaccinated patients with COVID-19. Establishing treatments and prevention methods for ARDS and DIC could result in lower mortality rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000052/pdfft?md5=cc4fb041f0da1466ab88ecef4bc68de6&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000052-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139631331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faecal microbiota transplantation for multidrug-resistant organism decolonization in spinal cord injury patients: a case series","authors":"Jiri Kriz ,&nbsp;Veronika Hysperska ,&nbsp;Eliska Bebrova ,&nbsp;Marketa Roznetinska","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The increase of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in healthcare settings is a worldwide concern. Isolation precautions must be implemented to control the significant risk of transmitting these pathogens among patients. Antibiotic decolonization is not recommended because of the threat of increasing antibiotic resistance. However, restoring gut microflora through faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a hopeful solution.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and method</h3><p>In 2019–2022, FMT was indicated in seven patients of the Spinal Cord Unit at University Hospital Motol who were colonized with MDR bacterial strains. Five patients tested positive for carriage of carbapenemase-producing <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em>, and two were carriers of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Isolation measures were implemented in all patients. Donor faeces were obtained from healthy, young, screened volunteers. According to local protocol, 200–300 ml of suspension was applied through a nasoduodenal tube.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age of the patients was 43 years. The mean length of previous hospital stay was 93.2 days. All patients were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for infectious complications before detecting colonisation with MDR bacteria. MDR organism decolonization was achieved in five patients, and consequently, isolation measures could be removed. Colonization persisted in two patients, one of whom remained colonized even after a third FMT. No adverse events were reported after FMT.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>FMT is a safe and effective strategy to eradicate MDR bacteria, even in spinal cord injured patients. FMT can allow relaxation of isolation facilitates, the participation of patients in a complete rehabilitation program, their social integration, and transfer to follow-up rehabilitation centres.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000040/pdfft?md5=228b9d63861dc0fb3886b7f3366e566c&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000040-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139635446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods for SARS-CoV-2 hospital disinfection, in vitro observations","authors":"Dora E. Corzo-Leon ,&nbsp;Hadeel Mohammed Abbood ,&nbsp;Rosa A. Colamarino ,&nbsp;Markus F.C. Steiner ,&nbsp;Carol Munro ,&nbsp;Ian M. Gould ,&nbsp;Karolin Hijazi","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Escalation of chemical disinfection during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised occupational hazard concerns. Alternative and potentially safer methods such as ultraviolet-C (UVC) irradiation and ozone have been proposed, notwithstanding the lack of standardized criteria for their use in the healthcare environment.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Compare the virucidal activity of 70% ethanol, sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC), chlorhexidine, ozonated water, UVC-222 nm, UVC-254 nm against three SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern cultured <em>in vitro</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Inactivation of three SARS-CoV-2 variants (alpha, beta, gamma) by the following chemical methods was tested: ethanol 70%, NaDCC (100 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm), chlorhexidine (2%, 1% and 0.5%), ozonated water 7 ppm. For irradiation, a je2Care 222nm UVC Lamp was compared to a Sylvania G15 UV254 nm lamp.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Viral inactivation by &gt;3 log was achieved with ethanol, NaDCC and chlorhexidine. The minor virucidal effect of ozonated water was &lt;1 log. Virus treatment with UVC-254 nm reduced viral activity by 1–5 logs with higher inactivation after exposure for 3 minutes compared to 6 seconds. For all three variants, under equivalent conditions, exposure to UVC-222 nm did not achieve time-dependent inactivation as was observed with treatment with UVC-254 nm.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The virucidal activity on replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 by conventional chemical methods, including chlorhexidine at concentrations as low as 0.5%, was not matched by UVC irradiation, and to an even lesser extent by ozonated water treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000039/pdfft?md5=1ea058ce00977f63f2f5aa090475c0c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000039-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139538672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the interquartile range in infection prevention and control research","authors":"Cynthia P. Haanappel,&nbsp;Anne F. Voor in ‘t holt","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000015/pdfft?md5=617a354114a5edbaf838fcfbaf531afb&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139457248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two versus three doses of COVID-19 vaccine and post-vaccination COVID-19 infection in hemodialysis patients","authors":"Laila A. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Hayam H. Mansour ,&nbsp;Salwa I. Elshennawy ,&nbsp;Marwa A.A. Ramadan ,&nbsp;Mohamed A.M. Kamal ,&nbsp;Soso S. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Omaima Mohamed Ali ,&nbsp;Amal H. Ibrhim","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><p>Patients with chronic kidney disease including those undergoing hemodialysis (HD) constitute a particularly challenging group regarding COVID-19 vaccination. The present study aimed to compare the rate of reinfection after two and three doses of Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine in HD patients.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>The study included 80 HD patients who received three doses of Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine. In addition, there were another 80 patients who received only two doses of the vaccine. Patients in the latter group were selected based on propensity matching score with 1:1 ratio. Patients were monitored for post-vaccination COVID-19 infection using PCR examination of nasopharyngeal swabs. Patients were also monitored for post-vaccination complications including general complaints (headache, fever, fatigue), injection site complaints (arm pain, swelling, itching, rash), musculoskeletal complaints (muscle spasm or pain, joint pain) and others. All patients were followed for six months.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The present study included 80 patients submitted to COVID-19 vaccination with two doses of Sinopharm vaccine (GI) and other 80 patients who received three doses of the same vaccine (GII). At the end of follow up, 11 patients (13.8 %) in GI caught COVID-19 infection. In contrast, no patient in GII had infection (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001). Comparison between patients who had COVID-19 infection and those without infection revealed that the former subgroup had significantly lower BMI (23.3 ± 2.3 versus 27.5 ± 8.1 Kg/m²), higher frequency of associated Hepatitis C (HCV) infection (54.6 % versus 2.9 %, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001) and higher serum ferritin levels [median (IQR): 1101.0 (836.0–1564.0) versus 675.0 (467.0–767.7) ng/mL, <em>P</em>=0.01]. Binary logistic regression analysis identified high serum ferritin levels [OR (95% CI): 0.014 (0.001–0.15), <em>P</em>&lt;0.001] and associated HCV infection [OR (95% CI): 0.99 (0.98–1.01), <em>P</em>=0.02] as significant predictors of post-vaccination COVID-19 infection in multivariate analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A three dose regime of Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine associated with significantly lower rate of reinfection COVID-19 infection in HD patients. Infected patients had significantly lower BMI, higher frequency of HCV and higher ferritin levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088924000027/pdfft?md5=96ab4ad641406aa02c1464b7728e9189&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088924000027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of two sequential SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks on a haematology-oncology ward and the role of infection prevention","authors":"W.C. van der Zwet ,&nbsp;E.A. Klomp-Berens ,&nbsp;A.M.P. Demandt ,&nbsp;J. Dingemans ,&nbsp;B.M.J.W. van der Veer ,&nbsp;L.B. van Alphen ,&nbsp;J.A.M.C. Dirks ,&nbsp;P.H.M. Savelkoul","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial outbreaks occurred on the haematology ward of our hospital. Patients on the ward were at high risk for severe infection because of their immunocompromised status. Whole Genome Sequencing proved transmission of a particular SARS-CoV-2 variant in each outbreak. The first outbreak (20 patients/31 healthcare workers (HCW)) occurred in November 2020 and was caused by a variant belonging to lineage B.1.221. At that time, there were still uncertainties on mode of transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and vaccines nor therapy were available. Despite HCW wearing II-R masks in all patient contacts and FFP-2 masks during aerosol generating procedures (AGP), the outbreak continued. Therefore, extra measures were introduced. Firstly, regular PCR-screening of asymptomatic patients and HCW; positive patients were isolated and positive HCW were excluded from work as a rule and they were only allowed to resume their work if a follow-up PCR CT-value was ≥30 and were asymptomatic or having only mild symptoms. Secondly, the use of FFP-2 masks was expanded to some long-lasting, close-contact, non-AGPs. After implementing these measures, the incidence of new cases declined gradually. Thirty-seven percent of patients died due to COVID-19.</p><p>The second outbreak (10 patients/2 HCW) was caused by the highly transmissible omicron BA.1 variant and occurred in February 2022, where transmission occurred on shared rooms despite the extra infection control measures. It was controlled much faster, and the clinical impact was low as the majority of patients was vaccinated; no patients died and symptoms were relatively mild in both patients and HCW.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000689/pdfft?md5=7466038e7cf7e8b5c8784978f19b7496&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000689-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating ethanol concentrations against Staphylococcus spp: a proposal for improving nosocomial bacteria control","authors":"Ferda Soyer ,&nbsp;Ozgun Oyku Ozdemir ,&nbsp;Bengi Polat ,&nbsp;Nil Hazal Ekenel","doi":"10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2023.100336","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33492,"journal":{"name":"Infection Prevention in Practice","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590088923000690/pdfft?md5=0fb0f10b6d375400ca5f44f3187d30f8&pid=1-s2.0-S2590088923000690-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139100598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}