International Journal of Biological Macromolecules最新文献

{"title":"miR-218a-5p derived from neural stem cell-exosomes inhibits ferroptosis in spinal cord injury through the Bmil/Mettl3/Alox12 axis","authors":"Zehua Zou,&nbsp;Xuefeng Yang,&nbsp;Gang An,&nbsp;Zuowei Shi,&nbsp;Kaifu Wang,&nbsp;Changcheng You","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.147981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.147981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ferroptosis is a pivotal pathogenic mechanism in spinal cord injury (SCI) for which effective therapeutic strategies are lacking. Neural stem cell-derived exosomes (NSC-exos) mitigate apoptosis and inflammation after SCI, but their role in ferroptosis remains unclear. This study explored how NSC-exos regulate ferroptosis using rat SCI and H₂O₂-induced PC12 cell injury models. NSCs were extracted, and NSC-exos were isolated/identified. RT-qPCR, Western blot, and functional assays (e.g., cell apoptosis, LDH, MDA, ROS, mitochondrial function) evaluated ferroptosis markers. Rat motor function and neuronal survival were assessed, and molecular assays including knockdown, overexpression, and rescue experiments tested interactions among <em>miR-218a-5p</em>, <em>Bmi1</em>, <em>Mettl3</em>, and <em>Alox12</em>. Results showed NSC-exos reduced H₂O₂-induced PC12 cell injury and oxidative stress. NSC-exos-derived <em>miR-218a-5p</em> inhibited ferroptosis by targeting <em>Bmi1</em>, promoting Mettl3 ubiquitination/degradation. Reduced Mettl3 decreased <em>Alox12</em> mRNA m⁶A methylation (via YTHDF2), suppressing Alox12 protein expression. Critically, overexpression of <em>Bmi1</em> or <em>Alox12</em> partially reversed the anti-ferroptotic effects of <em>miR-218a-5p</em> mimic or NSC-exos, supporting a linear causal pathway. Thus, NSC-exos <em>miR-218a-5p</em> degrades Mettl3 via Bmi1 to downregulate Alox12, inhibiting ferroptosis and alleviating SCI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 147981"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving temperature and salt resistance of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide by synergism with amphiphilic tunicate cellulose nanocrystals for enhanced oil recovery","authors":"Hongtian Yan ,&nbsp;Yanyan Niu ,&nbsp;Yifei Zhu ,&nbsp;Xin Fu ,&nbsp;Fanjun Meng ,&nbsp;Qinglin Ma ,&nbsp;Yuju Che","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving the temperature and salt resistance of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is crucial for its effective application in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Due to the abundance, nanoscale, high oil-water interfacial adsorption efficiency of nanocellulose, it has attracted significant attention in EOR applications. In this study, a new kind of surface-functionalized amphiphilic tunicate cellulose nanocrystals (TCNCs-M2) was successfully prepared by sulfonate and alkylated modification, which was synergistically used with HPAM to formulate a hybrid flooding system (0.2 wt% HPAM +0.1 wt% TCNCs-M2). Benefiting from the structure of TCNCs-M2, the hybrid system exhibited stronger performance of thickening ability (viscosity increased by 48.94 % at 65 °C in brine with salinity 8044 mg.L⁻¹), temperature resistance (25–90 °C), salt tolerance (salinity 8044 mg.L⁻¹), viscoelasticity and aging stability compared to that of HPAM solution. These enhancements were attributed to the hydrophobic association in addition to strong hydrogen bonding and electrostatic repulsion in the hybrid system. Furthermore, the hybrid system exhibited a higher oil recovery factor (22.8 %) than HPAM solution (16.4 %). These results indicate that the newly formulated amphiphilic nanocellulose/HPAM hybrid system could be an effective oil-displacing agent for harsh condition reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 148131"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NONO and LncRNA NEAT1 orchestrate embryo implantation by paraspeckle-dependent CDC42SE1 mRNA nuclear retention.","authors":"Shuntao Huang, Tao Su, Jiali Zhu, Long Zhang, Changfan Zhou, Shuailong Zheng, Bin Hou, Xiaobin Sun, Xinyu Li, Zulfiqar Ahmed, Lenox Pius, Min Liu, Dequan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The successful implantation of an embryo depends on the endometrium's ability to be receptive. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms involved in the formation of endometrial receptivity remain poorly understood. In this study, we discovered the mRNA NONO and lncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) using RNA sequencing, which are highly expressed in Meishan (MS) pig endometrium on day 18 of pregnancy. The binding of NEAT1 with proteins such as NONO forms the paraspeckles. Functional assays showed that knockdown of the paraspeckle protein NONO inhibited the proliferation, migration, and adhesion of endometrial epithelial cells (EECs). Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) results showed that silencing the paraspeckle scaffold NEAT1 altered the expression levels of numerous genes, particularly CDC42SE1 expression. Mechanistically, NEAT1 retained CDC42SE1 mRNA within the nucleus through paraspeckle and inhibited its exonuclear translation. CDC42SE1 suppresses activation of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Protein Kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway via interacting with GNG2 and CDC42. In vivo assays demonstrated that LV-sh-NONO injection significantly impeded embryo implantation. These findings suggest that NONO and lncRNA NEAT1 play a regulatory role in embryo implantation through paraspeckle-mediated nuclear retention of CDC42SE1, and provide a new potential target for reducing pig embryo loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"148231"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of starch-based polyether non-isocyanate polyurethane with excellent mechanical and foaming properties","authors":"Bin Chen ,&nbsp;Chenxi Wang ,&nbsp;Long Zhang ,&nbsp;Chengqian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) represents a novel class of polymers synthesized via an environmentally friendly process without toxic phosgene and isocyanates. Herein, starch-based polyether non-isocyanate polyurethane with excellent mechanical and foaming properties was prepared. First, a carbamate diol was synthesized via a direct reaction between biomass-derived decanediamine and propylene carbonate without the use of catalysts. Then, the target product was obtained by reacting a carbamate diol with bio-derived liquefied starch polyether polyols. The chemical properties of the product structure were determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectroscopy. The thermal stability, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity and degradability of the material were systematically evaluated. The average molecular weight of the optimized products is 26,000 g·mol⁻¹, the initial decomposition temperature is above 280 °C, and the tensile strength is 15.17 MPa. This polymer features a low water absorption rate (4.24 wt% at equilibrium) and high enzymatic degradability (61.2 % mass loss after 7 days in amylase solution). In addition, the foam derived from NIPU has low thermal conductivity and adjustable compression performance, indicating potential applications in insulation. This study presents a viable strategy for the production of high-performance and biodegradable NIPU utilizing renewable resources, contributing to the advancement of green polymer chemistry and sustainable materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 148147"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on multi-crystallization morphologies and electromagnetic shielding properties of poly(lactic acid)-based composites in salt spray aging: Effects of poly(butylene succinate) interface modifier","authors":"Lei Wu ,&nbsp;Shikui Jia ,&nbsp;Yan Zhu ,&nbsp;Zongying Yan ,&nbsp;Shihao Wang ,&nbsp;Wenwen Wang ,&nbsp;Yaoyao Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polylactic acid (PLA) and its stereocomplex (sc-PLA) have been applied into 3D printing, food packaging and tissue engineering etc., owing to its good biodegradability and mechanical strength. However, the intrinsic brittleness for PLA specimen inevitably leads to molding difficulties. To achieve easy demolding process and solvent-free molding for the PLA-based composites, an entirely solvent-free powder metallurgy coupled with the annealing strategy was firstly employed in the study. Subsequently, the PLA-based composites added with the polybutylene succinate (PBS) to achieve the good interfacial compatibility were exposed in a salt spray chamber at the temperature of 35 °C to reveal the consecutive aging evolution for their crystallization, mechanical and electromagnetic shielding properties. Moreover, according to the different period of salt spray aging, the surface and interface morphologies, multi-crystallization, mechanical and electromagnetic shielding properties for the PLA-based composites were systematically examined. The results showed that ester exchange between the PLA and PBS molecular chains and SC crystals can control hydrolysis rate to efficiently delay the degradation for PLA-based composites. Interestingly, after salt spray aging of 45 days, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMI) of the PLA-based composite within 5 wt% of MXene and 2.5 wt% of CNTs can generate a slightly enhancement compared with the composite unaged, suggesting that the reorganization of the conductive network along interfaces and grain boundaries via sodium and chloride ions. Thus, the synergistic effect of entirely solvent-free powder metallurgy method and interface modifier will be a novel and feasible reference solution for the demolding challenges associated with PLA. Furtherly, the study also provides an experimental and theoretical basis for understanding the “Performance window engineering” of PLA material in salt spray harsh environments during long period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 148152"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and characterization of astaxanthin-loaded nanoprobiotic and its role in alleviating hyperuricemia via the regulation of the gut-kidney axis","authors":"Sirui Ni ,&nbsp;Weiyun Zheng ,&nbsp;Yaxin Hu ,&nbsp;Shugang Li ,&nbsp;Shuang Song ,&nbsp;Chunqing Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hyperuricemia (HUA), a global metabolic disorder, is primarily managed through conventional pharmacotherapy. Many bioactive substances, e.g. astaxanthin (ATX) and probiotics, have great potential in ameliorating HUA, but their applications face some challenges, such as loss of activity. In this study, ATX-loaded nanoparticle was adsorbed onto the surface of tannic acid-Fe³⁺-coated <em>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em> (LGG), followed by hyaluronic acid coating to obtain a nanoprobiotic system, LGG@MNH. In vivo and in vitro models demonstrated that LGG@MNH exhibited enhanced stability under various adverse conditions and improved adhesion characteristics in the intestine. Mice experiment revealed that LGG@MNH alleviated HUA symptoms and inflammatory responses in the kidneys. LGG@MNH increased gut microbiota diversity, beneficial bacterial populations, and short-chain fatty acid levels, thereby protecting the intestinal barrier function. These alterations ameliorated HUA-induced abnormalities in serum metabolite profiles, particularly amino acid, pyrimidine, and purine metabolism, which are closely associated with the kidney health. Furthermore, LGG@MNH regulated the expression of genes related to uric acid (UA) reabsorption and excretion in the kidney and intestine, thereby reducing serum UA levels. This study suggests that LGG@MNH holds superior potential for managing HUA and may serve as a promising strategy for its long-term treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 148077"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPINT2 inhibits NEDD4L-mediated ACSL4 ubiquitination to promote ferroptosis and suppress gallbladder cancer progression","authors":"Peng Ye ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Yang ,&nbsp;Haodong Wang ,&nbsp;Yifan Ren ,&nbsp;Ming Gao ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Yarong Guo ,&nbsp;Yuqing Sun ,&nbsp;Jun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly aggressive malignancy characterized by poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options, largely due to late-stage diagnosis and a lack of defined molecular targets. This is the first study to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which SPINT2 governs GBC progression through regulation of ferroptosis, linking it to ACSL4 stability and tumor suppression. Although SPINT2 has been implicated as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancer types, its biological function and mechanistic role in GBC have remained elusive. In this study, we identify SPINT2 as a key regulator of ferroptosis in GBC. Functional assays demonstrated that SPINT2 suppresses tumor cell proliferation in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Metabolomic profiling revealed that SPINT2 deficiency alters lipid metabolism and reduces susceptibility to ferroptosis. Mechanistically, SPINT2 interacts with ACSL4 and prevents its ubiquitination by the E3 ligase NEDD4L, thereby stabilizing ACSL4 protein and promoting ferroptotic cell death. Clinically, low SPINT2 expression was significantly associated with poor differentiation, advanced tumor stage, and worse overall survival. Collectively, these findings position SPINT2 as a pivotal modulator of the ferroptotic pathway in GBC and highlight its translational promise as both a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic entry point for ferroptosis-based interventions in GBC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 148141"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clean water future: The role of chitosan hydrogel nanocomposites in wastewater management.","authors":"Ankit Verma, Basant Lal, Karthikeyan Ravi, Suman, M Ramya, Sandeep Sharma, Rohit Jasrotia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chitosan-based hydrogel nanocomposites have appeared as advanced materials for the treatment of wastewater and offering high adsorption efficacy, structural flexibility and environmental safety. This review offers a thorough explanation on the synthesis of chitosan via chemical, enzymatic and fermentation methods, as well as its structural characteristics. The incorporation of nanomaterials like carbon-based substances, clays and metal oxides significantly improves the adsorption tendency and reusability of hydrogels and making them perfect for wastewater treatment. Additionally, biodegradability and recyclability of these materials further enhance their sustainability. The review also explores adsorption mechanisms, factors influencing adsorption behavior and characterization techniques for evaluating hydrogel nanocomposites. Lastly, important issues and potential directions for future study are discussed to pave the way for improved and large-scale environmental applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"148213"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water-soluble Poria cocos polysaccharide improves alcoholic liver disease via modulation of gut microbiota-mediated intestinal bile acids-farnesoid X receptor.","authors":"Jiajing Huang, Luzhe Yu, Chen Zhang, Yue Fang, Xinyue Zhou, Rulin Wang, Lihua Xing, Lei Wang, Nianjun Yu, Daiyin Peng, Weidong Chen, Yue Zhang, Yanyan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which water-soluble Poria cocos polysaccharide (PCP) ameliorates ALD through modulation of the gut microbiota. PCP administration alleviated hepatic injury, reduced lipid accumulation, and attenuated inflammation in ALD mice. It also enhanced intestinal barrier integrity, as indicated by upregulation of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1) and reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Additionally, PCP treatment remodeled the gut microbiota profile, characterized by a marked enrichment of Parabacteroides distasonis, which is associated with bile acid metabolism. Targeted metabolomics revealed PCP increased intestinal chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and cholic acid (CA) levels, activating the intestinal farnesoid X receptor/fibroblast growth factor 15 (FXR/FGF15) axis while suppressing hepatic Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), ultimately reducing systemic bile acids. Fecal microbiota transplantation confirmed gut microbiota-mediated protection, while intestinal FXR inhibition with glycine-β-muricholic acid (Gly-β-MCA) abolished PCP's therapeutic effects. These findings reveal that PCP ameliorates ALD by regulating the gut microbiota-bile acid-FXR axis, PCP as a promising natural therapeutic for ALD.</p>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"148202"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The enhancement of freeze-thaw stability for wheat starch: A comparative study of inulin with different degrees of polymerization.","authors":"Meifang Zhong, Chenhui Ni, Naixia Gong, Xiantong Wu, Yixuan Wu, Mingchun Du, Zebin Guo, Kaibo Deng, Xu Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.148155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of inulins (16 % w/w) with varying degrees of polymerization (DP) on the multi-scale structure and properties of wheat starch subjected to multiple freeze-thaw (FT) cycles were investigated. All three inulins mitigated mechanical damage to the starch granules caused by repeated FT cycles. The swelling and retrogradation of freeze-thaw treated starch (FTS) were effectively inhibited, whereas the shear resistance and degree of structural recovery (DSR) of the starch paste were enhanced. Specifically, inulins with moderate or low DP primarily competed with wheat starch for water via hydrogen bonding. High-degree polymerization inulin (HPI) exhibited the greatest retrogradation inhibition effect by forming a network structure to weaken the inter-double helices hydrogen bond and inhibit the formation of crystalline regions. These findings provide a theoretical basis for enhancing the application of inulin in frozen wheat starch-based food.</p>","PeriodicalId":333,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological Macromolecules","volume":" ","pages":"148155"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}