Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"An upstream signaling gene calmodulin regulates the synthesis of insect wax via activating fatty acid biosynthesis pathway","authors":"Min Li ,&nbsp;Shuo Yan ,&nbsp;Xinying Feng,&nbsp;Qinhong Jiang,&nbsp;Mei Guan,&nbsp;Jie Shen,&nbsp;Zhiqi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insect wax accumulates on the surface of insect cuticle, which acts as an important protective barrier against rain, ultraviolet light radiation, pathogens, etc. The waxing behavior, wax composition and molecular mechanism underling wax biosynthesis are unclear in dustywings. Herein, the current study determined the vital developmental stage for waxing behavior in dustywings, examined the components of waxy secretions, and identified key regulatory genes for wax biosynthesis. The wax glands were mainly located on the thorax and abdomen of dustywing adults. The adults spread the waxy secretions over their entire body surface. The metabolomics analysis identified 32 lipids and lipid-like molecules, 15 organic acids and derivatives, 7 benzenoids, etc. as the main components of waxy secretions. The fatty acids represented the largest proportion of the category of lipid and lipid-like molecules. The conjoint analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics identified two crucial genes <em>fatty acyl-CoA reductase</em> (<em>CsFAR</em>) and <em>calmodulin</em> (<em>CsCaM</em>) for wax biosynthesis. The down-regulation of these genes via nanocarrier-mediated RNA interference technology significantly reduced the amount of wax particles. Notably, the RNAi of <em>CsCaM</em> apparently suppressed the expression of most genes in fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, indicating the <em>CsCaM</em> might act as a main upstream regulator of fatty acid biosynthesis pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 104126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140650151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel target-site mutation (H146Q) outside the ubiquinone binding site of succinate dehydrogenase confers high levels of resistance to cyflumetofen and pyflubumide in Tetranychus urticae","authors":"Emre İnak ,&nbsp;Sander De Rouck ,&nbsp;Berke Demirci ,&nbsp;Wannes Dermauw ,&nbsp;Sven Geibel ,&nbsp;Thomas Van Leeuwen","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mitochondrial electron transfer inhibitors at complex II (METI-II), also referred to as succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI), represent a recently developed class of acaricides encompassing cyflumetofen, cyenopyrafen, pyflubumide and cyetpyrafen. Despite their novelty, resistance has already developed in the target pest, <em>Tetranychus urticae</em>. In this study a new mutation, H146Q in a highly conserved region of subunit B of complex II, was identified in a <em>T. urticae</em> population resistant to all METI-IIs. In contrast to previously described mutations, H146Q is located outside the ubiquinone binding site of complex II. Marker-assisted backcrossing of this mutation in a susceptible genetic background validated its association with resistance to cyflumetofen and pyflubumide, but not cyenopyrafen or cyetpyrafen. Biochemical assays and the construction of inhibition curves with isolated mitochondria corroborated this selectivity. In addition, phenotypic effects of H146Q, together with the previously described H258L, were further examined via CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Although both mutations were successfully introduced into a susceptible <em>T. urticae</em> population, the H146Q gene editing event was only recovered in individuals already harboring the I260V mutation, known to confer resistance towards cyflumetofen. The combination of H146Q + I260V conferred high resistance levels to all METI-II acaricides with LC₅₀ values over 5000 mg a.i./L for cyflumetofen and pyflubumide. Similarly, the introduction of H258L via gene editing resulted in high resistance levels to all tested acaricides, with extreme LC₅₀ values (&gt;5000 mg a.i./L) for cyenopyrafen and cyetpyrafen, but lower resistance levels for pyflubumide and cyflumetofen. Together, these findings indicate that different mutations result in a different cross-resistance spectrum, probably also reflecting subtle differences in the binding mode of complex II acaricides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 104127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140772037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics analysis of larval secretions reveals a caste-driven nutritional shift in a social wasp colony","authors":"Levona Bodner ,&nbsp;Weronika Jasinska ,&nbsp;Sofia Bouchebti ,&nbsp;Inon Scharf ,&nbsp;Yariv Brotman ,&nbsp;Eran Levin","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Social wasps exhibit a unique nutritional cycle in which adults feed larvae with prey, and larvae provide adults with larval secretions (LS). LS serves as a vital nutritional source for adults, contributing to the colony's health and reproductive success. The LS nutrient composition has been previously reported in various wasp species, yet these analyses focused solely on worker-destined larvae, overlooking the potential caste designation effects on LS composition.</p><p>Using metabolomics techniques, we analysed and compared the metabolite and nutrient composition in LS of queen- and worker-destined larvae of the Oriental hornet. We found that queen-destined LS (QLS) contain greater amounts of most metabolites, including amino acids, and smaller amounts of sugars compared to worker-destined LS (WLS). The amino acid-to-sugar ratio in QLS was approximately tenfold higher than in WLS. Thus, as the colony transitions from the production of workers to the production of reproductives, it gradually experiences a nutritional shift that may influence the behaviour and physiology of the adult nest population. This caste-specific metabolite profile and nutrient composition of LS reflect the differences in the diet and physiological requirements of worker- and queen-destined larvae and may play a critical role in caste determination in social wasps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 104128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140756077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BmNPV p35 regulates apoptosis in Bombyx mori via a novel target of interaction with the BmVDAC2-BmRACK1 complex","authors":"Lin-Bao Zhu ,&nbsp;Han-Dan Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhi-Hao Huang ,&nbsp;Hui-Hua Cao ,&nbsp;Sadaf Ayaz ,&nbsp;Jia-Yue Yang ,&nbsp;Xi-Ya Chen ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Shi-Huo Liu ,&nbsp;Jia-Ping Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) is an important channel protein that plays a crucial role in the host response to viral infection. The receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is also a key host factor involved in viral replication. Our previous research revealed that <em>Bombyx mori</em> VDAC2 (BmVDAC2) and <em>B. mori</em> RACK1 (BmRACK1) may interact with Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), though the specific molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the interaction between BmVDAC2 and BmRACK1 in the mitochondria was determined by various methods. We found that BmNPV p35 interacts directly with BmVDAC2 rather than BmRACK1. BmNPV infection significantly reduced the expression of BmVDAC2, and activated the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Overexpression of BmVDAC2 in BmN cells inhibited BmNPV-induced cytochrome <em>c</em> (cyto c) release, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential as well as apoptosis. Additionally, the inhibition of cyto c release by BmVDAC2 requires the involvement of BmRACK1 and protein kinase C. Interestingly, overexpression of p35 inhibited cyto c release during mitochondrial apoptosis in a RACK1 and VDAC2-dependent manner. Even the mutant p35, which loses Caspase inhibitory activity, could still bind to VDAC2 and inhibit cyto c release. In summary, our results indicated that BmNPV p35 interacts with the VDAC2-RACK1 complex to regulate apoptosis by inhibiting cyto c release. These findings confirm the interaction between BmVDAC2 and BmRACK1, the interaction between p35 and the VDAC2-RACK1 complex, and a novel target that BmNPV p35 regulates apoptosis in <em>Bombyx mori</em> via interaction with the BmVDAC2-BmRACK1 complex. The result provide an initial exploration of the function of this interaction in the BmNPV-induced mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 104125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140604369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the genome of bloodsucking midge Forcipomyia taiwana (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae): Insights into odorant receptor expansion","authors":"Ming-Der Lin ,&nbsp;Chia-Hsien Chuang ,&nbsp;Chih-Hsin Kao ,&nbsp;Shu-Hwa Chen ,&nbsp;Szu-Chieh Wang ,&nbsp;Ping-Heng Hsieh ,&nbsp;Guan-Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Chun-Chia Mao ,&nbsp;Jeng-Yi Li ,&nbsp;Mei-Yeh Jade Lu ,&nbsp;Chung-Yen Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biting midges, notably those within the Ceratopogonidae family, have long been recognized for their epidemiological significance, both as nuisances and vectors for disease transmission in vertebrates. Despite their impact, genomic insights into these insects, particularly beyond the <em>Culicoides</em> genus, remain limited. In this study, we assembled the <em>Forcipomyia taiwana</em> (Shiraki) genome, comprising 113 scaffolds covering 130.4 Mbps—with the longest scaffold reaching 7.6 Mbps and an N50 value of 2.6 Mbps—marking a pivotal advancement in understanding the genetic architecture of ceratopogonid biting midges. Phylogenomic analyses reveal a shared ancestry between <em>F. taiwana</em> and <em>Culicoides sonorensis</em> Wirth &amp; Jones, dating back approximately 124 million years, and highlight a dynamic history of gene family expansions and contractions within the Ceratopogonidae family. Notably, a substantial expansion of the <em>odorant receptor</em> (<em>OR</em>) gene family was observed, which is crucial for the chemosensory capabilities that govern biting midges' interactions with their environment, including host seeking and oviposition behaviors. The distribution of <em>OR</em> genes across the <em>F. taiwana</em> genome displays notable clusters on scaffolds, indicating localized tandem gene duplication events. Additionally, several collinear regions were identified, hinting at segmental duplications, inversions, and translocations, contributing to the olfactory system's evolutionary complexity. Among the 156 ORs identified in <em>F. taiwana</em>, 134 are biting midge-specific ORs, distributed across three distinct clades, each exhibiting unique motif features that distinguish them from the others. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we correlated distinct gene modules with sex and reproductive status, laying the groundwork for future investigations into the interplay between gene expression and adaptive behaviors in <em>F. taiwana</em>. In conclusion, our study not only highlights the unique olfactory repertoire of ceratopogonid biting midges but also sets the stage for future studies into the genetic underpinnings of their unique biological traits and ecological strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 104115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the larval precursor configuration of the Drosophila adult hindgut by G-TRACE analysis","authors":"Xubo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Lihua Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Xing ,&nbsp;Zhangwu Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Dong ,&nbsp;Bernard Moussian ,&nbsp;Jianzhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The <em>Drosophila</em> hindgut is a classical model to study organogenesis. The adult hindgut originates from the precursor cells in the larval hindgut. However, the territory of these cells has still not been well determined. A ring of <em>wingless</em> (<em>wg</em>)-expressing cells lies at the anterior zone of both the larval and adult hindgut. The larval Wg ring was thought as a portion of precursor of the adult hindgut. By applying a cell lineage tracing tool (G-TRACE), we demonstrate that larval <em>wg</em>-expressing cells have no cell lineage contribution to the adult hindgut. Additionally, adult Wg ring cells do not divide and move posteriorly to replenish the hindgut tissue. Instead, we determine that the precursors of the adult pylorus and ileum are situated in the <em>cubitus interruptus</em> (<em>ci</em>)-expressing cells in the anterior zone, and deduce that the precursor stem cells of the adult rectum locate in the trunk region of the larval pylorus including <em>hedgehog</em> (<em>hh</em>)-expressing cells. Together, this research advances our understanding of cell lineage origins and the development of the <em>Drosophila</em> hindgut.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 104114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140326160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of immunity-related genes distinctly regulated by Manduca sexta Spӓtzle-1/2 and Escherichia coli peptidoglycan","authors":"Zelong Miao,&nbsp;Chao Xiong,&nbsp;Yang Wang,&nbsp;Tisheng Shan,&nbsp;Haobo Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The immune system of <em>Manduca sexta</em> has been well studied to understand molecular mechanisms of insect antimicrobial responses. While evidence supports the existence of major immune signaling pathways in this species, it is unclear how induced production of defense proteins is specifically regulated by the Toll and Imd pathways. Our previous studies suggested that diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycans (DAP-PG) from Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria, more than Lys-type peptidoglycans (Lys-PG) from other Gram-positive bacteria, triggers both pathways through membrane-bound receptors orthologous to <em>Drosophila</em> Toll and PGRP-LC. In this study, we produced <em>M. sexta</em> proSpätzle-1 and proSpätzle-2 in Sf9 cells, identified their processing enzymes, and used prophenoloxidase activating protease-3 to activate the cytokine precursors. After Spätzle-1 and -2 were isolated from the reaction mixtures, we separately injected the purified cytokines into larval hemocoel to induce gene transcription in fat body through the Toll pathway solely. On the other hand, we treated a <em>M. sexta</em> cell line with <em>E. coli</em> DAP-PG to only induce the Imd pathway and target gene expression. RNA-Seq analysis of the fat body and cultured cells collected at 0, 6, and 24 h after treatment indicated that expression of diapausin-4, -10, -12, -13, cecropin-2, -4, -5, attacin-5, -11, and lebocin D is up-regulated predominantly via Toll signaling, whereas transcription of cecropin-6, gloverin, lysozyme-1, and gallerimycin-2 is mostly induced by DAP-PG via Imd signaling. Other antimicrobial peptides are expressed in response to both pathways. Transcripts of most Toll-specific genes (<em>e.g</em>., lebocin D) peaked at 6 h, contrasting the gradual increase and plateauing of drosomycin mRNA level at 24−48 h in <em>Drosophila</em>. We also used T (oll)-I (md) ratios to estimate relative contributions of the two pathways to transcriptional regulation of other components of the immune system. The differences in pathway specificity and time course of transcriptional regulation call for further investigations in <em>M. sexta</em> and other insects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 104108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140326161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optimized artificial blood feeding assay to study tick cuticle biology","authors":"Faith Kozisek ,&nbsp;Jonathon Cenovic ,&nbsp;Savannah Armendariz ,&nbsp;Subbaratnam Muthukrishnan ,&nbsp;Yoonseong Park ,&nbsp;Vinai C. Thomas ,&nbsp;Sujata S. Chaudhari","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ticks, ectoparasitic arachnids, are prominent disease vectors impacting both humans and animals. Their unique blood-feeding phase involves significant abdominal cuticle expansion, sharing certain similarities with insects. However, vital aspects, including the mechanisms of cuticle expansion, changes in cuticular protein composition, chitin synthesis, and cuticle function, remain poorly understood. Given that the cuticle expansion is crucial for complete engorgement of the ticks, addressing these knowledge gaps is essential. Traditional tick research involving live animal hosts has inherent limitations, such as ethical concerns and host response variability. Artificial membrane feeding systems provide an alternative approach, offering controlled experimental conditions and reduced ethical dilemmas. These systems enable precise monitoring of tick attachment, feeding parameters, and pathogen acquisition. Despite the existence of various methodologies for artificial tick-feeding systems, there is a pressing need to enhance their reproducibility and effectiveness. In this context, we introduce an improved tick-feeding system that incorporates adjustments related to factors like humidity, temperature, and blood-feeding duration. These refinements markedly boost tick engorgement rates, presenting a valuable tool for in-depth investigations into tick cuticle biology and facilitating studies on molting. This refined system allows for collecting feeding ticks at specific stages, supporting research on tick cuticle biology, and evaluating chemical agents' efficacy in the engorgement process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 104113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgenic black soldier flies for production of carotenoids","authors":"Derrick Gunther ,&nbsp;Robert Alford ,&nbsp;Jeff Johnson ,&nbsp;Paul Neilsen ,&nbsp;Liuyin Zhang ,&nbsp;Robert Harrell II ,&nbsp;Cameron Day","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The black soldier fly (BSF), <em>Hermetia illucens,</em> has gained traction recently as a means to achieve closed-loop production cycles. BSF can subsist off mammalian waste products and their consumption of such waste in turn generates compost that can be used in agricultural operations. Their environmental impact is minimal and BSF larvae are edible, with a nutritional profile high in protein and other essential vitamins. Therefore, it is conceivable to use BSF as a mechanism for both reducing organic waste and maintaining a low-impact food source for animal livestock or humans. The main drawback to BSF as a potential human food source is they are deficient in fat-soluble vitamins such as Vitamins A, D, and E. While loading BSF with essential vitamins may be achieved via diet-based interventions, this undercuts the goal of a closed-loop as specialized diets would require additional supply chains. An alternative is to genetically engineer BSF that can synthesize these essential vitamins. Here we describe a BSF line that has been engineered with the two main carotenoid biosynthetic genes, CarRA and CarB for production of provitamin carotenoids within the Vitamin A family. Our data describe the manipulation of the BSF genome to insert transgenes for expression of functional protein products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 104110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of cuticle-associated transcript profiles during moulting of the bed bug Cimex lectularius","authors":"Justin Flaven-Pouchon ,&nbsp;Christin Froschauer ,&nbsp;Bernard Moussian","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2024.104112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The bed bug <em>Cimex lectularius</em> is a worldwide human pest. The sequenced genome allows molecular analyses of all aspects of bed bug biology. The present work was conducted to contribute to bed bug cuticle biology. As in other insect species, the <em>C. lectularius</em> cuticle consists of the three horizontal layers procuticle, epicuticle and envelope. To analyse the genes needed for the establishment of the stratified cuticle, we studied the expression pattern of 42 key cuticle-related genes at the transition of the penultimate nymphal stage to adult animals when a new cuticle is formed. Based on gene expression dynamics, in simplified model, we distinguish two key events during cuticle renewal in <em>C. lectularius</em>. First, upon blood feeding, modulation of ecdysone signalling culminates in the transcriptional activation of the transcription factor Clec-Ftz-F1 that possibly controls the expression of 32 of the 42 genes tested. Second, timed expression of <em>Clec-Ftz-F1</em> seems to depend also on the insulin signalling pathway as RNA interference against transcripts of the insulin receptor delays <em>Clec-Ftz-F1</em> expression and stage transition. An important observation of our transcript survey is that genes needed for the construction of the three cuticle layers are largely expressed simultaneously. Based on these data, we hypothesise a considerable synchronous mechanism of layer formation rather than a strictly sequential one. Together, this work provides a basis for functional analyses of cuticle formation in <em>C. lectularius</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 104112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965174824000432/pdfft?md5=52741942153c88d5fd2843ee65a8e5d4&pid=1-s2.0-S0965174824000432-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}