Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology最新文献_第10页

Evolution of a horizontally acquired fatty acid desaturase enables the biosynthesis of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Collembola 水平获得的脂肪酸去饱和酶的进化使弹线虫能够生物合成ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104381

Yuya Ohhara , Ayumi Sato , Yoko Hirono-Hara , Kiyotaka Y. Hara , Kimiko Yamakawa-Kobayashi

{"title":"Evolution of a horizontally acquired fatty acid desaturase enables the biosynthesis of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Collembola","authors":"Yuya Ohhara , Ayumi Sato , Yoko Hirono-Hara , Kiyotaka Y. Hara , Kimiko Yamakawa-Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine ecosystems are rich in essential dietary fatty acids, particularly ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Various marine microorganisms including microalgae produce ω-3 long-chain PUFAs through the action of methyl- and front-end desaturases. However, most terrestrial organisms cannot produce ω-3 long-chain PUFAs due to the absence of methyl- and/or front-end desaturases. One notable exception is <em>de novo</em> EPA biosynthesis in springtails (Collembola), the non-insect soil hexapod lineage serving as a nutrient source for predatory animals; however, Collembola EPA biosynthesis enzymes remain unknown. Here, we provide the first evidence of the key desaturases required for EPA biosynthesis in Collembola. Mass spectrometric analysis suggested that EPA is synthesized through arachidonic acid biosynthesis and following ω-3 desaturation, which requires front- and methyl-end desaturases, respectively. RNA-sequencing of Collembola transcripts isolated multiple candidate genes encoding front-end desaturases; however, no clear orthologous sequence of a methyl-end desaturase was retrieved. Verification of the activity of the isolated enzymes using a yeast expression system revealed that Collembola front-end desaturases catalyzed arachidonic acid biosynthesis. Furthermore, a subgroup of Collembola front-end desaturase sequences catalyzed the ω-3 desaturation step, facilitating the bioconversion of arachidonic acid to EPA. Phylogenetic analysis further revealed that the Collembola front-end desaturase sequences clustered closely to those of marine microorganisms producing ω-3 long-chain PUFAs. Given that Collembola is derived from a marine Crustacea ancestor, we propose that the horizontal acquisition of a front-end desaturase gene from a marine microbe, followed by duplication and neofunctionalization, empowered Collembola to become an EPA producer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The transcriptomics of Hyphantria cunea salivary gland reveals its function in host plant adaptation 加利福尼亚棘球蚴唾液腺转录组学揭示了其在寄主植物适应中的功能

IF 3.7 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104379

Yajun Wang , Jiangyan Xie , Yansheng Sun , Shuming Cui , Jie Zhang , Qiaoya Zhang , Guocai Zhang , Bing Bi

{"title":"The transcriptomics of Hyphantria cunea salivary gland reveals its function in host plant adaptation","authors":"Yajun Wang , Jiangyan Xie , Yansheng Sun , Shuming Cui , Jie Zhang , Qiaoya Zhang , Guocai Zhang , Bing Bi","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insects' salivary glands and their secretions play a pivotal role in their adaptation to host plants. <em>Hyphantria cunea</em>, a significant pest of both agriculture and forestry, feeds on a variety of host plants, yet the specific functions of its salivary glands in this adaptation process remain largely unclear. In this study, we compared the adaptability of fifth-instar larvae to <em>Populus davidiana</em> × <em>P. bolleana</em> (PDB) and artificial diet (AD). Through transcriptome analysis, 1439 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the salivary glands of fifth-instar larvae feeding on PDB and AD. These DEGs include genes encoding various digestive and detoxification enzymes, which are enriched in pathways related to salivary secretion, digestion, and drug metabolism. Compared to larvae fed AD, the majority of digestive and detoxification enzyme genes were upregulated following consumption of PDB. Furthermore, the larvae enhanced the activities of two digestive enzymes (α-amylase and lipase) and four detoxification enzymes (cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, carboxylesterase, glutathione-S-transferase, and UDP-glycosyltransferases) in their salivary glands, thereby digesting the nutrients in the leaves while detoxifying the secondary metabolites contained within them. Silencing of <em>CYP9E2</em> significantly reduced larval food intake and weight gain, and prolonged larval developmental duration. Taken together, our study identifies the salivary glands of <em>H</em>. <em>cunea</em> larvae as a critical tissue for executing digestive and detoxification functions, enhances understanding of the larval adaptability to host plants via salivary glands, and provides valuable insights for managing <em>H</em>. <em>cunea</em> infestations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The arthropod P450 Enchiridion: An integrated web resource for research on P450s 节肢动物P450百科：一个用于研究P450的综合网络资源。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104377

Jason Charamis , Wannes Dermauw , Thomas Van Leeuwen , John Vontas , René Feyereisen

{"title":"The arthropod P450 Enchiridion: An integrated web resource for research on P450s","authors":"Jason Charamis , Wannes Dermauw , Thomas Van Leeuwen , John Vontas , René Feyereisen","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present the Arthropod P450 Enchiridion (<span><span>arthropodp450.eu</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), a website based on the DokuWiki architecture and designed to provide resources on structures and functions of CYP genes and P450 enzymes from the most diverse and numerous animals, the arthropods. Interlinked pages cover some essential common features of P450 enzymes from rules of nomenclature to enzyme mechanism and protein structure. Specific to arthropods, lookup tables allow the rapid assignment of currently 1308 CYP families to their nine respective CYP clans, as well as the distribution of P450s from full CYPomes into clans. Manually annotated CYPomes from currently 75 species are presented with their correct CYP names as well as nearly 3000 full-length, named insect transcripts. The Arthropod P450 Enchiridion offers a BLAST function addressing over 11,000 accurately named P450 protein sequences. P450 functions as assessed by <em>in vitro</em> heterologous expression, RNAi phenotype, transgenic <em>in vivo</em> expression, or the phenotype of null mutants are presented for over 1000 cases. The data show as expected a focus on insect and mite pest species, but also highlights the remaining gaps in our knowledge of sequence and function of P450s in less studied groups of arthropods. The architecture of the DokuWiki enables regular updates and expansions to which authors are welcome to contribute.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genome assembly of Diadegma fenestrale (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), and genome integration of its symbiotic virus, DfIV 姬蜂（膜翅目：姬蜂科）基因组组装及其共生病毒DfIV基因组整合

IF 3.2 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104366

Juil Kim , Murtaza Khan

{"title":"Genome assembly of Diadegma fenestrale (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), and genome integration of its symbiotic virus, DfIV","authors":"Juil Kim , Murtaza Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Diadegma fenestrale</em> is a parasitic wasp of ecological and agricultural significance, regulating pest populations. However, limited genomic resources have hindered a deeper understanding of its biology and symbiotic interactions. This study presents a chromosome-level genome assembly of <em>D. fenestral</em>e using Nanopore and Illumina sequencing. The assembled 221.1 Mb genome comprises 68 scaffolds, including 11 at the chromosomal level, and exhibits high completeness with a BUSCO completeness score of 99.6 %. A total of 13,544 protein-coding genes were predicted, with BUSCO assessment of the gene set indicating 97.5 % completeness (single-copy: 96.8 %, duplicated: 0.7 %), 0.7 % fragmented, and 1.8 % missing genes. Comparative genomic analysis with closely related hymenopteran species provides new insights into genome evolution, including gene family expansion, contraction patterns, and chromosomal rearrangements. Additionally, this study examines DfIV, a symbiotic virus associated with <em>D. fenestrale</em>, identifying 62 genome segments integrated into the host genome. Most segments are present in one or two copies, while four segments exhibit three copies, suggesting a dynamic interaction between the virus and the host genome that may influence gene regulation and chromosomal stability. This study provides a comprehensive genomic resource for <em>D. fenestrale</em>, enhancing our understanding of its genomic architecture, evolutionary dynamics, and functional adaptations. The findings contribute to broader research on parasitoid wasps, and symbiotic virus-host interactions, with implications for biological pest control and evolutionary biology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endocrine responses in the pheromone induction of male sexual maturation in an insect 昆虫信息素诱导雄性性成熟过程中的内分泌反应。

IF 3.2 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104365

Stéphane Debernard , Paleo Aguilar , Annick Maria , Annabelle Fuentes , Philippe Couzi , Françoise Bozzolan , Edmundo Gassias , Evan Force

{"title":"Endocrine responses in the pheromone induction of male sexual maturation in an insect","authors":"Stéphane Debernard , Paleo Aguilar , Annick Maria , Annabelle Fuentes , Philippe Couzi , Françoise Bozzolan , Edmundo Gassias , Evan Force","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In animals, sexual maturation is marked by the development of reproductive behaviors in synchronism with the acquisition of fertility, and this timing is influenced by chemosensory experiences. In naïve and immature individuals, exposure to sex pheromones may accelerate sexual development, and mechanisms underlying this pheromone induction are not fully identified. Using the moth <em>Agrotis ipsilon</em>, we showed that pre-exposure of immature males to female sex pheromones led to early increases in the performance of sex pheromone-triggered oriented flight as well as in the maturation of accessory sex glands (ASGs) producing seminal proteins. Conjointly, biosynthesis and circulating amounts of juvenile hormone (JH) raised with an upregulation of the expression of JH receptor, <em>Methoprene-tolerant 1</em> (<em>Met1</em>) and the JH-inducible transcription factor, <em>Krüppel homolog 1</em> (<em>Kr-h1</em>) in ASGs and the primary olfactory centers, the antennal lobes (ALs). In the sex pheromone pre-exposed immature males, the loss of function of <em>Met1</em> or <em>Kr-h1</em> caused a reduction in the induction of the sex pheromone behavioral responsiveness and the ASG secretory activity. Taken together, our results showed that the accelerated effects of sex pheromone pre-exposure on male sexual maturation are mediated by increased JH biosynthesis. This ultimately leads to early induction of JH signaling in ASGs for seminal protein production and in ALs for the central processing of pheromone information, which causes the display of sexual behavior in male <em>A. ipsilon</em>. Finally, this study expands our understanding of endocrine mechanisms by which animals can modulate their fitness according to past olfactory experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolutionary history of the Methyltransf_FA domain and its role in JH signal in silkworm, Bombyx mori 家蚕甲基转移fa结构域的进化历史及其在JH信号中的作用

IF 3.2 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104375

Chunyang Wang , Yang Yu , Qi Shen , Rong Xiong , Meiwei Guo , Jiamei Zhao , Dongsheng Yan , Rongcheng Zhang , Ping Chen

{"title":"The evolutionary history of the Methyltransf_FA domain and its role in JH signal in silkworm, Bombyx mori","authors":"Chunyang Wang , Yang Yu , Qi Shen , Rong Xiong , Meiwei Guo , Jiamei Zhao , Dongsheng Yan , Rongcheng Zhang , Ping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Methyltransf_farnesoic acid (MtFA) domain is a characteristic domain of farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase (FAMeT). FAMeT serves as a key enzyme in crustaceans, catalyzing the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of methyl farnesoate (MF). Although homologs of FAMeT have been widely identified in insects, their role in the juvenile hormone (JH) signaling pathway remains unclear. Moreover, the origin and evolutionary history of the MtFA domain remain poorly understood. Interestingly, insect FAMeT contains the MtFA domain and the DUF3421 domain of unknown function. In this study, we found that the MtFA domain was widely distributed across diverse taxa, including protists, vertebrates, and angiosperms. MtFA domain–containing genes likely originated from the common ancestor of prokaryotes and eukaryotes but were lost in archaea. The clustering of MtFA sequences was generally consistent with the classification of MtFA fusion proteins, indicating that domain variation might have been related to protein type. Overexpression of <em>BmFAMeT-2</em> (which encodes a protein containing 2 MtFA domains and 1 DUF3421 domain) or <em>BmFAMeT-1</em> (which encodes a protein containing 1 MtFA domain and 1 DUF3421 domain) led to the upregulation of <em>BmKr-h1</em> expression. In contrast, overexpression of <em>BGIBMGA006319</em> (encoding a protein containing only 1 DUF3421 domain) led to the downregulation of <em>BmKr-h1</em> expression. Knockdown of <em>BGIBMGA006319</em> led to an increase in JH titers, whereas knockdown of <em>BmFAMeT-1</em> or <em>BmFAMeT-2</em> resulted in a decrease, with the effect being more pronounced for <em>BmFAMeT-2</em> than for <em>BmFAMeT-1</em>. These findings suggest that the MtFA domain plays a promoting role in JH signaling, while the DUF3421 domain plays an inhibitory role in JH signaling in silkworms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144666710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cullin1 orchestrates insulin/mTOR signaling to drive endocycle progression and ecdysteroid production in Drosophila prothoracic glands during critical weight attainment 在果蝇达到临界体重时，Cullin1调控胰岛素/mTOR信号传导，驱动前胸腺内循环进程和表皮甾体生成。

IF 3.2 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104374

Xiangyan Xue, Zonghao Liu, Ze Zhang, Wei Sun

{"title":"Cullin1 orchestrates insulin/mTOR signaling to drive endocycle progression and ecdysteroid production in Drosophila prothoracic glands during critical weight attainment","authors":"Xiangyan Xue, Zonghao Liu, Ze Zhang, Wei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Critical weight (CW) is a key developmental threshold in insects, beyond which larvae initiate the transformation into pupae. The prothoracic gland (PG), responsible for producing ecdysteroids, plays a crucial role in controlling the timing of this transition. The nutrition dependent endocycle, a modified cell cycle that omits mitosis, coordinates the PG size and activity to influence the timing of CW attainment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying how nutrient signals determine the endocycle process in PG cells are still not fully uncovered. In this study, we found a conserved SCF (SkpA-Cullin1-Slmb) E3 ligase complex that plays a critical role in regulating endocycle events in <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> PG cells. Functional disruption of <em>cullin1 (cul1)</em>, a core component of this complex, could cause endocycle inhibition, decrease the biosynthesis of ecdysteriod and developmental arrest. The phenotype can be rescued by overexpression <em>cyclin E</em> which may induce rounds of endocycles in the steroidogenic tissue. Remarkably, Cul1 was highly expressed during the CW checkpoint. Starvation before the CW period could repress its expression. In line with this, loss of insulin or target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling could significantly decrease the Cul1 signal during around CW indicating the gene is a nutrient responsive gene. Taken together, our data revealed that Cul1 could serve as downstream regulator of insulin/mTOR signaling pathway to determine the endocycling process around CW in PG cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104374"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

20-Hydroxyecdysone regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides through dorsal and relish in Helicoverpa armigera 20-羟基蜕皮激素通过棉铃虫背侧和津津乐道调节抗菌肽的表达。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104378

Caihua Chen , Youying Yan , Jiaxin Wang , Lizhen Zhou , Zhiqiang Lu

{"title":"20-Hydroxyecdysone regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides through dorsal and relish in Helicoverpa armigera","authors":"Caihua Chen , Youying Yan , Jiaxin Wang , Lizhen Zhou , Zhiqiang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) plays a key role in insect development, not only regulating molting and metamorphosis but also participating in the innate immune responses. The regulation of immunity by 20E varies among different insect species. The pathway and mechanism of 20E regulates immunity in the cotton bollworm (<em>Helicoverpa armigera</em>) remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that the enhanced immunity is regulated by 20E in <em>H. armigera</em>. 20E upregulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Knockdown of Dorsal suppressed the 20E-induced expression of AMPs, while knockdown of Relish similarly inhibited the expression of AMPs except <em>Moricin</em>. Overexpression of Dorsal promotes its nuclear translocation and activates the expression of AMPs. However, overexpression of Cactus (IκB-like protein, the inhibitor of NFκB) isoform A binds to Dorsal and inhibits its nuclear translocation. 20E upregulates Dorsal expression via direct EcR mediation and facilitates Dorsal release through phosphorylation of Cactus A. We also report spontaneous activation of HaRelish through auto-proteolytic cleavage, liberating its N-terminal domain (Rel-N). Nuclear Rel-N interacts with Dorsal to co-regulate AMP transcription. These data indicate that 20E induces the expression of AMPs in <em>H. armigera</em> through activation of Dorsal and Relish, thereby enhancing immunity during the metamorphosis stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The functional impact of mutations in orthosteric binding site of the Drosophila melanogaster Dα2-containing nicotinic receptors points to a greater contribution to neonicotinoid selectivity of an arginine in loop D of Dβ1 than an introduced serine in loop C of Dα2 黑腹果蝇含Dα2烟碱受体正位结合位点突变的功能影响表明，Dβ1环D中的精氨酸比Dα2环C中的引入丝氨酸对新烟碱选择性的贡献更大。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104380

Ryo Ito , Hisanori Ojima , Miyu Takeuchi , Hiyori Takahashi , Makoto Ihara , David B. Sattelle , Kazuhiko Matsuda

{"title":"The functional impact of mutations in orthosteric binding site of the Drosophila melanogaster Dα2-containing nicotinic receptors points to a greater contribution to neonicotinoid selectivity of an arginine in loop D of Dβ1 than an introduced serine in loop C of Dα2","authors":"Ryo Ito , Hisanori Ojima , Miyu Takeuchi , Hiyori Takahashi , Makoto Ihara , David B. Sattelle , Kazuhiko Matsuda","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies to date show that certain orthosteric binding sites are involved in the selective actions of neonicotinoids on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, few investigations have utilized functional nAChRs consisting only of insect nAChR subunits. For the mechanism of selective neonicotinoid actions, loop C has been shown to play a role, whereas functional studies have advocated roles for loop D and loop G which appear to contribute more strongly to neonicotinoid actions than loop C. Here we have investigated the effects of P242E and P242S mutations in loop C of the Dα2 subunit and R81T mutation in loop D of the Dβ1 subunit on agonist actions of imidacloprid and thiacloprid for <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> Dα1/Dα2/Dβ1 and Dα1/Dα2/Dβ1/Dβ2 nAChRs coexpressed with cofactors DmNACHO, DmRIC-3, DmTMX3 and DmUNC-50 in <em>Xenopus laevis</em> oocytes. The P242E and P242S mutations in loop C hardly affected the agonist affinity and efficacy of the neonicotinoids. In contrast, the R81T mutation in loop D decreased the affinity and efficacy of imidacloprid while substantially reducing the efficacy of thiacloprid. Combined loop C and loop D mutations resulted in further reduced efficacy of thiacloprid while having no such effect on imidacloprid actions. These results suggest that the proline in loop C and the arginine in loop D underly the binding of neonicotinoids with the greater contribution coming from loop D, and that thiacloprid relies less on the interactions with the arginine in loop D than imidacloprid, and hence is less susceptible to the R81T mutation in the development of resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sterol-modified plants reduce aphid performance by limiting sterol availability 甾醇改性植物通过限制甾醇的可用性来降低蚜虫的表现。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104382

Ivy W. Chen , Jiaxin Lei , Zekun Jin , Adriana E. Alvarez , Robert J. Grebenok , Stephen Fletcher , Spencer T. Behmer , Keyan Zhu-Salzman

{"title":"Sterol-modified plants reduce aphid performance by limiting sterol availability","authors":"Ivy W. Chen , Jiaxin Lei , Zekun Jin , Adriana E. Alvarez , Robert J. Grebenok , Stephen Fletcher , Spencer T. Behmer , Keyan Zhu-Salzman","doi":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sterols are essential for eukaryotic cell structure and metabolism, yet insects cannot synthesize them <em>de novo</em> and must acquire them through their diet. For insect herbivores, plant-derived sterols are typically converted into cholesterol to support development and reproduction. We previously engineered <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> lines with silenced <em>HYD1</em>, resulting in altered sterol composition. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the phloem-feeding aphid <em>Myzus persicae</em> on these sterol-modified plants. Aphids reared on the modified lines (<em>HYD1</em><sub>RNAi</sub>10, 12, 25) exhibited significantly reduced growth, reproduction, and survival compared to those on wild-type Col-0. However, choice assays and electropenetrography (EPG) revealed no differences in host preference or probing and feeding behaviors. Unlike the chewing insect <em>Plutella xylostella</em>, <em>M. persica</em><em>e</em> did not accumulate atypical sterols but instead showed a significant reduction of total sterol content. Phloem-sap analysis mirrored aphid sterol profiles, lacking the atypical sterols found in leaf tissue of the modified lines. RNA-seq of <em>HYD1</em><sub>RNAi</sub> lines revealed no induction of known plant defense pathways; instead, genes involved in translation and nitrate metabolism were upregulated. These findings show that <em>HYD1</em> silencing reduces host suitability for aphids by limiting sterol availability for insect development and reproduction. Our results highlight the potential of sterol-modified plants as a promising strategy for managing phloem sap-feeding insect pests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":330,"journal":{"name":"Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 104382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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