Journal of Injury and Violence Research最新文献

{"title":"Injury-related risk behaviors among secondary technical vocational school students in China: a cross-sectional survey","authors":"Fenfen Li, Shumei Wang","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1392","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: To understand the prevalence of daily injury-related risk behaviors among secondary technical vocational school students, and to provide scientific proof and effective guidance for further injury intervention. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of all grade one and grade two students in a secondary technical vocational school in Jiangsu Province in April 2018, to understand the current status of injury-related risk behaviors. Results: Secondary technical vocational school students traffic risk behaviors, bullying and violence experience, sports risk behaviors, unsafe animal contact, were highly prevalent. The following behaviors occurred more than 25%: running a red light, not using the crosswalk, playing electronic equipment while crossing the road, not using a helmet, not wearing a seat-belt, not using reflective equipment at night, no preparation activities before sports, no protective measures during exercise, playing with stray cats, etc. Conclusions: Injury-related risk behaviors among secondary technical vocational school students were highly prevalent. The intervention of such risk behaviors should aim at characteristics of the population and their behaviors, take full advantage of families, schools, communities and other resources to solve intervention obstacles and promote correct behavior recognized as social norms, and create safe environment and atmosphere of families, schools, communities, and the whole society. Keywords: Secondary technical vocational school, Injury, Risk behavior","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42200624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crash data integration for road safety analysis in Iran","authors":"A. Afshar","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1351","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Roadway crashes have put a huge toll on the country’s resources in the last three decades. Since early 2000, roadway crash fatalities in Iran became alarming for international observers and eventually in 2005, WHO came to rescue by providing expertise and resources to the Iranian governmental bodies and authorities to draw a road-map and to tackle this national issue. The government has passed appropriate legislation to facilitate the process for authorities to plan, implement, manage, and enforce what the road-map envisioned. Meanwhile Universities, NGOs, and media put more resources to dissect the problems, develop consensus among stakeholder and to identify areas that need public awareness and participation for moving toward safer transportation system. Present study looks at the samples of actions taken by authorities to scan the progress, lessons learned and to identify steps for improvements in accuracy and efficiencies. It is found that all stakeholders involved in roadway crashes (Driver, Vehicle, and Road) are recording appropriate attributes but because these data are not connected, detailed analysis and meaningful evaluations are lacking reliability and trust worthiness. Technological advances on data fusion, big data analysis, and relational databases allow bringing all parties resources/databases into a readable platform which requires minimal effort compare to the benefits it offers to all stakeholders. Data queries from this platform would enable analysts to produce meaningful reports for decision maker to dedicate adequate resources for combating this national tragedy and assisting stakeholder to plan toward zero deaths. Keywords: Crash Data, Integration, Road Safety Analysis","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44121862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Burden of Injuries argues for more Safe Communities in Iran and EMRO","authors":"K. Dalal","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1289","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Globally, injuries cost nearly 1 trillion USD during 2016 equivalent to one-third of the total GDP EMRO countries. World Health Organization (WHO) and other United Nations (UN) agencies are reiterating policy advocacies and planning for injury prevention activities. Total burden of injuries during 2018 for the EMRO countries was 163 538 795 009 USD while only RTI burden was 46 056 411 787 USD (28.2%). The EMRO countries are significantly loosing a big percentage of their GDPs due to amenable injury burden: Afghanistan 9.2%, Bahrain 1.93%, Djibouti 6.2%, Egypt 3%, Iran (Islamic Republic of) 4.3%, Iraq 12.95%, Jordan 3.24%, Kuwait 2.88%, Lebanon 3.81%, Libya 7.95%, Morocco 2.73%, Oman 3.46%, Pakistan 5.25%, Qatar 3.34%, Saudi Arabia 4.1%, Somalia 9.2%, Sudan 7.4%, Syrian Arab Republic 24.1%, Tunisia 2.98%, United Arab Emirates 2.81% and Yemen 10.3%. Road Traffic Injuries constitute almost one-third of the total injury burden in the EMRO countries accruing mentionable amount of the countries’ GDPs: Afghanistan 1.2%, Bahrain 0.6%, Djibouti 1.9%, Egypt 0.9% Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1.96%, Iraq 1.3%, Jordan 1.7%, Kuwait 1.2%, Lebanon 0.96%, Libya 1.6%, Morocco 1.23%, Oman 1.72%, Pakistan 1.2%, Qatar 0.99%, Saudi Arabia 1.74%, Somalia 2.16%, Sudan 1.92%, Syrian Arab Republic 0.91%, Tunisia 1.33%, United Arab Emirates 0.85% and Yemen 1.92%. In EMRO, the economic burden of injuries as percentage of GDP is engulfing almost the whole health expenditure (% of GDP) of the countries. In some countries it is more than double. Therefore due to injuries the EMRO countries are lacking high behind their healthcare budget resulting overall shortage of healthcare delivery. Safe communities rely on interactive approach within the context of a partnership focusing sustainable health and welfare development through injury prevention and safety promotion. Most importantly it has emphasized on the policies and practices of governance and of collaboration in community development. Safe Communities are more cost-effective program than prevalence studies. Safe Communities are more successful as cost-effective policy tools rather than simple epidemiological studies. Safe Communities have an estimated cost-benefit ratio of 1:10. When the countries are losing so much of their GDPs due to preventable injuries why not EMRO calls for more Safe Communities? Keywords: Economic Burden, Injury, Safe Community, Iran, EMRO","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44195824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of head trauma patients referred to Shahid Motahhari hospital in Urmia","authors":"N. Aghakhani, Mohammad Delirrad","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1464","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Penetrating trauma to the skull is an important cause of death in industrial societies in spite of ‎modern treatments. Most of them have mild and the rest are in moderate or severe trauma. It ‎causes economic, physical and psychological complications for the client and his/her ‎family.100% of severe and 2/3 of moderate cases are led to handicap situations that never ‎treated. The common causes of this problem are car accidents, falling and physical injuries with ‎signs of unconsciousness, drowsiness, epilepsy, nausea, vomiting and headaches. The present ‎study was done on 1796 cases of head trauma in Motahari hospital of Urmia to suggest some ‎guidelines for decreasing of its complication and prevention.‎ Methods: 1796 patients who had head injury, were hospitalized in neurology surgical ward of Motahari ‎hospital of Urmia were studied. ‎ Results: Head trauma was the most common cause of hospitalization in neurosurgery ward (40.1%). 162 ‎of samples were female (22.5%) and the rest were male. 35 of them (4, 9%) were dead and 21 of ‎them were from Urmia city. (17%) of dead persons were female. Most of injured persons were ‎from Urmia (53.3%), Khoy (4.6%) and Salmas (4. 2%).Mean age of injurers was 28.53 years ‎and in dead persons was 31.9 years. Most of injuries were in 20-29 years old group. (22. ‎‎6%).Most of injuries was in Farvardin because of increasing car accidents in this month ‎‎(12.8%).‎ Conclusions: The main outcome measure was rates of attendance for head injury. Head injury ratio in men to ‎women was 3.4:1. It may be related to dangerous working environment, driving, and dangerous ‎works for men. The most injured persons were Urmia residents because of population of city, ‎treatment or death of persons in their cities that are not registered in list. The planning and ‎delivery of preventative and management services may be improved by such analyses. Further ‎metacentric work is indicated to map a more accurate clinical picture of head injury survival. ‎Good and rapid road services are useful too.‎ Keywords: Head injury, Urmia, Prevention, Treatment","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49187241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey proportion of safety and ergonomics parameters in Sabzevar preschool centers","authors":"F. Abareshi, Z. sharifi, R. Hekmatshoar","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1402","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: The first months and years of life of the child play the most important role in the formation and growth of his mental, physical and mental dimensions. Children, on the other hand, are one of the most vulnerable groups of the community, however, children need to play in order to understand their surroundings. This means that design for children should be in a way that balances their motivation and safety. This study was conducted to evaluate the fit of ergonomic indices in preschool centers in Sabzevar. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among preschools centers under the supervision of the Welfare Organization in Sabzevar city. Only 39 center from 50 center tended to participate in this study. Ergonomics and safety indices in two parts of the physical and cognitive part were measured using a researcher made checklist was designed and validated by Aziz-Dabadi Farahani. Data was gathered and then analyzed using SPSS.16 software. Results: The results of this study showed that the preschool centers were considered for each child (6.4%), the height of the wash basin (68.42%), the playing room floor (22.2% 72), wall coverings (87.17%), lighting (49%), temperature (66.3%), window shields (35.89%), fire extinguisher charging (74.41%), The corridor width leading to the playing room (38.88%) was favorable. But the sound level in any of the preschool centers was not favorable. Conclusions: Preschool centers and kindergarten have a crucial role in providing safety for children as the most vulnerable and curious group in society. Considering that the assessment and inspection of preschool centers is carried out by environmental authorities, but some of the issues related to the field of occupational health are not properly and accurately addressed, so it is advisable that the occupational health professional Attending inspections, as well as due to the lack of stringency to build preschool centers in suitable places, there are not enough criteria that should be taken into consideration. Keywords: Preschool centers, Safety, Vulnerable group","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43264346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized Structural Equation Modeling (GSEM) in prediction of injury leading to motorcyclist hospitalization: a case-control study","authors":"Shila Hasanzadeh, M. Asgharijafarabadi, Homyoun Sadeghi-Bazargani","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1427","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Generalized Structural Equation Modeling (GSEM) in prediction of injury leading to motorcyclist hospitalization: a case-control study Abstract Background and Objectives: Given that the SEM model includes both structural and measurement models, It is also a method for the exact test of theoretical models and is very useful for causal modeling. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the predictors of injuries caused the hospitalization of motorcyclists using a Generalized Structural Equation Modeling (GSEM) with mediator in a case-control study. Methods: In this case-control study, 300 cases and 156 controls were selected from 150 clusters using a cluster random sampling in Tabriz, Iran. Using of motorcycle-riding behavior questionnaire (MRBQ), Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The GSEM model was used to examine the linear direct and indirect linear relationships of variables in the conceptual model and considering the binary response variable of the model. Also, MRBQ were considered as a mediator variable for the underlying and ADHD and Data analysis was performed by STATA14 software. Results: The predictors of injury were: MRBQ, ADHD and Demographic, The results indicated significant linear and direct relationships between odds of injury and cell phone answering (OR= 2.22, P= 0.010), hyper active child (OR= 1.65, P= 0.057), dark hour riding (OR= 1.01, P= 0.001) and MRBQ (OR= 1.27, P= 0.092), while significant inverse relation between injury and being married(OR= 0.43, P= 0.002), academic education (OR= 0.29, P= 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the results GSEM model, Due to the significance of the variables, having intervention programs, on the ADHD, and those who answer their cell phones while driving, and dark hour riding is highly recommended. Keywords: SEM, GSEM, Traffic, Injury, MRBQ, ADHD","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43484661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting fatal road crash: the case of insurance, Iran","authors":"A. Asadi, F. Najafi, Mehdi Moradinazar","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1417","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: The mortality rate per 10,000 vehicles caused by road traffic accidents is 3 people in the world and 33 people in Iran. This trend has been on the rise in the recent years. Considering the high of mortality rate caused by road traffic accidents in Iran, the present study was carried out to identify the factors influencing the mortality caused by road traffic accidents. Methods: To analyze the mortality rate caused by road traffic accidents and the factors involved, all closed files in Iran insurance company (compensation unit) in Kermanshah province, Iran in 2013 were investigated. Data analysis was performed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: From 1517 rood traffic accidents, 2026 people had car crash; 1.33 accidents per each car crash, from whom 1859 (54.1%) people had been injured and 158 (4.6%) had dead. The severity of accident was higher in men than in women, as 102 (68%) men and 48 (32%) women had died due to accident. The most frequent cause of death was brain injuries (67%). Also, 61.4% of the people had died at the site of accident and 29.7% had died during transfer to hospital. Conclusions: Brain injuries and complications associated with them are the most common causes of death during traffic accidents. More than half of the deaths due to traffic accidents are caused by brain injury. Therefore, protecting the head while driving is one of the most important priorities in traffic accidents. Key words: Traffic Accidents, accident severity, mortality, crash. Keywords: Traffic Accidents, Accident severity, Mortality, Crash","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43743120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and validating an instrument to assess non-hospital health centers’ preparedness to provide initial emergency care: a sequential exploratory mixed-method study","authors":"Mehrdad Amir Behghadami, H. Sadeghi-Bazargani, M. Gholizadeh, F. Rahmani","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1341","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Basic emergency management in urban and rural areas is a critical challenge. The main aim of the study was to develop, validate, and pilot an instrument which can be used to measure the preparedness of non-hospital health centers to provide initial emergency care. This study was designed based on a sequential exploratory mixed-method in two qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, the literature systematic review and qualitative. Methods: (Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Semi-Structured Interviews (SSIs) with the target group) were applied to identify the domains and items. Purposive sampling method was used to identify participants in the SSIs and FGDs. Sampling was done until theoretical saturation. Interview data were analyzed using framework analysis and then, the results of both literature systematic review and qualitative studies were triangulated by a panel of experts to define the domains and items to be included in the instrument. In the quantitative phase, Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) of the instrument were performed. The CVR was assessed based on the necessary criterion. The CVI was assessed using modified Kappa coefficient (modified CVI) based on clarity and relevance criteria. Results: In the qualitative phase, primary version of the instrument containing 155 items related to assessing preparedness of non-hospital health centers was generated. In the quantitative phase, item reduction was applied and the final version of the instrument containing 120 items was developed. These items were classified in 10 domains which include: fundamental infrastructures, medical supplies and equipment, human resources, emergency medicines, clinical interventions, maintenance of equipment, medicine storage capability, educating and training, infection control, and quality control. The CVI and kappa modified were calculated 0.80 and 0.80 for relevance and .91 and 0.91 for clarity, respectively. Conclusions: This study provided a standard and valid instrument which can be used to assess preparedness rate of non-hospital health centers to deliver initial emergency care. Keywords: Non-hospital health centers, Preparedness, Assess, Emergency care, Validity, Sequential exploratory mixed-method study","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44093442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial assessment of households covered by health centers, identification of high risk ‎cases and psychological management in crisis and disasters","authors":"Haniyeh Rezaei, T. Rezaei","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1472","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: The crisis is the severity and peak of stress. According to the accumulative characteristic of ‎stress, the accumulated stresses become a major crisis over the time. All those exposed to the ‎crisis experience different post-traumatic psychological states. Some people suffer from post-‎traumatic stress syndrome. Some of them suffer from post-traumatic stress due to the ‎observation of dangerous scenes and lose of the beloved ones. Of among, personal vulnerability ‎is one of the most important factors that has a psychologically significant effect on the ‎occurrence or absence of psychological disorders in post-crisis events. According to the ‎importance of this issue, Marand Health Center s Psychology Unit intends to identify people ‎who expose the risk of psychological disorders through a cross-sectional assessment, and ‎develop an operational program required for psychological interventions in crisis and disasters ‎with a prospective approach. ‎ Methods: The present study is a research initiative idea and plan. The total number of households covered ‎by health centers is 77,564 people. To execute this program, it is first necessary to hold ‎meetings with psychiatric centers and clinical experts regarding the purpose and ‎implementation procedure of this program. The evaluation form is then prepared and reviewed ‎according to the psychologists’ perspectives, and its validity and reliability was confirmed by ‎experts. Finally, a training course was held for personnel involved in health centers and required ‎training on how to complete the forms and identify those at risk was presented to them. As well ‎as, in the context of post-incident crisis management (with a prospective approach), follow-up ‎was conducted for those exposed events, and required interventions were provided to prevent ‎the deterioration of the mental condition or the occurrence of psychological disorders. ‎ Results: As event-induced crises on the one hand predispose an individual to psychological disorders ‎and, on the other hand, increase the potential forces and the use of psychological mechanisms, ‎proper intervention on the one hand is therefore beneficial to prevent the immediate symptoms ‎and psychological disorders and on the other hand, it will bring about the individual growth and ‎prosperity. ‎ Conclusions: Since one of the basic discussions in crisis and risk management is the preparation before and ‎the action at the right time, identifying people at risk and training ways to deal with stress can ‎prevent psychological consequences of critical events based on this idea. According to the ‎studies and surveys, the most pre-crisis intervention includes the analysis and readiness of ‎structures, strength creation, and so forth. And there are few studies on the psychological ‎hazards. Therefore, it is suggested that this idea is implemented and evaluated in some ‎disastrous areas of the country.‎ Keywords: Crisis Management, Post-crisis psychological","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46734342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological survey of registered violence cases in covered hospitals of Isfahan Health Center in 2016","authors":"Hamid Turkzadeh, Alireza Dadaei shahrekordi, A. Salehi, Seyed Mohsen Fayaz","doi":"10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v11i2.1444","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Violence should be regarded as ambiguity, which, unlike the consensus in its rejection, has a wide range in human social life. Human beings have been damaged and harmed by violence for many years, however, human beings have not always tolerated or violated violence. There are moments in history that one has been informed about his violence towards his fellow man and seeks to find a way to overcome it. Today, what has become the cause of the concern of various communities is the increasing extent of violence, less the day that the media devote several columns to their pages or parts of their news to describe violent acts. Every day, we witness the perpetration of violent acts at the individual and social levels. Increasing the rate of murder, assault and rape, conflict, the spread of wars and internal conflicts, ethnic and religious conflicts, and social rebellions all reflect the fact that the level of inclination to violence is increasing and patterns change. A decade ago, when it was talked about violence, peoples’ minds tended to be focused on certain types of violence, such as violence against women or children, but today they are talking about one or more specific types of violence Not meaningful. Today, what focuses on everyone’s attention is the spread of violence in all its forms and manifestations. The aim of this study was to investigate epidemiologic cases of violence referred to hospitals affiliated to Isfahan Health Center No. 1 in 1395. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study. The statistics were collected by examining the accident and accident forms and analyzed using SPSS software package. Results: Of 21239 incidents, 1,000 (4.7%) were related to violence and the fifth highest accident rate occurred in urban areas. The injuries included 81.9% of men and 18.1% of women. 97% of violence occurred in urban areas and 3% in rural areas. In terms of violence, most cases occurred in 42.9% of streets and 23.4% at home. The highest percentage of violence was observed in the age groups of 20-29 years old (25.7%), 30-39 (20.7%), 10-19 years (15.7%), 40-49 years (10.1%) and 50- 59 years (7.1%). More than 99% of the violence was treated and only 5 People reported death. Conclusions: The analysis of the above statistics shows that violence among incidents has a relatively high percentage that requires a special look as one of the components of social health. However, the existence of violence at young ages and ages of active and active society of bells A serious threat to mental health in society. Since most violence has occurred in urban areas and there are several factors such as stress, economic problems, lifestyles and other cultural and economic factors, more research is needed to accurately identify causes and factors of violence and find solutions to prevent them. This is underlined by this article. Keywords: Violence, Active age group, Prevention","PeriodicalId":32422,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Injury and Violence Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47095544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}