Current problems of architecture and urban planning最新文献

{"title":"PRINCIPLES OF USE OF AVAILABLE RESOURCE, CULTURE, HISTORICAL AND LANDSCAPE POTENTIALS OF SMALL CITIES OF UKRAINE IN SHAPING THE STRATEGY OF PROMISING DEVELOPMENT","authors":"V. Yatsenko, Tatiana Korotkova","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.195-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.195-206","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with some aspects of urban planning, economic, social, cultural, historical and other development, which influenced the specifics of small cities and the principles of reviving their full existence were proposed. For example, the small city of Zolotonosha, a state of historical development, which is too static and the prospect is too blurred. \u0000The basic principles are based on the attempt to attract the city reserves in identifying, updating and proposals for the formation of a new strategy based on history, culture, economy, ecology and more-the development of the tourist and recreational industry system is compatible with adjacent territorial communities and their resources. \u0000The key principles of the new development strategy in the context of a new administrative policy in the article highlights \"the principle of historical argumentation of the possibilities of organizing a tourist and recreational network as a system of local level.\" An important argument of this principle is the common rights to all areas of activity with the role of everyone as an element of the system system. \u0000\"The principle of joint development of the tourist and recreational network as a system: history-nature-society-economy.\" The principle is the unifying activity of all subjects of the system. \u0000And the third principle \"Social sphere as a combination of the integrity of the tourist and recreational system of the small city and the surrounding territories. \u0000The surrounding areas are new entities of the administrative system – united territorial communities.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132680675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENETIC CODE OF THE CITY","authors":"M. Habrel, M. Habrel","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.18-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.18-41","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in genetics as a science have led the authors to believe that its methods and approaches can be used in urban research and in justifying decisions on spatial organization and urban development. Using the theoretical and methodological tools of genetics revealed the content of the phenomenon of \"genetic top\" in urban planning and urban development: understood the key provisions of genetics as a science of heredity – the origin and evolution of organisms, substantiated their feasibility for research on urban history and modern cities; the peculiarities of the genetic method for the study of cities and the role of the phenomenon of heredity for their future are determined. The genetic method is presented as a kind of genetic and aimed at studying the phenomena of development not only in time but also in space, determining the transitions from lower forms of organization of territories (places, settlements) to higher – extremely complex urban systems. It covers: the establishment of initial conditions and the origin of the organism, its main stages, main trends and lines (mutations, modifications) of development. On the example of the city of Lviv the application of certain tools for in-depth understanding of the processes of origin and evolution of the city is revealed. The set of \"genes\" of the city – spiritual-religious, behavioral-activity and psychological-mental in their various combinations, which form the genotype of the city as connections \"man–territory–space–time\". It has been confirmed that the city’s genetics (genetic space) is rooted in the past, connected with people, the energy of the Earth and the Universe. \"Genetic\" research shows that inherited urban differences are a factor that determines urban individuality throughout development, should be taken into account in both research and spatial organization and development of urban systems. The article only initiates certain provisions to substantiate the theory of urban genetics. Future research will determine the evidence in support of the formulated provisions or refute them as false.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"256 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134397531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KREMENETS’S FIXATION PLAN OF THE 1930S AS A SOURCE OF RESEARCH ON THE URBAN HISTORY OF THE CITY","authors":"Yuliia Yahodka","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.181-194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.181-194","url":null,"abstract":"The article covers the urban formation of Kremenets on the basis of the fixation site plan of the city of the second half of the 1930s and other project documentation of the Second Polish Republic period. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the relatively limited array of cartographic sources capturing the features of Kremenets planning pattern in the interwar period. \u0000This publication aims to substantiate the evolution of the architecture of Kremenets that was based on the identification of the architectural heritage of the Polish, and the involvement of avant-garde ideas. A special factor of relevance is the emphasis on the value of the architectural and landscape ensemble of Kremenets as an exceptional example of the vernacular town of Western Volhynia. \u0000The research methodology is based on general, interdisciplinary and disciplinary, that include architectural and town-planning research methods. \u0000A comparative analysis of the found documents makes it possible to identify features of urban development of Kremenets under the influence of various factors: spatial and landscape situation, social and cultural context, trends in urban development in the relevant periods of European history. \u0000The object of research is the fixation plan of the city of Kremenets in the 1930s, which was discovered by the author as a result of working with materials from the funds of the State Archives of Ternopil region. The research is accompanied by other published documents and primary sources of the Second Polish Republic period.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"940 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120875875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPECIFICS OF THE NATURAL LANDSCAPE USING IN THE URBAN PLANNING OF UKRAINE IN 1940S-1950S","authors":"P. Rychkov, I. Potapchuk","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.145-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.145-153","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the natural landscape use specifics in urban planning of Ukraine in 1940-1950. In the postwar years, most cities in Ukraine needed reconstruction after the destruction caused during World War II. On the example of cities-regional centers of Ukraine, such as Kharkiv, Lviv, Lutsk, Ternopil, etc., the peculiarities of the natural landscape use in the conditions of urban transformations and reconstruction of 1940s-1950s are determined. In accordance with the master plans of the 1940s and 1950s, according to which cities were rebuilt after the Second World War, the natural landscape played an important role in the creation of urban compositions. Given the requirement of the city and nature unity, the new urban ensembles tried to integrate into the existing natural landscape in such a way as to emphasize the representative qualities of the central buildings, to form a holistic spatial composition. The landscape use also solved certain functional tasks in the reconstruction of cities: the existing natural relief was usually used to emphasize the specific image of new architectural dominants; ponds, if available near city centers, were arranged and compositionally combined with the urban ensemble; the arrangement of the existing greenery solved the question of the necessary amount of landscaping and the creation of recreation areas for the city population. This approach was usually used for socialist propaganda, but on the other hand, taking into account the peculiarities of the landscape in urban planning and using its features to solve functional and compositional problems, as is known, is characteristic of urban planning at all stages of human history, including 1940s-1950s.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129542241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES OF AESTHETIC-FIGURATIVE TRANSFORMATION IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES FOR A PUBLIC FUNCTION","authors":"Larysa Bridnia","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.252-267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.252-267","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the issues of architectural and figurative transformation of buildings during the reconstruction of historical industrial enterprises (mid-eighteenth century – first half of the XX century). The main principles for the implementation of such a transformation are determined: ensuring urban integrity; preservation of the historical image of industrial architecture; nuances in their general architectural and spatial organization (symbiosis with the environment); contrast between old and new; compliance with national and regional cultural traditions; environmentally friendly solutions. Examples of the application of these principles in the world practice of the reconstruction of industrial buildings for various public functions are analyzed. \u0000Techniques that allow to implement these principles in the renovation of historical buildings are defined. These methods are proposed to include: conservation and restoration of the characteristic elements of industrial architecture; reuse of authentic materials and designs; the inclusion of industrial equipment in the interiors and exteriors of objects of reconstruction; the use of forms, materials, structures, furniture – contrasting with the primary industrial structure while ensuring symbiosis with the environment due to the nuanced solution of the overall composition, the delicate inclusion of new elements, the preservation of rhythmic patterns, the use of building and finishing materials, elements of architectural «camouflage» (grids, perforations, glazing, openwork metal structures, etc.); «absorption» of old buildings or their parts by new structures. In addition, an accentuated appeal to the characteristic features of the national cultural traditions of the construction region, through the use of local building and finishing materials, forms, structures, the use of local ornaments, patterns, objects of arts and crafts is proposed. It is recommended to use environmentally friendly materials, landscaping elements in the interiors and exteriors of buildings, the formation of a building area using the natural landscape along with the inclusion of industrial elements of industrial architecture.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128135646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOME ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF THE INFORMATION-EMOTIONAL COMPONENT OF THE DESIGN OF THE ARCHITECTURAL ENVIRONMENT","authors":"V. Safronov, O. Safronova","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.100-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.100-109","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights some aspects of the formation of the information-emotional component of the design of architectural environment, taking into account the concept of biophilic design and the development of modern information technologies. It is shown, that the formation of positive emotions in a person on the general level of perception corresponds to the concept of biophilic design. The historical analysis of the origin of the term and the development of the concept of biophilic design in the design of modern architectural environment of the city, as well as factors confirming its relevance are given. According to the studies, the biophilic approach can also be considered as the basis for the implementation of the idea of sustainable development, declaring the greening of relationship between the man and nature. At the same time, with the development of information technologies, one of the urgent tasks of design practice is the creation of dynamic scenarios for the the organization of the urban environment, which today can have a hybrid nature (both digital and physical content). The analysis of the level of organization of such hybrid spaces in Kyiv is given and the means of implementing dynamic scenarios are determined. Taking into account the above trends, the concept of designing a public interior space is proposed, according to which, a partial reproduction of a figurative solution that does not exist, but is familiar from films or books, can be involved in order to form an abstract-logical informative environment that contributes to the emergence of positive emotions at the general level of perception.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126335079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOSPATIAL MODELING OF THE FLOOD RISK OF THE PRIPYAT RIVER WITHIN THE LYUBYAZ","authors":"Anatolii Kondratiuk","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.336-348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.336-348","url":null,"abstract":"Geospatial modeling of the flood risk of the Pripyat river within the Lyubyaz water meter post is analyzed. An ensemble method was used, which demonstrated the effectiveness of flood modeling based on geographic information systems (GIS). The main examples of using flood modeling methods are presented. \u0000The world experience of flood modeling methods and their application for restoration of spaces in the structure of the settlement is analyzed. \u0000Their system-forming features and typological features have been determined within the Lyubyaz water meter post. The traditional system of flood modeling methods in the structure of the settlement consists of two main elements, they are forecasting and modeling and creation of forecast maps of flood probability. The flood hazard map was created by combining the flood probability map with the flood-causing factors. Flood probability maps have been constructed using the GIS-based ensemble method within the Lyubyaz water meter post.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126542523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODERN SEARCH FOR A FIGURATIVE SOLUTION FOR THE INTERIORS OF PUBLIC CATERING FACILITIES","authors":"N. Novoselchuk, L. Shevchenko","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.268-279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.268-279","url":null,"abstract":"Visiting public catering facilities acts as a social phenomenon, which is primarily due to cultural relationships. This turns ordinary food consumption into a process that brings taste, aesthetics and visual pleasure. \u0000The article notes that when developing the main idea, it is necessary to determine the audience that will be targeted by the public catering facilities. It is important to understand the characteristics of customers, such as solvency, taste preferences, average age, preferences. \u0000It is noted that the number of visits to the public catering facilities and a successful marketing strategy is influenced by customer focus; compliance with the requirements for comfort and hygiene; level of service and its constant maintenance. \u0000Modern tendencies in development of interiors public catering facilities are analyzed in the article. It is noted that the socio-economic transformations in society directly affect typology of the public catering facilities, influence their specificity and organization of interiors. The conception key role is ascertained, the basic thematic directions such as: geographical directions, aqueous motives, sport subjects, hunting themes, historical facts or personalities, cinematographic themes or heroes, ethnographic direction etc. are noted. When creating a general conceptual idea, the set-out of essential accents is substantial that can improve attendance. Emphasis can be placed on: a friendly atmosphere that promotes communication, gaining new experiences, an atmosphere of energy and inspiration, food choices, comfort, the opportunity to relax, entertainment while visiting, prestige, status. \u0000The development of the restaurant business requires a differentiated approach to the formation of the interiors of restaurants; based on modern requirements and trends. These requirements are designed to meet the social, aesthetic, physiological and spiritual needs of visitors. In general, it allows you to develop an original, expressive interior, the figurative solution of which is memorable. \u0000Method of evidential analysis and the empiric method are involved in the article. The presented recommendations can be used for creation of the interior design-conception of the public catering facilities.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123034300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION AND TRANSPORT IMPACT ON THE TERRITORIAL INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL FORMATIONS CREATION IN THE CITY","authors":"Y. Chovnyuk, Sergii Kozupytsia, Petro Cherednichenko, O. Ostapushchenko","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.349-357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.349-357","url":null,"abstract":"The issues of new territorial formations building typology that pay an important role in the innovation process in Ukrainian cities and megalopolises are considered. The existing ideas about the development factors of high-tech industries concentration areas are generalized. These are new elements in economic territorial structure. The main features of technological development centers different types in cities and megalopolises are described, which are created as a result of scientific technical and innovation policy. Terminology variety used in different countries was put in order. \u0000It is shown that the innovation process support has acquired special significance as a way for national and rational economy survival in the conditions of world markets dynamism, high technology and intensification of competition between the world’s leading powers. There are two fundamentally different genesis types of centers and areas that perform creative functions in the innovation process: naturally occurring and artificially created. Identifying their ratio, location and development factors of the formers and viability and dynamics assessment of others, their diversity reduction to generalized models that can be compared − an important research problem, which is partially solved in this article. \u0000In defining of “high technology industry” in this study used three criteria: 1) scientific and technical personnel number in the industry; 2) costs for research and development; 3) manufactured goods specifics. According to the authors of this work, one of the most important criteria are the costs for research and development. In this case the group of high-tech will include industries in which the share of research costs is above average for the entire industry. These are − pharmaceuticals, control equipment production and informatics, telecommunications, electronic components production, mechatronic control systems, aircraft construction, shipbuilding, rocket and space technology, robotics. \u0000The role of information and transport infrastructure on the technological regions location and development in cities and megalopolises is relieved in the work.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129537093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LANDSCAPE DIVERSITY OF THE NATIONAL DENDROLOGICAL PARK \"SOFIYIVKA\" OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE","authors":"L. Ruban","doi":"10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.87-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.87-99","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the landscape diversity of the historical garden and park landscape – the National Dendrological Park \"Sofiyivka\" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the city of Uman, Cherkasy region, founded in 1796-1800. In the classification of landscape gardening landscapes, developed by the Ukrainian landscape architect, doctor of biological sciences Rubtsov L.I., 6 types of landscapes are distinguished. The landscape of the NDP \"Sofiyivka\", as an object of landscape gardening art, belongs to the group of anthropogenic landscapes and is classified as a cultural, recreational, slightly modified landscape (historical core of the park) and modified landscape (Grekova and Lesnaya beams). On the territory of the arboretum, all types of landscape gardening landscapes are presented: forest, park, meadow, garden, regular, alpine landscapes. Most of the historical core of the park is occupied by the park landscape; the forest landscape has been preserved closer to the boundaries of the arboretum. The meadow landscape exists both at the bottom of the beams and in elevated places, such as on the Fungus lawn. The garden type of landscape is presented in the English Park, created in 1890 91 by Pashkevich V.V. and in a series of new monocultural gardens (of lilacs, magnolias, maples, chrysanthemums, dahlias, daylilies, hosts, etc.). The Kamyanka River is an alpine (or mountainous) type of garden and park landscape due to natural granite outcrops and shifted boulders. Examples of the regular landscape are the amphitheater, alleys, greenery protection strips, as well as the regularly planned area of the new entrance to the arboretum from the street Kyivskaya with a fountain and a rosary. These garden and park landscapes of the arboretum \"Sofiyivka\" are the most valuable natural ecosystem formations within the arboretum, which must be preserved and maintained accordance with the strategic principles of ecological unity and reproduction of natural resources.","PeriodicalId":319540,"journal":{"name":"Current problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129562396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}