FlatChem最新文献

{"title":"Surface functionalization of Ag-doped zirconium oxide layers for molecular alignment","authors":"Dong Wook Lee ,&nbsp;Dae-Shik Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ag-doped ZrO films were fabricated using a brush-based solution-coating process that integrated conventional film formation with alignment layer treatment in a single step. The films were doped with Ag at concentrations of 0, 10, and 20 wt%. Shear stress generated by brush-hair movements induced anisotropic micro- and nanogroove structures on the film surface, facilitating uniform liquid crystal (LC) alignment through geometric constraints. The LC alignment state was confirmed by polarized optical microscopy. The Ag-doped ZrO films exhibited a high polar anchoring energy of 1.82 × 10⁻³ J m⁻² and minimal hysteresis, indicating a weak image-sticking effect. Additionally, these films demonstrated an optical transmittance of 83.5 %, making them suitable for optoelectronic applications. Overall, Ag doping enhances the functionality of ZrO films as uniform LC alignment layers and broadens their potential for LC device applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100831"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting energy storage capacity: Transition metal-modified binary nickel hydroxide hydrate composites for supercapattery application","authors":"M. Pershaanaa ,&nbsp;N.K. Farhana ,&nbsp;Z.L. Goh ,&nbsp;Fathiah Kamarulazam ,&nbsp;J. Liew ,&nbsp;Shahid Bashir ,&nbsp;K. Ramesh ,&nbsp;S. Ramesh","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metal hydroxycarbonates are extensively studied in energy storage devices for their unique features: high redox activity, low polarization, better structural stability, and high energy features. Therefore, Cu<img>Ni, Mn<img>Ni, and Co<img>Ni carbonate hydroxide hydrate binary composites were synthesized as battery-grade electrode materials for supercapatteries, aiming to enhance conductivity through synergistic effects and tailored morphologies. The morphological modifications and their influence on the electrochemical performance have been systematically investigated. Copper-based nickel carbonate hydroxide hydrate (Cu@NCHH) composite grown on Ni-foam (NF) among the other pairs yields the highest specific capacity/specific capacitance of 736.50C g⁻¹/1486.38 F g⁻¹ owing to its highly exposed electroactive sites for rapid and better intercalation/de-intercalation of OH⁻ ions into the bulk material. Supercapattery fabricated by Cu@NCHH/NF coupled with activated carbon electrode (AC/NF) exhibits outstanding energy storage capacity (42.20 Wh/kg) with a maximum power density of 12.29 kW/kg. The device also displays a significant improvement in cycling performance up to 161 % over 1000 cycles and 97 % over 5000 cycles with almost 100 % coulombic efficiency. Overall, this work provides a facile and efficient method to produce highly performing binder-free binary nickel carbonate hydroxide hydrate composite (M@NCHH/NF) for supercapattery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100830"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143197770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering two-dimensional supramolecular self-assembly: The role of Cl atoms","authors":"Alisson Ceccatto ,&nbsp;Gustavo Ramon Campi ,&nbsp;Vanessa Carreño Diaz ,&nbsp;Eidsa Brenda da Costa Ferreira ,&nbsp;Natalie J. Waleska-Wellnhofer ,&nbsp;Eva Marie Freiberger ,&nbsp;Simon Jaekel ,&nbsp;Christian Papp ,&nbsp;Hans-Peter Steinrück ,&nbsp;Duncan John Mowbray ,&nbsp;Abner de Siervo","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On-surface synthesis is a powerful tool for engineering two-dimensional (2D) organic nanostructures by controlling intermolecular interactions between the building blocks. Herein, we explore the role of Cl adatoms in the synthesis and characterization of self-assembled 1,3,5-tris[4-(pyridin)-[1,1’-biphenyl]benzene (TPyPPB) networks on Ag(111), by combining scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT). In the absence of Cl, upon deposition at room temperature (RT), TPyPPB molecules form a highly ordered porous supramolecular network with triangular packing, stabilized by hydrogen bonds (N<span><math><mrow><mo>⋯</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>H). In the presence of Cl adatoms, sublimated onto the surface using dichloro-(1,10-phenanthrolin)-platin(II) (Cl₂PhPt) a second molecular precursor, we observe a so-called mixed phase or inverted packing, depending on the applied growth procedure. The mixed phase is characterized by a non-periodic structure stabilized by intermolecular interactions between TPyPPB, Cl₂PhPt, and Cl. In contrast, when only Cl adatoms and TPyPPB are present on the Ag(111) surface, a non-porous supramolecular arrangement is obtained, stabilized by C–H<span><math><mrow><mo>⋯</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>Cl hydrogen bonds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100808"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143197771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing coin-cell supercapacitors: Combining graphene foam with metal oxide composite electrodes for improved energy storage performance","authors":"Abdulmajid A. Mirghni ,&nbsp;Abubakar Dahiru Shuaibu ,&nbsp;Yuda Prima Hardianto ,&nbsp;Fatima Omar AL-Qwairi ,&nbsp;Arshad Hussain ,&nbsp;Syed Shaheen Shah ,&nbsp;Ncholu Manyala ,&nbsp;Md. Abdul Aziz","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development of a high-performance supercapacitor using a sodium cobalt oxide integrated with graphene foam (NaCoO₂@GF), PVA-KOH membrane, and activated carbon derived from jute sticks (JC). The NaCoO₂@GF/PVA-KOH/JC full-cell device operates effectively across a voltage range of 0 to 1.7 V, demonstrating excellent reversibility and efficient charge storage through diffusion-controlled redox reactions. The device exhibits energy density up to 36.2 Wh kg⁻¹ at 0.5 A g-1 and power densitie up to 7749.2 W kg⁻¹ at 10 A, as confirmed by GCD data, and shows improved electrochemical performance after stability testing, with enhanced ionic conductivity and electrode material activation. Notably, the NaCoO₂@GF/PVA-KOH/JC supercapacitor achieves nearly 100 % Coulombic efficiency over 10,000 cycles, maintaining a retention of about 87 % for most cycles before a slight drop to 83 %. These results demonstrate the superior performance and potential of this composite material for practical energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100829"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring how base model combination affects the results of a “stacking” ensemble machine learning model: An applied study on optimization of heteroatom doped carbon data","authors":"Krittapong Deshsorn ,&nbsp;Weekit Sirisaksoontorn ,&nbsp;Wisit Hirunpinyopas ,&nbsp;Pawin Iamprasertkun","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores stack models for electrochemical analysis, incorporating base models (decision trees, linear regression, and k-nearest neighbors) and a meta-model. It reveals that the order of stacking base models affects predictions, often yielding multiple solutions. To address this “uncertainty,” a novel “sorting” technique was applied during meta-model training. This approach significantly reduced model uncertainty, achieving the most accurate predictions and minimizing order deviations (mean absolute error of 37.92388; standard deviation reduced from 6.19 × 10⁻¹⁵ to 0). The refined model was applied to analyze synergies in electrochemical and material properties using feature importance tools, such as SHAP, Feature Permutation Importance (FPI), and Partial Dependence Plots (PDP). Key insights for heteroatom-doped carbon supercapacitors suggest maximizing surface area and nitrogen, sulfur, and boron doping while minimizing current density and acidic electrolyte concentration. Optimal oxygen and phosphorus doping levels were ∼ 15 % and ∼ 2.5 %, respectively. FPI ranked nitrogen &gt; surface area &gt; electrolyte concentration &gt; oxygen &gt; current density &gt; defect ratio &gt; sulfur &gt; boron &gt; phosphorus. PDP revealed that dual heteroatom doping (e.g., nitrogen and oxygen) may outperform doping with five heteroatoms. These findings enhance machine learning's reliability in materials science, offering pathways for efficient synthesis and optimization in two-dimensional materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into MXene-based materials for environmental applications: Performance, mechanisms, and future directions","authors":"Mahmoud A. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Safwat A. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Ashraf A. Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MXenes are 2D-layered transition metal carbides, carbonitrides and nitrides that have received considerable attention as promising materials for water purification systems. MXenes' unique layered structure allows for boosted performance, e. g., huge surface area and porosity, enhanced light harvesting, improved charge separation, tunable band gap energies, and the presence of abundant functional groups (i.e., hydroxyl, oxygen, fluorine, etc.) on layers' surfaces and terminals that make them perfect adsorbents and photocatalysts. However, the performance of native materials is hampered owing to hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals force, which cause the layers of pure MXenes to stack. In contrast, MXene-based heterostructures can hinder layer restacking and exhibit enhanced synergistic benefits. This review provides a comprehensive overview of MXene-based composite materials for adsorption and photocatalytic processes. It discusses the synthesis methods of MXenes and their composites, as well as the role of various additives and dopants in enhancing their performance. Furthermore, it explores the underlying mechanisms governing the adsorption and photocatalytic activity of MXene-based composites, including the impact of surface defects, functional groups, band structure engineering, and interfacial charge transfer processes. The review also addresses the challenges and prospects of MXene-based composites, along with potential strategies for improving their performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants on graphene nanoplatelet enhanced organic phase change material: A comparative thermal performance evaluation","authors":"N.K. Noran ,&nbsp;A.K. Pandey ,&nbsp;Jeyraj Selvaraj ,&nbsp;Norridah Amin ,&nbsp;B. Kalidasan","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change materials (PCM)s is the predominant substance that facilitates thermal energy storage (TES) in the form of latent heat. PCMs stores and releases thermal energy during phase transition, making it expedient to manage temperature fluctuation in TES systems. However, the application of PCMs in various industrial fields is limited due to their low thermal conductivity and low melting enthalpy. The inclusion of thermally conductive nano-fillers resolves the issue of low thermal conductance of PCMs. However, the effectiveness of nano-fillers inclusion is subjected to uniform dispersion without any agglomeration. Surfactants is required to enhance the overall effectiveness and performance of PCM nano composites by preventing phase separation and preserving the stability of the nano-filler that are dispersed in PCM matrix. RT44HC of organic PCM is selected has the advantage of high melting enthalpy (250 J/g) on the contrary suffers from poor thermal conductivity. Herein, this research investigates the thermal performance of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) nano-filler dispersed in RT44HC with anionic, cationic, and non-ionic surfactants to evaluate their performance in overcoming the issue of agglomeration. In this regard, four surfactants: sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as an anionic surfactant, cetyl tri-methyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a cationic surfactant, Tween 60 and gum Arabic as a non-ionic surfactant were investigated at varied weight fractions of 0.5 %, 0.7 %, and 1.0 % equivalent to that of nano-filler. A two-step synthesis with extensive ultrasonication was applied to reach a homogeneous mixture. The result shows that utilising GNP and SDBS surfactant in RT44HC demonstrates 103.33 % increase in thermal conductivity of PCM from 0.210 W/(m·K) to 0.427 W/(m·K). The improvement in thermal conductivity owing to well-developed thermal network channels facilitating thermal conductance. The melting enthalpy of RT44HC does not affect severely as it reduces 3.63 % for the optimum thermal conductivity nanocomposite. Furthermore, UV–Vis results were tremendous, as GNP lowered the light transmittance from 94.19 % to 17.77 %, indicates high absorbance capability. After 500 thermal cycles, the melting enthalpy remains stable within ±7.5 % uncertainty, indicating that the composite is reliable for long-term performance. Research highlights the RT44HC/GNP composite, with surfactant enhancement, as a promising candidate for medium-temperature solar thermal applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100828"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NIR-II cascade-driven synergistic photodynamic and photothermal cancer therapies via 5-aminolevulinic acid-functionalized titanium carbide hexagonal nanorods","authors":"Wu Yanlin ,&nbsp;Zhang Jingjing ,&nbsp;Abdul Wahab ,&nbsp;Zahoor Ahmad ,&nbsp;Kamran Ali ,&nbsp;Rahman Md Saidur ,&nbsp;M. Zubair Iqbal ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photo-stimuli-responsive therapeutic nanomaterials hold significant promise for advancing cancer treatment due to their innovative mechanisms of action. In this study, we present Ti₃C₂ hexagonal nanorods (HNRs) as a versatile platform for combined photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Ti₃C₂ HNRs were synthesized via a two-step process involving aluminum etching from Ti₃AlC₂ and subsequent hydrothermal treatment, yielding high-purity, uniform hexagonal nanorods with an average size of ∼50 nm. Functionalized with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and folic acid (FA) to enhance cancer cell targeting and therapeutic efficacy, the Ti₃C₂ HNRs demonstrated dual functionalities. The HNRs solution achieved a temperature of 65.4 °C under 1064 nm laser irradiation (1.5 W/cm², 250 μg/mL), suitable for PTT, compared to 45 °C under 808 nm laser irradiation (300 μg/mL), which was insufficient. Additionally, the Ti₃C₂-5-ALA-FA HNRs generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) under NIR laser irradiation, enabling PDT. This synergistic PTT-PDT approach achieved a 95 % cancer cell death rate, highlighting its potential for future in vivo studies and clinical applications as a transformative cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation, characterization, and in vitro release studies of multifunctional nanoformulations designed by functionalized graphene nanosheets with natural compounds","authors":"Khaled AbouAitah ,&nbsp;Yingjie Bu ,&nbsp;Mukesh Sharma ,&nbsp;Beom Soo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of graphene-based nanomaterials in nanomedicine continues to expand, particularly in drug delivery nanoplatforms that provide advantages like multifunctional designs, prolonged release of drugs, cancer targeting, etc. There is a lack of data to develop graphene nanosheets for natural compounds with anticancer properties. To achieve the targeted delivery system's final objective, we prepared two different types of nanosheets: nano-sized graphene (NG) and nanosized graphene oxide (NGO). They were functionalized with PEG-NH₂ and formulated with three natural anticancer compounds: piperine (PIP), artemisinin (ART), and emodin (EMO). Finally, folic acid-conjugated enteric coating (Eudragit S100 polymer) was achieved (ES100-FA). The enteric coating changed the mean size distribution of the two materials by less than 280 nm and all nanoformulations displayed negative zeta potential. The PEG-NH₂ nanosheets demonstrated a high drug loading rate, loading capacity, and entrapment efficiency. Compared to ART nanoformulations (&lt; 24 h), PIP and EMO-nanoformulations showed long-term sustained release throughout 96 h, according to in vitro drug release experiments. The release profiles of PIP, ART, and EMO-based nanoformulations showed a pH-dependent release effect and different release properties. This developed system showed the potential of graphene nanosheets to construct multifunctional nanoplatform and sustain the release of plant-derived natural therapeutic compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100824"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of BiOI/Bi2Fe4O9 heterojunction for visible-light-activated antibacterial: Photocatalytic sterilization of one plus one is greater than two","authors":"Song Li ,&nbsp;Jinhua Li ,&nbsp;Zdenek Sofer ,&nbsp;Li Tao ,&nbsp;Huaijuan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flatc.2025.100823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Semiconductor photocatalysts with narrow band gaps are usually handicapped in scenarios involving visible-light photocatalytic sterilization due to the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, sluggish carrier transfer kinetics, and limited reaction active sites. To address these issues, heterojunction engineering was employed to construct heterojunction photocatalyst by coupling two visible-light-activated layered photocatalysts (i.e., an n-type layered BiOI semiconductor and a p-type layered Bi₂Fe₄O₉ semiconductor) for pathogen photoinactivation, aiming at achieving “one plus one is greater than two” photocatalytic antibacterial effect. The bacterial survival rates for single BiOI and Bi₂Fe₄O₉ irradiated under visible light for 60 min were 54.4 % and 55.8 %, respectively. In contrast, the flower-like BiOI/Bi₂Fe₄O₉ heterojunction with optimized component ratio possessed the lowest bacterial survival rate (2.2 %), indicating that the antibacterial activity of the coupled heterojunction photocatalyst is more than twice that of each single component photocatalyst. The instrumental results and density functional theory calculations reveal that the synergistic effect among (i) high sunlight absorption from two visible-light-activated photocatalysts, (ii) high specific surface area from the two layered materials and flower-like nanostructure, and (iii) the formation of the built-in electric field at the interface of BiOI/Bi₂Fe₄O₉ heterojunction contributes to boosting photocatalytic antibacterial performance. Finally, we elucidate the mechanism behind the improved charge separation and transfer kinetics, •O₂⁻ and •OH production, and photocatalytic sterilization activity. This work offers a novel material design concept of “one plus one is greater than two”, which may pave the way for the development of heterojunction photocatalysts for wastewater treatment and purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":316,"journal":{"name":"FlatChem","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100823"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}