The American journal of clinical nutrition最新文献

{"title":"A proinflammatory state is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in the elderly.","authors":"A. Gori, A. Corsi, S. Fedi, A. Gazzini, F. Sofi, B. Bartali, S. Bandinelli, G. Gensini, R. Abbate, L. Ferrucci","doi":"10.1093/AJCN/82.2.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/AJCN/82.2.335","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The mechanism by which high circulating homocysteine concentrations are a risk factor for atherothrombosis is incompletely understood. A proinflammatory state is related to atherosclerosis, and recent studies suggest that acute phase reactants correlate with circulating concentrations of homocysteine.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000We determined whether high concentrations of inflammatory markers are associated with hyperhomocysteinemia independently of dietary vitamin intakes, vitamin concentrations, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a large, representative sample of the general population.\u0000\u0000\u0000DESIGN\u0000Five hundred eighty-six men and 734 women were randomly selected from the inhabitants of 2 small towns near Florence, Italy.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000After adjustment for multiple potential confounders, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) concentrations were significantly (P < 0.001) associated with plasma homocysteine concentrations in older (>65 y) populations. Compared with participants in the lowest IL-6 tertile, those in the highest tertile had a higher risk of having homocysteine concentrations that were high (>30 micromol/L; odds ratio: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 5.6; P = 0.024) or in the intermediate range 15-30 micromol/L (odds ratio: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.2; P = 0.0014). Sedentary state, intakes of vitamin B-6 and folic acid, and serum folate, vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and alpha-tocopherol concentrations were significant independent correlates of homocysteine.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000High circulating concentrations of IL-1ra and IL-6 are independent correlates of hyperhomocysteinemia and may explain, at least in part, the association between homocysteine and atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123805422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbal and Traditional Medicine, edited by Lester Packer, Choon Nam Ong, and Barry Halliwell, 2004, 941 pages, hardcover, $199.95. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY.","authors":"N. Farnsworth","doi":"10.1093/AJCN/82.2.490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/AJCN/82.2.490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128484380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to CJ Kelly","authors":"D. Grassi, C. Lippi, S. Necozione, G. Desideri, C. Ferri","doi":"10.1093/AJCN/82.2.487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/AJCN/82.2.487","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125276895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origins and evolution of the Western diet: implications of iodine and seafood intakes for the human brain.","authors":"Stephen C Cunnane","doi":"10.1093/ajcn/82.2.483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/82.2.483","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"483; author reply 483-4"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ajcn/82.2.483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25237828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of vitamin C.","authors":"Linda Massey","doi":"10.1093/ajcn/82.2.488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/82.2.488","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"488; author reply 489"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ajcn/82.2.488","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25237829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding and risk of inflammatory bowel disease.","authors":"E. Klement, S. Reif","doi":"10.1093/AJCN/82.2.486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/AJCN/82.2.486","url":null,"abstract":"The recently published study by Baron et al (1) certainly sheds new light on the association between breastfeeding and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study, which was conducted with the use of excellent methods, fulfills the criteria for the best-quality category in the meta-analysis we recently published (2). Incorporating the results of this study into the pooled estimate calculation would diminish the significant results of protective breastfeeding on Crohn disease (CD) [Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio (ORMH): 0.62; 95% CI: 0.27, 1.43] and would not affect significantly the summary estimate of the protective association between breastfeeding and ulcerative colitis (ORMH: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.91). However, more important than its effect on the pooled estimate was the high heterogeneity that is implied from its inclusion in the CD studies (P 0.001, chi-square heterogeneity test). In our study, the effects found by all of the studies had high heterogeneity, but this may have been partly attributed to the differences in studies quality, with heterogeneity in the highest-quality studies that showed no statistical significance. Inclusion of the study by Baron et al as one of the highest-quality studies implies high heterogeneity in this group as well. Why some studies show a significant protective effect of breastfeeding while others show no effect or even suggest that breastfeeding is a risk factor for CD is an enigma that may have several possible explanations. One explanation relates to the different genetic characteristics of the studies’ populations. The highest-quality studies reviewed by us were all conducted in Sweden or North America; the study conducted by Baron et al was performed in northern France. It was previously shown that the genetic background of the population has a significant influence on the effect of some risk factors. A good example is the lack of effect of smoking on the development of CD in Jewish populations as opposed to other populations (3). The second explanation relates to the fact that CD may be regarded as a cluster of diseases that have the same manifestations but that are caused by different etiologies (4). Thus, the heterogeneic effect of breastfeeding on CD may relate to its different interactions with the yet unknown various etiologies of this disease. The third explanation suggested by Jantchou et al may also account for the discrepancy between this study’s findings and those of previous studies; the components of breast milk in northern France may differ significantly from the components of breast milk in less industrialized areas. Baron et al are the first investigators to implicate breastfeeding as a risk factor for CD. This, however, is not the only new finding of this study. The observed association between some vaccinations and CD in this study is also novel. This observation and the high rate of CD in this area suggest that the population of this study is unique either in its environmental exposure","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125485644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to L Massey","authors":"J. Hathcock, B. Frei, Stephen Lawson, C. Johnston","doi":"10.1093/AJCN/82.2.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/AJCN/82.2.489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123551680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term calcium supplementation does not affect the iron status of 12-14-y-old girls.","authors":"Christian Mølgaard,&nbsp;Pernille Kaestel,&nbsp;Kim F Michaelsen","doi":"10.1093/ajcn.82.1.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn.82.1.98","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Single-meal studies have established that calcium has an acute inhibitory effect on the absorption of iron. However, there is growing evidence that high calcium intakes do not compromise iron status.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We evaluated whether long-term calcium supplementation taken with the main meal affected biomarkers of iron status in adolescent girls with high requirements of both iron and calcium.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of supplementation with 500 mg Ca/d for 1 y among 113 adolescent girls aged 13.2 +/- 0.4 y at enrollment. Participants were advised to take the supplement with their evening meal, which usually contributes the majority of dietary iron. Iron status was assessed at baseline and after 1 y of supplementation by measuring hemoglobin and serum concentrations of ferritin and transferrin receptors (TfRs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (+/-SD) hemoglobin at enrollment was 134 +/- 9 g/L, geometric mean serum ferritin was 26.3 microg/L (interquartile range: 18.6-39.4 microg/L), and serum TfR was 4.19 mg/L (3.52-5.10 mg/L). Daily calcium supplementation had no effect on the least-squares mean concentrations of iron-status markers adjusted for their baseline values (hemoglobin: 136 and 134 g/L, P = 0.31; ferritin: 25.4 and 26.1 microg/L, P = 0.73; TfR: 4.1 and 4.4 mg/L, P = 0.12; and the ratio of TfR to ferritin: 160 and 161 in the calcium and placebo groups, respectively; P = 0.97).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although it remains to be shown in iron-deficient persons, long-term iron status does not seem to be compromised by high calcium intakes.</p>","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"98-102"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ajcn.82.1.98","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25175469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet-quality scores and plasma concentrations of markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.","authors":"Teresa T Fung,&nbsp;Marjorie L McCullough,&nbsp;P K Newby,&nbsp;Joann E Manson,&nbsp;James B Meigs,&nbsp;Nader Rifai,&nbsp;Walter C Willett,&nbsp;Frank B Hu","doi":"10.1093/ajcn.82.1.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn.82.1.163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endothelial dysfunction is one of the mechanisms linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We assessed the association between several diet-quality scores and plasma concentrations of markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Diet-quality scores on the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Diet Quality Index Revised (DQI-R), Recommended Food Score (RFS), and the alternate Mediterranean Diet Index (aMED) were calculated by using a food-frequency questionnaire that was administered in 1990 to 690 women in the Nurses' Health Study (ages 43-69 y, no cardiovascular disease or diabetes). Blood collection was completed in the same year. We used regression analysis to assess the associations between these diet-quality scores and plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, E-selectin, soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1, and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The various diet-quality scores were significantly correlated with each other; correlation coefficients ranged from 0.56 to 0.80 (all P values < 0.0001). After adjustment for age, body mass index, alcohol intake, physical activity, smoking status, and energy intake, the HEI and DQI-R were not significantly associated with any of the biomarkers, whereas the AHEI and aMED scores were associated with significantly lower concentrations of most biomarkers. The RFS was significantly associated with a lower concentration of E-selectin only. C-reactive protein concentrations were 30% (P < 0.05) and 24% (P < 0.05) lower in the top than in the bottom quintile of the AHEI and of the aMED, respectively</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher AHEI and aMED scores were associated with lower concentrations of biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction and therefore may be useful as guidelines for reducing the risk of diseases involving such biological pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"163-73"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/ajcn.82.1.163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25177083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Issues of Clinical Nutrition","authors":"D. Porte","doi":"10.1093/AJCN.82.1.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/AJCN.82.1.205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":315016,"journal":{"name":"The American journal of clinical nutrition","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121546080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}