Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to heat and humidity and infant birth size in Ghana.","authors":"Aalekhya Reddam, Mohammed Nuhu Mujtaba, Cascade Tuholske, Seyram Kaali, Kenneth Ayuurebobi Ae-Ngibise, Blair J Wylie, Danielle N Medgyesi, Ellen Boamah-Kaali, Andrea A Baccarelli, Oscar Agyei, Steve N Chillrud, Kwaku Poku Asante, Darby W Jack, Alison G Lee, Sulemana Watara Abubakari","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies - primarily in high income countries - have shown that high prenatal temperatures are associated with adverse birth outcomes. However, these studies are mostly focused on average exposure across the full gestational period or short-term exposure immediately prior to delivery and may miss important sensitive windows of exposure in utero. Further, nearly all use ambient air temperature data, which neglect physiologically important interactions between air temperature and humidity. The Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS) recruited pregnant individuals from 2013 to 2015 from communities in the Kintampo North Municipality and Kintampo South District of Ghana. We estimated daily maximum shaded wet bulb globe temperature (WBGTmax) and heat index (HImax) during pregnancy and examined associations with birth weight, birth length, head circumference, and incidence of low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age. Using linear regression analyses, trimester average models identified that higher WBGTmax in the first trimester was associated with larger head circumference; second trimester was associated with shorter birth length, lower birth weight and higher odds of preterm birth, and third trimester was associated with shorter gestational age and larger head circumference. Time-varying analyses using distributed lag nonlinear models find that, compared to the median, lower WBGTmax and HImax (25th percentile) during the first half of pregnancy was associated with higher birth weight and longer birth length. Compared to the median, lower WBGTmax and HImax (25th percentile) in the second half of pregnancy was associated with smaller head circumference while higher wet bulb globe temperature (75th percentile) was associated with larger head circumference. Overall, our study identified that higher WBGTmax and HImax are associated with pregnancy duration and newborn size. Given the overall trend in our study area of rising temperatures, these data suggest that adaptation strategies are urgently needed to protect child health.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120557"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air gap membrane distillation for nutrient and water recovery from marine culture wastewater for improved water reclamation.","authors":"Dian Qoriati, Yen-Kung Hsieh, Sheng-Jie You, Ya-Fen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Valuable nutrients such as ammonium and phosphate exist in teensy concentrations in marine-culture wastewater (MCW), causing their recovery challenging with inefficient conventional methods. Air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) is systematically explored for the first time to recover nutrients and pure water from low-nutrient MCW. This study assessed the AGMD performance in resource recovery by conducting a thorough investigation and optimization of various parameter conditions. Concerning the findings, AGMD satisfactorily inhibits ammonia transfer from the feed stream to the permeate stream by optimizing operating parameters specifically feed temperature and pH. A higher feed temperature improves water recovery, and feed pH is critical in nutrient recovery. In particular, high pH promotes the transformation and transport of ammonia through the membrane, whereas low pH inhibits ammonia transport, encouraging the creation of pure water. Maintaining an acidic feed solution decreases membrane fouling by increasing the solubility of calcium phosphate, hence boosting water recovery. Nevertheless, higher pH levels encourage fouling by allowing solid phosphate particles to form more readily. While at lower pH, ammonium phosphate fertilizers might be generated in the retentate solution by improving NH₄⁺ and PO₄^3- recovery under optimal conditions. The findings reveal that the AGMD system provides a novel method for treating MCW while also improving nutrient and pure water recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120578"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental impacts of fish cage cultures in the southern Caspian Sea.","authors":"Jafar Azizpour, Ahmad Manbohi, Reza Rahnama, Ali Hamzepour, Kazem Darvish Bastami, Hosein Bagheri, Mehrshad Taheri, Hossein Farjami, Ali Mehdinia","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last two decades, cage culture industries have developed in Iranian seas, supplying a portion of the needed protein and contributing to food security. In this paper, environmental impacts of cage culture are investigated, focusing on the physical, hydrodynamical, chemical, geological, and biological oceanographic aspects at the Abbas Abad fish farm in the southern Caspian Sea. Multidisciplinary field measurements were conducted from fall 2018 to late summer 2019 in different oceanographic aspects. Results showed that the cages have not significantly affected the hydrodynamics and physical parameters of the aroundwater, and have actually caused a slight decrease in current speed within a few 10 m of the cage. The maximum levels of inorganic phosphates, total phosphorus, total organic phosphorus, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, total nitrogen, silicate, BOD₅ and COD were 22 ppb, 34.91 ppb, 26.92 ppb, 6 ppb, 103.69 ppb, 69.5 ppb, 1423.99 ppb, 679.06 ppb, 1.9 mg/l, 80 mg/l respectively. The water quality is considered safe and not concerning based on levels of phosphate, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, BOD₅, and COD. Also, planltonic (phyto and zooplankton) and benthic communities and benthic around the cages were the same with sourounding waters. This paper presented comprehensive information about the effects of cage culture farms on the surrounding waters of the Caspian Sea.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120574"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the structural transformation mechanism of fulvic acid on redox capacity during composting with different biowastes.","authors":"Chuanyan Zhang, Zhigang Yi, Xing Peng, Xinyu Zhao, Yating Chen, Beidou Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fulvic acid (FA) derived from composting functions can act as electron shuttle, facilitating and expediting the redox reaction during the composting process. However, limited research has been conducted on the redox capacity and structural transformation of FA during composting with different biowastes. The Fe (II) production quantity of the single S. oneidensis MR-1 (MR-1), MR-1 with FA derived from lignocellulose-rich and lignin-rich composting after 300 h inoculation were up to 2.28, 3.67 and 2.52 mmol/L, indicating the redox capacity of FA in lignocellulose-rich composts was stronger than that in lignin-rich composting. Furthermore, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy revealed that FA derived from lignocellulose-rich composting exhibited a layer-by-layer structure, characterized by aromatic functional groups and other groups. In contrast, FA obtained from lignin-rich composting displayed an arrangement where the inner aromatic functional groups were obstructed by the methyl group. The structural equation model revealed that the high relative abundance and aromatic functional groups of FA derived from lignocellulose-rich composting process exert a direct influence on the reduction of Fe (III)-citrate, and the methyl groups of FA obtained from lignin-rich composting process also directly linked to the reduction of Fe (III)-citrate. The present study thus posited that the quantity of aromatic functional groups within outer of FA structure during composting constituted a crucial factor influencing its redox capacity. The findings offer novel insights into the transformation mechanism of FA derives from diverse biowastes and its redox characteristics, thereby providing significant guidance for the application of FA in mitigating environment pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120539"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective carbon footprint assessment strategy in fly ash geopolymer concrete based on adaptive boosting learning techniques.","authors":"Yakubu Sani Wudil, Amin Al-Fakih, Mohammed A Al-Osta, M A Gondal","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In light of the growing need to mitigate climate change impacts, this study presents an innovative methodology combining ensemble machine learning with experimental data to accurately predict the carbon dioxide footprint (CO₂-FP) of fly ash geopolymer concrete. The approach employs adaptive boosting to enhance decision tree regression (DTR) and support vector regression (SVR), resulting in a robust predictive framework. The models used key material features, including fly ash concentration, fine and coarse aggregates, superplasticizer, curing temperature, and alkali activator levels. These features were tested across three configurations (Combo-1, Combo-2, Combo-3) to determine optimal predictor combinations, with Combo-3 consistently yielding the highest predictive accuracy. The performance of the developed models was assessed based on standard metric indicators like mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), Nash Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and correlation coefficient between the predicted and actual CO₂-FP. Results demonstrated that the Adaboost-DTR model with Combo-3 configuration achieved the best performance metrics during testing (CC = 0.9665; NSE = 0.9343), outperforming both standalone and other ensemble models. The findings underscore the value of feature selection and boosting techniques in accurately estimating CO₂ emissions for sustainable construction applications. This research offers remarkable benefits for policymakers and industry stakeholders aiming to optimize concrete compositions for environmental sustainability. The results support future integration with IoT systems to enable real-time CO₂ monitoring in construction materials. Finally, this study establishes a foundation for developing efficient CO₂-FP emission management tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120570"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive assessment of straw returning with organic fertilizer on paddy ecosystems: A study based on greenhouse gas emissions, C/N sequestration, and risk health.","authors":"Keqi Zhao, Xichen Zhao, Liuqin He, Nanyi Wang, Ma Bai, Xiaobing Zhang, Ge Chen, Anwei Chen, Lin Luo, Jiachao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High greenhouse gas emissions and soil deterioration are caused by the overuse of chemical fertilizers. To improve soil quality and crop productivity, it is necessary to utilize fewer chemical fertilizers to achieve sustainable agriculture. Organic substitution is a scientific fertilization strategy that will benefit future agricultural productivity development, little is known about how it affects the heavy metal content and trace gas emissions in rice grains. A field experiment using straw return to the field (SRF), organic fertilizer application (OFA), and their combination (SRF/OFA) fertilization strategies. The results demonstrated that SRF, OFA, and SRF/OFA increased the yield by 19.40%, 22.39%, and 28.36% than the natural growth control group (NG). The OFA has the highest STN stock and SRF/OFA has the highest STN sequestration rate, while SRF achieved the highest SOC stock and sequestration rate. The OFA reduced CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O emissions by 17.73%, 71.87%, and 86.06%, resulting in a minimum global warming potential and greenhouse gas intensity yield among these strategies. Cumulative seasonal CO₂ and CH₄ emissions were negatively correlated with soil paddy soil C/N and C/P (P < 0.05). Moreover, Cu, Cd, and Pb contents in grain were reduced by 66.18%-70.31%, 35.45%-40.91%, and 76.62%-77.92%, respectively. The health risk evaluation revealed that all metals had a target hazard quotient of <1, except for NG. The hazard index (0.42-0.53), which measures the additive effects of contaminants, exceeded the threshold. The implementation of the organic alternative strategy can reduce the trend of increasing surface pollution, slow down the excessive utilization intensity of agricultural resources, and encourage the development of a greener, more sustainable agricultural way.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120519"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the influence of green space morphological spatial pattern on urban waterlogging: A case study of a highly-urbanized city.","authors":"Wenli Zhang, Suixuan Qiu, Zhuochun Lin, Zhixin Chen, Yuchen Yang, Jinyao Lin, Shaoying Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The extensive expansion of impervious surfaces encroaches on green spaces and causes frequent urban waterlogging disasters. Previous studies have focused mainly on the influence of green space landscape pattern on waterlogging, with less attention given to green space morphological spatial pattern (MSPA). MSPA can be used to differentiate various types of land use morphologies from a microscopic perspective and reveal visualized spatial characteristics. Therefore, this study selected Shenzhen, a city with serious waterlogging problems, as the study area. The anthropogenic/natural environments and green space morphological spatial pattern were considered. Pearson correlation analysis and random forest regression were combined to investigate the influence of these drivers on the density of waterlogging hotspots and quantify the degree of importance for each driver. The results were supplemented with explanations using SHapley Additive exPlanations and Partial Dependence Plots. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that green space morphological spatial pattern, the proportion of green spaces, and the proportion of impervious surfaces were the dominant drivers. Additionally, the random forest regression showed that incorporating green space morphological spatial pattern and average tree height as potential drivers could strengthen the model's goodness-of-fit. While the proportion of impervious surfaces, the proportion of green spaces, and population density were important drivers, the green space morphological spatial pattern, specifically the \"loop\", \"edge\", and \"core\", was even more crucial and had an optimal design range. Therefore, green space morphological spatial pattern should be emphasized during the planning of \"sponge cities\" to maximize the ability of green spaces to mitigate waterlogging. In summary, our findings are expected to provide feasible suggestions for waterlogging control and green space planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120561"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative microalgae technologies for mariculture wastewater treatment: Single and combined microalgae treatment mechanisms, challenges and future prospects.","authors":"Jinjin Zhao, Licheng Peng, Xiangmeng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The discharge of aquaculture wastewater, comprising nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, and antibiotics from large-scale aquaculture, poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems and human health. Consequently, addressing the treatment of marine aquaculture wastewater is imperative. Conventional physicochemical treatment methods have various limitations, whereas microalgae-based biological treatment technologies have gained increasing attention in the field of water purification due to their ability to efficiently absorb organic matter from mariculture wastewater and convert CO₂ into biomass products. Microalgae offer potential for highly efficient and cost-effective mariculture wastewater treatment, with particularly noteworthy advancements in the application of combined microalgae technologies. This paper explores the research hotspots in this field through bibliometric analysis and systematically discusses the following aspects: (1) summarizing the current pollution status of mariculture wastewater, including the types and sources of pollutants in various forms of mariculture wastewater, treatment methods, and associated treatment efficiencies; (2) analyzing the factors contributing to the gradual replacement of single microalgae technology with combined microalgae technology, highlighting its synergistic effects, enhanced pollutant removal efficiencies, resource recovery potential, and alignment with sustainable development goals; (3) exploring the mechanisms of pollutant removal by combined microalgae technologies, focusing on their technical advantages in bacterial-algal coupling, immobilized microalgae systems, and microalgal biofilm technologies; (4) discussing the challenges faced by the three main categories of combined microalgae technologies and proposing future improvement strategies to further enhance their application effectiveness. In conclusion, this paper offers a detailed analysis of these emerging technologies, providing a forward-looking perspective on the future development of microalgae-based mariculture wastewater treatment solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120560"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mn oxide-modified biochars with high adsorption capacity for Pb(II) in wastewater: Preparation and adsorption mechanisms.","authors":"Jiabo Wang, Hongxia Zhu, Yue Hu, Laigang Hu, Zeming Wei, Yan Ying Li, Xinglu Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence of excessive levels of bivalent plumbum (Pb(II)) in wastewater poses a notable threat to both human health and ecological safety. In this study, orthogonal experiments were conducted to prepare coprecipitation-modified biochar (C-BC) and impregnation pyrolysis-modified biochar (I-BC) via potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) for removing Pb(II) from wastewater. Three types of modified biochars (BCs) (Mn-BCs) namely, C-BC₄₀₀, I-BC₄₀₀, and I-BC₇₀₀, were selected as high-efficiency adsorbents on the basis of their high removal rates (87.2%, 88.0%, and 91.2%, respectively) for 400 mg/L Pb(II) solutions. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)‒energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis results indicated that Mn elements were distributed only on the outer surfaces of the C-BC₄₀₀ particles but occurred on the outer surface and were stably embedded in the I-BC₄₀₀ and I-BC₇₀₀ particles. Compared with those of the pristine (BCs), the Pb(II) adsorption rates of C-BC₄₀₀, I-BC₄₀₀, and I-BC₇₀₀ increased by factors of 3.75, 2.09, and 5.70, respectively. The Pb(II) adsorption capacities of C-BC₄₀₀, I-BC_400, and I-BC₇₀₀ (182.28, 133.16, and 69.25 mg/g, respectively) were significantly greater than those of the pristine BCs produced at 400 °C (45.43 mg/g) and 700 °C (40.71 mg/g). The excellent adsorption ability of Mn-BCs for Pb(II) depends on various adsorption mechanisms, including complexation, electrostatic attraction, surface adsorption, and ion exchange. These results suggest that Mn-BCs exhibit high application potential in the remediation of Pb(II)-contaminated wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120553"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One health: Subchronic exposure to low ambient hydrogen sulfide increases mortality of influenza A virus infection in mice.","authors":"Dong-Suk Kim, Wahed Firoz, Cristina M Santana Maldonado, Phillip C Gauger, Abigail Weir, Nicole Baumgarth, Wilson K Rumbeiha","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2024.120536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The environment plays an important role in modulating susceptibility and severity of respiratory tract infections. Influenza is a significant zoonotic disease globally. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), a respiratory tract irritant and toxic gas, is ubiquitous in the environment. The interaction of environmental H₂S exposure and influenza is unknown. In this pilot study we tested the hypothesis that subchronic exposure to ambient H₂S worsens the outcome of influenza A virus (IAV) infection in mice. Male C57BL6 mice were exposed either to room air (RA), or to 5 or 10 ppm H₂S for 2 h, 5 days a week for 5 weeks, followed by a single exposure either to phosphate buffered saline (sham) or a sublethal IAV intranasal dose of 10 plaque-forming units and observed for up to 28 days post inoculation (DPI). 10 ppm H₂S alone suppressed growth. Mice challenged with IAV following exposure to 5 or 10 ppm H₂S were most severely affected and euthanized on DPI 6 to 7 or DPI 4, respectively. In contrast, mice exposed to RA and challenged with IAV only showed minor weight loss. Viral titer in lung homogenates was 11-fold higher in mice pre-exposed to 5 ppm H₂S and challenged with IAV compared to the RA-IAV group on DPI 3. BALF concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 cytokines were significantly higher in mice exposed to H₂S and challenged with IAV compared to sham groups. Lung pathology was most severe in mice exposed to H₂S and challenged with IAV. Collectively, the study shows that mice subchronically exposed to low levels of H₂S overly reacted to a nonlethal dose of IAV, suffering severe lung injury and mortality. This suggests that communities and workers subchronically exposed to ambient H₂S concentrations used in this study or higher are at higher risk for developing very severe IAV infections and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"120536"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}