Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"Pesticides in soils as a source of residues in food after two years conversion to organic farming","authors":"Albrecht Benzing ,&nbsp;Hans-Peter Piepho ,&nbsp;Waqas A. Malik ,&nbsp;Maria R. Finckh ,&nbsp;Peter Fantke","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pesticide residues in organic food can stem from non-intentional contamination or from fraudulent practices. The purpose of this study is to develop a pattern that allows to differentiate soil-derived pesticide residues in organic food from other sources. Using datasets from Germany for 90 pesticides, we tested four hypothesis concerning the statistical connection between sold quantities of pesticides, residues in soil and food, and chemical properties of the concerned substances. In a second step, based on rotational crop studies we identified, <em>which</em> pesticides could play a role as a source of residues in organic food, and tried to find a pattern for this purpose through principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Residues in soils are statistically connected to sold quantities and persistence in soil, but not to recommended application rates. Residues in food are significantly connected to residues in soil, but not to sold quantities nor to chemical properties associated with uptake of chemicals from soil. According to rotational crop studies, 21 out of 90 chemicals could possibly cause residues in organic food after the farm has undergone two years conversion, while for 69 chemicals this is unlikely. Using five variables, the PCA and LDA yield equations that allow to identify “possible” cases with an error rate of 1.5 % only, while the rate for “unlikely” is 71.4 %. We conclude that pesticide residues in soil are only a minor cause of residues in organic food. Our multi-step decision tree allows to identify cases where this could play a role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121769"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of nanobubbles on fouling control in phosphorus water distribution systems: Performance and mechanism investigation","authors":"Yan Shen ,&nbsp;Lei Li ,&nbsp;Siyuan Tan ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus water distribution system (PWDS) serves as an efficient carrier for phosphorus utilization across various fields. However, fouling formation commonly occurs in PWDS, leading to a range of technical and economic issues. This study evaluates the potential of nanobubbles (NBs) for controlling fouling, particularly phosphorus fouling, in PWDS. The results indicate that NBs inhibited fouling accumulation, resulting in an overall reduction of 8.7–42.9 %. Specifically, NBs appeared to adsorb cations (e.g., calcium ions) in the water due to their negative charged, resulting in a reduction of hydroxyapatite precipitation in fouling by 35.7–84.0 %. Meanwhile, NBs facilitated the transformation of calcite into loosely structured aragonite, which reduced the calcium precipitation content by 7.3–54.7 %. NBs can also induce particle aggregation and settling through enhanced coagulation, leading to a reduction in humic acid phosphate content by 31.5–40.7 % and silicate particle content by 10.8–47.9 %, respectively. In summary, this study elucidates how NBs influence and control phosphorus fouling as well as other types of fouling, providing valuable insights for the development of environmentally friendly and effective fouling control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121780"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphate-modified biochar attenuates cadmium availability in contaminated soil and reduces its transfer to tomato fruits","authors":"Rachida Naciri ,&nbsp;Mohamed Chtouki ,&nbsp;Loubna El Maalam ,&nbsp;Hafsa Hirt ,&nbsp;Doha Belkachach ,&nbsp;Abdallah Oukarroum","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal for plant growth and development. Biochar has been proposed as an effective approach to increase immobilized cadmium fractions in soil and reduce its availability and accumulation by plants. In the present study, the enrichment of biochar with water-soluble polyphosphate (PLB) was tested to assess its ability to modify cadmium immobilization capacities in soils compared with standard biochar (SB) and orthophosphate enriched biochar (OLB) under Cd stress. In a pot experiment, the impact of these three biochar forms (SB, PLB, and OLB) on soil properties, soil Cd fractions, photosynthesis, tomato plant growth, yield, fruit quality, and nutrient uptake was assessed under two levels of Cd (0, and 5 mg kg⁻¹). The obtained results showed that the enrichment of biochar with both forms of phosphorus fertilizers (orthophosphate and polyphosphate) significantly and positively impacted P and K contents in the final enriched biochar compared to SB. Results demonstrate that applying PLB under cadmium stress significantly increased phosphorus availability in soil (+32 %) and reduced Cd exchangeable fraction compared to the SB and OLB treatments. These findings suggest that, under cadmium stress, the slow-release properties as well as the organometallic chelation and precipitation capacities of the PLB can help in improving phosphorus, calcium, and iron uptake by plants and reducing Cd uptake and translocation to the shoot tissues, which resulted in significant enhancement of plant photosynthesis efficiency (PI_abs: +144 %), shoot dry biomass (+117 %), and fruit yield (308 %) and quality, compared to standard biochar. Therefore, the enrichment of biochar with polyphosphate fertilizers could be proposed as an efficient strategy to enhance plant growth, physiology, and nutrition and mitigate cadmium stress and toxicity in contaminated soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121775"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic pellets in Arctic marine sediments: a common source or a common process?","authors":"France Collard ,&nbsp;Ingeborg G. Hallanger ,&nbsp;Carolin Philipp ,&nbsp;Dorte Herzke ,&nbsp;Natascha Schmidt ,&nbsp;Ådne Hotvedt ,&nbsp;Kristin Galtung ,&nbsp;Tom Arne Rydningen ,&nbsp;Lucio Litti ,&nbsp;Giulia Gentili ,&nbsp;Katrine Husum","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic consumption is increasing, and millions of tonnes of plastic are released into the oceans every year. Plastic materials are accumulating in the marine environment, especially on the seafloor. The Arctic is contaminated with plastics, including microplastics (MPs, &lt;5 mm) but occurrences, concentrations and fate are largely unknown. This study aimed at assessing whether MPs accumulate at greater water depths in the Barents Sea, and close to the Longyearbyen settlement, and at understanding the ubiquity and source of a specific type of collected pellets. Surface sediments were collected at seven stations around Svalbard with a box-corer, and three replicates were taken at each station. MPs were extracted through density separation with saturated saltwater. Many pellets were found, and their composition was assessed by pyrolysis-GC/MS. Procedural blanks were performed using field blanks as samples to assess the overall contamination. The composition of all extracted particles was then analysed by μRaman spectroscopy. On average, 3.61 ± 1.45 MPs/100 g (dw) were found. The sea ice station, after blank correction, was more contaminated and displaying a different profile than the other stations, and the deepest station did not show the highest MP concentrations but rather the opposite. Sediments close to Longyearbyen were not more contaminated than the other stations either. Dark pellets of similar aspect were found at all stations, raising the question about a possible common source or process. These pellets were made of several plastic polymers which varied in proportion for each pellet, suggesting a common process was at the origin of those pellets, potentially marine snow formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121770"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of complexation between biochar-derived dissolved organic matter and two typical heavy metals by a multi-spectral technique","authors":"Enjuan Cao ,&nbsp;Baoqing Shan ,&nbsp;Wenqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) is important in the migration and transformation of heavy metals (HMs) within aqueous environments by directly influencing their morphologies and environmental behavior. This study systematically investigated the binding characteristics and mechanisms between biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (BDOM) and heavy metals (Pb(II)/Cd(II)) using multi-spectroscopic techniques. BDOM extracted from four biochar types (pig manure, cow manure, corn stalk, and sewage sludge) was characterized by UV–Vis, EEM-PARAFAC, SFS, FTIR, and 2D-COS analyses. Results revealed that BDOM primarily consisted of three humic-like components and one protein-like component, with sewage sludge BDOM exhibiting the highest fluorescence intensity. Metal titration experiments demonstrated stronger fluorescence quenching for Pb(II) (log<em>K</em>_M = 3.89–5.15) than Cd(II), though the Ryan-Weber model only successfully fitted Pb(II) binding parameters. 2D-COS analysis identified polysaccharides as the primary binding sites, followed by aliphatic compounds. Notably, despite their low abundance, protein-like components and non-fluorescent polysaccharides played significant roles in HMs binding. These findings provide molecular-level insights into the source-dependent interactions between BDOM and HMs, offering a theoretical basis for predicting HMs mobility and transformation in biochar-amended environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121774"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the impact of light-absorbing impurities on radiative forcing and snowmelt in the Ili Basin in Central Asia","authors":"Biao Wu ,&nbsp;Na Wu ,&nbsp;Gulnura Issanova ,&nbsp;Yongxiao Ge ,&nbsp;Jiayu Chen ,&nbsp;Ayinigaer Adili ,&nbsp;Jilili Abuduwaili ,&nbsp;Mukhiddin Juliev","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light-absorbing impurities (LAIs), such as mineral dust (MD), organic carbon (OC), and black carbon (BC), deposited in snow, can reduce snow albedo and accelerate snowmelt. The Ili Basin, influenced by its unique geography and westerly atmospheric circulation, is a critical region for LAI deposition. However, quantitative assessments on the impact of LAIs on snow in this region remain limited. This study investigated the spatial distribution of LAIs in snow and provided a quantitative evaluation of the effects of MD and BC on snow albedo, radiative forcing, and snowmelt duration through sampling analysis and model simulations. The results revealed that the Kunes River Basin in the eastern Ili Basin exhibited relatively high concentrations of MD. In contrast, the southwestern Tekes River Basin showed relatively high concentrations of OC and BC. Among the impurities, MD plays a dominant role in the reduction of snow albedo and has a greater effect on the absorption of solar radiation by snow than BC, while MD is the most important light-absorbing impurity responsible for the reduction in the number of snow-melting days in the Ili Basin. Under the combined influence of MD and BC, the snowmelt period in the Ili Basin was reduced by 2.19 ± 1.43 to 7.31 ± 4.76 days. This study provides an initial understanding of the characteristics of LAIs in snow and their effects on snowmelt within the Ili Basin, offering essential basic data for future research on the influence of LAIs on snowmelt runoff and hydrological processes in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121768"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots embedded in silanized cellulose nanofibers: A ensitive and ustainable platform for uranium detection and remediation","authors":"Sharmistha Samota ,&nbsp;Reetu Rani ,&nbsp;Manpreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Suvankar Chakraverty ,&nbsp;Anupama Kaushik","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of uranium ions in groundwater in Northern India has raised serious health concerns, including increased cancer cases. This study introduces a novel solution using a hydrothermal method to synthesize highly fluorescent and stable carbon dots (CDs) from <em>Kalanchoe pinnata</em>. These CDs were embedded in silanized cellulose nanofibers (SCNFs) to create an eco-friendly dual-functional adsorbent and fluorescent probe (SCNFs@CDs) for the remediation of UO₂²⁺ ions. Characterization confirmed the successful integration of CDs, preserving the nanofibrous structure necessary for stability and recovery. SCNFs@CDs demonstrated a strong affinity for UO₂²⁺ ions, even amid competing ions, evidenced by a linear decline in the fluorescence intensity at 360 nm when increasing the concentration, achieving a low limit of detection of 1.64 nM. Adsorption investigation demonstrated pseudo-second order with a maximal adsorption capacity of 196.07 mg g⁻¹, signifying chemisorption. Remarkably, SCNFs@CDs maintained 87 % adsorption efficiency after five cycles of use. Our findings underscore the potential of SCNFs@CDs as an effective, and sustainable solution which can be used both for UO₂²⁺ ions sensing and adsorption from aqueous media, contributing to eco-friendly water purification technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121755"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Country-level antibiotic risk assessment in the multiple environmental matrices based on decennial data","authors":"Dafang Zhou ,&nbsp;Linpeng Chen ,&nbsp;Fuyang Huang ,&nbsp;Bingshuang Yan ,&nbsp;Zikun Zhou ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Liu ,&nbsp;Faqin Dong ,&nbsp;Dong Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The overuse of antibiotics has led to widespread environmental detection. However, country-level antibiotic risks from a global perspective remain unclear, highlighting a crucial need for antibiotic management worldwide. This study elucidated a global assessment of antibiotic detection frequencies and concentrations across various countries, compared detection levels of antibiotic classifications across compartments in representative countries, and conducted a risk assessment based on predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) for antibiotic resistance and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) relevant to microbial nitrogen cycling. A decennial dataset comprising 431,441 records for 137 antibiotics across eight environmental compartments in 45 countries was analyzed. Results showed that Kenya (199 %) had the highest cumulative detection frequencies of four aqueous media. Wastewater from WWTPs (mean: 19.7 ng/L) and animal manure (mean: 2.6 μg/kg) exhibited the highest levels in aqueous and solid media, respectively. From sources to receptors, the highest antibiotic detections and concentrations were found in wastewater from WWTP, where quinolones dominated in France and the USA, and sulfonamides in Kenya (175−357 detections, median: 137−580 ng/L). Similarly, in surface water, sulfonamides were significant in Kenya and Vietnam, quinolones in Kenya (290−2049 detections, median: 32−70 ng/L). From the perspective of cumulative risk, Malaysia, China, and Canada are ranked the top three for both PNECs risk (81 %–191 %) and MICs risk (211 %–236 %). Whether for PNECs or MICs, sulfonamides are the most exceedance-prone antibiotic class across countries and also the highest-risk antibiotic class (median: 33 %). According to the total risk results from different countries, Malaysia (402 %) has the highest risk, followed by Canada (317 %) and China (315 %). The highest antibiotic risks were observed in Asia (medium SDG score), followed by Europe and the Americas (high SDG score), and Africa (low SDG score).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121762"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of coastal phytoplankton communities to herbicide exposure: enhanced resistance coupled with reduced resilience","authors":"Yunsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Ziang Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiukai Song ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Jiang ,&nbsp;Jiuqiang Xiong ,&nbsp;Shaoguo Ru ,&nbsp;Liqiang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal ecosystems face increasing anthropogenic disturbances, making the survival strategies of phytoplankton communities under stress a critical issue in marine ecology. The community rescue theory suggests that exposure history can enhance phytoplankton's ability to withstand lethal stress, though the mechanisms remain unclear. This study utilized two-phase mesocosm experiments to simulate exposure history and lethal pressures. By combining tolerance and heritability tests, the mechanisms by which exposure history enhanced phytoplankton tolerance were investigated. The results demonstrated that: (1) Exposure history enhanced the community tolerance threshold to atrazine through ecological (the relative abundance of dinoflagellates increased by 13.6–66.4 %) and plastic processes (the EC50 of sensitive populations increased by 12.3–114.9 %). And this enhancement was positively correlated with exposure intensity but accompanied by suppression of community biomass. (2) Rescue was more likely to occur in large-scale communities, suggesting that high biomass was a prerequisite for populations/communities to survive the period of biomass collapse. Our findings aligned with the observation in in situ marine environments: long-term exposure to herbicides enhanced community tolerance (EC50 from 97.19 ± 6.8 nmol L⁻¹ to 115.5 ± 7.8 nmol L⁻¹) and delayed the collapse of communities under lethal pressure. However, this acquired tolerance was not heritable, and rescue still led to the loss of nearly half of rare taxa, potentially hindering the community's ability to withstand other environmental stressors. Our findings elucidate how phytoplankton communities achieve rescue through structural reorganization, providing crucial theoretical underpinnings for disturbance assessment in coastal ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121734"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rise in wetland carbon uptake linked to increased potential evapotranspiration","authors":"Jiankun Chen ,&nbsp;Zhuangsheng Tang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Kang ,&nbsp;Nianpeng He ,&nbsp;Mingxu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precisely assessing wetland net ecosystem productivity (NEP) is important for accurately evaluating global carbon budgets. However, constrained by the quality of observational data and insufficient understanding of driving mechanisms, assessments of China's wetland NEP still have considerable uncertainties. Therefore, this study assessed continuous observations from 30 eddy covariance flux towers across various wetland types in China and applied the random forest (RF) model to simulate the spatiotemporal dynamics of China's wetland NEP. The results showed that from 1982 to 2020, China's wetlands represented a net C-CO₂ sink overall, with an average NEP of 21.61 ± 0.04 mg C m⁻² h⁻¹ and annual net C-CO₂ absorption of 56.23 Tg C. Riverine and coastal wetlands had the highest NEP, while freshwater marshes had the lowest. From 1982 to 2020, the wetland NEP in China exhibited a significant increasing trend. Further analysis indicated that potential evapotranspiration (PET) is the main driving factor behind the significant increase in NEP in China's wetlands, with a clear threshold effect: NEP rises with PET up to a certain point (e.g., 160 mm), after which it declines. This study accurately quantified the spatiotemporal dynamics of China's wetland NEP and revealed the critical impact of PET on NEP, thus providing a new perspective for performing wetland carbon cycle research and formulating climate change mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121778"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}