Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the toxicity of traffic-derived air pollution using a primary human air-liquid interface airway in vitro model.","authors":"Gerrit Bredeck, Tina Wahle, Angela A M Kämpfer, Jochen Dobner, A John F Boere, Paul Fokkens, Evert Duistermaat, Tim Spannbrucker, Andrea Rossi, Flemming R Cassee, Roel P F Schins","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traffic-derived air pollution (TDAP) frequently exceeds the 2021 World Health Organization air quality guideline levels and is linked to respiratory diseases through molecular mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation. To determine these mechanisms without relying on animal models and inter-species extrapolation, physiologically relevant human in vitro models are promising tools. We sought to investigate the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses to TDAP in a co-culture model of the human lung. Additionally, we aimed to examine the variability arising from different exposure days and across primary human in vitro models from different donors. Therefore, primary human bronchial epithelial cultures from three donors, each combined with primary alveolar macrophages, were exposed to a continuous flow of ambient TDAP from a high-traffic street in Düsseldorf, Germany on three consecutive days. A versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system was used to increase the fine particulate matter levels from 8 to 42 μg/cm² to 54-143 μg/cm². Gene expression of four oxidative stress markers and four inflammatory cytokines was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Compared to incubator controls, even low airflow itself induced the expression of the oxidative stress marker heme oxygenase 1 and the cytokines interleukin 8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. TDAP exposure, compared to clean air controls, upregulated interleukin 6 in one of the three co-cultures. Because TDAP exposure had minimal effects, exposure day-specific responses could not be discerned. In four of twelve genes, we observe exposure-independet donor differences. Transcriptomic analysis suggested TDAP-induced differential expression of four lung disease-related genes which, however, could not be confirmed by qRT-PCR. Higher TDAP concentrations or repeated exposures may be required to detect robust effects in this system. Our findings highlight inter-donor variability, underscoring the need for larger donor panels. Future studies should also minimize background effects from airflow to enhance model reliability for real-time TDAP exposure studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122399"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-manganese synergistic enhanced denitrification in slow-release carbon-based fillers: Mechanisms and performance.","authors":"Zhiyuan Wang, Lei Tan, Xingxiang Zhang, Gang Wen, Xiaojie Chen, Baoshan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Agricultural waste offers economic and environmental benefits as a slow-release carbon source for denitrification; however, its inherent release of ammonia nitrogen limits its effectiveness. In this study, a novel solid-phase slow-release carbon filler was developed by doping Fe₃O₄ and MnO₂ oxides into a corn cob matrix. Experimental results showed that the CC-Fe&Mn group achieved nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen removal rates of 98.52 % and 85.09 %, respectively, with significantly improved efficiency and the shortest reactor startup time. Mechanistic analysis indicated that the Fe-Mn oxides acted as both electron acceptors and electron shuttles by (1) facilitating electron transfer through Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ and Mn⁴⁺/Mn²⁺ redox cycles, (2) establishing a nitrification-denitrification synergistic pathway to enhance nitrogen removal, and (3) suppressing ammonia nitrogen release via metal ion coordination (reduction rate: 29.6 %). This filler effectively addressed the ammonia release issue associated with traditional agricultural carbon sources, providing a cost-effective and functionally improved solution for low C/N wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122494"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mercury biomagnification patterns in boreal and subarctic lake food webs.","authors":"Alexander J Piro, Natalia Kozak, Ossi Keva, Emmi S Eerola, Katja Kulo, Timo J Ruokonen, Jan Weckström, Tommi Malinen, Mikko Kiljunen, Sami J Taipale, Kimmo K Kahilainen","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change and land use are significant pressures on northern environments with the potential to influence mercury (Hg) biomagnification in lake food webs. How this process may differ along a north-south gradient, defined by simultaneously changing environmental characteristics, has not been thoroughly explored. Lake food webs, from primary producers to top predators, from 19 subarctic and 16 boreal lakes in Finland were tested for total Hg (THg) biomagnification through the linear regression of THg content (log₁₀[THg]) and trophic level derived from δ¹⁵N. Climate, productivity, lake, and catchment variables were combined and assessed in a principal component analysis (PCA), and the first three principal components (PC) (71.1% of overall variability) were individually regressed with regional trophic magnification slopes (TMS), and mercury baselines ([THg] baseline). PC1 (climate-productivity), PC2 (water bodies), and PC3 (catchment metrics) were used in stepwise multiple linear regression models to assess the combined influence of PCs on regional TMS and [THg] baseline. Subarctic TMS and [THg] baseline were positively and negatively important, respectively, along a climate-productivity gradient (PC1). The stepwise model for subarctic TMS included PC1 and PC2, which explained 42.3% of variation, while the model for boreal TMS included all three PCs, which explained 35.4% of variation. The notable complexity of influences on boreal lakes makes modelling and future predictions challenging for this region, while the ongoing and simultaneous influences of climate warming and land use intensification in the subarctic region suggest lower TMS in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122352"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly porous biochar engineered from agricultural waste for efficient removal of sulfonylurea herbicides in aqueous systems.","authors":"Wei Wang, Haoyu Shi, Haojie Shi, Tatyana V Fedorova, Olga A Glazunova, Liangang Mao, Lan Zhang, Lizhen Zhu, Chi Wu, Xingang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pesticide contamination in aquatic environments, particularly due to sulfonylurea herbicides, has become a growing concern. Herein, a highly porous biochar was synthesized using potassium bicarbonate (KHCO₃) as a green activating agent through a one-step pyrolysis and acid washing process. Among the different samples, KBC-6 exhibited the highest specific surface area (3548.8 m² g^-1), the greatest defect density, and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. As a result, KBC-6 demonstrated impressive adsorption capacities of 227.5 mg g^-1 for bensulfuron-methyl (BSM) and 195.9 mg g^-1 for nicosulfuron (NIC) at 298 K. The adsorption process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and was well-described by the Freundlich model, with physical mechanisms, including pore filling, hydrogen bonding, and π-π interactions, contributing 49.4 % and 52.7 %, 15.7 % and 13.6 %, and 25.6 % and 23.9 % for BSM and NIC, respectively. KBC-6 achieved high removal efficiency of BSM and NIC across a wide range of conditions, including pH 5-9, 0.1 M anions, 10 M ionic strength, and 0-100 mg L^-1 humic acid. After six regeneration cycles, KBC-6 maintained over 72.3 % removal efficiency. Fixed-bed column tests showed treatment volumes of 244.16 BV for BSM and 222.93 BV for NIC, and the treated effluent did not affect soybean root growth or fresh weight, indicating its safety. These results suggest that KHCO₃-activated biochar provides a cost-effective and eco-friendly solution for removing sulfonylurea herbicides from polluted water.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122523"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144797776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and microstructural enhancement of coal gangue backfill using polypropylene fiber and silica fume.","authors":"Ji Yang, Xiangdong Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Lijuan Su","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The brittle failure characteristics of backfill materials have limited their engineering applications. Herein, we propose a novel synergistic enhancement strategy to improve these characteristics. We prepared coal gangue-based backfill material (SGBS-PsFs) using industrial solid waste carbide slag to activate coal gangue powder and slag, to which polypropylene fibers (PP) and silica fume (SF) were introduced for synergistic enhancement. The workability, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), splitting tensile strength (STS), and peak strain of the SGBS-PsFs were then analyzed using macroscopic tests. Digital image correlation and super depth microscopy were used to investigate the damage mechanism and three-dimensional state of the fracture surfaces. Various microscopic techniques were also used to characterize the material. The results indicate that the incorporation of PP and SF was negatively correlated with the flowability of the SGBS-PsFs. In addition, excessive addition affected the material's workability. The synergistic use of PP and SF significantly enhanced the UCS, STS, and peak strain by 37.94 %, 42.26 %, and 47.17 %, respectively. Notably, PP more effectively improved the STS, whereas SF enhanced the UCS. The synergy between PP and SF promoted the material's transition from tensile failure to a combined tensile-shear failure mode, increased the number of damage cracks, and enhanced the roughness of the fracture surfaces. Microscopic analyses indicate that SF optimized the density and pore structure of the SGBS-PsFs matrix, increased the C-S-H gel content, and improved interfacial bonding and stress transfer between PP and the matrix. The combined use of PP and SF exhibited a coupling effect. The substitution of the material developed herein for cement-based backfill material offers environmental benefits, as its use would reduce costs and carbon emissions. The findings of this study provide technical support and a theoretical basis for utilizing industrial solid waste to prepare novel cementitious materials for engineering applications that incorporate environmental protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122547"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Effects of mercury exposure in three Amazonian agricultural plant species and the impact on bacterial population in soil\".","authors":"Maria J Rodriguez-Pascual, Claudia Vega, Natasha Andrade, Luis E Fernández, Shih-Huai Cheng, Birthe Kjellerup, Alba Torrents","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Amazonian region of Madre de Dios in Peru is highly impacted by mercury (Hg) emissions from Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) in the Amazon rainforest. Peru adopted soil screening levels (SSL) for Hg in agricultural soil (6.6 mg kg-1) to protect the environment and human health from Hg exposure based on regulations adopted by Canada without considering research on native plant and animal species. To close the knowledge gap on Hg toxicity in Amazonian plant species, we studied the impact of Hg exposure on the survival, growth, and health of three Amazonian agricultural plant species commonly used in the local population's diet: aji dulce, sacha culantro, and uncucha. Experiments were conducted growing the three plant species studied in pots with soil spiked with Hg to concentrations ranging from 2 to 100 mg kg^-1 (dry weight). At the end of the experiments, adverse plant health effects, such as mortality, reduction in root length, and above-ground weight, were found in aji dulce and uncucha plants after exposure to every Hg concentration tested, and mortality was found in sacha culantro plants after exposure to 50 and 100 mg kg^-1 of Hg. The lowest observable concentration of Hg affecting the plant's health was 2 mg kg^-1, three times lower than the SSL for Hg in agricultural soil established in the Peruvian regulation. The results of the study suggest that a review of this SSL would be necessary for developing appropriate environmental and human health risk assessments in areas impacted by ASGM in the Amazon region.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122469"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and child health: The growing burden of climate-related adverse health outcomes.","authors":"Paula Reichelt, Anne Schumacher, Nicole Meyer, Ana Zenclussen","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is increasingly recognized not only as an environmental issue but also as a major public health threat, becoming more evident through the rising frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Immediate exposure to climate-related hazards-such as extreme heat, wildfires, storms, and floods-results in direct health impacts, while indirect effects emerge through ecosystem disruptions and socioeconomic shifts. Climate change can introduce or intensify health risks in regions that were previously unaffected. Effective monitoring of climate-related health developments enables public health systems to respond rapidly, potentially preventing outbreaks or crises. Furthermore, it allows data-driven public health planning based on forecasts for future health burdens and prioritization of vulnerable populations. This review focuses on children and adolescents as especially vulnerable targets of climate change, as well as the impacts of the climate crisis on pregnancy, a particularly critical period for child development. Both communicable and non-communicable diseases are projected to increase with global warming, with infectious diseases often spreading acutely following climate-related disasters. We report here that in addition to the effects of extreme weather on the physical and mental health of children, the perception and psychological processing of climate change by young people and its significance for mental and emotional integrity are gaining attention within the scientific community. Additionally, synergistic effects of weather extremes with environmental pollution are increasingly well documented, raising concern among environmental researchers. Finally, current research and relevant literature demonstrate the decisive influence of social background on vulnerability to climate-related health impacts, and how climate change is likely to further exacerbate existing inequalities in the future. A continuous and comprehensive analysis of climate-related health hazards facilitates evaluation of adaptation or mitigation efforts and helps to strengthen climate-resilient health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122502"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-efficiency mix design for molybdenum tailings autoclaved aerated concrete: A statistical and multiscale investigation of proportions and microstructure.","authors":"Xiuyuan Yu, Jian Wei, Wei Gao, Zhushan Yang, Xueting Li, Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is valued for its lightweight, insulating, and load-bearing capabilities, yet high-efficiency optimizing density and strength remains challenging. Efficient design of tailings-based AAC now requires considering synergistic effects among multiple variables, as single-variable control has become inadequate. To address this gap, this study systematically investigates the synergy among lime-cement ratio (LCr), calcium-silica ratio (CSr), and water-solid ratio (Wr) in AAC produced with molybdenum tailings as the primary siliceous resource. Single- and two-factor ANOVA combined with principal component analysis revealed that adjusting these parameters significantly influences dry density, compressive strength, and gas-release kinetics. Characterization analyses further confirmed that fostering well-crystallized tobermorite while limiting low-crystallinity carbonates is crucial to improving porosity and strength. Results indicate that an appropriate Wr effects slurry fluidity, yielding balanced density and strength. Meanwhile, excessive lime content prolongs foaming time, leading to increased C-S-H and disordered carbonates, which undermine mechanical performance. Overall, this integrated approach provides a data-driven pathway to high-performance AAC from molybdenum tailings, optimizing density-strength trade-offs with minimal resource consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122521"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144797775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to 'A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of environmental heat exposure on cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes mellitus in low- & middle-income countries' [Environ. Res. 282 (2025) 121980].","authors":"Shahab Ali Siddiqui, Sokhna Thiam, Credo Houndodjade, Peninah Murage, Ana Bonell","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"285 Pt 3","pages":"122372"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic insights into the changes of runoff water quality in a deep tunnel drainage system.","authors":"Yibing Li, Lu Dai, Lixun Zhang, Xuewu Shen, Xiaomei Zhang, Yuanjing Yang, Yuntao Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deep tunnel retrofitting of conventional urban drainage systems represents a pivotal strategy for mitigating stormwater pollution and combating flooding. While microbial-driven biogeochemical cycles in stormwater are constrained by taxonomic diversity and environmental variability, the interplay between hydrogeochemical dynamics and microbial functional genes during storage remains poorly characterized. In this study, an in situ stormwater self-purification system was constructed to investigate seasonal water quality evolution, microbial community dynamics, and functional gene regulation in Shenzhen, China. Compared with continuous rainfall events, initial postdrought stormwater events resulted in significantly elevated pollutant loads. Dissolved organic matter analysis revealed that endogenous contaminants accounted for 76 % of the total contaminants, characterized by high microbial bioavailability and low humification after 14 days of storage. The storage of samples favors the enrichment of functional microorganisms such as Plancomycetota, Verrucomicrobiota and Proteobacteria. A quantitative assessment of 62 functional genes linked to carbon (C)/nitrogen (N)/sulfur (S) cycling identified temperature, oxidation‒reduction potential ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen as critical drivers of microbial community succession and gene abundance. N cycle genes presented heightened sensitivity to environmental fluctuations, with increased stability and metabolic activity observed in wet season samples. Comparative analysis demonstrated that deep tunnel samples presented more stable functional gene profiles and enriched microbial consortia relative to their surface counterparts. These findings elucidate the mechanistic relationships between hydrogeochemical variables and microbial functional resilience in stormwater storage systems. This work advances the process-level understanding of biochemical cycles mediated by C, N and S transformations, offering actionable insights for optimizing urban drainage infrastructure and microbial-mediated pollution control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122509"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144797778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}