Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"Experimental evaluation, backpropagation neural network prediction and bibliometric analysis of bioelectricity production from agricultural wastes by microbial fuel cell.","authors":"Chao Gao, Yi He, Xikai Chen, Miaomiao Zhao, Wei Han, Xiaomeng Fang, Ziyang Zhang, Jingang Huang, Huanxuan Li, Xiaobin Xu, Pingzhi Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a two-stage bioprocess combining enzymatic hydrolysis and a microbial fuel cell (MFC) was established to evaluate electricity generation from three agricultural wastes (mushroom sticks, rice husks and bamboo shavings). The highest glucose concentration of 4 g/L was obtained in the mushroom sticks hydrolysate. However, rice husk hydrolysate produced the highest power density of 26.02 mW/m² at a current density of 29.45 mA/m². The calorific value of the rice-husk hydrolysis residue (18.662 MJ/kg) was comparable to that of the original rice husks (19.424 MJ/kg), suggesting potential for further energy recovery through combustion. The backpropagation (BP) neural network model could be used to predict the MFC power density with the mean square error (MSE) of 0.0166 and the correlation coefficient (R) of 0.8917. Bibliometric analysis revealed that the volume of publications and citation frequency in the field of biomass-MFC technology exhibited distinct phased growth from 2006 to 2025, indicating that research outcomes continued to attract significant academic attention and the influence of core literature accumulated steadily. The research focus shifted from a singular emphasis on power generation to the resource-oriented and environmentally synergistic utilization centered on biomass. The results obtained from this study could contribute to renewable energy and circular economy by recycling agricultural wastes.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125950"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single biochar application enhances soil methane sink and underlying microbial mechanisms in a subtropical forest after twelve years of treatments.","authors":"Haikun Wu, Wensheng Xiao, Xinyue Li, Manlin Fu, Cheng-Yuan Xu, Xiaoqi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biochar is an effective amendment for enhancing soil carbon sequestration and regulating soil greenhouse gas emissions, such as methane (CH₄), yet its decadal-scale effects in forest ecosystems remain unclear. Here, based on a 12-year field experiment in a subtropical forest where biochar was applied once at rates of 0 (CK), 10 (Bio10), and 30 t ha^-1 (Bio30), we monitored in-situ CH₄ fluxes over one year and simulated daily soil CH₄ fluxes using a Soil Methanotrophy Model (MeMo). Combined with laboratory incubations and metagenomic absolute quantification sequencing, we found that a single biochar application enhanced the soil CH₄ sink even after twelve years, in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with CK, Bio10 increased the annual cumulative CH₄ uptake by 24.9% (P < 0.05), although its mean annual CH₄ uptake flux showed no statistically significant increase (10.3%). In contrast, Bio30 significantly increased both the mean annual flux and annual cumulative uptake by 56.0% and 76.4%, respectively. Biochar addition significantly increased soil extractable organic carbon (EOC) contents, but significantly decreased ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) content (P < 0.05). Furthermore, relative to CK, Bio30 increased methanotrophic abundance (e.g., pmoA gene abundance) by 56.5% and methane oxidation potential by 170.5%. Biochar did not significantly alter the overall methanotrophic community structure. Structural equation modeling revealed that biochar enhanced methane oxidation potential directly, and indirectly through increasing soil EOC contents, and methanotrophic abundance, thereby promoting CH₄ uptake (total effect = 0.60). In summary, a single application of 30 t ha^-1 biochar still exerts a significant enhancement of the soil CH₄ sink in subtropical forest soils twelve years after application. These findings provide critical scientific evidence for evaluating the long-term climate mitigation benefits of biochar in forest ecosystems and offer theoretical support for nature-based strategies to enhance forest soil CH₄ sinks.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125968"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lignosulfonate-derived sulfur functionalization of bimetallic Ni/Co-MOF for effective removal of Hg(II) from wastewater.","authors":"Yu Zhou, Fan Zheng, Mingzhu Dai, Gangyi Sun, Dayu Tian, Bowen Guo, Huiping Bai, Xiangjun Yang, Li Li, Shixiong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high toxicity and persistence of mercury (Hg(II)) severely threaten the safety of aquatic environments. In this study, a strategy based on sodium lignosulfonate (Na-LS) functionalized Ni/Co-MOF was proposed, successfully constructing a series of sulfur-doped lignin-MOF composite adsorbents (LS-Ni/Co-MOF). The introduction of Na-LS enabled efficient sulfur doping, which significantly enhanced the Hg(II) adsorption performance of the resulting composites. Batch adsorption experiments at 298 K showed that the Langmuir model calculated the maximum Hg(II) adsorption capacity of 0.5-LS-Ni/Co-MOF, 0.75-LS-Ni/Co-MOF, and 1-LS-Ni/Co-MOF to be 781.7, 799.7, and 802.1 mg g^-1, respectively, with equilibrium attained within 60 min at an initial concentration of 100 mg L^-1. Furthermore, LS-Ni/Co-MOF exhibited highly selective adsorption toward Hg(II) over various competing ions, including Ca(II), Al(III), Pb(II), Cd(II), Mg(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), and Mn(II). The K_d values for Hg(II) reached 349237.3, 450760.9 and 471704.5 L g^-1 for 0.5-LS-Ni/Co-MOF, 0.75-LS-Ni/Co-MOF, and 1-LS-Ni/Co-MOF, respectively. After five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, the Hg(II) removal efficiency remained above 70%. Dynamic column tests showed a 50% breakthrough time of 3120 min, demonstrating great potential for practical application. In real wastewater, the materials achieved a removal efficiency of 90% for Hg(II). Finally, Spectroscopic analysis and DFT calculations revealed that the adsorption mechanism involves a coordination interaction between the surface hydroxyl and sulfonate groups and Hg(II). This work provides a promising materials design pathway for the functional utilization of lignin and the purification of heavy metal-contaminated wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125949"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile Surface Hydrophobic Modification of Rice Husk for Efficient Crude Oil Emulsion Separation.","authors":"Wentao Ma, Jingwei Yang, Hanjun Liu, Xuebin Jiang, Baiyun Jin, Yu Ding, Fan Ye, Weixing Tang, Yuanzhu Mi, Xuemin Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Commercial demulsifiers are mainly polyethers derived from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, with hazardous and complex production routes. Rice husk (RH), a renewable agricultural by-product with abundant cellulose, lignin and surface oxygen-containing groups, is a promising hydrophilic substrate for biomass demulsifiers. However, the reported RH-based demulsifiers generally need harsh synthesis conditions, and investigations into their interfacial mechanisms are still superficial. In this work, an RH-based demulsifier (RHPB) was prepared via a relatively mild one-step surface hydrophobic modification of RH with 1-bromooctadecane (C18Br). Its structure and surface morphology were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, ¹³C NMR, SEM, and N₂ adsorption-desorption analysis. Bottle test results revealed that RHPB attained a demulsification efficiency (DE) of 89.7% within 40 min and 95.2 % after 180 min at a dosage of 600 mg/L. In addition, RHPB exhibited good salt and pH tolerance, achieving 99.7% of DE, particularly under strongly alkaline conditions. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the critical role of RHPB in regulating intermolecular non-covalent forces (dominated by hydrogen bonding) at the interface was revealed. RHPB forms HBs with water molecules through its oxygen-containing functional groups, competitively displacing water molecules originally bound to asphaltenes. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic long chains create steric hindrance effects that assist interfacial reconstruction, thereby effectively weakening the strength of the asphaltene-constructed oil-water interface (OWI) film. Owing to the low cost, naturally abundant feedstock, RHPB represents a sustainable alternative to traditional polyether demulsifiers for W/O emulsion remediation. This study provides a valuable strategy for designing demulsifiers by tuning the amphiphilicity of modified rice husk.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125971"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privileged in-situ deposited MnO_x mediates efficient inorganic nitrogen removal during the treatment of actual mine-tailing wastewater in single-chamber microbial electrolysis cells.","authors":"Zhuo Gai, Weining Li, Qiang Wang, Xiao Jiang, Liping Huang, Gianluca L I Puma","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sustainable, cost-effective and stable single-chamber microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) for the treatment of typical actual mine-tailing wastewater (MTW) containing ternary components of dissolved manganese, inorganic nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N) meeting the China national discharge standards of pollutants from the rare earths industry are demonstrated over 100 days fed-batch operation. The MECs inoculated with anammox granular sludge initially induced Mn removal and privileged the in-situ deposition of oxygen vacancies (O_v) rich nanoscale manganese oxides (MnO_x) over the graphite felt electrodes. The deposited MnO_x mediated, more preferentially, the biotic (rather than the electrochemical) conversion of inorganic nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N: 91.3%; NO₃^--N: 92.3%; total N: 93.6%) with a 100% selectivity to N₂, achieving appreciable increments (NH₄⁺-N: 54.5-fold and 1.3-time; NO₃^--N: 3.4-time and 5.1-fold; total N: 8.7-fold and 1.9-time) over the abiotic controls and the open circuital conditions, respectively. The nitrogen removal processes were driven more influentially by bioanodic oxidation due to the greater variety of nanoscale MnO_x deposited over the bioanodes presenting greater O_v. Moreover, the harboring of higher cytochrome b and riboflavin within the bioanodic extracellular polymeric substances with more exoproteins contributed to these processes, besides the properties of specific bioanodic and biocathodic microbial communities. The calcination of the MnO_x deposited bioelectrodes and their reuse, confirmed a solid framework for further system development. Overall, this study explores new cost-effective and stable processes for treating actual MTW (containing dissolved manganese, NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N) with simultaneous recovery/reuse of manganese, contributing to the sustainability of mineral mining and processing industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125929"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Projected burden of cold spell-attributable Parkinson's disease mortality among older adults in China under climate change and population ageing.","authors":"Huan Zheng, Songwang Wang, Yujie Meng, Jia Zhao, Qing Guo, Mulei Chen, Chaonan Wang, Yiming Hu, Shuo Zhan, Qiang Chen, Rui Zhang, Jing Wu, Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Population ageing may amplify cold-related health risks under climate change, particularly for older adults with Parkinson's disease (PD). We developed a climate-ageing projection framework to estimate the burden of cold spell-attributable PD mortality in China by integrating national mortality data, climate projections, and demographic forecasts. We analyzed 59,384 PD deaths among adults aged 60 years and older in China mainland during 2013-2020 using a time-stratified case-crossover design. Cold spells were associated with an increase in mortality, with effects concentrated within lags 0-4; the cumulative odds ratio was 1.109 (95% CI: 1.036, 1.187), with an attributable fraction (AF) of 9.83% (95% CI: 3.48%, 15.75%). AF point estimates were descriptively higher in southern than in northern China. Across the six administrative regions, AF point estimates ranged from -8.81% in Northwest China to 25.87% in Northeast China, with no statistical evidence of cross-region heterogeneity. Projections showed that cold spell-attributable PD mortality remained substantial across all scenarios in the 2030s, despite climate warming. Thereafter, trajectories diverged. Under SSP1-RCP2.6, projected nationwide attributable deaths were 744 (95% CI: -391, 1,659) in the 2030s, 988 (95% CI: -608, 2,277) in the 2050s, and 867 (95% CI: -589, 2,042) in the 2080s, with East and Southwest China contributing the largest shares and being the only regional estimates whose 95% CIs excluded zero. Under SSP2-RCP4.5, the nationwide burden rose modestly in the 2050s and then declined by the 2080s, whereas under SSP5-RCP8.5 it declined more steeply over time. These scenario-specific patterns occurred alongside substantial differences in projected cold spell occurrence, highlighting that future cold-related PD mortality cannot be inferred from mean warming alone. Under the modeled scenarios, climate warming did not necessarily translate into uniformly lower cold-related PD mortality in an ageing society. This persistence may warrant continued attention to cold-related risks in near-term climate-health adaptation for ageing populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125940"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-city study of the joint effects of ozone and temperature exposure on violent crime during warm months in the United States.","authors":"Seulkee Heo, Jesse D Berman, Michelle L Bell","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High temperatures have been associated with increased violent crime, but evidence regarding whether air pollution modifies this relationship remains limited. We conducted a multi-city time-series analysis to examine joint impacts of acute temperature and ozone (O₃) exposure on violent crime during warm months (May-October) in 62 cities from 2005-2023 across the continental US. Daily violent crime counts were derived from the National Incident-Based Reporting System. City-specific two-day moving average temperature and O₃ were used as exposures. We conducted single-exposure -quasi-Poisson regression models to estimate city-specific relative risk (RR) of violent crime comparing the risk at the 90^th and 10^th percentile exposures of temperature and O₃, separately. Then, we conducted joint-exposure quasi-Poisson models using a smooth non-linear interaction term. Effect modification by O₃ on temperature-related risk was assessed by comparing risk at the 90^th versus 10^th percentile temperatures under low (5^th), medium (50^th), and high (95^th percentile) O₃ concentrations, using city-specific temperature and O₃ values. Meta-regression analyses were used to combine city-specific risk estimates. The estimated city-specific RRs ranged from 0.73 to 2.31 across study cities. Across the cities, the risk of violent crime at the 90^th versus 10^th percentile of temperature and O₃ exposure was 1.09-fold and 1.05-fold higher, respectively. The pooled RRs of violent crime comparing the 90^th and 10^th temperature percentiles were 1.08 (95% CI: 1.05-1.10), 1.04 (1.02-1.07), and 1.00 (0.98-1.03) at the 5^th, 50^th, and 95^th percentile O₃ concentrations, respectively. Overall, we found more pronounced temperature-related risks of violent crime at low O₃ concentrations and attenuated risks at high O₃ concentrations. These findings highlight the importance of considering the complex joint effects of temperature and O₃ in public health strategies for violent behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125969"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics in Commercially Important Marine Fish from Giresun Province, Türkiye: A Baseline Assessment of Tissue Distribution, Polymer Composition, Spatial Patterns, and Potential Environmental and Ecological Risk.","authors":"Seval Aras, Hakan Dulkadiroğlu, Hüseyin Cüce, Erkan Kalipci, Mehmet Ali Dereli, Fulya Aydın Temel, Aysun Türkmen, Mustafa Türkmen","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the occurrence, characteristics, and spatial distribution of microplastics in muscle tissues and guts of commercially important fish species with different feeding habits (Pomatomus saltatrix, Mullus barbatus, Trachurus trachurus, Engraulis encrasicolus, Mugil cephalus, Merlangius merlangus, and Sarda sarda) from Giresun coast of the Black Sea. Microplastic contamination and polymer-associated hazard characteristics were evaluated using the contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), polymer hazard index (PHI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI). Microplastics were detected in both muscle tissue and gut, with substantial variation among species and tissues. The highest microplastic abundance was observed in the muscle of P. saltatrix (41.3 ± 19.3 particles/g-dw) and in the gut of M. cephalus (230.7 ± 8.2 particles/g-dw). Fibers (FBs) were the predominant morphotype in both muscle tissue and gut, accounting for 92.7% and 97.1% of the detected particles, respectively. Polyethylene terephthalate predominated in muscle tissue (53.4%), whereas polypropylene was predominated in the gut (68.7%). The calculated CF, PLI, PHI, and PERI values revealed marked differences in relative microplastic contamination and polymer-associated hazard among species, tissues, and sampling locations. These differences suggest that feeding behaviour, habitat use, and polymer composition may contribute to species- and tissue-specific microplastic exposure patterns. The detection of microplastics in muscle tissue, together with their variable polymer composition, highlights the ecological relevance of microplastic contamination in commercially important fish and the need for continued monitoring of microplastic occurrence and characteristics in the south-eastern Black Sea.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125964"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical properties and micromechanisms of solid waste stabilized aeolian sand improved by nano- CaCO₃ and fibers.","authors":"Wenliang Li, Xiangdong Zhang, Yuhang Li, Lijuan Su, Yao Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aiming to address the dual problems of industrial solid waste storage pollution and insufficient performance of aeolian sand subgrades in cold and arid regions, this study uses industrial solid wastes (blast furnace slag and fly ash) as an alkali-activated matrix to prepare stabilized aeolian sand. On the basis of realizing the utilization of bulk solid waste, a synergistic modification system with nano-CaCO₃ (NC) and basalt fiber (BF) is constructed. Through macroscopic mechanics and freeze-thaw cycle tests, combined with DIC technology, mesoscopic simulation and microscopic analysis, the reinforcement mechanism of composite materials was explored. The results demonstrate that Nano-CaCO₃ optimizes matrix compactness through the micro-aggregate filling effect and nucleation effect, and synergizes with the three-dimensional bridging crack-resistance effect of basalt fiber to improve material performance. After hybrid modification, the compressive strength increases by 23.8%, and the splitting tensile strength increases by 28.8%. The strength loss rate can be controlled within 65% after 20 freeze-thaw cycles. DIC analysis reveals the differential characteristics that nano-modification induces strain localization while fiber modification induces strain dispersion: the shear band width reaches 200-300 px, and the peak shear strain γ_max is controlled between 0.08 and 0.10. Microscopic observations further elucidate the synergistic mechanisms: nanoparticles induce a transition from tensile to shear debonding, while fibers dissipate energy through pull-out and bridging actions. This multi-scale synergy achieves a significant improvement in the \"strength-toughness-stability\" of the composite. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of solid waste resources in cold and arid areas and the freeze-thaw resistance design of aeolian sand subgrade engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125919"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of particle-bound PAHs emitted from a residential wood-burning stove and their dependence on combustion phases.","authors":"Klaudia Matušková, Jiří Pospíšil, Jiří Huzlík, Vilma Jandová","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.125931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Residential wood combustion is a major global source of air pollution linked to respiratory illness, yet the real-time shifts in emission profiles during a single burn cycle remain poorly understood. This study investigates the phase-resolved dynamics and size distributions of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from three widespread Central European temperate wood species (beech, black locust, and spruce) burned under nominal conditions in a standard residential stove. Aerosol emissions were separated using a cascade impactor across five distinct combustion phases, with PAH masses quantified via GC-MS/MS. Particulate emission peaked sharply during initial ignition and flaming (intervals #1-#3) for all fuel. PAH emissions followed the same pattern for spruce and black locust, whereas beech showed a delayed PAH maximum in interval #4. These peaks coincided with intense devolatilisation and low flue-gas oxygen, consistent with localised oxygen-deficient combustion. Across all fuels and phases, the PM size distribution remained monomodal, peaking at an aerodynamic diameter of ∼0.1 μm, with the highly respirable fine fraction (PM1) representing 70-89% of the total PM mass. While particle size did not determine specific PAH profiles, chemical composition was influenced by fuel type and combustion stage. Hardwoods (beech and black locust) consistently emitted low-molecular-weight (LMW) PAHs. Softwood (spruce), however, generated an intense initial release of high-molecular-weight (HMW) PAHs, before shifting to LMW species during the burnout phase (intervals #4-#5). These findings indicate that, under the tested conditions, PAHs are predominantly bound to the fine (PM1) particle fraction during the flaming phase, with a shift towards coarser particles observed during burnout, suggesting a potential relevance to health risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"125931"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149214931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}