Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"Virus detection in influent, activated sludge, and effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants using composite and grab samples in Finland","authors":"Annika Länsivaara ,&nbsp;Marja Palmroth ,&nbsp;Outi Kaarela ,&nbsp;Heikki Hyöty ,&nbsp;Sami Oikarinen ,&nbsp;Kirsi-Maarit Lehto","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wastewater-based surveillance has been commonly used as a monitoring tool for public health. Also, viruses present in wastewater can pose a health risk. In this study, we screened enterovirus, rhinovirus, norovirus GI and GII, pan-adenovirus, and gastroenteritis-causing adenovirus F40/41 in different wastewater sample types using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed composite influent samples (N = 22), grab influent samples (N = 20), composite effluent samples (N = 78), grab effluent samples (N = 21), and activated sludge samples (N = 34) collected from six municipal wastewater treatment plants in the Pirkanmaa region of Finland. We detected the viruses in the influent to discover if they had the potential to be monitored using wastewater-based surveillance. In addition, we studied viruses in effluent and activated sludge to detect viruses that persisted in treatment processes. Furthermore, all sample types were compared to discover differences in the viral contents of different wastewater sample types. We detected all the studied viruses in influent, while in activated sludge, we detected enterovirus, pan-adenovirus, and adenovirus F40/41, and in effluent enterovirus, norovirus GI and GII, pan-adenovirus, and adenovirus F40/41 were identified. In addition, the relative amount of all the viruses was the highest in the influent. Our study also showed that composite sampling was a more representative and sensitive method for virus monitoring in wastewater than grab sampling, as the relative amount of the viruses present in composite samples was higher than in grab samples. Since we found abundant viruses in effluent, further studies are required to assess their infectivity and potential health risks as environmental pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121776"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rewiring heme biosynthesis for improved pollutant degradation by Shewanella oneidensis","authors":"Yang Li ,&nbsp;Han-Qing Yu ,&nbsp;Qiang Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The slow rate of extracellular electron transfer (EET) in electroactive microorganisms poses a major bottleneck for the practical application of bioelectrochemical systems, such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and electrochemical remediation technologies. In <em>Shewanella oneidensis</em>, multi-heme cytochromes, integral to the metal reduction (Mtr) transmembrane electron conduit, play a critical role in determining EET efficiency. However, heme availability is constrained by the bacterium's native expression capacity, limiting the potential for efficient EET. To address this, we employed a modular synthetic biology approach, designing four functional modules to redirect metabolic pathways toward heme synthesis and assembly. Our results demonstrate that a substantial increase in heme levels broadens the EET pathway in <em>S. oneidensis</em>, enhancing electron flux and transfer rates. This is evidenced by a peak current density of 1311.3 mA/m² in microbial electrochemical cells (MECs) and a maximum voltage output of 311.5 mV in MFCs. Furthermore, in anaerobic reduction experiments using methyl orange as a model azo dye, the engineered strain exhibited superior performance, achieving a first-order reaction rate constant of 0.547 h⁻¹. This indicates that elevated heme levels markedly improve the bacterium's capacity to degrade organic pollutants. These findings not only confirm the pivotal role of heme in amplifying the EET pathway of <em>S. oneidensis</em> but also offer an innovative and practical strategy to overcome rate-limiting challenges in bioelectrochemical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121777"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of nitrate and biochar@birnessite composite microspheres for simultaneous suppression of As(III) mobilization and greenhouse gas emissions in flooded paddy soils","authors":"Xiyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Yilin Chen ,&nbsp;Jiehua Hu ,&nbsp;Honghui Wang ,&nbsp;Zilu Ye ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Meng ,&nbsp;Jiale Li ,&nbsp;Randy A. Dahlgren ,&nbsp;Shuyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Hui Gao ,&nbsp;Zheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elevated As(III) pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are two primary environmental concerns associated with flooded paddy soils. Herein, a novel biochar@birnessite composite microsphere was engineered using a biochar, birnessite and sodium alginate formulation. The microspheres were applied along with nitrate to examine their efficacy in suppressing As(III) mobilization and GHG emissions in an As-contaminated flooded paddy soil. After a 10-day incubation period, the combined nitrate + microsphere treatment achieved desirable remediation effects versus a nitrate-alone treatment, with mobile As(III) (initially 0.1 mM in flooded layer) completely immobilized and N₂O, CH₄ and CO₂ emissions declining by 89 %, 73 % and 31 %, respectively. As(III) immobilization was ascribed to oxidation/adsorption/coprecipitation by FeO_<em>x</em>/MnO_<em>x</em> regenerated from successive cycles of Feammox/Mnammox and nitrate-reduction coupled with Fe(II) oxidation (NRFO)/nitrate-reduction coupled with Mn(II) oxidation (NRMO). Moreover, NRFO/NRMO-derived full denitrification displayed high thermodynamic feasibility, leading to full denitrification with the generation of N₂ rather than N₂O. The co-occurrence of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) driven by biochar-shuttling and coupled reduction of nitrate/FeO_<em>x</em>/MnO_<em>x</em> fostered anaerobic oxidation of CH₄ to CO₂. A portion of the resulting CO₂ was incorporated into poorly-soluble carbonate minerals leading to lower CO₂ emission and soil carbon sequestration. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that the nitrate + microsphere treatment enriched the abundances of key microorganisms linked to As/Fe/Mn oxidation and GHG mitigation (e.g., <em>Geobacter</em>, <em>Streptomyces</em>, <em>Cupriavidus</em> and <em>Chloroflexus</em>). Our findings document the efficacy of nitrate + biochar@birnessite microsphere treatment as an effective remediation strategy to simultaneously mitigate As(III) pollution and GHG emissions in flooded paddy soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121757"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of aluminum doping on removal of norfloxacin by iron-loaded biochar: efficacy and mechanism","authors":"Tianyou Hu ,&nbsp;Zhili Chen ,&nbsp;Yufeng Xu ,&nbsp;Liheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The capacity of aluminum/iron-loaded biochar (AFBC) and iron-loaded biochar (FBC) for removal of norfloxacin (NOR) was investigated by batch experiments, while enhancement efficacy and mechanism was explored by kinetic, isothermal, and thermodynamic analyses, as well as by characterization of the AFBCs and FBCs and solution properties. As the initial pH was raised from 2 to 12, the NOR removal capability of AFBC varied within a narrow range (123.6–124.4 mg g⁻¹), which was 2.06–2.53 times that of FBC. The better description of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, liquid film diffusion model, and Langmuir model indicated that NOR removal was dominated by surface monolayer chemisorption, and its rate-controlling step was mainly liquid film diffusion. Liquid film diffusion rates of AFBC and FBC were 7.01 × 10⁻² and 1.75 × 10⁻² min⁻¹, whereas their maximum q-values were 205.8/72.77 (298 K), 222.9/84.42 (308 K), and 235.3/95.25 mg g⁻¹ (318 K), respectively. NOR removal was spontaneous and endothermic, while more negative Gibbs energy change and lower enthalpy change of AFBC suggested that it was more beneficial for NOR removal. Adsorption and degradation of AFBC and FBC contributed 53.07 %/46.93 % and 61.76 %/38.24 % to NOR removal (298 K). The amounts of adsorption sites and free radicals (¹O₂, ·OH and ·SO₄) derived from AFBC were 2.43 and 3.47 times those of FBC, respectively. AFBC and FBC had three similar pathways for degrading NOR, while AFBC significantly enhanced the contributions of ·OH and ·SO₄. Furthermore, AFBC and FBC could be effectively desorbed and regenerated by ultrapure water and NaOH. In conclusion, the enhancement of NOR removal by aluminum doping on iron-loaded biochar was attributed to the elevation of affinity and the provision of more adsorption sites and free radicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121723"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical characterization and oxidative potential of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in size-resolved particulate matter across industrial and traffic stations","authors":"Shahzada Amani Room ,&nbsp;Po Jui Chen ,&nbsp;Zhi Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Yu Ju Shih ,&nbsp;Shih Yu Pan ,&nbsp;Yuan-Cheng Hsu ,&nbsp;Ta-Chih Hsiao ,&nbsp;Yu Chieh Ting ,&nbsp;Charless C.-K Chou ,&nbsp;Chien-Hou Wu ,&nbsp;Kai Hsien Chi","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is the first to investigate polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) across multiple particulate matter (PM) sizes (PM_1.0, PM_2.5, TSP) in Taiwan, focusing on spatio-seasonal variations, chemical composition, sources, and oxidative potential (OP) utilizing Real-time Cell Analysis (RTCA) and the Dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. PM samples were collected from the Northern Industrial Station (NIS: PM) in Taoyuan, and the Central Industrial (CIS: PM_2.5) and Central Traffic (CTS: PM_2.5) stations in Taichung (2022–2023). Elevated PCDD/F, PCB, and PCN levels were observed at NIS during winter, with PM_2.5 and PM_1.0 comprising 90 % and 50 % of TSP, respectively, driven by local emissions and meteorological influences. PCDD/Fs peaked in winter at CTS (7.16 ± 1.64 fg TEQ_WHO/m³) and in autumn at CIS (8.29 ± 3.21 fg TEQ_WHO/m³), while PCBs were highest in summer (CIS: 0.151 ± 0.212 fg TEQ_WHO/m³; CTS: 0.006 ± 0.013 fg TEQ_WHO/m³), likely due to temperature-driven volatilization. Notably, PCNs exhibited no clear seasonal trends. Cytotoxicity assays revealed a size-dependent toxicity gradient (PM_1.0: 71.8 % &gt; PM_2.5: 62.1 % &gt; TSP: 51.9 %), with PM_2.5 toxicity consistent across sources (<em>P</em> = 0.58). DTT assays indicated higher OP at Northern Taiwan's industrial site on weekdays, whereas Central Taiwan's industrial and traffic sites showed no substantial variation (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Markedly, NO₃⁻ strongly correlated with OP across all PM sizes, while Cu and Cr were linked to OPv, and Mn and Cr to OPm. These findings highlight seasonal and source-driven PM toxicity, with smaller particles posing greater health risks, requiring targeted mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121747"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of riverbed substrates in N2O and CH4 emission: Insights from metagenomic analysis of epilithic biofilms","authors":"Youzuo Zheng ,&nbsp;Yao Yue ,&nbsp;Caiqiong Liu ,&nbsp;Lina Pang ,&nbsp;Yichu Wang ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Riverbed substrates are critical in N₂O and CH₄ emission with functional microbes adhering to them. However, the role of substrates remains to be fully understood. This study monitors N₂O and CH₄ emission and collects epilithic biofilms on riverbed substrates with various diameters and size heterogeneity from 10 sections along a mountain river. Compared with the global range, moderate water-air exchange rates of N₂O (−2.34–29.2 μg/m²/h) and rapid CH₄ emission (−2.58–35.2 mg/m²/h) are observed. Based on metagenomic analysis, the abundances of nirS and fmdA genes, which encode catalysts in the denitrification and the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis process, are found to be significantly higher in the medium diameter group (2–100 mm), implying higher N₂O and CH₄ emission. Meanwhile, the abundance of nirS and nirK genes, which are key to N₂O production, is significantly higher in the low size heterogeneity group, promoting N₂O release. In contrast, the abundance of ftr, pta,ackA and ACS genes critical in the methanogenesis processes are significantly lower in the low size heterogeneity group, inhibiting CH₄ emission. For N₂O production, the nitrification process is found to be dominated by species of Nocardioides and Planctomycetales, denitrification process by species of Tabrizicola and Rhodobacteraceae, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium process by Leptospiraceae species. In contrast, CH₄ is mainly generated by species of Pirellula and Proteobacteria through hydrogenotrophic, acetoclastic and methylotrophic methanogenesis respectively. A structural equation model indicated that substrate physical properties are equally or even more important as/than the aquatic nutrients concentration for N₂O or CH₄ emission in mountain rivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121772"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning the pore structure and hydrophobicity to unravel the adsorption mechanism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons onto carbon materials","authors":"Jincheng Li ,&nbsp;Siqi Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Lu ,&nbsp;Mingdeng Xiang ,&nbsp;Yunjiang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed in water, soil, and air, posing significant risks to human health. Yet little is known about whether the large molecular size of PAHs could hinder the understanding of their adsorption dynamics and the universality of the adsorption mechanism remains unclear. Low-cost adsorbents with different pore structures and hydrophobic properties were prepared, and the adsorption process and feasible adsorption sites of PAHs were investigated. The results showed that the more developed pore structure promoted the diffusion of PAHs. Adsorbents with high affinity for PAHs obtained better performance due to the π-π interaction and the sieving of groove areas formed by folds, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 99.9 and 98.9 mg/g for NAP, 9.42 and 9.53 mg/g for PHE, 0.929 and 0.887 mg/g for PYR. Meanwhile, the pseudo second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model could fit the actual adsorption process. Moreover, XlogP3 or E_HOMO emerged as good descriptors in QSAR. Hydrogen bond basicity and hexadecane-air partition coefficient of organic pollutants play a dominant role in the adsorption stage. This study lays a theoretical foundation for screening adsorbents and provides novel support to explore the adsorption mechanism of PAHs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121761"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel ACS film for efficient dual adsorption of Cr(VI) and SDS: Mechanistic insights and practical applications","authors":"Tejaswini A. Rathi ,&nbsp;Vaishnavi Gomase ,&nbsp;Sakshi Thawkar ,&nbsp;Pooja Ganvir ,&nbsp;D. Saravanan ,&nbsp;Ravin Jugade","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study introduces a novel ACS film as a dual-functional adsorbent for the efficient elimination of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) from aqueous systems. Comprehensive batch experiments were directed, and the results were rigorously validated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 467.14 and 244.47 mg g⁻¹ for Cr(VI) and SDS, respectively. The adsorption of Cr(VI) followed the Freundlich isotherm model (R² = 0.985), indicating multilayer adsorption, while SDS adhered to the Langmuir isotherm (R² = 0.935), suggesting monolayer adsorption. Kinetic studies revealed that Cr(VI) adsorption was best defined by the Pseudo Second Order model (R² = 0.994), whereas SDS adsorption conformed to the Pseudo First Order model (R² = 0.975), elucidating distinct adsorption mechanisms. Thermodynamic analyses confirmed that the adsorption processes for both Cr(VI) and SDS were spontaneous and enthalpy-driven. The film performance was evaluated using real effluent samples from textile industries, demonstrating its practical applicability in complex matrices. Additionally, regeneration studies showed sustained adsorption efficiency across five cycles, highlighting the materials reusability and economic viability. This work emphasizes the potential of the ACS film as a versatile and sustainable material for addressing dual pollution challenges, paving the way for scalable applications in environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121765"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of species-specific dissolved gaseous mercury oxidation in phytoplankton cultures","authors":"João P. Santos ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Tessier ,&nbsp;Séverine Le Faucheur ,&nbsp;David Amouroux ,&nbsp;Vera I. Slaveykova","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytoplankton species influence mercury cycling through bioaccumulation and Hg(II) reduction, however their contribution to oxidation of Hg(0) in aquatic systems remains largely overlooked. The present study aims at investigating the oxidation of Hg(0) by two phytoplankton species: the diatom <em>Cyclotella meneghiniana</em> and the green alga <em>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</em>. The algae were exposed to gaseous Hg(0) at concentrations in the range of 6–12 μg m⁻³, representative for contaminated environments, under various experimental conditions (open vs. closed systems, light vs dark, and alive vs dead cells).</div><div>The obtained results revealed, for a first time, that Hg(0) oxidation in <em>C. meneghiniana</em> cultures was light-dependent and limited to live cells, whereas <em>C. reinhardtii</em> maintained similar oxidation rates in both live and dead cells. <em>C. reinhardtii</em> cultures exhibited nearly tenfold higher Hg(0) oxidation efficiency than <em>C. meneghiniana</em>, demonstrating a strong species-dependent effect. Both species facilitated Hg(0) uptake from air into water, demonstrating a potential route for atmospheric Hg(0) to enter aquatic food webs. This novel evidence of phytoplankton-mediated Hg(0) oxidation highlights the importance of species identity and environmental conditions in governing Hg transformations and bioavailability. The results could have significant implications for understanding mercury bioaccumulation and toxicity in aquatic ecosystems. Further research is needed to clarify their contribution to Hg(0) oxidation in aquatic systems and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving the process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121764"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of AG 25 dye from aqueous solutions and treatment of real tannery wastewater by reusable magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles loaded with pomegranate pomace extract","authors":"Ahlem Khelali ,&nbsp;Fatiha Benmahdi ,&nbsp;Derradji Sahnoune ,&nbsp;Khettaf Sami ,&nbsp;Gül Gülenay Hacıosmanoğlu ,&nbsp;Sumia Akram ,&nbsp;Kaan Isinkaralar ,&nbsp;Dwi Siswanta ,&nbsp;Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed reusable magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄@PGP-NPs) coated with pomegranate pomace extract (PGP) for the removal of Acid Green 25 (AG 25) dye and treatment of real tannery wastewater. The nanoparticles were characterized using FTIR, UV–Vis, XRD, FESEM/EDX, VSM, and BET techniques, revealing spherical Fe₃O₄ NPs with an average diameter of 20.30 nm, a BET surface area of 69 m²/g, and a magnetization value of 42.41 emu/g. Optimization via RSM-CCD identified optimal adsorption conditions: Fe₃O₄@PGP-NPs dosage of 2.2 g/L, contact time of 88 min, and dye concentration of 200 mg/L, achieving 99 % removal efficiency. Adsorption followed the Langmuir model, with a monolayer capacity of 213 mg/g, and pseudo-second-order kinetics. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the process was spontaneous and endothermic. When applied to tannery wastewater, Fe₃O₄@PGP-NPs achieved removal efficiencies of 98.87 % for BOD₅ and 97.40 % for COD across treatment stages. Additionally, the nanoparticles maintained efficiency for up to five reuse cycles, demonstrating significant potential as a nanoadsorbent for dye removal and industrial wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 121744"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}