Environmental Research最新文献

{"title":"Associations between prenatal exposure to a mixture of lead, mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls and executive function in Inuit adolescents","authors":"Mathieu Fornasier-Bélanger ,&nbsp;Gina Muckle ,&nbsp;Pierre Ayotte ,&nbsp;Joseph L. Jacobson ,&nbsp;Sandra W. Jacobson ,&nbsp;Dave Saint-Amour","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous studies have investigated the individual contribution of prenatal exposure to lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on neurocognitive development, but few have explored their combined influence, particularly on executive function, during adolescence. This study aims to assess the associations between prenatal exposure to Pb, Hg and PCB-153 and executive function in mid-to-late adolescence. Two-hundred twelve Inuit participants (mean age = 18.5 years, range = 16.0 to 21.9) from Nunavik, Canada, completed four tasks assessing executive function: a Stop Task, a 2n-back task, the D-KEFS Trail Making Test and the Tower of London. Exposure to Pb, Hg and PCB-153 was estimated in cord blood samples at birth, and in blood samples at 11 years old and at time of testing. Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression and traditional multiple linear regression models were performed to estimate mixture and individual effects. All models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and fish nutriments as well as for postnatal contaminant exposure in secondary analyses. Mixture modeling of concurrent prenatal exposure to Pb, Hg and PCB-153 did not reveal any statistically significant associations with executive function. However, results from the single-pollutant regression models showed a negative log-linear relationship between cord Pb concentrations and cognitive planning, which remained statistically significant after controlling for postnatal exposure (β = −0.178, 95 % CI = [-0.327, −0.021], p = 0.021). This study suggests that prenatal exposure to Pb is detrimental to executive function in late adolescence. Further research is needed to replicate findings and better understand the functional significance of this long-lasting association and how it might evolve during adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122224"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic investigation of NiAl-layered double hydroxide activated peroxymonosulfate for tetracycline degradation: Feasibility of an integrated ultrafiltration system","authors":"Chaelin Kim,&nbsp;Chaerin Park,&nbsp;Jihee Song,&nbsp;Yuna Jeong,&nbsp;Thillai Govindaraja Senthamaraikannan,&nbsp;Dong-Hee Lim,&nbsp;Hye-Jin Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metal catalysts have shown great potential as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activators in sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs). However, their practical application in water remediation is often limited by resource scarcity and the toxicity of certain transition metals. In this study, we synthesized a cost-effective and highly efficient NiAl-layered double hydroxide (NiAl-LDH) catalyst for PMS activation and systematically investigated its mechanism in tetracycline (TC) degradation. The synthesized NiAl-LDH exhibited a well-crystalline, plate-like CO₃^2--type structure with an average particle size of ∼100 nm. Despite having a smaller surface area than pure Ni(OH)₂, the NiAl-LDH/PMS system demonstrated superior TC degradation efficiency. The initial pH significantly influenced both TC degradation performance and LDH structural stability. While CO₃²⁻ and PO₄³⁻ slightly inhibited TC degradation, Cl⁻, NO₃⁻, and SO₄²⁻ had negligible effects. Ultrafiltration with the NiAl-LDH/PMS system enabled the removal of 500 mg/L TC while maintaining a high permeate flux of 2680 LMH. In real wastewater matrices, TC removal efficiency slightly decreased to 85.1 %, with a reduction in flux (1990 LMH) due to organic matters and concentrated anions. The DFT calculations proved that enhanced electron conductivity, strong PMS adsorption, and reduced endothermic energy of PMS activation resulted in improved catalytic activity of NiAl-LDH compared to pure Ni(OH)₂. Mechanistic investigations revealed that hydroxyl radicals (·OH) were generated via the redox cycling of Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺ on NiAl-LDH with PMS and rapidly transformed into singlet oxygen (¹O₂) through superoxide (O₂⁻·) intermediates. Furthermore, TC degradation pathways were elucidated, providing deeper insights into its catalytic performance for water treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122218"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of PPy-BiVO4-Cu2+ heterojunction and its visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol","authors":"Zhaoyan Ma ,&nbsp;Hao Liang ,&nbsp;Chang Lu ,&nbsp;Xinchang Long ,&nbsp;Xin Shi ,&nbsp;Lihua Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) as a persistent organic pollutant, poses significant health risks to humans through chronic exposure. Photocatalysis is an efficient and green treatment technology, which has great advantages in the degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater. In this study, the PPy-BiVO₄-Cu²⁺ photocatalyst – modified with both transition metal copper ions (Cu²⁺) doping and conductive polypyrrole (PPy) composite – was synthesized via a two-step process combining sol-gel method and chemical oxidative polymerization method. The results show that the pristine BiVO₄ is monoclinic scheelite phase. After Cu²⁺ modification, new crystalline phases of BiCu₂VO₆ and CuO were formed. And it is found that the modification of Cu²⁺ and the combination of PPy can effectively improve the charge separation and migration efficiency of the photocatalyst, and achieving full-spectrum light absorption across 230–800 nm. The degradation experimental results showed that the 3 %PPy-BiCu-4 composite material achieved 91.51 % degradation efficiency of 2,4-DCP in 1.5 h under visible light irradiation. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the dual p-n heterojunctions formed among BiVO₄, CuO, and BiCu₂VO₆, combined with the Z-scheme heterojunction between PPy and BiVO₄. Driven by the built-in electric field, these heterostructures facilitated efficient separation and directional migration of electron-hole pairs. Ultimately, electrons (e⁻) in the conduction band of PPy and holes (h⁺) in the valence band of CuO generated reactive species (•O₂⁻ and •OH), achieving highly efficient degradation of 2,4-DCP. This study elucidates the interfacial charge transfer pathways within the PPy-BiVO₄-Cu²⁺ composite photocatalyst, which provides a new idea for the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-DCP wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122219"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lattice-matching formed covalent heterointerfaces based on epitaxial growth of ZnIn2S4 nanosheet on Cu2S nanobox to accelerate charge separation for effective antibiotic degradation cooperated with hexavalent chromium reduction","authors":"Sainan Sun,&nbsp;Jiahong Pan,&nbsp;Jialu Pan,&nbsp;Xinyi Shen,&nbsp;Jiahui Liu,&nbsp;Ziyi Guo,&nbsp;Chenyi Wang,&nbsp;Yanqing Cong,&nbsp;Shi-Wen Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, water pollution issues caused by antibiotics and heavy metals have become a focus of global concern, and it is greatly significant to develop effective methods to remove heavy metal and organic contaminant from wastewater. Herein, newly-designed Cu₂S/ZnIn₂S₄ p-n heterojunction with internal electric field is constructed by using epitaxial growth strategy. Importantly, lattice well-matched heterointerface between Cu₂S and ZnIn₂S₄ presents very low charge transfer resistance. Under the mediation of internal electric field, the generation and separation of photogenerated carriers are effectively improved, and the formation of hollow structure enhances visible light absorption capability. Benefiting from these changes, photogenerated electrons and holes can be directly involved in tetracycline (TC) degradation and Cr(VI) reduction, avoiding intermediate reaction processes. Under visible light illumination, thus, Cu₂S/ZnIn₂S₄ composite shows superb performance in the treatment of wastewater containing both antibiotic and Cr(VI). The removal efficiencies of TC and Cr(VI) are as high as 96.7 % and 94.1 % within 32 min, respectively. Interestingly, Cr(VI) reduction over Cu₂S/ZnIn₂S₄ is a stepwise process, and Cr(VI) is first reduced to Cr(V) and then transformed into Cr(III). Notably, Cr(V) with strong oxidation ability as transition intermediate can further promote antibiotic degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122213"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanobubble-enhanced O3 oxidation under water quality and ultrasound regulation: a systematic review of properties and degradation efficiency","authors":"Bing Wang ,&nbsp;Tengjiang Yang ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Yujia Gao ,&nbsp;Tianjie Zeng ,&nbsp;Yunxian Liu ,&nbsp;Xinyue Luo ,&nbsp;Guojun Hu ,&nbsp;Hongyang Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanobubbles (NBs), due to their unique physicochemical properties, have garnered increasing attention. However, existing reviews on NBs predominantly focus on their properties, generation methods, and applications, with limited emphasis on their integration with ozone(O₃). To address this gap, this review focuses specifically on O₃ NBs. Firstly,the review summarizes the principles and parameters of O₃ NBs generation and detection devices reported in existing studies, and compared the differences between the properties of NBs produced by different preparation methods. Furthermore, it systematically compares the physicochemical properties and pollutant degradation efficiency of O₃ NBs versus conventional O₃ macrobubbles. Additionally, the review examines the effects of water quality (e.g., pH, temperature, salinity) and ultrasound regulation (power and frequency) on three key aspects: (1) NBs behavior, (2) O₃ NBs properties, and (3) pollutant degradation efficiency. In addition, points of contention in the relevant literature regarding the above are discussed:(1). Contradiction between O₃ and NBs stability under high alkaline conditions; (2). Conflict between water ionization and Brownian motion in maintaining the stability of NBs; (3). Unclear role of NaCl concentration on the degradation process. (4) Mega ultrasonic frequency modulation of NBs generation. This review constructs a reinforcement theory system of O₃ NBs applied to organic pollutants degradation, not only analyzing the reinforcement process from the level of the physical and chemical properties of royal oxygen, but also providing theoretical guidance on the preparation of O₃ NBs, which is an important theoretical basis for the development of high-efficiency oxygen NBs oxidation technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122212"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telomere length declines with mean blood lead concentration in an urban passerine","authors":"Heung Ying Janet Chik ,&nbsp;Max M. Gillings ,&nbsp;Riccardo Ton ,&nbsp;Marco van der Velde ,&nbsp;Mark Patrick Taylor ,&nbsp;John P. Swaddle ,&nbsp;Hannah L. Dugdale ,&nbsp;Simon C. Griffith","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic and widespread environmental pollutant and can severely harm body tissues as well as DNA. Pb could potentially damage telomeres, whose length and shortening rate are linked with cellular senescence, physiological state, and mortality. Yet, studies investigating Pb and telomere dynamics in natural systems remain inconclusive. In this study, we used a free-living house sparrow (<em>Passer domesticus</em>) population in Broken Hill, Australia, chronically exposed to varying levels of environmental Pb, to assess the effects of Pb on telomere length and telomere rate of change. Using all data from adults and juveniles, we found that mean blood Pb concentration had a negative relationship with telomere lengths measured at capture sites, such that a standard deviation increase in the concentration of blood Pb was associated with an 8 % decrease in telomere length. In a series of robustness analyses we found that this negative relationship existed at both the individual and the site levels. Although not statistically significant, the relationship between telomere length and soil Pb also appeared to be consistent with that found for blood Pb. Our results demonstrated that while exposure to Pb damages telomeres in free-living house sparrows, the biological effect is relatively weak, and is only identified with a sample size of over 500 individuals. Nevertheless, our data reveal that in this urban setting in Australia, a human commensal bird is suffering from lead-induced damage to telomeres. Given the well-established relationship between telomere shortening and life-span, our study highlights a clear risk of Pb contamination on the biota of the urban area, including humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122210"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicological assessment of different choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents: in vitro and in vivo approaches","authors":"Paloma Sánchez-Argüello,&nbsp;Antonio Martín-Esteban","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) have emerged over the last decade as a promising alternative to organic solvents. NADES are mixtures of two or more natural components interacting each other by hydrogen bonds to form a supramolecular mixture. Efforts have focused on demonstrating their lack of toxicity by studying the responses of different taxonomic groups. In this study, fish cells (RTG-2 line) and freshwater invertebrate embryos (<em>Physa acuta</em>) were used for the ecotoxicological assessment of seven choline chloride (ChCl)-based NADES. Three organic acids and four alcohols were used for the preparation of the NADES investigated. In a first step, the <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity of a single exposure to each NADES component, binary mixtures of their corresponding components and the prepared NADES were evaluated. The rank order of <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity of the individual components was: organic acids &gt; ChCl &gt; alcohols. NADES produced equal or lower cytotoxic effects than the corresponding mixtures, suggesting that NADES have their own toxicological behaviour, possibly supported by the maintenance of their supramolecular structure up to certain aqueous dilutions. Furthermore, the <em>in vitro</em> assessment showed that NADES prepared with acids were more cytotoxic than NADES prepared with alcohols, which was confirmed by the <em>in vivo</em> assessment. NADES prepared with acids produced embryo lethal effects from 0.025 % at short exposures (48h). For NADES prepared with alcohols embryo toxicity was found from 0.2 %. From our results, it can be concluded that ecotoxicological assessment can help in the selection of component combinations for the design of safe NADES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122202"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic PFAS Exposure Induces Chemotherapy Resistance by Promoting Mitochondria-Related Alterations in Ovarian Cancer Cells.","authors":"Brittany P Rickard, Lauren A Sapienza Lundie, Marta Overchuk, Justin Tulino, Mateus Prates Mori, James P McCord, Vesna A Chappell, Carl D Bortner, Victoria L Bae-Jump, Janine H Santos, Suzanne E Fenton, Imran Rizvi","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2025.122211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resistance to chemotherapy is a major barrier to the effective treatment of ovarian cancer; however, the role of environmental exposures in the onset of chemoresistance remains elusive. Our previous work in ovarian cancer cells suggests that short-term perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure induce chemoresistance, potentially by influencing mitochondrial parameters, but little is known about the effects of longer-term exposures, which are more human-relevant. Since mitochondria play a critical role in determining ovarian cancer chemotherapy response, it is also important to understand the role of environmental exposures in modulating mitochondrial function. This study explored how varying durations of PFAS exposure (2-35 days) affect mitochondrial parameters known to drive chemoresistance in human ovarian cancer cell lines. An ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3) that was chronically exposed to PFAS (26-35 days) was generated. Compared to short-term PFAS exposure, chronic PFAS exposures significantly increased resistance to both carboplatin and doxorubicin. Chemotherapy resistance was accompanied by increased mitochondrial superoxide production, alterations in bioenergetics, and elevated mitochondrial content. These findings suggest that PFAS exposure induces chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer cells in a duration-dependent manner, worsened by human-relevant chronic exposures, and that mechanisms driving these effects are influenced by the modulation of mitochondrial parameters. Future studies should focus on targeting mechanisms underlying PFAS-induced chemotherapy resistance to improve survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"122211"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined long-term aerated storage and photo-Fenton process for winery wastewater treatment: operational conditions optimization","authors":"Nuno Jorge,&nbsp;Ana R. Teixeira,&nbsp;Marco S. Lucas,&nbsp;José A. Peres","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Winery wastewater (WW) is an environmental problem in wine producing countries. In this work, a long-term aerated storage (LTAS) biological reactor was commissioned and optimal operational conditions were assessed. Regarding air supply, data shows that LTAS operational conditions (air flow = 110 dm³/h, aeration period 15 h/day, time = 15 days, V = 5 L) allowed to achieve a high microbial growth with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction of 98.8 % and a dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal of 88.7 % and low cost (0.124 €/g.DOC). The remaining non-biodegradable organic fraction was afterwards submitted to a UV-C photocatalytic reactor. Optimal photo-Fenton conditions obtained were pH = 3.0, [H₂O₂] = 97 mM, [Fe²⁺] = 2.5 mM and reaction time = 240 min. This allowed a DOC reduction of 98.2 % with an electric energy per mass (<em>E</em>_EM) = 0.410 kWh/g.DOC. Combined LTAS/photo-Fenton processes have a synergistic effect, achieving 99.0 and 98.2 % of removal of COD and DOC, respectively, and allowing the discharge of treated WW in conformity with the Portuguese Legislation (Decree-law n. 236/98) with a low cost (0.158 €/g.DOC). The LTAS/photo-Fenton system can be an interesting solution to manage WW treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122203"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation of the engineering properties and environmental impact of low-temperature modified electrolytic manganese residue for karst grouting materials","authors":"Qianshen Ding ,&nbsp;Lei Liu ,&nbsp;Wenwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Jiangshan Li ,&nbsp;Yong Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.122205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) has large stockpiles, low reactivity, and high environmental risk. The presence of pollutants such as NH₃-N and Mn complicates the direct reuse of disposal sites. A composite activator (CA) is prepared by calcining EMR at a low temperature and mixing it with cement clinker (CC) and calcium carbide slag (CCS) in an optimal ratio. This CA replaces GGBS to create an efficient grouting material. This study analyzes the effect of CA content on the setting time, fluidity, mechanical strength, and impermeability of the grouting material under different water-to-cement ratios. The results show that the EMR-based composite activator, consisting of EMR calcined at 300 °C for 2 h, CCS, and CC, is highly effective. The optimal ratio of EMR to CCS to CC is 25:3:4. The setting time decreases with the increase of water-cement ratio, but gradually decreases with the increase of CA content. Fluidity increases with a higher water-to-cement ratio but decreases with more CA. Both compressive and flexural strengths decrease as the water-to-cement ratio rises. The unconfined compressive strength and flexural strength of EGC could exceeded 24.0 MPa and 5 MPa in 28 days, and the hydraulic conductivity remained below than 10⁻⁷ cm/s, which favored the landfill leakage remediation and pollution control. The main hydration products are calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), calcium alumino-silicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) and ettringite (AFt), contributing to the formation of network compact structure. The leaching concentrations of Mn and NH₃-N in EGC are lower than the threshold values specified in the national standard GB 8978–1996. This innovative grouting material exhibits excellent performance and environmental adaptability, making it a high-quality sealing material for karst disposal sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 122205"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}