Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science最新文献_第2页

Pharmacognostic study and peptidomic analysis of the leaves of Nigerian Rauvolfia vomitoria Wennberg (Apocynaceae) 尼日利亚罗布麻(夹竹桃科)叶片的生药学研究及肽组学分析

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.57046/cuoi3523

G. Alade, F. Attah

{"title":"Pharmacognostic study and peptidomic analysis of the leaves of Nigerian Rauvolfia vomitoria Wennberg (Apocynaceae)","authors":"G. Alade, F. Attah","doi":"10.57046/cuoi3523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/cuoi3523","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at documenting some pharmacognostic and peptidomic standards on the leaf of Nigerian species of Rauvolfia vomitoria Wennberg (RVM). Using standard methods, the fresh and dried pulverized leaves of R. vomitoria were standardized macroscopically and microscopically, in addition to the physiochemical evaluation and MALDI TOF/TOF-guided peptidomic screening of the aqueous extracts of the leaf. The leaf is simple, elliptical shaped, crenated margin which is acute. The leaf presented a hexagonal shaped epidermal cell on both sides with anomocytic stomata only on the abaxial surface making it hypostomatous while stomata number and index are 15 – 16 – 18 and 24 – 25 – 26, respectively. The transverse section of the leaf through the midrib suggests that the vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral and closed. Moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulphated ash, water soluble and alcohol soluble extractives were as follows; 7.7 ± 1,5, 4.9 ± 0.7, 1.2 ± 0.8, 4.1 ± 0.2, 4.8 ± 0.9, 3.9 ± 0.9, 8.1 ± 1.7w/w%, respectively. Peptidomic analysis revealed the abundant expression of nature-derived knottin-like peptides with a mass range of 3.1 kDa – 3.7 kDa. Knottin peptides have been reported to perform defense roles in host plants; since they are not ubiquitously distributed in planta, their detection in RVM could be useful in the proper identification of the plant and in RVM chemosystematics. Findings from this study has unveiled some important macroscopic, microscopic and physicochemical standards as well as a new peptidomic phytochemical standard helpful in the proper identification in addition to ensuring the efficacy and safety of the leaf of R. vomitoria.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126392982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Approaches to monitoring and evaluation of knowledge translation platforms in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review 中低收入国家知识翻译平台的监测和评价方法:范围审查

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.57046/uzvr3843

B. Harri, I. Okedo-Alex, Ngozi Azodoh, A. Okonkwo

{"title":"Approaches to monitoring and evaluation of knowledge translation platforms in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review","authors":"B. Harri, I. Okedo-Alex, Ngozi Azodoh, A. Okonkwo","doi":"10.57046/uzvr3843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/uzvr3843","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Knowledge Translation Platforms (KTP) attempt to bridge the \"know-do gap\" between researchers and policymakers. This study summarized the evidence on activities, as well as methods of monitoring and evaluation projects of KTPs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Methods: The Arksey and O’Malley methodology for scoping reviews was used. The databases accessed include Medline, Global Health, CINAHL, EBSCO and Cochrane library databases. Only Studies that indicated range of activities, tools or methods used in monitoring and evaluating KTP to achieve the implementation of evidence informed policymaking in LMICs were included. The key words used includes Knowledge Translation, Monitoring and Evaluation, Platforms and Low- and Middle-Income countries. Results: Total of 3150 hits were obtained from the searched databases. 750 duplicates were identified and removed resulting to 2398 articles. Using title screening, 2123 articles were excluded resulting in 275 articles for abstract screening. Abstract screening led to exclusion 246 articles, leaving 29 articles for the full-text screening. Full-text screening resulted to exclusion of 25 articles resulting to 4 articles that meet the inclusion criteria. No relevant articles were obtained from the reference list screening and grey literature search. Conclusion: Evidence shows that Case study methodology is the predominate method of evaluating KTPs. The shortest time duration from generation to use of evidence in decision making was noticed to be 1-year. The range of activities used to monitor KTP in bridging the “know do gap” includes stakeholder’s engagement, building capacity, priority setting, meeting with stakeholders, generating policy brief, litmus testing of brief, stakeholders dialogue, evidence brief and dialogue review, disseminating of findings and implementation. The minimum and maximum number of activities performed in each KTP process is 5 and 8 activities respectively.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133184762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

eMobile internet protocol version six (IPv6) testbed for interoperability of Nigerian education services and networks 移动互联网协议第六版(IPv6)测试平台，用于尼日利亚教育服务和网络的互操作性

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.57046/mqmr6717

O. Adeniji

{"title":"eMobile internet protocol version six (IPv6) testbed for interoperability of Nigerian education services and networks","authors":"O. Adeniji","doi":"10.57046/mqmr6717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/mqmr6717","url":null,"abstract":"The diversity of educational methods, services and protocols promoted disparate educational services in Nigeria. The diversity has not promoted resource sharing and has encouraged duplication of efforts. There is no doubt that the University systems in Nigeria need to complement each other bearing in mind the limited resources available to individual University system. With the introduction of next generation internet protocol version six (IPv6), some of the divergent technologies can be brought to a platform to facilitate resource sharing, capacity development and optimization of resources. In order to solve these diversities of resources affecting Nigerian Education Services and Network, Route Optimization Techniques in IPv6 will provide the best option for scaling these diversities. The Nigeria ecosystem has come of age and attained maturity level to identify the futuristic roles of internet protocol version six (IPv6). Globally, Policy makers and Governments have recognized the enormous opportunities the Internet can create and its impact on economic growth and prosperity. The prime mission of the invention is to develop and provide an eMobile IPv6 testbed that supports optimization of resources for digital services in Nigeria Tertiary Education.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133279544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prospects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by Justicia secunda aqueous extracts on diabetes and its related complications 金针叶水提物合成银纳米粒子(AgNPs)在糖尿病及其相关并发症中的应用前景

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.57046/wtno8179

O. Awote, M. Kazeem, A. Ojekale, Oyinkansolami Ayanleye, Hamdalat Ramoni

{"title":"Prospects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by Justicia secunda aqueous extracts on diabetes and its related complications","authors":"O. Awote, M. Kazeem, A. Ojekale, Oyinkansolami Ayanleye, Hamdalat Ramoni","doi":"10.57046/wtno8179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/wtno8179","url":null,"abstract":"The wide range of secondary metabolites in medicinal plant extracts are used to treat and manage various diseases worldwide but more recently plant-mediated bio-nanotechnology is rapidly generating great research interest. Herein, the in-vitro study of the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiglycation, and antioxidant potentials of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by Justicia secunda aqueous extracts was evaluated. The synthesized AgNPs was characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antioxidant activity was evaluated via reducing power, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and nitric oxide scavenging assays; antidiabetic activity was evaluated with α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory assays; antiglycation activity was evaluated using fructosamine inhibitory assay, and anti-inflammatory activity was performed using trypsin inhibitory and albumin denaturation assays. The AgNPs from all the plant parts showed good biological potentials investigated compared to the plant extracts however, the synthesized AgNPs using the leaf aqueous extract (AgNPs-JsL) showed a better antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiglycation, and anti-inflammatory potentials with an essential quality absorption band in the ultraviolet region of 410 nm and average size distribution of 50.47nm. In conclusion, all the parts of J. secunda showed substantial antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiglycation and anti-inflammatory potentials with high yield of various bioactive metabolites, however, the AgNPs-JsL was more potent followed by the flower, stem and roots extracts, respectively.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134000389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isolation of pathogenic strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from mobile phones in a tertiary institution in Ibadan, Nigeria 尼日利亚伊巴丹某高等教育机构手机中分离出耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌致病性菌株

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.57046/kvhm5191

O. Alabi, O. Ayoola, Jesutofunmi Odeyemi, A. Oaikhena

{"title":"Isolation of pathogenic strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from mobile phones in a tertiary institution in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"O. Alabi, O. Ayoola, Jesutofunmi Odeyemi, A. Oaikhena","doi":"10.57046/kvhm5191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/kvhm5191","url":null,"abstract":"The health implications of mobile phones emission have been a matter of concern to health practitioners for decades but little or no attention has been given to the mobile phones as potential fomites for pathogens. This study isolated and characterised methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on mobile phones of students in a tertiary institution in Ibadan, Nigeria. One hundred swab samples were obtained from the surfaces of mobile phones of students in a cross-sectional study conducted between July and August, 2019. Presumptive staphylococci were isolated on mannitol salt agar and identities were confirmed by standard biochemical test and Gram-staining. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disc-diffusion method and mecA or mecALGA251, tsst-1, eta and etb genes screened by PCR technique. Among the 200 presumptive S. aureus isolated, 163 (81.5%) were confirmed as S. aureus exhibiting resistance to ofloxacin (1.8%), gentamicin (3.7%), ceftriaxone (29.4%), ceftazidime (57.7%), cefoxitin (61.3%), cefuroxime (64.4%), erythromycin (85.3%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (86.5%) and cloxacillin (92%). Proportion of MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) were 61.3% and 38.7% respectively with significant difference in their level of antibiotic resistance to the cephalosporins (excluding ceftriaxone), penicillins, erythromycin and ofloxacin (p<0.05). All the MRSA strains were multidrug resistant (MDR) harbouring mecA or mecALGA251 (56.3%), tsst-1 (56.3%), etb (31.3%) and eta (12.5%) genes. This study detected a high proportion of methicillin-resistant, virulent S. aureus as fomites on surfaces of mobile phones among students of a tertiary institution. This is of public health concern and thus requires strong public education to avoid imminent spread and outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"251 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114004132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing food security and nutrition through resilient agrifood value chains 通过有韧性的农产品价值链加强粮食安全和营养

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.57046/pdbf9719

O. Adeyemo

{"title":"Enhancing food security and nutrition through resilient agrifood value chains","authors":"O. Adeyemo","doi":"10.57046/pdbf9719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/pdbf9719","url":null,"abstract":"The war in Ukraine, with other attendant consequences, has resulted in a massive decline in the supply of major staple foods leading to a rise in food prices globally. As the world focuses on the global food crises precipitated by the Ukrainian war; it is important to contextualize food and nutrition insecurity in the light of domestic challenges. Nigeria’s population in conflict zones have faced and will continue to face food insecurity crisis or emergency levels of food insecurity due to ruthless banditry in the northwest. For example, in 2016, the United Nations reported that Boko Haram bombings in Northern Nigeria disrupted trade routes between Chad and Nigeria, interrupting the supply of basic goods and causing local price hikes. In addition, climate change, natural disasters, violence between farmers and herders; kidnappings, and other forms of insecurity have impacted food production and distribution in Nigeria making food crisis a daily war for Nigerians. At the same time, agricultural productivity has steadily grown, and technological and institutional innovations have proliferated within agrifood markets and value chain with the potential to reduce poverty and food insecurity around the world. A food value chain (FVC) consists of all the stakeholders who participate in the coordinated production and value-adding activities that are needed to make food products. According to HLPE (2014), losses and wastes are common in all the phases of the FVCs (pre-harvest, harvesting and initial handling, storage, transport and logistics, processing and packaging, retailing and, finally, consumption activities). The agrifood value chain development in Nigeria is facing many barriers to fulfilling its potential including but not limited to capacity, enabling environment, governance, infrastructure, and policies conducive to sustainability and growth. Adding value post-production and minimizing losses with innovations in post-harvest and processing phases can have significant economic and environmental impacts, with input savings and carbon footprint reductions","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130229168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative assessment of microbial, proximate and sensory quality of bread produced from all-purpose flour and a blend of locally made flour 用普通面粉和本地面粉混合制成的面包的微生物质量、近似质量和感官质量的比较评估

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.57046/qdpe7729

A. Mbachu, Joy Chukwudozie, N. Mbachu

{"title":"Comparative assessment of microbial, proximate and sensory quality of bread produced from all-purpose flour and a blend of locally made flour","authors":"A. Mbachu, Joy Chukwudozie, N. Mbachu","doi":"10.57046/qdpe7729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/qdpe7729","url":null,"abstract":"The nutritional and sensory quality of different flour blends for baked products has been investigated. However, there is paucity of information on the quality of the conventional all-purpose flour which is expected to be chiefly of wheat origin and thus very expensive. Comparative analysis of the microbial, proximate and sensory quality of bread produced from all-purpose flour and blends of locally made flour was undertaken. Composite breads were produced from all-purpose flour (APF) 100%, wheat flour (WF) 100%, potato flour (PF) 100% and WF:PF blend (50%:50%). The microbial, proximate and sensory qualities, as well as the shelf life of the bread samples were determined. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. The bacterial and fungal counts were less than the maximum of 100 cfu/g recommended by the Standard Organization of Nigeria. The moisture and ash content of the PF bread was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the rest of the flour blends. Among the flour blends, APF recorded the lowest fiber, ash and protein content. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the mean sensory scores of APF bread and WF:PF bread with respect to taste and overall acceptability. PF and WF:PF bread had the highest shelf life of 8 and 7 days respectively. The nutritional composition of the bread produced from 100% WF and 50%:50% WF:PF blends were higher than that produced using the conventional APF. Thus, PF could be blended with WF to improve the nutritional quality and minimize cost of bread and other baked products.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125923811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and construction of a locally designed fish smoking kiln powered by bio-gas 设计和建造一个本地设计的以沼气为动力的熏鱼窑

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.57046/lush4029

Odunayo Ogundana, Muhammed Yahaya, Anthony Alonge, Taiwo Owa

引用次数: 0

Effect of adsorption variables on the removal of Cadmium ions from wastewater using activated periwinkle shell from Okada, Edo State 吸附变量对活化长春花壳去除废水中镉离子的影响

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.57046/wmxc5130

C. Nworie, D. Onukwuli, E. Ikezue, L. Ekebafe

{"title":"Effect of adsorption variables on the removal of Cadmium ions from wastewater using activated periwinkle shell from Okada, Edo State","authors":"C. Nworie, D. Onukwuli, E. Ikezue, L. Ekebafe","doi":"10.57046/wmxc5130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/wmxc5130","url":null,"abstract":"This paper details the effect of adsorption variables on the removal of cadmium ions from wastewater using activated periwinkle shell. The periwinkle shells were carbonized for 1.5h for 900oC, and activated using HNO3 and calcium chloride solution. The textural characteristic of the adsorbent was determined using BET surface area analysis methods, structural characterizations of the activated carbon from the periwinkle shells were performed using FTIR, SEM, and EDX. Three different concentrations of cadmium ions solution were prepared as 10mg/l, 30mg/l, 50mg/l, 80mlg/l and 100mg/l from the stock solution. The batch mode adsorption experiment of cadmium ion onto activated periwinkle shell was carried out. The effects of time of contact, pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, particle sizes and temperature were investigated. The result indicates that activated periwinkle shell exhibit good sorption capacity with a large surface area of 574.50m2/g and mesoporosity of 71.42%. The sorption capacity were 67.28m2/g for Cd(II) ions. The equilibrium was attained after 70mins with the particle size of 212μm. The results indicate that the pH for maximum removal of cadmium (II) ions is 6.0.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114703319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and fabrication of a DC pump evaporative cooling system 直流泵蒸发冷却系统的设计与制造

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.57046/rnfb3169

Muhammed Yahaya, Odunayo Ogundana, Anthony Alonge, Taiwo Owa

引用次数: 0