B. Tarekegne, Jessica Kerby, Alok Kumar Bharati, R. O'Neil
{"title":"Assessing the Energy Equity Benefits of Energy Storage Solutions","authors":"B. Tarekegne, Jessica Kerby, Alok Kumar Bharati, R. O'Neil","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998019","url":null,"abstract":"Safety, reliability, efficiency, and affordability are no longer the sole tenets of electric grid planning. The evolving social and policy climate have placed new explicit requirements to integrate energy equity and justice strategies in modern electric grid design to achieve a fair and just distribution of environmental, economic, and social benefits within the energy system. This study aims to characterize the energy equity and community benefits of energy storage systems (ESS) under the following three use case models: utility ESS that are operated within the distribution system, community-owned ESS, and behind-the-meter ESS that are customer-owned to serve the household. A resource adequacy analysis of a representative feeder subject to six outage scenarios is performed to assess energy access as a key equity metric in each use case. The energy access analysis can be used to inform further research on additional energy equity metrics such as energy burden, energy poverty, energy vulnerability, resilience, decarbonization, and job creation to create a prioritization framework matching community needs with system preferences for utility planning processes, market regulations, and the wider network of energy system stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123269326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aiden Flynn, Daniel Taggert, Josh Johnston, Mitch Christensen, Mykola Makowski, Robyn Moss, R. Kathiria, S. Bhavaraju, Steve Hughes
{"title":"Novel Sodium – Polysulfide Flow Battery Grid-scale Energy Storage Technology","authors":"Aiden Flynn, Daniel Taggert, Josh Johnston, Mitch Christensen, Mykola Makowski, Robyn Moss, R. Kathiria, S. Bhavaraju, Steve Hughes","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998026","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium metal-based batteries have been identified as an exciting new solution to the challenge of Long Duration Energy Storage (LDES) applications. Enlighten Innovations, Inc. (EII) has developed a novel, low-cost Sodium Metal – Sodium Polysulfide Flow Battery (SPFB) enabled by its proprietary NaSICON (Sodium Super Ionic Conductor) ceramic solid-state separator. EII’s SPFB truly decouples the energy and power, unlike other metal-based batteries. EII’s SPFB operates at intermediate temperatures (below 125° C) enabling the use of low-cost materials of construction avoiding expensive sealing and manufacturing technologies of the current state of the art that results in an estimated system-level Levelized Cost of Storage (LCOS) cost of~ $0.1/kWh, which is the lowest among the current battery technologies. EII is now taking next steps towards kW scale stack performance demonstration and large-scale manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"21 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132923873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mo’ath Farraj, R. Salehi, A. Momeni, A. Zamani, Rohit Kadem
{"title":"Validation of the Power Plant Controller for Frequency Support Applications Using Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing","authors":"Mo’ath Farraj, R. Salehi, A. Momeni, A. Zamani, Rohit Kadem","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998033","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the significant integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) for grid support applications and ancillary services has increased system complexity and challenges. To address the challenges associated with the declining inertia of the system, the transmission system operators (TSO) have implemented obligatory frequency regulation anciIRllary services to be followed by customers. This paper presents the process of testing the compliance of a power plant controller (PPC) by the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) before deployment in the field. In particular, the functionality of primary frequency response (PFR) and fast frequency response (FFR) controllers of the PPC is demonstrated through hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing. The results show that tuned PPC controller with proper integration into the system can comply with ERCOT requirements.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134181269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy Equity: Making the Case for Peaker Plant Replacement With Battery Energy Storage","authors":"Khoi Vu, Elli Ntakou, Jeffrey Schlegelmilch, Larissa Paredes Muse, R. Fioravanti","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998018","url":null,"abstract":"Peakers are typically natural gas and oil-fired plants that infrequently run throughout the year to cover peak loads. This paper focuses on close to end-of-life peakers near urban centers and presents an across-the-board comparison of the costs and benefits of replacing the peaker with a battery energy storage device. The paper’s proposition is an expansion of typical benefit-cost analyses that only focus on the plant’s capital and operating costs, including the monetary impacts of zero operational emissions resources on local communities’ health. Our analysis finds that health cost considerations can represent a significant factor in the socioeconomic impact of conventional peakers and that accounting for them can make battery energy storage a viable option for supporting peak loads.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131714906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Maloney, S. Bhattacharya, Xinda Ke, Abhinav Venkatraman, A. Somani, Dhruv Bhatnagar
{"title":"Capacity Expansion Planning for LA Basin: The Role of Energy Storage","authors":"P. Maloney, S. Bhattacharya, Xinda Ke, Abhinav Venkatraman, A. Somani, Dhruv Bhatnagar","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998038","url":null,"abstract":"The paper evaluates the deployment of energy storage to support a clean energy transition in the Los Angeles Basin (LAB). The deployment of energy storage is considered in a 10 zone capacity expansion planning model from 2022-2045. The model is based on the California Public Utility Commission’s 7 zone Renewable Energy Solutions Model (RESOLVE) but has been modified to give greater spatial granularity in the LAB area by adding 3 new zones representing the Eastern Los Angeles, Western Los Angeles and the El Nido subzones. Three different scenarios are studied in this work; a base case with no natural gas retirements in the LAB, and two cases exploring extreme natural gas retirements, where the 8GW of natural gas belonging to the LAB are retired by 2045. Study results indicate that storage can play a significant role in helping the LAB meeting its energy requirements. However, when considering extreme retirement scenarios, either new generation (such as solar) or capacity (such as new import capacity via transmission lines) will likely be needed to serve projected system loads.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125287764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Intelligent Power Electronic System for Secondary Use Batteries","authors":"M. Starke, S. Campbell, B. Dean, M. Chinthavali","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998039","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a plug-and-play power electronic system for integration of multiple energy storage system technologies. The system uses a communication and control architecture with individual developed modules to support scaling to larger systems for the electric grid. An optimization framework is also presented to demonstrate the functionality of the system. This system is shown to work in hardware with a constructed testbed to demonstrate different use cases and systems. Results are presented for a full efficiency cycle test.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127196998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Extreme Weather on Sizing Battery Energy Storage Systems: A Case Study of Fairbanks, Alaska","authors":"Walker Olis","doi":"10.1109/eesat55007.2022.9998028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/eesat55007.2022.9998028","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient operation of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) requires a limited battery temperature range. The effects of parasitic heating and cooling loads on the optimal sizing of BESSs are investigated in this paper. Peak shaving is presented as a linear programming (LP) problem formulated in the PYOMO optimization programming language. The building energy simulation software EnergyPlus models the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) load of the BESS enclosure. A case study is analyzed in Fairbanks, Alaska, considering a lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) battery type and whether the power conversion system (PCS) is inside or outside the enclosure. The analysis illustrates that the HVAC load can have a large impact on the optimal energy and power capacities of an energy storage system and that insulating and including the PCS in the enclosure can reduce overall costs.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126129918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recommended Practice for Energy Storage Management Systems in Grid Applications","authors":"D. Schoenwald, T. Nguyen, J. McDowall","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998035","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the development and current status of a recommended practice by the members of IEEE Working Group P2688 on Energy Storage Management Systems (ESMS) in grid applications. The intent of this recommended practice is to provide a reference for ESMS designers and ESS integrators regarding the challenges in ESMS development and deployment, and to provide recommendations and best practices to address these challenges. This recommended practice will assist in the selection between design options by supplying the pros and cons for a range of technical solutions.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"528 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128669893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua Yip, S. Santoso, M. Garcia, B. Pierre, E. Kutanoglu
{"title":"Optimal Mobile Energy Storage Pre-Placement for Black-Start Restoration","authors":"Joshua Yip, S. Santoso, M. Garcia, B. Pierre, E. Kutanoglu","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998030","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies a novel mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation on the pre-blackout placement of mobile energy storage (MES) for black-start (BS) restoration of a transmission network. The formulation is a stochastic program that, rather than re-energization over a multi-interval horizon, for each scenario considers the final energization states of generators in a steady-state power flow. If a scenario of the event inducing the blackout cuts off an island from the network, the island is re-energized following the blackout only if it contains a generator with either BS capability or a pre-placed MES. Besides the model, this paper also explores the novel analytical concept of a discretized expected value realization.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121619595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Astha Rai, Niranjan Bhujel, T. Hansen, R. Tonkoski, Ujjwol Tamrakar
{"title":"Implementation of Model Predictive Control for Frequency Support in a Real-time Digital Simulator","authors":"Astha Rai, Niranjan Bhujel, T. Hansen, R. Tonkoski, Ujjwol Tamrakar","doi":"10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EESAT55007.2022.9998027","url":null,"abstract":"Microgrids experience larger frequency deviations compared to bulk power systems for the same disturbance. Energy storage systems (ESSs) can potentially provide fast frequency support in such microgrids to limit frequency deviation within acceptable limits. One of the effective control approaches to achieve fast-frequency support in ESSs is a model predictive control (MPC)-based approach. Traditionally, MPC is known to use higher computational costs compared to other conventional controllers. In this paper, an MPC-based fast-frequency support mechanism is developed for an ESS and implemented on a real-time digital simulator to provide fast-frequency support in a microgrid model based in Cordova, Alaska. Results show that the computation time of MPC for frequency support is shorter than the simulation time step, justifying real-time applicability. The techniques presented in this paper can be generalized to develop novel MPC-based control approaches for ESSs and analyze their performance through real-time digital simulation techniques before deployment.","PeriodicalId":310250,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116996733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}