Optimal Mobile Energy Storage Pre-Placement for Black-Start Restoration

Abstract

This paper studies a novel mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation on the pre-blackout placement of mobile energy storage (MES) for black-start (BS) restoration of a transmission network. The formulation is a stochastic program that, rather than re-energization over a multi-interval horizon, for each scenario considers the final energization states of generators in a steady-state power flow. If a scenario of the event inducing the blackout cuts off an island from the network, the island is re-energized following the blackout only if it contains a generator with either BS capability or a pre-placed MES. Besides the model, this paper also explores the novel analytical concept of a discretized expected value realization.