Environment International最新文献

{"title":"The atmospheric fate of ethyl and neopentyl nitrates: ·OH-oxidation mechanism, kinetic property, and environmental impacts","authors":"Xiang-Huan Liu ,&nbsp;Tai-Xing Chi ,&nbsp;Wan-Ying Yu ,&nbsp;Shuang Ni ,&nbsp;Zhi-Min Ao ,&nbsp;Feng-Yang Bai ,&nbsp;Xiu-Mei Pan ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic nitrate (RONO₂) is an important component of secondary organic aerosol. Ethyl nitrate (EN) and neopentyl nitrate (NN) are prototypical RONO₂ with high atmospheric concentrations, but their fate remains unclear. Herein, the ·OH-initiated degradation mechanism and kinetics of EN and NN were investigated using quantum chemical calculations and kinetics modeling. The environmental persistence of EN and NN was evaluated by calculating atmospheric lifetimes. Unexpectedly, the aqueous water has an inhibitory effect on the degradation of reactants by increasing the Gibbs-free barrier, and the air–water interfaces could accelerate EN transformation into CH₃CHO. Notably, the subsequent evolution process of C-center radicals can form polyfunctional oxygenated organic pollutants, aldehydes, and peroxyacyl nitrates in the presence of ·OH, O_2, HO_x, and NO_x. The toxicological assessment showed that EN and NN had harmful effects on ecosystems. This work provides a deeper theoretical insight into the atmospheric fate and influence of RONO₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109413"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The agricultural plastic paradox: Feeding more, harming more?","authors":"Kai Wang, Xuejun Liu, David R. Chadwick, Changrong Yan, Michaela Reay, Tida Ge, Fan Ding, Jingkuan Wang, Ruimin Qi, Mouliang Xiao, Rui Jiang, Yanling Chen, Ji Ma, Charlotte Lloyd, Richard P. Evershed, Yongming Luo, Yongguan Zhu, Fusuo Zhang, Davey L. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109416","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural plastic film (PF) covers ca. 50 million hectares of the Earth’s surface and has revolutionized agriculture, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, by improving crop yields, water use efficiency, farmer incomes and feeding an extra 85 million people. However, concerns are growing about the impact of PF-derived microplastics (MP) on soil quality, the food chain, and the environment. Here we show that current research on the effects of MP in agricultural soils is limited by inconsistent methodologies and unrealistic experimental concentrations, leading to major uncertainty in assessing the true risks associated with PF use. Furthermore, we highlight the need for standardized protocols, experiments using realistic MP concentrations, and a better understanding of the relative contribution of PF to MP pollution to develop informed policies. Furthermore, while biodegradable alternatives show promise, their significantly higher costs (2–3 times conventional films) and variable performance across different agricultural environments present economic and practical challenges that must be addressed through targeted policy incentives and continued technological innovation. Our findings suggest that while further research is conducted, managing PF to reduce environmental impact, rather than imposing ill-informed bans on plastic use, is crucial to balance food security and sustainable development goals. Exploring “zero-leakage” instead of “zero-use” approaches to PF should be the primary aim to help mitigate potential risks while preserving the substantial benefits of this agricultural technology.","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the spatiotemporal dynamics and drivers of surface and tropospheric ozone in China","authors":"Shuai Yin ,&nbsp;Chong Shi ,&nbsp;Husi Letu ,&nbsp;Zhijun Jin ,&nbsp;Qingnan Chu ,&nbsp;Huazhe Shang ,&nbsp;Dabin Ji ,&nbsp;Meng Guo ,&nbsp;Kunpeng Yi ,&nbsp;Xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Tangzhe Nie ,&nbsp;Zhongyi Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In China, the rapid development of the economy and the implementation of multiple mitigation strategies in recent decades have led to dramatic changes in air quality. In this study, ground- and satellite-based observations were integrated to comprehensively investigate the spatiotemporal variations of nationwide surface-level and tropospheric ozone (O₃). Additionally, a meteorology correction model was developed, combining decomposition analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression, to explore the influence of meteorological conditions, anthropogenic emissions, and control actions on surface and tropospheric O₃ in China. The results suggest that O₃ pollution in China has strong spatial characteristics and seasonal patterns. The nationwide tropospheric O₃ pollution substantially deteriorated from 2005 to 2020, and the increasing rate of tropospheric column O₃ in the four target regions ranged from 0.20 (0.15–0.26) Dobson Units yr⁻¹ to 0.26 (0.17–0.34) Dobson Units yr⁻¹. Simultaneously, the meteorological factors exerted distinct influences on the surface-level and tropospheric O₃ by regions. Since 2018, both surface and tropospheric O₃ have declined remarkably in China. The meteorology correction model indicates that the downward trend is primarily attributed to the implementation of effective control plans (the Three-Year Action Plan for Cleaner Air) and the reduction of anthropogenic emissions. However, it is notable that surface-level O₃ in autumn–winter, particularly in the eastern and southern part, increased markedly in recent years. These findings imply that the current mitigation strategy still has some insufficiencies, and to reduce the exposure risk in the future, China needs to set more ambitious mitigation targets and continue to push forward and strengthen the synergetic control of multiple air pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109412"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating PFAS-Induced modulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) immune response to SARS-CoV-2 spike in COVID-19 Vaccinees","authors":"Humblenoble Stembridge Ayuk ,&nbsp;Arkadiusz Pierzchalski ,&nbsp;Tamara Tal ,&nbsp;Oddvar Myhre ,&nbsp;Birgitte Lindeman ,&nbsp;Nicola Margareta Smith ,&nbsp;Violeta Stojanovska ,&nbsp;Ana Claudia Zenclussen","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistent nature of the environmental contaminants per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has recently received considerable attention, particularly because of their adverse effects on immune system functionality in the context of vaccine responses to infectious diseases. Following COVID-19 vaccination, some studies have shown a significant negative correlation between serum PFAS concentrations and the humoral immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccination. However, the influence of PFAS on the cell-mediated immune response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein post-COVID-19 vaccination remains underexplored. In the present study, we investigated the impact of a human blood-relevant PFAS mixture, containing perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) on innate (monocytes and NK cells), cell-mediated (T cells) and B cells adaptive immune responses in COVID-19-vaccinated female and male healthy donors. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to a mixture of the six PFAS at real life concentrations and subsequently stimulated with the SARS-CoV-2 spike peptide. We report a significant upregulation of IFNγ production in T and NK cells, particularly among male donors exposed to high concentrations of the PFAS mixture. Conversely, we observed a decrease in the total B-cell population, particularly among female donors. A significant reduction in the secretion of the pro-inflammatory chemokines MIP-1α (CCL3) and MIP-3α (CCL20) was observed at high PFAS mixture concentrations. Overall, these findings suggest that high PFAS exposure may differentially affect immune responses in a sex-specific manner, with a potential impact on vaccine efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109409"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes in various bacteria worldwide","authors":"Jingpeng Liu,&nbsp;Yixin Ma,&nbsp;Yuechen Sun,&nbsp;Wenlong Zhao,&nbsp;Huangliang Chen,&nbsp;Meihan Mao,&nbsp;Chengcheng Deng,&nbsp;Jiefei Gao,&nbsp;Qitao Zhang,&nbsp;Jinrou Quan,&nbsp;Rui Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of various bacteria carrying ARGs on a global scale over extended time periods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 25,285 globally isolated bacteria’s genomes were analyzed to explore ARGs. The analysis focused on temporal, geographic, and species distribution, including pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, intracellular parasitic states, ARG types, and their association with MGEs. Multiple linear regression was employed to identify ARG risk factors in bacteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of bacteria with ARGs was 64.2%, indicating that at least one ARG was present in 64.2% (16,243/25,285) of the included bacterial, with an average of 14.4 ARGs per bacterium. ARGs have been increasing globally, averaging one additional ARG every three years, closely linked to rising antibiotic consumption. Pathogenic bacteria harbored more ARGs than non-pathogenic ones. Intracellular parasitic bacteria still carry specific types of ARGs despite being less likely to generate ARGs. Clinical and human-associated bacteria showed higher ARG counts, and bacteria isolated from humans had the highest number of disinfectant-resistant genes. The average number of ARGs in bacteria isolated from high-middle-income and lower-middle-income countries is higher. Factors like motility, non-sporulation, Gram-positive staining, extracellular parasitism, and human pathogenicity are linked to higher ARGs levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>An increasing number of bacteria carrying ARGs pose a significant challenge to the control of antibiotics-resistant pathogens worldwide. The issue of bacteria carrying more ARGs requires greater global attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109410"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling process of decoration and demolition waste is a neglected source for emerging concerns in particulate phase: PAHs as an example","authors":"Nana Zang ,&nbsp;Pinjing He ,&nbsp;Hua Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxing Zhang ,&nbsp;Fan Lü","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decoration and demolition waste (DDW) has been widely studied because of its annual surge in output, complex composition, and high utilization potential. DDW recycling is a key element of circular economy, with the potential for emerging pollutants in the particulate phase. Thus, this study selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as the representative and investigated their emission characteristics and occupational risk in the particulate phase, including 2.5-μm (PM_2.5), inhalable (PM₁₀), total suspended particles (TSP), and dust samples of different sizes (75–100 μm, 50–75 μm, and &lt; 50 μm), from dust collectors during DDW recycling. Acenaphthylene (Acy), chrysene (Chr), benz[a]anthracene (BaA), fluoranthene (Fla), pyrene (Pyr), phenanthrene (Phe) were detected in all samples. PM_2.5 and dust in 75–100 μm own the highest total occupation risk of 1.51 × 10^-13 and 2.07 × 10^-15, respectively. Chr and BaA had the control priority with the converted toxicity of 162.82 ng/g and 233.35 ng/g. Moreover, nontarget screening was applied to mining out isophorone, benzophenone, and other carcinogenic micropollutants in the PM_2.5, PM₁₀, TSP, and dust samples. Global PAHs from DDW recycling production can reach 193.44 ± 241.80 kg/a under reasonable estimation. This study provides strong evidence that DDW recycling is a neglected source of concern in the particulate phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109393"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of air pollution exposure assessment methods and the association with children’s respiratory health","authors":"Femke Bouma ,&nbsp;Gerard Hoek ,&nbsp;Gerard H. Koppelman ,&nbsp;Judith M. Vonk ,&nbsp;Nicole AH Janssen ,&nbsp;Sjoerd van Ratingen ,&nbsp;Wouter Hendricx ,&nbsp;Joost Wesseling ,&nbsp;Jules Kerckhoffs ,&nbsp;Roel Vermeulen ,&nbsp;Kees de Hoogh ,&nbsp;Ulrike Gehring","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Epidemiological studies of the associations of long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution with asthma onset and lung function in children have used different exposure assessment methods. Little is known about how these different methods affect the magnitude of the effect estimates. The aim of this study was to compare associations of long-term air pollution exposures, estimated with different exposure assessment methods, with asthma incidence and lung function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eight exposure assessment methods, differing in modelling (dispersion, empirical) and monitoring strategy (fixed site, mobile), were applied to estimate annual average air pollution levels at the residential addresses of 3,687 participants of the Dutch PIAMA birth cohort. Associations of air pollution exposure with asthma and lung function were assessed and compared between methods. Heterogeneity in the associations was assessed with meta-analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Estimated exposure levels and contrasts differed substantially between methods. Exposure estimates from the different methods were moderately to highly correlated, with Pearson correlations ranging from 0.5 to 0.9. Higher air pollution levels were consistently associated with higher asthma incidence and lower FEV₁. However, the magnitude of the association differed between methods (e.g. the ORs (95 % CI) for asthma incidence ranged from 1.09 (0.99; 1.21) to 2.56 (1.50; 4.36) for BC per 1 µg/m³ increment).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Different air pollution exposure assessment methods resulted in consistent conclusions about the presence and direction of associations with asthma incidence and lung function in children, but associations differed in magnitude. Differences in exposure assessment methods may partially drive heterogeneity in associations between different studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109407"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical impact of air pollution on SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging","authors":"Océane Bouchot ,&nbsp;Stephan Gabet ,&nbsp;Loïc Djaileb ,&nbsp;Aurélia Robin ,&nbsp;Nicolas De Leiris ,&nbsp;Julie Roux ,&nbsp;Laurent Riou ,&nbsp;Gerald Vanzetto ,&nbsp;Daniel Fagret ,&nbsp;Catherine Ghezzi ,&nbsp;Rémy Slama ,&nbsp;Gilles Barone-Rochette","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Air pollution contributes to cardiovascular morbimortality. Air pollution effects on cardiovascular function assessed from non-invasive and invasive imaging have been reported but never on myocardial perfusion. This study aimed to characterize relations of air pollution exposure to myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients referred to SPECT (single-photon emission computed tomography) MPI were prospectively enrolled between 2017 and 2020. Myocardial ischemia was assessed from the SPECT. Moderate-to-severe ischemia was defined as a &gt; 10 % ischemic myocardium. Exposures to particulate matter (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) and NO₂ at the home address were characterized <em>via</em> a 10-meter resolution air pollutant-dispersion model and air quality monitoring system data. Associations of exposures with scintigraphy parameters were assessed through multivariable regressions, and potential modifying effects by sex and BMI were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,585 participants were prospectively included (mean age 67.7 ± 11.6 years, 63.3 % male); 148 (9.3 %) patients presented a moderate-to-severe ischemia. In multivariate analysis, the odds of moderate-to-severe ischemia was increased, with adjusted odds-ratio (ORa) of 1.39 [95 % confidence interval (95 % CI): 1.07–1.80; <em>p</em> = 0.013], 1.33 (95 % CI: 1.01–1.75; <em>p</em> = 0.042), and 1.22 (95 % CI: 0.96–1.57; <em>p</em> = 0.10) for each increase of one Interquartile Range (IQR) in PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and NO₂ exposure, respectively (IQR equal to 3.3, 4.3 and 10.0 µg/m³, respectively). With further adjustment for cardiometabolic diseases and symptoms, only the association with PM_2.5 remained statistically significant: ORa 1.34 (95 % CI: 1.03–1.75, <em>p</em> = 0.031) for each one-IQR increase. Associations with PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 tended to be stronger in women (interaction <em>p</em>-value equal to 0.11 and 0.077, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We provide new insights into a mechanism by which particulate air pollution may influence cardiovascular risk. Exposure to PM was associated with moderate-to-severe ischemia, particularly in women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109406"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing non-target analysis of emerging environmental contaminants with machine learning: Current status and future implications","authors":"Alexa Canchola ,&nbsp;Lillian N. Tran ,&nbsp;Wonsik Woo ,&nbsp;Linhui Tian ,&nbsp;Ying-Hsuan Lin ,&nbsp;Wei-Chun Chou","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging environmental contaminants (EECs) such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals pose significant challenges for detection and identification due to their structural diversity and lack of analytical standards. Traditional targeted screening methods often fail to detect these compounds, making non-target analysis (NTA) using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) essential for identifying unknown or suspected contaminants. However, interpreting the vast datasets generated by HRMS is complex and requires advanced data processing techniques. Recent advancements in machine learning (ML) models offer great potential for enhancing NTA applications. As such, we reviewed key developments, including optimizing workflows using computational tools, improved chemical structure identification, advanced quantification methods, and enhanced toxicity prediction capabilities. It also discusses challenges and future perspectives in the field, such as refining ML tools for complex mixtures, improving inter-laboratory validation, and further integrating computational models into environmental risk assessment frameworks. By addressing these challenges, ML-assisted NTA can significantly enhance the detection, quantification, and evaluation of EECs, ultimately contributing to more effective environmental monitoring and public health protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109404"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of suspect and nontarget screening with exposure assessment for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance prioritization in Chinese municipal wastewater","authors":"Hongxin Mu ,&nbsp;Ling Chen ,&nbsp;Rong Zhou ,&nbsp;Luyao Gu ,&nbsp;Yue Yu ,&nbsp;Jin Tang ,&nbsp;Houhu Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongqiang Ren ,&nbsp;Bing Wu ,&nbsp;Yuanqing Bu","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2025.109384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are significant sources of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aquatic environments, making their identification and priority rank crucial for risk control. Wastewater samples were collected from 148 municipal WWTPs in China to determine the occurrence and risk prioritization of PFASs. A total of 61 PFASs were identified, including 14 legacy and 47 emerging PFASs, using machine learning prediction-enhanced suspect and nontarget screening techniques. PFASs were detected in all wastewater samples, with perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFCA), perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA), fluoromeric sulfonic acid (FTSA), and perfluoroalkyl sulfonamide-like (PFSM) substances being the predominant classes. The exposure loads of legacy and emerging PFASs to the Chinese population were 71.8 and 52.9 μg·day⁻¹·people⁻¹, respectively, and textile and clothing products might be the primary PFAS exposure pathways. Through a risk prioritization method integrating toxicity and exposure data, ten legacy and five emerging PFASs were flagged as high-priority substances requiring additional attention. As the PFAS risk removal efficiency by conventional biological treatment processes was only 0.7 %, the PFAS risk priority patterns in influent and effluent were similar (<em>r</em> = 0.86, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). In addition, there were significant regional differences in the PFAS risk distribution, and the PFAS risk in eastern China was higher than that in other regions. This study offers novel insights for the identification and priority control assessment of PFASs and other emerging environmental contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109384"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}