Environment International最新文献

{"title":"Differential interaction modes of As(III)/As(V) with microbial cell membrane induces opposite effects on organic contaminant biodegradation in groundwater","authors":"Wenbo Guo ,&nbsp;Deping Li ,&nbsp;Ying Zhai ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Xu ,&nbsp;Hao Qiu ,&nbsp;Aijun Miao ,&nbsp;Xinde Cao ,&nbsp;Ling Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arsenic, a widespread toxic metalloid in groundwater, derives both from natural geological environment and industrial discharge, is extensively detected to be coexisting with organic contaminants, such as 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP), a prior concerned pollutant. During biological remediation of groundwater, arsenic potentially intervenes microbial behaviors. This study found an opposite interference of arsenic in its two different valences (III and V) on the degradation of TCP by the functional bacteria, <em>Sphingomonas fennica</em> K101. As(III) inhibited TCP degradation in a concentration-dependent manner (from 0.1-10 mg/L), with a maximum inhibition rate of 35.5%, whereas As(V) exhibited promoting effects by 13.8% and 33.2% at 1 mg/L and 10 mg/L, respectively. Employing field emission transmission electron microscopy, quantum chemical calculations, fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and metabolomic analysis, we unveil distinct interactions between cell membranes and arsenic in two valence states. Exposure to As(III) led to significant accumulation of As(III) in the cytoplasm, followed by interaction with intracellular ferritin (ferritin heavy chain 1), releasing iron ions and generating ROS. Subsequently, it induced ferroptosis and disrupted bacterial basal metabolism, thereby inhibiting TCP biodegradation. Oppositely, As(V) bound to a critical component sphingosine and triggered sphingosine polymerization, increasing membrane permeability, which was evidenced by measuring lactate dehydrogenase release. This process facilitated TCP transmembrane permeation by reducing membrane or extracellular secretion resistance. As(V) concurrently upregulated energy metabolism and accelerated TCP degradation. Our study elucidates the influence of prevalent arsenic on biodegradation efficacy, particularly amidst changing redox conditions associated with varying arsenic valences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109074"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Size distribution, sources and chemistry of ultrafine particles at Barcelona-El Prat Airport, Spain","authors":"S. Ridolfo ,&nbsp;X. Querol ,&nbsp;A. Karanasiou ,&nbsp;A. Rodríguez-Luque ,&nbsp;N. Pérez ,&nbsp;A. Alastuey ,&nbsp;C. Jaén ,&nbsp;B.L. van Drooge ,&nbsp;M. Pandolfi ,&nbsp;M. Pedrero ,&nbsp;F. Amato","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid expansion of the aviation sector raises concerns about air quality impacts within and around airports. Ultrafine particles (UFP, diameter &lt; 100 nm) are of particular concern due to their potential adverse health effects. In this study, particle number concentrations (PNC), particle number size distribution (PNSD), and other ancillary pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NO_X), black carbon (BC), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), ozone (O₃), carbon monoxide (CO) and benzene, as well as organic markers and trace elements (in quasi-UFP) were measured at Barcelona-El Prat Airport (80 m and 250 m from the main taxiway and runway). Comparisons were made with an urban background (UB) location, and source apportionment of PNSD was performed using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF). PNC inside the airport was nine-fold higher than the UB, and fifteen-fold higher when considering only nucleation mode particles (&lt; 25 nm). Six sources contributing to PNC were identified inside the airport: Taxiing (48.7 %; mode diameter = 17 nm), Industrial/Shipping (7.4 %; mode diameter = 35 nm), Diesel (3.9 %; mode diameter = 64 nm), Regional recirculation (1.1 %; mode diameter = 100 nm), Photonucleation (16.6 %; mode diameter = 13 nm) and Takeoff (18.5 %; mode diameter = 23 nm). Due to the measurement location and prevailing wind patterns, no significant contributions from landings were detected. Chemical analysis of quasi-UFP collected on Electrical Low-Pressure Impactor (ELPI + ) filters (stages 2 to 6: 17–165 nm) revealed higher concentrations (&gt; 2-fold) of Fe, Al, Cr, Cu, Mo, Mn, Pb, Ti, and Sb at the airport compared to the UB, with Al exhibiting the most pronounced disparity. Generally, PAH levels were low at both sites, although concentrations were higher at the airport relative to the UB. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of UFP within a major European airport, identifying the different sources contributing to PNC and PNSD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109057"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pinpointing sources of pollution using citizen science and hyperlocal low-cost mobile source apportionment","authors":"Dimitrios Bousiotis ,&nbsp;Seny Damayanti ,&nbsp;Arunik Baruah ,&nbsp;Alessandro Bigi ,&nbsp;David C.S. Beddows ,&nbsp;Roy M. Harrison ,&nbsp;Francis D. Pope","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, methodologies for the identification and apportionment of air pollution sources are not widely applied due to their high cost. We present a new approach, combining mobile measurements from multiple sensors collected from the daily walks of citizen scientists, in a high population density area of Birmingham, UK. The methodology successfully pinpoints the different sources affecting the local air quality in the area using only a handful of measurements. It was found that regional sources of pollution were mostly responsible for the PM_2.5 and PM₁ concentrations. In contrast, PM₁₀ was mostly associated with local sources. The total particle number and the lung deposited surface area of PM were almost solely associated with traffic, while black carbon was associated with both the sources from the urban background and local traffic. Our analysis showed that while the effect of the hyperlocal sources, such as emissions from construction works or traffic, do not exceed the distance of a couple of hundred meters, they can influence the health of thousands of people in densely populated areas. Thus, using this novel approach we illustrate the limitations of the present measurement network paradigm and offer an alternative and versatile approach to understanding the hyperlocal factors that affect urban air quality. Mobile monitoring by citizen scientists is shown to have huge potential to enhance spatiotemporal resolution of air quality data without the need of extensive and expensive campaigns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109069"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valley fever under a changing climate in the United States","authors":"Madelynn H. Howard ,&nbsp;Christie M. Sayes ,&nbsp;John P. Giesy ,&nbsp;Yang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109066","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This review summarizes studies on the relationships between climate change and Valley Fever (VF), also termed Coccidioidomycosis, a potentially fatal upper-respiratory fungal infection caused by the pathogenic fungi, &lt;em&gt;C. immitis&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;C. posadasii&lt;/em&gt;. The intensified onset of climate change has caused frequencies and possibly intensities of natural hazard events like dust storms and drought to increase, which has been correlated with greater prevalence of VF. These events, followed by changes in patterns of precipitation, not only pick up dust and spread it throughout the air, but also boost the growth and spread of &lt;em&gt;Coccidioides&lt;/em&gt;. In California alone, cases of VF have increased fivefold from 2001 to 2021, and are expected to continue to increase. From 1999 to 2019, there was an average of 200 deaths per year caused by VF in the United States. The number of deaths caused by VF fluctuates year to year, but because more infections are predicted to occur due to a changing climate, deaths are expected to rise; thus, the rising prevalence of the disease is becoming a larger focus of the scientific community and poses an increased threat to public health. By reviewing recent and past studies on Coccidioidomycosis and its relationships with climate factors, we categorize future impacts of this disease on the United States, and highlight areas that need more study. Factors affecting the incidence of VF, such as modes of dispersal and the optimum environment for &lt;em&gt;Coccidioides&lt;/em&gt; growth, that could potentially increase its prevalence as weather patterns change are discussed and how the endemic regions could be affected are assessed. In general, regions of the United States, including California and Arizona, where VF is endemic, are expanding and incidences of VF are increasing in those areas. The surrounding southern states, including Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Texas, are experiencing similar changes. In addition, the entire endemic region of the United States is predicted to spread northward as drought is prolonged and temperatures steadily increase. The findings from the keyword search from eight databases indicate that more studies on VF and its relation to dust and climate are needed especially for endemic states like Nevada that are currently not adequately studied. Overall, results of this survey summarize mechanisms and climate factors that might drive spread of VF and describes trends of incidence of VF in endemic states and predicted likely trends that might occur under a changing climate. Through reviewing recent and past studies of Coccidioidomycosis and its relationships with climate factors, future impacts of this disease have been categorized and speculated on effects it might have on the United States. Better understanding of how climate factors affect VF as well as identifying regions that require more research could inform both environmental managers and medical professionals with the resources needed to","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109066"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pesticides can be a substantial source of trifluoroacetate (TFA) to water resources","authors":"Hanna Joerss ,&nbsp;Finnian Freeling ,&nbsp;Stefan van Leeuwen ,&nbsp;Juliane Hollender ,&nbsp;Xingang Liu ,&nbsp;Karsten Nödler ,&nbsp;Zhanyun Wang ,&nbsp;Bochi Yu ,&nbsp;Daniel Zahn ,&nbsp;Gabriel Sigmund","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through the application of C-CF₃-containing plant protection products (PPP) in agriculture, a substantial quantity of trifluoroacetate (TFA) can be formed and emitted. We here present estimations of TFA formation potentials from PPP across three important economical regions, namely Europe, the United States of America and China. PPP with TFA formation potential vary in type and use profile across those regions, but can be found throughout, with the estimated maximum TFA emissions ranging from 0 to 83 kg/km² per year. Therein, some PPP are only used for specific crops in specific regions, while others are used more widely. The importance of PPP as a TFA source is supported by the field data from a region in Germany, which revealed a significant increase in TFA groundwater concentrations with agriculture compared to other land uses. Substance-specific TFA formation rates and field studies are necessary to characterize the formation of TFA from precursors under environmental conditions and to rank and prioritize PPP of concern for potential (regulatory) action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109061"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suspect screening candidate exposure biomarkers of acetyl tributyl citrate and acetyl triethyl citrate after human oral administration","authors":"Eu-Kyung Jo ,&nbsp;Jinhyun Kwon ,&nbsp;Daeho Kang ,&nbsp;Junho Jeon ,&nbsp;Younglim Kho ,&nbsp;Mi-Yeon Shin ,&nbsp;Sungkyoon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) and acetyl triethyl citrate (ATEC) are widely used as plasticizers, but their metabolites as exposure biomarkers for biomonitoring, as well as approximate human metabolic pathways, are not well understood. This study addresses this knowledge gap by conducting suspect screening to propose specific metabolites in human urine as potential biomarkers of exposure and explore their kinetic profiles. Ten volunteers were administered deuterium labeled ATBC (ATBC-d₃) and seven received ATEC or deuterium labeled ATEC (ATEC-d₃), with urine samples collected over 48 h post-administration. Employing ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-qTOF/MS), six metabolites of ATBC were consistently detected, including (OH)₃-ATBC-d₃<strong>,</strong> ADBC-d₃<strong>,</strong> OH-ADBC-d₃, DBC, OH-DBC, and OH-DBA. For ATEC, four metabolites were identified: ADEC-d₃<strong>,</strong> AMEC-d₃<strong>,</strong> OH-ADEC-d₃, and DEC. Based on their high detection frequency, relative response, and specificity to their parent compounds, ADBC-d₃ and OH-ADBC-d₃ were identified as promising candidate biomarkers for ATBC exposure, while ADEC-d₃ emerged as a suitable biomarker for ATEC. Estimated urinary elimination half-lives ranged from 1.0 to 9.9 h for ATBC metabolites and 1.6 to 3.0 h for ATEC metabolites. One-compartment kinetic modeling provided preliminary insights into metabolite kinetics. This research advances the understanding of ATBC and ATEC metabolism in humans, providing a foundation for future exposure assessments and toxicological studies. The identified biomarkers and preliminary metabolic profiles offer valuable starting points for biomonitoring and risk assessment of these alternative plasticizers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109062"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Munich’s selective diesel vehicle ban and its impact on nitrogen dioxide concentrations: A quasi-experimental study","authors":"Anna Leibinger ,&nbsp;Eva Rehfuess ,&nbsp;Jacob Burns","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The current limit on NO₂ concentrations of 40 μg/m³, set by the European Union, has been regularly exceeded in Munich, Germany. This limit will likely be reduced towards the WHO recommended target of 10 μg/m3. Against this backdrop, the city implemented a selective diesel vehicle ban within the existing low-emission zone in February 2023, targeting Euro 4 and older diesel vehicles. Our study investigated the effect of Munich’s selective diesel vehicle ban on NO₂ concentrations, focusing on the half-year period following its implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our study utilized a synthetic control approach (primary analysis) and a controlled interrupted time series approach (secondary analysis). These quasi-experimental methodologies create a ‘counterfactual’ no-intervention scenario, enabling comparison between observed and counterfactual scenarios to estimate an intervention effect. We employed historical controls, using routine data from multiple monitoring stations located within and outside the low-emission zone for 2014 to 2022, and considered possible confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>NO₂ concentrations within Munich’s low-emission zone showed overall declining trends from August 2014 to July 2023. Effects of the selective diesel vehicle ban were small and wide confidence intervals indicate large uncertainty in the magnitude and direction of the effect. At Landshuter Allee, the average intervention effect was −2.67 μg/m³ (95 %-CI = [-12.72; 7.38]), at Stachus it was −2.74 μg/m³ (95 %-CI = [-9.91; 4.42]), and at Lothstrasse it was −1.03 μg/m³ (95 %-CI = [-7.75; 5.69]). The secondary analysis confirmed these findings, reinforcing uncertainty about the effect of the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study suggests that Munich’s selective diesel vehicle ban had a limited effect on lowering NO₂ concentrations. Possible explanations include the ban’s focus on Euro 4 and older diesel vehicles, many exemptions to the selective ban, and unclear enforcement. This highlights that comprehensive approaches and ongoing, well-designed monitoring and evaluation are crucial for addressing urban air pollution and protecting public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109067"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multidisciplinary perspective on the role of plastic pollution in the triple planetary crisis","authors":"Christian Schmidt ,&nbsp;Dana Kühnel ,&nbsp;Dušan Materić ,&nbsp;Jessica Stubenrauch,&nbsp;Kristin Schubert,&nbsp;Anran Luo,&nbsp;Katrin Wendt-Potthoff,&nbsp;Annika Jahnke","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this perspective paper, we discuss the negative impacts of plastics and associated chemicals on the triple planetary crisis of environmental pollution, climate change and biodiversity loss from a multidisciplinary perspective. Plastics are part of the pollution crisis, threatening ecosystems and human health. They also impact climate change and accelerate biodiversity loss; in this, they aggravate the triple planetary crisis. We analyze the scientific state-of-the-art to identify critical knowledge gaps regarding the life cycle, release, fate, exposure, hazard and governance of plastics and associated chemicals, as well as links to climate change and biodiversity loss. Based on the outcome, we derive key research needs for a comprehensive hazard assessment of plastics and associated chemicals, amongst others, to address the largely missing regulation of plastic additives and in-use plastics. We offer a holistic perspective bridging disciplinary expertise from natural and social sciences to achieve effective plastic governance and risk management of plastics and associated chemicals that protect the Earth, its ecosystems and human health from the plastics crisis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109059"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(+) Anatoxin-a elicits differential survival, photolocomotor behavior, and gene expression in two alternative vertebrate models","authors":"Lea M. Lovin ,&nbsp;Laura M. Langan ,&nbsp;Kendall R. Scarlett ,&nbsp;Raegyn B. Taylor ,&nbsp;Sujin Kim ,&nbsp;C. Kevin Chambliss ,&nbsp;Saurabh Chatterjee ,&nbsp;J. Thad Scott ,&nbsp;Bryan W. Brooks","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anatoxin-a is a globally occurring, yet understudied, chiral cyanobacterial toxin that threatens public health and the environment. It has led to numerous dog. livestock and bird poisonings and although it has been studied in rodent models, comparatively little research has occurred in aquatic species. To advance a comparative toxicology understanding of this toxin in alternative vertebrate models, developing zebrafish and fathead minnow were exposed to environmentally relevant and elevated levels (13–4400 μg/L) of (+) anatoxin-a to examine potential mortality and sublethal effects, including photolocomotor behavior and gene expression responses. We observed significantly higher mortality (p &lt; 0.05) in fathead minnows exposed to ≥ 1400 μg/L (65 – 83 % survival versus 97 % in controls). Locomotor response profiles for zebrafish typically displayed hypoactivity after exposure to (+) anatoxin-a in both light and dark periods, while hyperactivity of fathead minnows was observed at the lowest treatment level, but only in light conditions. Gene expression in zebrafish was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) downregulated for <em>mbp</em>, which is associated with myelin sheath formation, and <em>elavl3</em>, which is involved in neurogenesis, along with <em>cyp3a65</em> and <em>gst,</em> two genes related to phase I and II metabolism. However, no significant (p &gt; 0.05) transcriptional changes were observed in the fathead minnow model. These differential responses between commonly employed species employed as alternative vertebrate models in toxicology research and chemicals risk assessments highlight the need for more comparative studies to understand sensitivities and variations in organismal response. Furthermore, we identified higher mortality, refractory behavioral effects, and gene expression in (+) anatoxin-a exposed fish when compared to previously reported (±) anatoxin-a (racemic 50:50 enantiomer mixture) studies, which is frequently used as a surrogate chemical for experimental work. Our findings identify the importance of understanding species and enantiomer specific effects of natural toxins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109045"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reciprocal relation between rising longevity and temperature-related mortality risk in older people, Spain 1980–2018","authors":"Simon J LLOYD ,&nbsp;Erich STRIESSNIG ,&nbsp;José Manuel ABURTO ,&nbsp;Hicham ACHEBAK ,&nbsp;Shakoor HAJAT ,&nbsp;Raya MUTTARAK ,&nbsp;Marcos QUIJAL-ZAMORANO ,&nbsp;Constanza VIELMA ,&nbsp;Joan BALLESTER","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2024.109050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperature-related mortality mostly affects older people and is attributable to a combination of factors. We focussed on a key non-temperature factor – rising longevity – and aimed to quantify its reciprocal relation with temperature-related mortality risk in Spain over 1980–2018.</div><div>We obtained average annual temperature-attributable deaths among people aged 65y+, by sex and age group, for different temperature ranges (extreme cold, moderate cold, moderate heat, and extreme heat), from a previous study. Combining this with population and mortality data as well as life table information, we used: (i) a counterfactual approach to assess the contribution of rising longevity to changes in the absolute risk of temperature-related mortality, and (ii) decomposition to assess the contribution of changes in temperature-related mortality to changes in longevity and its variation (lifespan inequality).</div><div>Rising longevity led to considerable declines in the absolute risk of temperature-related mortality in females and males across the entire temperature range. For extreme heat, it accounted for about a 30% decrease in absolute risk (half of the total decrease over the study period). For moderate and extreme cold, it accounted for about a 20% fall in absolute risk (a quarter of the total fall). In the opposite direction, changing patterns of temperature-related deaths contributed to higher life expectancy (accounting for &gt; 20% of the total rise in both females and males) but also higher lifespan inequality amongst older people. Most of the influence (about 80%) was via moderate cold, but declines in risk at both moderate and extreme heat led to small rises in life expectancy.</div><div>Our study points to the benefits of adopting risk-reduction strategies that aim, not only at modifying hazards and reducing exposure, but that also address socially-generated vulnerability among older people. This includes ensuring that lifespans lengthen primarily through increases in years lived in good health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 109050"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}