Environment International最新文献

{"title":"Distinctive respiratory toxicity induced by hypoxanthine metabolic disorder from polystyrene microplastics and nanoplastics at environmentally relevant doses: multi-omics insights and experimental validation","authors":"Xiaole Xu ,&nbsp;Mengnan He ,&nbsp;Meiqi Lan ,&nbsp;Lan Qiu ,&nbsp;Jiajing Wang ,&nbsp;Chenghui Zhong ,&nbsp;Liqiu Qiu ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Lu ,&nbsp;Jingwen Fang ,&nbsp;Shaojuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhizun Deng ,&nbsp;Yingxin Chen ,&nbsp;Ping Guo ,&nbsp;Yun Zhou ,&nbsp;Lieyang Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are pervasive environmental contaminants, raising concerns about their potential to cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and lung injury through respiratory toxicity. Due to their smaller size, larger surface area, and greater reactivity, NPs may pose a greater risk than MPs, yet size-dependent toxicity mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates the distinct early molecular initiating events and toxicological effects of 1 μm polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) and 20 nm polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs). Based on the internal exposure dose estimated from Py-GC/MS analysis, <em>in vitro</em> exposure concentrations were set at 0, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL. Multi-omics sequencing and integrative analysis identify specific proteomic and metabolomic alterations. Molecular dynamics simulations and co-immunoprecipitation assays elucidate binding interactions between PS-NPs-induced proteins and metabolic enzymes. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments reveal a greater accumulation of PS-NPs through endocytosis compared to PS-MPs; while pronounced histopathological damage with inflammatory response in mice lungs were only induced by PS-NPs, rather than PS-MPs. Compared to control group, PS-MPs partly caused proteomic or metabolomic perturbations, while PS-NPs induced significant differential expression of more extensive proteins and metabolites. PS-NPs exposure specifically upregulates insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (IGF2R) expression and reduces Hypoxanthine levels when compared with PS-MPs. IGF2R directly interacts with Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT), a key enzyme in Hypoxanthine metabolism, causing its disruption. This study provides important insights into the comparative toxic effects between PS-NPs with PS-MPs, especially the unique toxicological mechanisms of PS-NPs, thereby advancing the understanding of airborne plastic pollutant risks and supporting future regulatory assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110212"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human cerebral organoids reveal PFOA-induced axonal injury as a conserved mechanism of neurodevelopmental disruption","authors":"Wei-Ran Chen ,&nbsp;Yun Huang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Jian Yang ,&nbsp;Tai Ren ,&nbsp;Lingli Zhang ,&nbsp;Tailin Zhu ,&nbsp;Xingyue Shan ,&nbsp;Yatao Du ,&nbsp;Guangdi Zhou ,&nbsp;Yongjie Liu ,&nbsp;Yunjun Sun ,&nbsp;Qianlong Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei-Guang Li ,&nbsp;Yi Dong ,&nbsp;Fei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a persistent environmental contaminant of growing public health concern, has been epidemiologically linked to neurodevelopmental deficits, yet its direct pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly defined. Our study addresses this critical gap by employing a unique cross-species framework that integrates zebrafish behavior with human neural organoids—a innovative approach that bridges in vivo physiology with human-specific molecular insights. We demonstrate that embryonic PFOA exposure selectively impairs social behavior in zebrafish while sparing basic motor function, a deficit paralleled by disrupted network activity in human cortical organoids. Mechanistically, we identify a precise developmental disruption: PFOA blocks neuronal differentiation without altering progenitor proliferation, leading to transient growth impairment and lasting neuronal structural deficits. Cross-model transcriptomics revealed conserved axonal and synaptic pathway disruption, centered on downregulation of the structural gene NEFL, which we validated at the protein level. Our findings not only establish a new paradigm for PFOA neurotoxicity but also highlight the value of human neural organoids in environmental risk assessment. By directly linking molecular pathogenesis to functional impairment across species, this work provides crucial mechanistic evidence for regulatory decision-making and underscores the unique vulnerability of the developing human nervous system to environmental contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110233"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147620037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The amphipod ecdysone receptor as a complementary tool for environmental risk assessment: from functional analysis to proof of concept study","authors":"João Sousa ,&nbsp;Anabelle Espeyte ,&nbsp;Teresa Neuparth ,&nbsp;Rémi Recoura-Massaquant ,&nbsp;Sarah Bancel ,&nbsp;Nicolas Delorme ,&nbsp;Arnaud Chaumot ,&nbsp;L. Filipe C. Castro ,&nbsp;Miguel M. Santos ,&nbsp;Olivier Geffard ,&nbsp;Raquel Ruivo ,&nbsp;Davide Degli-Esposti","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) pose significant risks to aquatic wildlife by disrupting hormonal signaling pathways, notably those mediated by nuclear receptors (NRs) – key regulators of endocrine processes. For decades, <em>in vitro</em> bioassays based on the interaction between NRs and EDCs have been used to investigate EDC activity in chemical monitoring and risk assessment frameworks. Yet, current guidelines are mostly restricted to vertebrate species, failing to capture the diversity of chemical-induced NR-driven effects in aquatic animals – particularly arthropods, whose endocrine systems are highly divergent. Thus, this study aimed to develop an <em>in vitro</em> approach for the assessment of EDCs targeting ecdysone signaling, a key endocrine pathway regulating molting and development in arthropods. For this, we have examined the ecdysone receptor (EcR), a target of ecdysone-mimicking pesticides, and its heterodimeric partner, the retinoid X receptor (RXR), both crucial for ecdysone-mediated signaling, in key amphipod species for freshwater and coastal ecosystems, <em>Gammarus fossarum</em> and <em>G. locusta</em>. Following identification and phylogenetic validation, we established a luciferase-based reporter gene assay that allowed us to characterize EcR:RXR responsiveness to ecdysteroids (<em>e.g.,</em> ponasterone A), as well as the detection of chemicals with EcR-disrupting activity, such as the insecticides methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide. The application of this tool was then extended to environmental water samples, for the screening of French river basins, providing the first proof of concept for the identification of sampling sites with putative EcR agonistic activity. These findings aim to offer a complementary approach to current environmental frameworks, in the scope of investigative monitoring, towards the inclusion of underrepresented invertebrate species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110210"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147524482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BeefPOP: a physiologically based toxicokinetic model describing the fate of polychlorinated biphenyls in growing beef cattle","authors":"Audrey Tiercin ,&nbsp;John Albechaalany ,&nbsp;Charlotte Driesen ,&nbsp;Philippe Schmidely ,&nbsp;Isabelle Ortigues-Marty ,&nbsp;Markus Zennegg ,&nbsp;Daniel Sauvant ,&nbsp;Christelle Loncke ,&nbsp;Sylvain Lerch","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that bioaccumulate in livestock and threaten food safety. Understanding PCB kinetics in farm animals is essential for effective risk management. This study introduces BeefPOP, a mechanistic model that couples fugacity and physiologically based toxicokinetic concepts with animal feeding and physiology to simulate PCB kinetics in growing cattle. The model was optimized and evaluated using data from a toxicokinetic experiment involving Simmental cattle under controlled PCB exposure. BeefPOP demonstrated satisfactory predictive performance for adipose tissue PCB concentrations, with good accuracy (deviations below 1.4-fold of the biological observations and mean absolute percentage errors below 20%), and adequacy (<em>R²</em> &gt; 0.79). Predictions for muscle and liver were slightly less satisfactory. Eighteen prospective scenarios were simulated, considering two cattle categories (Angus crossed Hereford steers and Charolais bulls), three growth itineraries (slow, fast, and compensatory growth), and three sources of PCB exposure (wall paint, contaminated feedstuff, and soil). Prospective simulations showed that PCB concentrations in adipose tissue were mostly influenced by growth rate, followed by cattle category and source of exposure. The highest bioconcentration factor was found in slow-growing Charolais bulls under wall paint exposure. Fast-growing early maturing cattle (i.e., Angus crossed Hereford steers) diluted PCBs more effectively due to shorter raising periods and higher lipid accretion. Such use of the model underscores the complex interplay between contaminant properties, growth physiology, and farming practices on PCB toxicokinetics. BeefPOP can support food safety risk management by predicting the fate of lipophilic contaminants in growing cattle under diverse farming scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110193"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147448235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 in Shenzhen, China, 2023–2025: evidence from wastewater, clinical, and climatic data","authors":"Bincai Wei ,&nbsp;Chen Du ,&nbsp;Ziquan Lv ,&nbsp;Yulin Fu ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanwei Du ,&nbsp;Ziming Peng ,&nbsp;Hong Xu ,&nbsp;Xiuyuan Shi ,&nbsp;Ziqi Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Huang ,&nbsp;Panpan Yang ,&nbsp;Xi Yang ,&nbsp;Guixian Luo ,&nbsp;Dingjie Huang ,&nbsp;Bingchan Guo ,&nbsp;Ting Huang ,&nbsp;Yinghui Li ,&nbsp;Bin Zhu ,&nbsp;Qinghua Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wastewater-based epidemiology has emerged as a crucial tool for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 circulation beyond clinical testing. Despite the official end of the COVID-19 public health emergency, intermittent resurgences continue to challenge preparedness and early response. This study investigated SARS-CoV-2 epidemic dynamics in Shenzhen, China (April 2023-June 2025), integrating 5,868 wastewater measurements, 277,869 reported cases, 4,249 clinical genomes, 1,897 wastewater genomes, and corresponding meteorological data. Correlation analyses, subgroup analyses, and generalized additive models were applied to examine the relationships between temperature, humidity, and epidemic activity. Epidemic baselines were empirically defined based on candidate points showing the largest sustained changes over at least two consecutive weeks in reported infections and wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations, using both manual assessment and a median-based threshold, enabling identification of epidemic onset and characterization of recurrent infection activity. Four distinct epidemic waves were identified, with resurgences predominantly occurring between February and April. Epidemic activity occurred under diverse temperature–humidity conditions, rather than being confined to low-temperature or low-humidity periods. Derived baselines (wastewater: 2.75 × 10⁴ copies/L; clinical: 1,318 cases/week) and median baselines (wastewater: 1.75 × 10⁴ copies/L; clinical: 1,156 cases/week) provide practical benchmarks for signaling periods warranting public health attention. Across the major epidemic waves included in the analysis, wastewater-based surveillance detected epidemic onsets that were temporally concordant with, or modestly earlier than, those indicated by clinical reporting. These findings highlight the potential of wastewater surveillance with empirically defined baselines as a framework for early-warning and informed public health response in post-pandemic settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110208"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal essential and toxic metal mixtures in late pregnancy and neonatal birth weight","authors":"Jiayi Xiang ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Zhang ,&nbsp;Katrin Huesker ,&nbsp;Yvonne Liu ,&nbsp;Johann-Georg Hocher ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Zeyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Huifang Zhang ,&nbsp;Bernhard K. Krämer ,&nbsp;Volker von Baehr ,&nbsp;Berthold Hocher","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prenatal exposure to toxic metals has been consistently associated with impaired fetal growth, yet pregnant individuals are simultaneously exposed to mixtures of essential and toxic metals. Evidence on how such complex metal mixtures in late pregnancy influence birth outcomes in European populations remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a prospective study of 2,754 German mother–infant pairs, 37 metals were measured in maternal blood during late pregnancy. We used elastic net regression, restricted cubic splines, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and quantile g-computation to evaluate individual and mixture effects on birth weight, adjusting for key sociodemographic and clinical covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 2,754 mother–infant pairs (median [IQR] maternal age, 30 [26–34] years; median [IQR] birth weight, 3368.0 [3025.0–3725.0] g), mixture analyses identified manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), and cesium (Cs) as key metals associated with birth weight. Mn (β = 57.86) and Co (β = 30.11) were positively associated with birth weight, whereas Cd (β = -40.82) and Cs (β = -25.52) were inversely associated. Bayesian kernel machine regression revealed that higher Mn concentrations were associated with weaker negative associations of Cs and Cd with birth weight. Quantile g-computation showed that mixtures dominated by Mn and Co were associated with higher birth weight (37.34 g [95% CI, 5.64 to 69.05 g]; 44.06 g [95% CI, 12.96 to 75.15 g]), while mixtures including Cd and Cs showed nonsignificant negative associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this large European birth cohort, fetal growth was associated with the combined effects of essential and toxic metals rather than isolated exposures. The positive associations of manganese and cobalt with birth weight were weaker in the presence of co-exposure to cadmium and cesium, highlighting the importance of mixture-oriented environmental risk assessment. Integrated public health strategies that reduce toxic metal exposure while ensuring adequate maternal micronutrient status may be relevant for optimizing birth outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110244"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147630194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling hepatotoxicity: mechanistic insights into food chain-transferred nanoplastics disrupting PPAR signaling and liver metabolism","authors":"Yutian Shi ,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Qu ,&nbsp;Yuewen Han ,&nbsp;Yuheng Li ,&nbsp;Guoming Sun ,&nbsp;Huayang Sun ,&nbsp;Chang Lu ,&nbsp;Ruixuan Qu ,&nbsp;Meng Zhang ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Baoqin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of increasing global plastic consumption, nanoplastics (NPs) formed from the degradation of plastic waste have become widespread in ecological media. These particles can transfer through the food chain to higher trophic organisms, accumulating in organs and posing a health risk. As the primary metabolic organ for ingested NPs, the liver demands urgent investigation into the toxicity mechanisms induced by these particles. Here, we employed a multi-omics-integrated approach to investigate the impact of food chain-transferred nanoplastics (FCT-NPs) on hepatic metabolic and detoxification functions in mice. Our findings demonstrated substantial enrichment of FCT-NPs in liver, resulting in histopathological damage, impaired liver function, and metabolic homeostasis disruption. Transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses collectively identified the suppression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway as a central mechanism of FCT-NPs-induced hepatotoxicity. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed a potential direct interaction site between NPs and the PPAR ligand-binding domain, suggesting a mechanistic basis for toxicity. Specifically, inhibition of the PPAR pathway downregulated key downstream processes, disrupting fatty acid transport and metabolism, retinoid and steroid metabolism, and redox balance. This study provides the first mechanistic evidence linking dietary FCT-NPs exposure to PPAR interaction and metabolic dysfunction, thereby advancing risk assessment for NPs-induced liver injury in both mammals and humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110248"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147649219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of serum metal/metalloids with ovarian reserve and inflammation mediation: a repeated-measures longitudinal study","authors":"Shuangyan Liu ,&nbsp;Mingjian Fu ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Ye ,&nbsp;Yunhua Zi ,&nbsp;Baode Xue ,&nbsp;Xinyu Ji ,&nbsp;Yujie Zou ,&nbsp;Lin Liu ,&nbsp;Chunyan Chen ,&nbsp;Xinliu Zeng ,&nbsp;Kuai Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Little is known about associations of metal/metalloids (the widespread environmental pollutants) with ovarian reserve, and the underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a longitudinal study of 897 women (20–49 years) with 1958 repeated observations from two infertility centers in Hubei, China, and measured 22 serum metal/metalloids, C-reactive protein, cell-based inflammatory biomarkers, and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) at baseline and follow-up surveys. We examined associations of metal/metalloid exposures with AMH levels and diminished ovarian reserve (DOR, defined as AMH &lt; 1.1 ng/mL) risk using single- and multiple-metal/metalloid models, and explored the mediating role of inflammatory biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of all observations, the median (P25, P75) of AMH levels was 2.81 (1.56, 4.90) ng/mL. Each 1-unit increment in log-transformed cobalt was cross-sectionally associated with 23.68% (13.57%, 32.60%) decreased AMH levels and 118% (33%, 255%) higher risk of DOR. Joint exposure to 22 metal/metalloids reduced AMH levels, with cobalt contributing the largest weight (0.3150) and posterior inclusion probability (0.9990). In longitudinal analyses, we observed decreased AMH levels in association with cobalt (13.61% [5.84%, 20.98%]), molybdenum (12.10% [2.60%, 20.76%]), and antimony (7.28% [0.26%, 13.79%]), and increased risks of DOR in association with nickel (1.23 [1.04, 1.46]), antimony (2.62 [1.62, 4.23]), and lead (1.32 [1.04, 1.66]). Additionally, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, and percentage of monocyte mediated 7.15%-15.79% of the associations of cobalt with AMH levels and DOR risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings revealed the potential hazards of metal/metalloids on ovarian reserve, identified the key metal/metalloid specie (cobalt), and provided novel insights on inflammatory mechanisms for metal/metalloid-associated DOR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110246"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and bone mineral density in Norwegian adolescents: sex-specific associations and mixture effects","authors":"Jin Wang ,&nbsp;Maria Averina ,&nbsp;Sandra Huber ,&nbsp;Guri Grimnes ,&nbsp;Gunhild Øygard Fosse ,&nbsp;Åshild Bjørnerem ,&nbsp;Elin Kristin Evensen ,&nbsp;Jonas Johansson ,&nbsp;Ragnar Martin Joakimsen","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adolescence is the critical period for the development of peak bone mass. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread endocrine disruptors that may disturb skeletal development, but evidence in Nordic adolescents is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate sex-specific associations between serum PFAS and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) Z-scores among Norwegian adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study utilised data from Fit Futures 1 (2010–2011), a cohort of adolescents in Northern Norway. Eighteen serum PFAS were quantified, and aBMD Z-scores (femoral neck, total hip, total body) were calculated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We used multivariable linear regression and mixture analyses (quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression) to estimate sex-specific associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 889 participants (421 girls and 468 boys; mean age 16.2 years), eight PFAS had detection rates &gt;70%. The sum of linear and branched perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (ΣPFOS) had the highest median concentration (6.23 ng/ml). Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) (β = –0.16 per doubling, 95% CI: –0.26, –0.06) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (β = –0.15 per doubling, 95% CI: –0.24, –0.06) showed consistent inverse association with total body aBMD. Mixture analyses suggested modest inverse overall mixture estimates, but 95% confidence intervals crossed the null. Sex-stratified analyses suggested that estimates tended to be more negative in boys than in girls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher concentrations of several PFAS, particularly PFNA and PFDA, were modestly associated with lower aBMD Z-scores in Norwegian adolescents, most consistently for total body aBMD. Evidence for mixture effects and sex-specific differences was limited, although inverse associations tended to be more pronounced in boys. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify temporal relationships and long-term skeletal impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110235"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147619659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Street-view-measured greenspace components and childhood myopia: A population-based cross-sectional and prospective cohort study","authors":"Yingan Li ,&nbsp;Yuzhou Zhang ,&nbsp;Charlene C. Yim ,&nbsp;Lixian Su ,&nbsp;Ka Wai Kam ,&nbsp;Poemen Chan ,&nbsp;Patrick Ip ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Alvin Young ,&nbsp;Chi Pui Pang ,&nbsp;Clement C. Tham ,&nbsp;Li Jia Chen ,&nbsp;Mei Po Kwan ,&nbsp;Jason C. Yam","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envint.2026.110230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Greater greenspace exposure may be associated with a lower risk of childhood myopia. However, most studies rely on satellite-derived greenness indices that cannot capture ground-level visual exposure or differentiate greenspace components. Whether specific greenspace components are differentially associated with myopia remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine associations between street-view-measured greenspace components and childhood myopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional and prospective cohort study included children aged 6 to 8 years from a population-based study in Hong Kong (2015–2021). Incident myopia was assessed among children without myopia at baseline who completed 3-year follow-up. Applying deep learning segmentation to street-view imagery, we quantified four specific greenspace components (trees, grass, plants, and fields) within 500-m residential and school buffers. A time-weighted “home-school” metric was generated to represent cumulative daily exposure. Myopia was defined as cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction ≤−80.50 diopters. Associations were estimated using multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models with school-level cluster-robust standard errors, adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioral covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 20,422 children, 5,623 (27.5%) had myopia at baseline. Cross-sectionally, higher cumulative exposures to home-school-trees (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90–0.97), home-school-grass (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90–0.99), and home-school-plants (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89–0.97) were associated with lower myopia prevalence, while home-school-fields increased myopia odds (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01–1.10). In prospective analyses of 2,667 children, only home-school-plants consistently associated with reduced incident myopia (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83–0.96), whereas home-fields increased incident myopia risk (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01–1.09). Protective effects of grass and plants were more pronounced among children with higher near-work time and those from lower-income families (both <em>P</em> for interaction &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Specific street-view greenspace components were differentially associated with childhood myopia. These findings suggest the potential importance of considering specific greenspace components in urban planning strategies relevant to childhood myopia prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":308,"journal":{"name":"Environment International","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 110230"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147620142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}