Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Questionnaire on the Current Status and Awareness of Palliative Medicine by Community Cooperation Pharmacies.","authors":"Keigo Nagatani, Mayu Nakahara, Sachiko Omotani, Michiaki Myotoku","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12040110","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12040110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community cooperation pharmacies are equipped to prepare narcotics and sterile injectable drugs for palliative medicine at home for cancer pain and end-of-life care; however, to the best of our knowledge, the actual status of the system to provide palliative medicine at home has not yet been examined. Therefore, in this study, given that home palliative medicine is one of the accreditation criteria for community cooperation pharmacies, a questionnaire survey was conducted among managing pharmacists engaged in community cooperation pharmacies to investigate the actual status of the system to provide appropriate services, mainly pain management, to patients who need home palliative medicine. An analysis of responses to the questionnaire showed that pharmacists working in community cooperation pharmacies had a high level of understanding of the proper use of rescue doses of medical narcotics and patient guidance. Pharmacists with experience in sterile and injection preparations also had a high level of understanding of palliative medicine. On the other hand, they had a low level of understanding of the WHO method for cancer pain treatment and appropriate suggestions for opioid switching. These results indicate that the creation of learning opportunities, such as training on injectables and prescription designs, for pharmacists in community cooperation pharmacies is one of the measures that may improve their understanding of palliative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition's Role in Quality Healthcare in the United States: Opportunities and Education for Pharmacists to Take a Bite of the Apple and Strengthen Their Skills.","authors":"Jeff Cai, Andie Lee Gonzalez, Mary Beth Arensberg","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12040103","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12040103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With global chronic disease rates on the rise, diet and nutrition remain pivotal yet under-appreciated aspects of healthcare, including in pharmacy practice. This perspective paper delves into how current United States health policies support nutrition's role in healthcare and its integration into pharmacy practice. The paper also reviews the landscape of nutrition education and training for pharmacists, pharmacy roles in multidisciplinary teams and interprofessional nutrition care, and the opportunities for post-graduate nutrition-focused certification, training, and continuing education. It advocates for a paradigm shift towards greater emphasis on nutrition within pharmacy practice, to improve skills and benefit quality patient nutrition care.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Changes in the Distribution of Hydrocodone and Oxycodone in Florida from 2006 to 2021.","authors":"Elena Lynn Stains, Akshay C Patel, Jay P Solgama, Joseph D Hagedorn, Kenneth L McCall, Brian J Piper","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12040102","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12040102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Florida, which led the country in terms of its number of opioid-prescribing physicians, was unique during the height of the opioid epidemic because of its lax prescribing laws and high number of unregulated pain clinics. Here, we address differences in the distribution rates of oxycodone and hydrocodone across Florida counties during the peak years of the opioid epidemic using an under-utilized database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Washington Post and the United States Drug Enforcement Administration's Automation of Reports and Consolidated Orders System (ARCOS) databases provided longitudinal oxycodone and hydrocodone distribution data in grams per county (2006-2014) and state (2006-2021). Grams of oxycodone and hydrocodone were converted into morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a steep increase in oxycodone from 2006 to 2010, with a subsequent decline. In 2010, the average MME per person across Florida was 729.4, a 120.6% increase from 2006. The three counties with the highest MMEs per person in 2010 were Hillsborough (2271.3), Hernando (1915.3), and Broward (1726.9), and they were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) elevated relative to the average county.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data demonstrated pronounced differences in opioid distribution, particularly oxycodone, between Florida counties during the height of the opioid epidemic. Legislative action taken between 2009 and 2011 aligns with the considerable decline in opioid distribution after 2010.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent Perspectives on the Pharmacy-Based T-EVER (Teen E-Cigarette and Vaping Educational Resource) and Its Potential Impact on Youth Vaping.","authors":"Grace C Klubertanz, McKennah J Matulle, Jenny S Li, Olufunmilola Abraham","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12040101","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12040101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While public health efforts have made tobacco smoking near obsolete among adolescents, vaping products are quickly taking their place. With the negative health consequences looming ahead of young vapers, there is a desperate need to curb youth vaping. Adolescents want to be actively engaged in their health which creates space to educate on vaping in this population segment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January to May 2023, 35 adolescents aged 11-18 participated in interviews to assess the investigator-developed Teen E-cigarette and Vaping Educational Resource (T-EVER). All the interviews were recorded and transcribed for independent analysis by two study team members.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants liked the T-EVER, indicating they were engaged in the content. However, some participants wanted more information. The participants wanted health professionals to educate them on vaping but were worried about the potential barriers facing the implementation in community pharmacy settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents want to learn about vaping, but there are limited opportunities to do so. The T-EVER is designed to educate youth about vaping. This tool was well received and has the potential to be used by pharmacists as a vaping prevention and cessation intervention. More research is required to discern the true scope of the pharmacist's role in using an educational tool to address adolescent vaping.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering the Possible Role of Pharmacists According to the Presence or Absence of Lifestyle-Related Diseases at the Time of Coronary CT Examination and Trends of Medication Use for These Diseases by Medical Doctors.","authors":"Erika Miura-Takahashi, Kohei Tashiro, Yuhei Shiga, Yuto Kawahira, Sara Higashi, Yuki Otsu, Hidetoshi Kamimura, Shin-Ichiro Miura","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12040099","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12040099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Because patients often already have coronary artery disease (CAD) at the time of a coronary artery computed tomography angiography (CCTA) examination, we examined the medications prescribed by medical doctors for lifestyle-related diseases and investigated what possible role pharmacists can play in prescribing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients (n = 1357) who underwent CCTA examination were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of lifestyle-related diseases [hypertension (HTN), dyslipidemia (DL) and diabetes mellitus (DM)], and the relationship between the presence or absence of CAD was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of CAD was significantly higher in patients with HTN, DL or DM than in patients without these diseases. The blood pressure in the HTN group was 140 ± 20/79 ± 13 mmHg, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol value in the DL group was 119 ± 35 mg/dL, and the hemoglobin A1c value in the DM group was 7.0 ± 1.1%, all of which were poorly controlled. Anti-hypertensive drugs were used at low rates in the HTN group, statins were used in 47% and ezetimibe was used in 4% of the DL group, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors were used in 41% of the DM group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Since the rate of CAD (+) was high and control of the three major lifestyle-related diseases was poor, pharmacists should advise medical doctors to use combinations of drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Significance of Pharmaceutical Care in Mental Health: A Spotlight on <i>Cannabis</i>.","authors":"Claudete da Costa-Oliveira, Michele Lafayette Pereira, Nicole Ferrari de Carvalho, Luiza Aparecida Luna Silvério, Ygor Jessé Ramos, Priscila Gava Mazzola","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12040100","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12040100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although preliminary evidence suggests <i>Cannabis</i>'s efficacy in symptom control for anxiety and depression-psychiatric disorders that significantly impact mental health-much remains to be understood about its effects on the central nervous system (CNS) and how to optimize treatment for these disorders. This study aims to conduct a narrative review to evaluate pharmaceutical care in treating symptoms of anxiety and depression alongside <i>Cannabis</i> use, focusing on safety and therapeutic efficacy optimization. We seek to conceptualize anxiety and depression disorders, review evidence on <i>Cannabis</i> use, evaluate the evidence quality, and identify knowledge gaps. Twelve articles were identified, revealing a significant gap in the literature regarding the integration of pharmaceutical care with <i>Cannabis</i>-based therapies, specifically for anxiety and depression. Despite a growing interest in the relationship between <i>Cannabis</i> and mental health, current research is insufficient for a comprehensive understanding. The relationship between <i>Cannabis</i> use and anxiety and depression disorders requires further, more targeted investigations. This study underscores the importance of future research to fill existing gaps, providing informed insights and robust guidelines for the safe and effective use of <i>Cannabis</i> as part of the treatment for anxiety and depression. It is crucial that pharmaceutical care integrates these therapies responsibly to improve the overall well-being of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacists' Willingness to Offer Vaccination Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Arit Udoh, Desak Ernawati, Ifunanya Ikhile, Asma Yahyouche","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12040098","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12040098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacy-based vaccination (PBV) services increase coverage and enhance access to lifesaving vaccines. This systematic review assessed the proportion of pharmacists willing to offer PBV services. PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and Scopus electronic databases were searched from inception to identify relevant literature. Google scholar and other sources of grey literature was also searched. The literature findings were synthesized narratively, and via a random-effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias was evaluated using nine quality assessment criteria adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for prevalence studies. The review protocol is registered on PROSPERO (REF: CRD42021293692). In total, 967 articles were identified from the literature search. Of this, 34 articles from 19 countries across 5 WHO regions were included in the review. No article from the Western Pacific WHO region was identified. Most of the included studies (n = 21, 61.8%) showed an overall low risk of bias. None showed a high risk of bias. Pooled willingness for PBV services was 69.45% (95% CI: 61.58-76.33; n total pharmacists = 8877), indicating that most pharmacists were willing to offer the service, although nearly a third were not. Pharmacists' willingness was highest in the Americas (71.49%, 95% CI: 53.32-84.63, n pharmacists = 3842) and lowest in the African region (58.71%, 95% CI: 45.86-70.46, n pharmacists = 1080) although the between-group difference was not statistically significant across the WHO regions (Q = 3.01, df = 4, <i>p</i> < 0.5567). Meta-regression showed no evidence (R² = 0%, <i>p</i> = 0.9871) of the moderating effect of the type of vaccine assessed, PBV service availability, sampling technique and the study risk of bias. These findings show that most pharmacists are willing to offer PBV services; however, strategies that will enhance greater involvement in service provision are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Educational Brochure about Treatment Options for Pregnant Women with Opioid Use Disorders.","authors":"Ruth Jeminiwa, Sohyeon Park, Caroline Popielaski, Meghan Gannon, Ronald Myers, Diane J Abatemarco","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12040097","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12040097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of this study was to describe the development of an educational brochure for pregnant women with opioid use disorders (OUDs) about treatment options. Based on findings from a preliminary review of the literature, we drafted a brochure that addressed the following questions: (1) What are your options (Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) versus no treatment)? (2) What are the benefits of MAT? (3) What are the risks of MAT? (4) Can I take buprenorphine or methadone while breastfeeding? (5) Which medication should I choose? Clinicians and doulas (n = 19) who provide care to pregnant women with OUDs were recruited. Semi-structured interviews elicited participants' feedback on brochure content and their perceptions about brochure use for patient education. Thematic data analyses were performed. Three emergent themes were identified (suggested uses and settings of use, content revisions, and perceptions about the brochure) and used to refine the final brochure. This study provides valuable insights into the desired content of an educational brochure describing treatment options for pregnant women with OUDs from the provider's standpoint. Research is needed to assess the use of the brochure in shared decision-making conversations with providers about treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11270208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Pertinent Digital Health Topics to Incorporate into Self-Care Pharmacy Education.","authors":"Jason C Wong, Luiza Hekimyan, Francheska Anne Cruz, Taylor Brower","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12030096","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12030096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ever-evolving landscape of digital health technology has dramatically enhanced patients' ability to manage their health through self-care effectively. These advancements have created various categories of self-care products, including medication management, health tracking, and wellness. There is no published research regarding integrating digital health into pharmacy self-care courses. This study aims to identify pertinent digital health devices and applications to incorporate into self-care course education. Digital health limitations, challenges incorporating digital health in self-care pharmacy education, and potential solutions are also reviewed. In conducting this research, many resources, including PubMed, APhA, ASHP, fda.gov, and digital.health, were reviewed in March 2024 to gather information on digital health devices and applications. To supplement this, targeted keyword searches were conducted on topics such as \"digital health\", \"devices\", \"applications\", \"technology\", and \"self-care\" across various online platforms. We identified digital health devices and applications suitable for self-care education across eight topics, as follows: screening, insomnia, reproductive disorders, eye disorders, home medical equipment, GI disorders, pediatrics, and respiratory disorders. Among these topics, wellness screening had the most digital health products available. For all other topics, at least three or more products were identified as relevant to self-care curriculum. By equipping students with digital health knowledge, they can effectively apply it in patient care throughout their rotations and future practice. Many digital health products, including telemedicine, electronic health records, mobile health applications, and wearable devices, are ideal for inclusion in pharmacy curriculum as future educational material. Future research is needed to develop the best strategies for incorporating relevant digital health into self-care education and defining the best student-learning strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11207556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141451665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to Expand Community Pharmacists' Scope of Practice.","authors":"Zaynah Zureen Ali, Helen Skouteris, Stephanie Pirotta, Safeera Yasmeen Hussainy, Yi Ling Low, Danielle Mazza, Anisa Rojanapenkul Assifi","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12030095","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12030095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of community pharmacists has evolved beyond the dispensing of medicines. The aim of this scoping review was to describe the interventions that expand the pharmacist's scope of practice within a community pharmacy setting and assess their effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a scoping review to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), published worldwide from 2013 to 2024, which focused on interventions designed to expand pharmacists' scope of practice in the community. The review was undertaken in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. To address the aim of this scoping review, the included RCTs were mapped to themes influenced by the Professional Practice Standards 2023 as developed by the Pharmaceutical Society of Australia: medication management, collaborative care and medication adherence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies demonstrated the potential to expand community pharmacists' scope of practice. Two RCTs resulted in no effect of the intervention. One RCT (conducted in Italy) led to an actual change to community pharmacists' scope of practice, with a statistically significant improvement in the proportion of patients with controlled asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>On the whole, this scoping review synthesised the findings of peer-reviewed RCT studies that revealed expanding community pharmacists' scope of practice may result in improved patient outcomes, a reduced burden for the healthcare system, and greater productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11207271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141451705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}