Pharmacy最新文献_第4页

Relationship between Pharmacists' Emotional Intelligence and Job Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia. 药剂师情商与工作绩效之间的关系：沙特阿拉伯的一项横断面研究。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050145

Yasser S Almogbel, Muath A Alsalloum, Rubiaan S Almadi, Abdulaziz A Almazyad, Yusuf M Garwan, Razan A Alregaibah

{"title":"Relationship between Pharmacists' Emotional Intelligence and Job Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Yasser S Almogbel, Muath A Alsalloum, Rubiaan S Almadi, Abdulaziz A Almazyad, Yusuf M Garwan, Razan A Alregaibah","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy12050145","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmacists' job performance is crucial for improving pharmacy services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of emotional intelligence with the job performance of pharmacists in Saudi Arabia. Using social media platforms, we disseminated an online questionnaire to pharmacists licensed to practice in Saudi Arabia between June and July 2022. The questionnaire was filled out by 352 pharmacists. The majority of the participants were women (60.5%) and working as community pharmacists (55.7%). On self-reported emotional intelligence and job performance scales, the respondents scored an average of 5.5 ± 0.9 (out of 7) and 4.0 ± 0.6 (out of 5), respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that emotional intelligence had a significant relationship with job performance (β = 0.43, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the findings indicated that emotional intelligence may influence the job performance of pharmacists in Saudi Arabia. As the primary objective of every organization is to accomplish the best possible performance, prioritizing emotional intelligence is important. Further research is needed to identify the impact of emotional intelligence on work performance, which could potentially enhance clinical outcomes for patients.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review of Studies on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Community Pharmacies in States with Restrictive Pharmacist Prescription Authority in the United States. 美国药剂师处方权受限州社区药房艾滋病暴露前预防研究综述》（A Review of Studies on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Community Pharmacies in States with Restrictive Pharmacist Prescription Authority）。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050144

Hongmei Wang, Dominique Guinn, Xavier Roshitha Ramisetty, Thomas P Giordano, Ivy O Poon

{"title":"A Review of Studies on HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Community Pharmacies in States with Restrictive Pharmacist Prescription Authority in the United States.","authors":"Hongmei Wang, Dominique Guinn, Xavier Roshitha Ramisetty, Thomas P Giordano, Ivy O Poon","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy12050144","url":null,"abstract":"Community pharmacies have unparalleled potential to increase access to pre-exposure prophylaxis medications (PrEP) for HIV prevention; however, only 17 out of 50 states in the United States have statewide authority for pharmacists to provide PrEP at community pharmacies. Few studies have reported on how pharmacists overcome the legislative barrier and provide PrEP services in restrictive pharmacy prescription states. The objective of this article is to identify the existing primary literature describing pharmacist PrEP services in the community in states with restrictive prescription authority.Methods: A systemic literature review was conducted to identify the primary literature that involved community pharmacy service and PrEP conducted in states that do not have expanded pharmacist prescriptive authority between 2000 to 2024.Results: Ten publications were identified, describing nine studies, including four interview and survey studies, three intervention reports, and two ongoing clinical trials. None of these studies have a control group. Most pharmacists provide PrEP services in the community through a collaborative practice agreement with a primary care provider.Conclusions: Future clinical studies with randomized controlled designs are required to test novel strategies in the education and implementation of pharmacy-led PrEP services in a community pharmacy setting to increase PrEP access.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"I Solemnly Swear": A Comparative Study of Codes of Professional Ethics amongst Pharmacists from Culturally Diverse European Countries. "我庄严宣誓"：欧洲不同文化国家药剂师职业道德守则比较研究》。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050143

Raquel Raimundo, Afonso Cavaco

{"title":"\"I Solemnly Swear\": A Comparative Study of Codes of Professional Ethics amongst Pharmacists from Culturally Diverse European Countries.","authors":"Raquel Raimundo, Afonso Cavaco","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy12050143","url":null,"abstract":"Ethical practice is a universal concern for healthcare professionals, independent of their social, cultural, or religious background. This study aimed to assess and categorise statements published in codes of ethics for pharmacists from three diverse societies within the wider European area. The study followed a qualitative exploratory and triangular design, comparing the leading professional and ethical statements between three geographically apart countries (Portugal, Lithuania, and Turkey) and using the International Pharmaceutical Federation Code of Ethics proposal as a gold standard. Common core values such as honesty, integrity, and professional autonomy were identified across the countries' codes, suggesting that shared recognised core values underpin pharmacists' practice and policies in culturally diverse settings. None of the codes fully correspond to the framework the International Pharmaceutical Federation proposed. The analysis elicited significant inconsistencies between the codes for analogous practice models within the same continent. Further studies are needed to gain a more profound and comprehensive understanding of the underlying reasons for these discrepancies so that ethical weaknesses can be improved and harmonisation towards best-practice principles can benefit patients and healthcare systems.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibiotic Treatment of Infections Caused by AmpC-Producing Enterobacterales. 对产 AmpC 肠杆菌感染的抗生素治疗。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050142

Gianpiero Tebano, Irene Zaghi, Monica Cricca, Francesco Cristini

{"title":"Antibiotic Treatment of Infections Caused by AmpC-Producing Enterobacterales.","authors":"Gianpiero Tebano, Irene Zaghi, Monica Cricca, Francesco Cristini","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050142","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12050142","url":null,"abstract":"AmpC enzymes are a class of beta-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacteria, including several Enterobacterales. When produced in sufficient amounts, AmpCs can hydrolyze third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) and piperacillin/tazobactam, causing resistance. In Enterobacterales, the AmpC gene can be chromosomal- or plasmid-encoded. Some species, particularly Enterobacter cloacae complex, Klebsiella aerogenes, and Citrobacter freundii, harbor an inducible chromosomal AmpC gene. The expression of this gene can be derepressed during treatment with a beta-lactam, leading to AmpC overproduction and the consequent emergence of resistance to 3GCs and piperacillin/tazobactam during treatment. Because of this phenomenon, the use of carbapenems or cefepime is considered a safer option when treating these pathogens. However, many areas of uncertainty persist, including the risk of derepression related to each beta-lactam; the role of piperacillin/tazobactam compared to cefepime; the best option for severe or difficult-to-treat cases, such as high-inoculum infections (e.g., ventilator-associated pneumonia and undrainable abscesses); the role of de-escalation once clinical stability is obtained; and the best treatment for species with a lower risk of derepression during treatment (e.g., Serratia marcescens and Morganella morganii). The aim of this review is to collate the most relevant information about the microbiological properties of and therapeutic approach to AmpC-producing Enterobacterales in order to inform daily clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving the Monitoring and Management of Clozapine-Induced Gastrointestinal Hypomotility (CIGH) in Community Mental Health Services: A Quality Improvement Approach. 改善社区精神卫生服务机构对氯氮平诱发的胃肠动力减退（CIGH）的监测和管理：质量改进方法》。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050141

Balazs Adam, Osama Ayad

{"title":"Improving the Monitoring and Management of Clozapine-Induced Gastrointestinal Hypomotility (CIGH) in Community Mental Health Services: A Quality Improvement Approach.","authors":"Balazs Adam, Osama Ayad","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050141","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12050141","url":null,"abstract":"Clozapine is the only approved antipsychotic for refractory schizophrenia to date. It can cause a range of serious and fatal adverse effects, including Clozapine-Induced Gastrointestinal Hypomotility (CIGH). While guidance is readily available to help manage CIGH effectively in hospital inpatients, practical recommendations applicable to the community (outpatient) setting are lacking. This project set out to improve the prevention, detection and management of CIGH in psychiatric outpatients. An initial baseline audit followed by quality improvement work was undertaken in a busy support worker-run community clozapine clinic focusing on, education and training, risk assessments and clinical documentation. The project was registered and managed using the Life QI web-based platform, where a set of primary and secondary drivers were defined and change ideas were executed. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected over a three-month period, demonstrating a significant improvement in clinical documentation (up from 36% to 99%). 23% of enhanced risk assessments resulted in treatment recommendations, modifiable risk factors were proactively discussed in 53% of clinic appointments and 65% of patients were provided with additional written information on CIGH. It was evident from staff and our patient feedback that further efforts would be required to continue to raise awareness about harms of unmanaged constipation among this client group. Future approaches may include enhanced collaborative efforts with primary care, and improving the skill mix in existing clozapine clinics, which could include the utilisation of mental health pharmacists.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceived Needs, Barriers, and Challenges to Continuing Professional Development (CPD): A Qualitative Exploration among Hospital Pharmacists. 持续专业发展（CPD）的需求、障碍和挑战：医院药剂师的定性研究。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050140

Sundus Aldakhil, Sana Majdi Baqar, Bashayr Alosaimi, Rafal Almuzirie, Maryam Farooqui, Saud Alsahali, Yasser Almogbel

{"title":"Perceived Needs, Barriers, and Challenges to Continuing Professional Development (CPD): A Qualitative Exploration among Hospital Pharmacists.","authors":"Sundus Aldakhil, Sana Majdi Baqar, Bashayr Alosaimi, Rafal Almuzirie, Maryam Farooqui, Saud Alsahali, Yasser Almogbel","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050140","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12050140","url":null,"abstract":"Continuing professional development (CPD) is an essential tool for healthcare professionals to remain up-to-date with the latest advancements in their field. In Saudi Arabia, pharmacists are officially registered healthcare professionals by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS). To uphold their licensure, they must complete 40 h of CPD every two years. This qualitative study aimed to explore hospital pharmacists' perceptions, barriers, and challenges of CPD, as well as their recommendations for improving CPD activities. A qualitative descriptive approach with semi-structured face-to-face interviews was employed. Using purposive sampling, 12 hospital pharmacists were interviewed. The recorded data were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Pharmacists generally showed positive perceptions of CPD, recognizing its importance for their professional development and the provision of high-quality patient care. However, some pharmacists expressed dissatisfaction with the current system. Several barriers to participation such as heavy workloads, lack of time, and limited financial support were highlighted. The primary motivations for engaging in CPD included fulfilling regulatory requirements. Workshops were the most beneficial CPD activities among others. Additionally, importance of more specialized, practice-oriented programs was highlighted. The study provides valuable insights into the needs and challenges faced by hospital pharmacists in Saudi Arabia regarding CPD. The insights gained can inform theory, policy, and practice relating to pharmacists' CPD at both professional and governmental levels.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leveraging Community Pharmacies to Address Social Needs: A Promising Practice to Improve Healthcare Quality. 利用社区药房满足社会需求：提高医疗质量的有效做法。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050139

Tony Kuo, Noel C Barragan, Steven Chen

{"title":"Leveraging Community Pharmacies to Address Social Needs: A Promising Practice to Improve Healthcare Quality.","authors":"Tony Kuo, Noel C Barragan, Steven Chen","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050139","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12050139","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging research suggests that chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and asthma are often mediated by adverse social conditions that complicate their management. These conditions include circumstances such as lack of affordable housing, food insecurity, barriers to safe and reliable transportation, structural racism, and unequal access to healthcare or higher education. Although health systems cannot independently solve these problems, their infrastructure, funding resources, and well-trained workforce can be realigned to better address social needs created by them. For example, community pharmacies and the professionals they employ can be utilized and are well-positioned to deliver balanced, individualized clinical services, with a focus on the whole person. Because they have deep roots and presence in the community, especially in under-resourced neighborhoods, community pharmacies (independent and chain) represent local entities that community members recognize and trust. In this article, we provide case examples from California, United States, to illustrate and explore how community pharmacies can be leveraged to address patient social needs as part of their core responsibilities and overall strategy to improve healthcare quality.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Internationally Derived Process of Healthcare Professionals' Proactive Deprescribing Steps and Constituent Activities. 医疗保健专业人员主动取消处方的步骤和组成活动的国际衍生过程。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050138

Sion Scott, Natalie Buac, Debi Bhattacharya

{"title":"An Internationally Derived Process of Healthcare Professionals' Proactive Deprescribing Steps and Constituent Activities.","authors":"Sion Scott, Natalie Buac, Debi Bhattacharya","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050138","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12050138","url":null,"abstract":"Proactive deprescribing is the process of tapering or stopping a medicine before harm occurs. This study aimed to specify and validate, with an international sample of healthcare professionals, a proactive deprescribing process of steps and constituent activities. We developed a proactive deprescribing process framework of steps which we populated with literature-derived activities required to be undertaken by healthcare professionals. We distributed a survey to healthcare professionals internationally, requesting for each activity the frequency of its occurrence in practice and whether it was important. Extended response questions investigated barriers and enablers to deprescribing. The 263 survey respondents were from 25 countries. A proactive deprescribing process was developed comprising four steps: (1) identify a patient for potential stop of a medicine, (2) evaluate a patient for potential stop of a medicine, (3) stop a medicine(s), and (4) monitor after a medicine has been stopped, and 17 activities. All activities were considered important by ≥70% of respondents. Nine activities required healthcare professionals to undertake in direct partnership with the patient and/or caregiver, of which seven were only sometimes undertaken. Deprescribing interventions should include a focus on addressing the barriers and enablers of healthcare professionals undertaking the activities that require direct partnership with the patient and/or caregiver.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Barriers Faced by Community Pharmacists in Serving Patients with Disabilities in Saudi Arabia: Recommendations for Enhancing Healthcare Provisions. 探索沙特阿拉伯社区药剂师在为残疾患者提供服务时面临的障碍：加强医疗保健规定的建议。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050137

Aisha F Badr

{"title":"Exploring Barriers Faced by Community Pharmacists in Serving Patients with Disabilities in Saudi Arabia: Recommendations for Enhancing Healthcare Provisions.","authors":"Aisha F Badr","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy12050137","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy12050137","url":null,"abstract":"While several studies have explored the barriers to accessing community pharmacies for individuals with physical, hearing, visual, and learning disabilities, most have focused on the perspectives of disabled individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the barriers faced by community pharmacists when serving individuals with physical, visual, and hearing disabilities in Saudi Arabia, with the goal of recommending ways to enhance future healthcare provisions.Methods: A mixed-methods cross-sectional phenomenological study was conducted among community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia between March and April 2022. Both closed- and open-ended questions were utilized to identify themes related to community pharmacists' barriers and experiences when providing care to individuals with disabilities.Results: A total of 40 community pharmacists participated in this study. Among them, 57.5% reported encountering difficulties when caring for patients with disabilities, with 65% indicating a lack of specialized services at their respective community pharmacies. Three major themes emerged from the findings: the need for pharmacist training and awareness, technology-guided methods for overcoming communication barriers, and improving overall pharmacy accessibility.Conclusion: This study reveals a significant gap in the provision of services for patients with disabilities in Saudi Arabia. Addressing physical accessibility, providing targeted training, and leveraging technology can enhance care delivery and promote inclusivity. Further research is warranted to assess the effectiveness of technological solutions and the integration of artificial intelligence in improving communication and patient-centered care for individuals with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drug Shortage and Ethical Issues: Integrating Multidisciplinary Perspectives with a Shared Ethical Framework. 药物短缺与伦理问题：将多学科观点与共同伦理框架相结合。

IF 2

Pharmacy Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy12050136

Maya C Wai

引用次数: 0