Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"The First 24 Hours of Hospital Admission: Early Opportunity for Pharmacotherapy Optimization in Elderly Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Ana Mulej, Ivana Marinović, Iva Matković, Vesna Bačić Vrca, Luka Torić, Dino Kasumović, Matija Crnogorac, Ivica Horvatić, Ivana Samardžić","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14060130","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14060130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 10% of the global population and represents one of the leading causes of mortality. This study aimed to assess the pharmacotherapy of hospitalized patients aged ≥ 65 years with CKD, focusing on the prevalence of polypharmacy, potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), potentially clinically significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs), the use of renal-risk drugs (RRDs). A prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology and Dialysis of University Hospital Dubrava, including 100 participants. A clinical pharmacist obtained the Best Possible Medication History (BPMH) within 24 h of hospital admission. A total of 1324 comorbidities were recorded (median 12 per patient), along with 985 prescribed medications. Polypharmacy (5-9 drugs) was observed in 43% of patients, while excessive polypharmacy (≥10 drugs) was present in 48%. A total of 258 PIMs were identified, with 89% of patients having at least one PIM (mean 2.6 per patient). Nearly 94% of patients had significantly impaired renal function (G3-G5), and 82% were exposed to inappropriately prescribed RRDs. Contraindicated medications based on renal function were identified in 62% of patients, while 52% had at least one medication prescribed at an unadjusted dose. A total of 1097 potentially clinically significant DDIs were identified, with a mean of 10.9 interactions per patient. The results indicate a high prevalence of polypharmacy, PIMs, potentially clinically significant DDIs and inappropriately prescribed RRDs among older hospitalized patients with CKD, increasing the risk of adverse events and unfavorable treatment outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of the 24 h period following hospital admission as an early opportunity for identifying medication-related problems and optimizing pharmacotherapy in highly vulnerable patients, such as elderly patients with CKD. The study also emphasizes the importance of early involvement of a clinical pharmacist in the pharmacotherapy review and obtaining the BPMH.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13610327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of Digital Decision Aids to Support Medication Adherence in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Ghada Elba, Shaheena Fakir, Rishabh Sharma, Halak Patel, Caitlin Carter, Tejal Patel","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14060129","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14060129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The development of technology to support medication management and adherence among older adults is rising. Many of these technologies offer diverse features, which add complexity when making a choice. Evidence-based decision aids can inform decision-making in such situations. To inform the development of such a decision aid, it is necessary to review the literature on the development and validation of decision aids that impact medication adherence. Therefore, this study aims to review the available literature on digital decision aids that examine the impact on medication adherence and investigate their features, development, and validation processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adopting the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework, a comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, IPA and Scopus, using four key concepts: medication adherence, decision aids/tools, older adults, and software/technology. Eligibility criteria included studies that enrolled older adults with a mean/median age of 65 years, published protocols for studies that supported decision-making, published in the English language, and examined and reported the development and/or validation and/or evaluation of digital decision aids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search identified 3526 records. After removing 947 duplicates, 2579 records underwent title and abstract screening, of which 726 proceeded to full-text screening. Following full-text screening, one research protocol met all eligibility criteria and was included in the review. An additional 16 systematic reviews were examined to identify potentially relevant studies from their reference lists; however, none of the studies identified through this supplementary screening met the eligibility criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The limited number of eligible studies shows a substantial gap in the literature on the development and validation of digital decision aids that support medication adherence among older adults. Further research in this field is needed to develop and validate evidence-based and user-centered digital decision aids for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13610242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Well-Being Elective in Health Professional Education: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Desirée N Shapiro, Nikki Ashtiani, Raphael Cuomo, Candis M Morello","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14060128","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14060128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Health professional training is inherently challenging, with elevated rates of burnout, stress, and diminished well-being. Dedicating curricular time to well-being education may build awareness and skills to help students navigate these demands. <b>Methods:</b> A 10-week well-being elective was designed and implemented for health professional students. Participants in the intervention group were predominantly pharmacy students. This pilot feasibility study used a pre- and post-intervention survey design with a comparison group. Course evaluation, self-reported confidence, knowledge, skills, and attitudes about well-being practices, and measures of empathy, compassion, stress, social support, and burnout were assessed [<i>n</i> = 29 intervention, <i>n</i> = 24 comparison]. <b>Results:</b> Students in the elective reported high satisfaction in the course and significantly greater improvements than those in the comparison group in confidence applying wellness strategies in their personal and academic lives, identifying mental health and wellness resources, preparing nourishing meals, showing up authentically, using mindfulness, practicing self-compassion, as well as in frequency of reflecting on wellness, practicing mindfulness and self-compassion, and applying wellness strategies (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). Prioritization of wellness and feelings of social connection also improved significantly more than in the comparison group. At 6-week delayed follow-up, participants reported significantly greater increases in confidence in preparing nourishing meals, showing up authentically, applying mindfulness, as well as in frequency of mindfulness practice, reflection on wellness, and greater gains in social connection (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant between-group differences were observed on the validated measures of empathy, burnout, or self-compassion. <b>Conclusions:</b> A novel well-being elective designed for health professional students significantly improved select well-being-promoting behaviors and emotional connectedness among participating students. Scalable curricula may bolster student well-being and foster community in demanding academic environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13610039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149041009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full-Dose Distribution and Age-Dose Concordance of Suvorexant: A Retrospective Drug Utilization Study at a Japanese University Hospital.","authors":"Shinya Kajiura, Nobukazu Ryu, Shingo Chikaoka, Yuta Yagi, Naohiko Nakamura, Atsushi Kato, Ryuji Hayashi","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14060127","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14060127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Japanese label specifies suvorexant 20 mg once nightly for adults and 15 mg once nightly for older adults, but dose selection has not been characterized across all doses. We conducted a single-center retrospective drug-utilization study of outpatient prescriptions and inpatient medication orders at a Japanese university hospital during 2023-2025. Dose and prescription-date age were reconstructed, and patient-cluster bootstrap confidence intervals addressed repeated prescriptions. Among 3755 records, 15 mg accounted for 68.4%, 20 mg for 29.9%, and 10 mg and other calculable doses each for 0.9%. Of 3685 age-classifiable 15/20 mg records, 2529 were concordant with the operational age-based framework (68.6%; 95% CI 62.5-74.2). Non-concordance predominantly comprised 15 mg in patients younger than 65 years (841/1646; 51.1%); 20 mg in patients aged 65 years or older occurred in 315/2039 records (15.4%). Concordance was 65.0% in outpatient and 73.8% in inpatient records. Full-dose retention revealed uncommon 7.5- and 30-mg selections that a binary analysis would omit. Together, these findings provide a descriptive, single-center, full-dose, age- and setting-stratified basis for medication-use evaluation and targeted contextual review.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13610425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It's There, but Not for Us\": Pharmacy Students' Lived Experiences of Mental Health Support at a South African University.","authors":"Nqobani M Dabengwa, Sue F Burton, Shabnam Shaik","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14060126","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14060126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored pharmacy students' lived experiences of mental health support structures at a University in South Africa. A qualitative phenomenological design was employed, with data collected through semi-structured interviews (<i>n</i> = 20) and document analysis of institutional mental health resources (2020-2024). Thematic analysis revealed five interrelated themes: awareness and visibility of support; barriers to access and utilization; institutional responses to mental health crises; cultural and contextual misalignment; and informal support and coping strategies. Although formal support services were available, students experienced them as fragmented, reactive, and insufficiently integrated into academic life. Barriers to access included long waiting times, stigma, and concerns about confidentiality. Institutional responses to crises were perceived as academically focused, with limited psychological follow-up. Students relied heavily on informal networks, including peers, family, and spirituality. These findings highlight a disconnect between institutional provision and student experience, underscoring the need for more integrated, culturally responsive, and student-centred approaches to mental health support within pharmacy education.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13610393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacist Prescribing as a Strategy to Facilitate Vaccine Accessibility in Ontario, Canada.","authors":"Sherilyn K D Houle","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14060125","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14060125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Ontario, Canada, pharmacists and pharmacy technicians who have completed an approved injection training program are authorized to administer vaccines against 16 vaccine-preventable diseases, with other vaccines requiring an order from a physician or nurse practitioner authorizing their administration to a patient. Authorization to administer vaccines is separate from authorization to dispense vaccines. Some of these vaccines can be dispensed without a prescription, while others require a prescription for the pharmacist to be able to dispense the vaccine and/or to be able to bill the cost of the vaccine to a private insurance plan. Currently, Ontario pharmacists do not have authorization to prescribe any vaccines, whether it be for dispensing or insurance billing purposes. This article describes current practice in Ontario related to vaccine accessibility, summarizes vaccine-prescribing scope of practice adopted by other Canadian provinces and territories, and describes the potential benefits of expanding the pharmacist scope of practice in Ontario to include the prescribing of vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13610780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Deprescribing Curricular Exposure, Attitudes, and Preparedness Among Undergraduate Pharmacy Students in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Lina Altayeb, Hend Talkhan, Rayah Asiri, Rawan Aloqran, Arwa Al Saeed, Khalid Orayj","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14050124","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14050124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess pharmacy students' curricular exposure to deprescribing, their attitudes and preparedness to perform core deprescribing steps, and their understanding of interprofessional roles in the deprescribing process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey that included undergraduate pharmacy students in their fifth or sixth year of study, who were enrolled in Saudi universities during the academic year 2025/2026. A 43-item self-administered validated questionnaire was used. The independent-samples <i>t</i>-test was used to examine differences in attitudes and preparedness among participants via SPSS 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 367 students from 23 universities participated in the study; 54.0% were female, and 62.1% were in their fifth year. Familiarity with the term 'deprescribing' was reported by 55.3% of participants. Participants demonstrated highly positive attitudes toward the benefits of deprescribing, moderate toward misconceptions, and low toward barriers, with mean percentage scores of 85.08%, 66.50%, and 41.93%, respectively. Participants indicated moderately positive perceptions toward the non-experiential curriculum preparedness to identify and practice deprescribing and self-perception of the ability to perform core deprescribing steps, with mean percentage scores of 70.2% and 77.24%, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in the perception of curriculum preparedness by gender (<i>p</i> = 0.038), familiarity with the term deprescribing (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and exposure to deprescribing in the required pharmacy curriculum (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Participants perceived clinical pharmacists as having the greatest role across most stages of the deprescribing process.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Undergraduate pharmacy students in Saudi Arabia recognize the value of deprescribing but have limited curricular exposure and moderate perceived preparedness to deprescribe.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safe Handover or Lost in Transition?-A Retrospective Evaluation of Pharmacist Referrals to Primary Care Following Hospital Discharge.","authors":"Katarina Wickman, Cecilia Lenander, Gabriella Caleres, Sara Modig","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14050122","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14050122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The medication-related problems identified by clinical pharmacists during hospitalisation may be better addressed after patient discharge and recovery from acute illness. This approach enables follow-up and may reduce the risks associated with multiple medication changes. However, inadequate information transfer at discharge is a recognised patient safety risk. Referral-based communication between clinical pharmacists and general practitioners (GPs) is a novel procedure in southern Sweden. This retrospective observational study aimed to describe the patient population, medication-related problems, their clinical relevance, and resulting GP actions. Data were collected from pharmacist referrals and electronic medical records between Q4 2021 and Q4 2023. Medication-related problems were categorised, recommendations were assessed for clinical relevance, and follow-up within six months after discharge was analysed to determine whether GPs accepted the recommendations. Forty patients with 58 medication-related problems were included. Women accounted for 70% of the patients, the median age was 79.5 years, and 75% had extensive polypharmacy. Adherence problems were most common (22%). Overall, 98% of the recommendations were considered clinically relevant. Of the 48 assessable recommendations, 77% were implemented in primary care. No statistical association between clinical relevance and implementation was detected (odds ratio 2.27, <i>p</i> = 0.247, CI 0.57-9.04). Pharmacist referrals at discharge may support information transfer and provide clinically relevant recommendations that improve medication safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Counter: Assessing NSAIDs Dispensing and Use Among Community Pharmacies in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Region: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mohamed A Albekery, Helal F Hetta, Shatha A Almikhlal, Aisha Y Alfraih, Nora Aldhuhayyan, Zahra Alarbsh, Abdulrahman Abdullah Alnijadi, Monther Alsultan, Abdullah Al Hamid","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14050123","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14050123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for pain, inflammation, and fever. Although many NSAIDs are available without a prescription, inappropriate use may increase the risk of renal, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular complications. This study evaluated NSAID dispensing patterns and potential risk practices in community pharmacies in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted in 90 community pharmacies across Al-Ahsa, Al-Dammam, and Jubail Industrial City between February and March 2025. Data on demographics, NSAID type, indication, dosage, frequency, duration, and concomitant medication use were collected and analyzed descriptively. <b>Results:</b> Among the 171 documented NSAID dispensing cases, 98 (57.3%) occurred without a prescription, whereas 73 (42.7%) involved prescription-based dispensing. Ibuprofen (62%) and diclofenac (36.3%) were the most commonly dispensed agents, with oral tablets being the preferred formulation (76.6%). Most documented treatment durations were short (3-7 days) with once- or twice-daily dosing. Common documented indications included dental conditions, pain, and inflammation, although the indication was not specified in 57.3% of cases. At least one potential interaction was identified in 11(7.8%, 95% CI 4.4-13.4%) of the 141 cases with concomitant medication use, corresponding to 13 (5.9%, 95% CI 3.5-9.9%) potential interaction pairs. <b>Conclusions:</b> Frequent non-prescription NSAID dispensing, incomplete documentation, and potentially clinically relevant drug interactions highlight the need to strengthen medication review, documentation, public awareness, regulatory oversight, and pharmacist counseling in community pharmacy practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Fixed-Dose Activated Prothrombin Complex Concentrate Regimen for Warfarin-Associated Hemorrhages: A Retrospective Cohort Comparison of Two Regimens.","authors":"Francisco Ibarra, Evan Cheng, Benjamin Falkenstein","doi":"10.3390/pharmacy14050121","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pharmacy14050121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The optimal fixed-dose strategy for managing warfarin-associated hemorrhages remains unknown and few studies have evaluated the use of Factor VIII Inhibitor Bypass Activity (FEIBA). This retrospective cohort study's primary efficacy outcome was the percentage of patients who achieved a post-FEIBA INR ≤ 1.5 following receipt of the old and new dosing regimens. In the old group patients received 500 or 1000 units for an INR < 5 or ≥5, respectively. In the new group patients received 1000, 1500, or 2000 units for an INR < 5, 5-9.9, or ≥10, respectively. Eighteen patients were included in each group. The median (IQR) pre-FEIBA INR in the old and new groups was 6.1 (3.1-12.9) and 5.3 (3.4-13.0), respectively [difference: -0.8 (95 CI%, -7.2 to 6.5)]. The median (IQR) post-FEIBA INR in the old and new groups was 1.6 (1.4-2.1) and 1.4 (1.2-1.5), respectively [difference: -0.2 (95% CI: -0.6 to 0.0)]. A post-FEIBA INR ≤ 1.5 was achieved in 14 (78%) patients in the new group and 9 (50%) patients in the old group (relative risk: 1.56; 95% CI, 0.91 to 2.7; <i>p</i> = 0.16). The post-FEIBA INR values in the patients who did not achieve a post-FEIBA INR ≤ 1.5 in the new group were 1.6, 1.6, 1.8, and 2.4. Among patients with a baseline INR ≥ 10, significantly more patients in the new group achieved a post-FEIBA INR ≤ 1.5 compared to the old group (86% vs. 17%, respectively). These findings suggest that the new FEIBA dosing regimen may improve INR reversal compared with the previous regimen, particularly among patients with a baseline INR ≥ 10, but larger studies are needed to confirm this observation.</p>","PeriodicalId":30544,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacy","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}