Revista Apthapi最新文献

{"title":"Incidencia de la planificación estratégica de desarrollo del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia en la gobernanza de las mujeres de la comunidad Achica Arriba, municipio Viacha","authors":"Gladys J. Chipana Mendoza","doi":"10.53287/tojb7369vu14c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/tojb7369vu14c","url":null,"abstract":"In Bolivia, part of the public management of the Plurinational State is to conduct a development planning process within the framework of living well, contemplating the enactment of Law No. 777 of the Comprehensive State Planning System - SPIE, Patriotic Agenda 2025 and the Economic and Social Development Plan 2021-2025. Governance implies the participation of men and women, where it is important to actively involve women to participate in the definition of policies and processes at global, national and local levels and influence the institutions that produce them makes it more likely that these respond to different needs and situations, these changes should result in a more gender-sensitive governance. Women's equal participation in governance is an important end in itself, considering that it is a basic right of women who are so often deprived of a voice in decision-making at all levels. In this sense, the objective of this essay is to visualize if the regulations and formulations inherent to the strategic development planning of the Plurinational State of Bolivia are reflected in the participation of women in the governance of the Achica Arriba community. The community of Achica Arriba is an example of the inclusion of the duality Man-Woman (Chacha-Warmi) where the husband and wife share a position in the organic structure of the community, both attend the meetings and lead the meetings, however, there is still a certain lag of women in the participation and decision making in the community. Likewise, the exclusion of \"single\" women without a partner in senior management positions is noteworthy, as they only have the option of accessing the last position, which diminishes their role in society within the community. Reflecting part of the inequity in governance within the community. Women have a fundamental role in the community, as they carry out productive activities related to the care of livestock, crop production, and reproductive activities concerning the care of children, forming part of community production and sovereign access to food.","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125116957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluación de antibióticos y fungicidas, en la introducción in vitro de banano (Musa acuminata) en la Estación Experimental Sapecho","authors":"Marco Antonio Echenique Quezada, Wilfredo Huanca Cardozo","doi":"10.53287/pukn2928cx61e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/pukn2928cx61e","url":null,"abstract":"Decontamination of explants is a requirement for the efficiency of introduction and establishment of in vitro banana (Musa acuminata) explants. The work was carried out at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory of the Sapecho Experimental Station, located in the municipality of Palos Blancos in the department of La Paz, with the objective of evaluating the efficiency of three antibiotics and three fungicides in the introduction and establishment of the banana (Musa acuminata) Grand Nain variety. The antibiotics used were Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol, while the fungicides used were Benlate, Ridomil and Cuprocol in different doses. The three antibiotics were added to the introduction culture medium, while the fungicides were applied by submerging the explants before planting in the culture medium. For data analysis, a completely randomized design (CRD) was used, with nine treatments and three replicates. For the comparison of means, Fisher's test was applied at 5% probability. The variables evaluated were: total contamination and explant survival. After 45 days of in vitro culture, there were highly significant effects on fungal contamination (mean 33.3%) and bacterial contamination (48.1%). In the survival variable (mean 46%), there were significant differences in the fungicide x antibiotic interaction. The use of the antibiotic Erythromycin in combination with the fungicide Cuprocol in the introduction and establishment of banana allows the reduction of losses due to bacterial and fungal contamination. In addition, according to the results observed, treatments T1 and T4 presented the highest percentage of contamination (77.8%), and the treatment with the highest percentage of survival was T6 (100%).","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121668390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trabajos de investigación realizados en la Estación Experimental Patacamaya, Facultad de Agronomía-UMSA: una sistematización y estudio bibliométrico","authors":"Marcela Daniela Mollericona Alfaro, Marcelo Tarqui Delgado, Medardo Wilfredo Blanco Villacorta","doi":"10.53287/rzku6959qa75n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/rzku6959qa75n","url":null,"abstract":"The Patacamaya Experimental Station (EEP), which depends on the Faculty of Agronomy of the Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), stands out as an important center dedicated to agricultural research in the highlands of La Paz, Bolivia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the scientific production of the EEP, period 2008-2022, carrying out a bibliometric, documentary, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study. The data source was the research works available in the Institutional Repository of the School of Agronomy (undergraduate and master's theses, supervised works, dissertations) using bibliometric indicators such as: productivity per year, articles produced, type of modality, production index. The inclusion criteria identified 72 publications and 17 topics: quinoa, potato, vegetables, pastures and/or native species, irrigation, camelids, sheep, guinea pigs, vermiculture, forestry, aromatic plants, microorganisms, other Andean crops, birds, soils and water resources. According to the Productivity Index (PI), the years 2016, 2020 and 2021 correspond to a \"large producer\" rating, while from 2008 to 2015 the PI categorizes the EEP as a \"medium producer\". For the number of publications per year, there is an increasing linear trend (R2=0.7889), with an average of 6.36 papers and a maximum of 11. By type of modality, undergraduate theses predominate, followed by graduate theses, dissertations and supervised works (88.89, 6.94, 2.78 and 1.39 %, respectively). By subject matter, undergraduate and graduate theses related to vegetables are predominant, followed by studies on irrigation, quinoa, guinea pigs, fodder, camelids, sheep and potatoes.","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128336270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementación y evaluación del sistema de riego por borbolleamiento en el cultivo de café (Coffea canephora) en la Estación Experimental de Sapecho","authors":"Reynaldo Marca Condori, René Chipana Rivera, Carlos Eduardo Choque Tarqui","doi":"10.53287/gmxi5787mw47x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/gmxi5787mw47x","url":null,"abstract":"The present research work was developed in the Sapecho Experimental Station belonging to the Faculty of Agronomy - UMSA, located 239 km from the city of La Paz, it presents an average temperature of 26 ° C with an annual rainfall of 1500 mm, the objective was to implement and evaluate the sprinkling irrigation system in the coffee crop (Coffea canephora). For the implementation of the system, the agronomic and hydraulic design was carried out that allowed the calculation of the water needs of the crop as well as the components of the system, the installation was made on a surface of 720 m2, it consists of a 2300-liter tank that works as constant load device, a 38.1 mm diameter bypass line with a length of 21 m, four laterals of 19.5 mm in diameter and 28.5 m in length each and distribution hoses of 5 mm in diameter and 2.5 m in length, it was installed to irrigate 80 coffee plants of the robusta variety. Subsequently, the operation evaluation of the irrigation system was carried out in which it was found that the Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC) is 83% and the distribution coefficient (CD) is equal to 76%, these results indicate that the implemented system is between good and acceptable. The evaluation on the effect of irrigation showed us that the application of optimal irrigation is positive in vegetative growth, being 30% higher in the development of the foliar area, 30.1% in number of nodes, 38.4% in length of bandola and it was reduced by 17% in the loss of fruits compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122161433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porfiria eritropoyética congénita bovina en la Estacion Experimetal de Choquenaira","authors":"René Juan Condori Equice","doi":"10.53287/ikkv7665qz57v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/ikkv7665qz57v","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of congenital erythropoietic porphyria in a 5-day-old black and white Holstein female born in Choquenaira Experimental Station of the Faculty of Agronomy of the Universidad Mayor de San Andrés. The clinical picture was characterized by the presence of pinkish brown color of the teeth (pink tooth) caused by porphyrin deposition, hempglobinuria, growth retardation. At 4 months of age. In addition to photosensitization, the most evident macroscopic changes were the reddish brown coloration of the bones and the pinkish brown color of the teeth, caused by porphyrin deposition.","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116530433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uso de dendrómetros para la programación de riego en cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao) en la Estación Experimental de Sapecho","authors":"Hector Chino Zelada, René Chipana Rivera, Carlos Eduardo Choque Tarqui","doi":"10.53287/gxmc9615go69h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/gxmc9615go69h","url":null,"abstract":"The management of water resources is very important for the production and profitability of crops. However, the growing scarcity of water makes it necessary to implement irrigation scheduling under efficient irrigation systems to optimize water use efficiency. The objective was focused on developing the necessary bases to program the irrigation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) exclusively using measurements of the maximum daily contraction of the trunk (MCD), which was carried out at the Sapecho Experimental Station, Sud Yungas province of the department of La Paz, with a completely randomized block design, with treatments of T1 = 100% irrigation and T2 = 50% irrigation plus a Witness (T0), the results indicated that the MCD is a sensitive indicator to diagnose changes in the state cocoa water, in this sense it was possible to obtain reference equations for the MCD with respect to the climatic variables of maximum and average temperature. It was possible to verify that the application of irrigation had an effect on the production of fruits that had an increase in yield with the application of the different treatments, being that T1 presented better results with 852.47 kg/ha, followed by T2 with 652.67 kg/ha unlike the control T0 that presented 205.93 kg/ha.","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130860475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descripción morfológica y germinación in vitro de añahuaya (Adesmia miraflorensis Remy) en dos medios de cultivo","authors":"Vania Virginia Chalco, Beatriz Mamani Sánchez","doi":"10.53287/rizf7164fk25v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/rizf7164fk25v","url":null,"abstract":"Adesmia miraflorensis Remy, más conocida como añahuaya, ayacaulli o añawi, que es una especie nativa que tiene una gran importancia biológica, pero con cada gestión agrícola se ven más reducida las poblaciones debido a la expansión de la frontera agrícola. Hasta el momento no se tiene información referente a la propagación in vitro de esta especie. El presente estudio se determinó el porcentaje germinación y la descripción morfológica del proceso de germinación hasta la formación de la plántula en condiciones in vitro. De esta forma facilitar información que puede ser utilizada en proyectos de propagación y conservación y revegetación de esta especie. Las semillas previamente desinfectadas fueron sembradas en dos diferentes medios de cultivo que son Chu et al. (1975) y MS (Musashige y Skoog, 1962), por cada medio de cultivo se tenía 250 repeticiones. Al cabo de 15 días de las semillas de A. miraflorensis Remy presentaron un alto porcentaje de geminación en ambos medios, en Chu et al. un 97% y en MS un 92% de germinación. De acuerdo a la descripción morfológica se caracterizó 4 etapas y se observó que muchos individuos no superan la etapa 3 (E-3) llegando a registrase Chu et al. con un 23% y en MS 10%. En cuanto a las medidas morfométricas las semillas tenían un diámetro de 1.16 mm y de largo 3.35 mm.","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127052901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programación de riego deficitario controlado y volumen de agua consumido por tres ecotipos de papalisa (Ullucus tuberosus Caldas.)","authors":"Yannet Choque Choque, Fanny Berth Arragan Tancara","doi":"10.53287/aevy8046fp84j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/aevy8046fp84j","url":null,"abstract":"El riego deficitario es una herramienta alternativa que permite el uso racional del agua aplicada, con el mínimo impacto en la producción. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estimar el efecto del déficit hídrico con diferentes frecuencias de riego en la producción del cultivo de papalisa, mediante riego localizado. El ensayo se realizó a campo en la Estación Experimental Choquenaira de la Provincia Ingavi La Paz -Bolivia perteneciente a la Facultad de Agronomía. Los tratamientos consistieron en aplicar dos láminas de riego deficitario (50 y 75%ETc), comparado con un tratamiento control de 100% ETc, con una frecuencia de riego cada cinco días. La evapotranspiración de referencia se calculó mediante los registros meteorológicos obtenidos por una estación climática en cual se encuentra en la estación. El diseño experimental fue de bloques al azar, en esquema bifactorial 3×3 (ecotipos y láminas), con 3 repeticiones. Se evaluó la candidad de agua de consumo por la planta en sus diferentes etapas de desarrollo, el contenido del agua en el suelo y la determinación del potencial hidrico foliar y el total de agua aplicada mediante el riego, se presentan los mejores resultados con la aplicación de una lámina de riego L2 (lamina75% de la ETc) fue de 5.911,96 m3/ha, lo que indica un ahorro de agua de 24 % y es posible disminuir hasta en un 43% el aporte de agua 4.419,80 m3/ha, en cultivo de papalisa sin afectar variables de rendimiento aplicando L3 (lamina 50% ETc) con respecto al tratamiento uno L1(lamina 100% ETc) fue de 7.750,48 m3/ha. Sin embargo, los efectos del déficit hídrico aplicados se reflejan en un mayor ahorro del recurso hídrico y permita darle mayor sustentabilidad para el productor.","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"854 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121831435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efecto de un protocolo de sincronización de celo e IATF, sobre el porcentaje de preñez en vacas mestizas Cebú de carne en la estancia Etaca, Ixiamas – La Paz","authors":"Carlos Alejandro Palma Dávila, Jhanina Gizela Garbay Chávez, Divar German Nina Miranda","doi":"10.53287/jfyx4660xz15l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/jfyx4660xz15l","url":null,"abstract":"La ganadería bovina exige un manejo adecuado para un óptimo retorno económico, los índices productivos están asociados a un eficiente manejo reproductivo, algunos problemas del manejo reproductivo como la consanguinidad y enfermedades reproductivas se traducen en bajos niveles de preñez, en este sentido los protocolos de sincronización de celo y la inseminación artificial ofrecen una buena y eficiente alternativa para mitigar estos problemas, es así que, la inseminación artificial previo protocolo de sincronización de celo es una técnica adecuada. El presente trabajo se realizó en la estancia ETACA en 54 vacas disponibles, distribuidas por edad y condición corporal, todas estas fueron sometidas a un protocolo de sincronización de celo e IATF., se efectuó durante los meses de diciembre/2019 hasta abril/2020. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del protocolo de sincronización de celo sobre el porcentaje de preñez, influido por la edad (2, 3 y 4 años) y condición corporal (2.5cc; 3cc y 3.5cc), se observó el porcentaje de vacas con celo manifiesto y se analizó costos por vaca servida. La preñez lograda al utilizar el protocolo de IATF fue del 48%, en relación a la edad se dio en vacas de 2 años con un 38.5% y por condición corporal se dio en el grupo de 3cc con un 42.2%; con respecto a la prueba de chi cuadrado ninguno mostró relación entre variables, en cambio para el celo manifiesto relacionado con preñez se encontró una relación entre las variables dando un 65.4%. Se concluye que, este protocolo de sincronización de celo e IATF genera resultados satisfactorios si se aplica en vacas con condición corporal media de 3 y a una edad mayor a 24 meses; el costo por vaca servida dio un precio de $us30,73 (Treinta con 73/100 dólares).","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123295290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efecto de dos soluciones nutritivas en dos variedades del cultivo hidropónico de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) en la Estación Experimental Patacamaya","authors":"Medardo Wilfredo Blanco Villacorta, Elizabeth Paco Ticona","doi":"10.53287/hhlb4193vy59h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53287/hhlb4193vy59h","url":null,"abstract":"La necesidad de incrementar la producción de alimentos de origen vegetal, la restricción de tierras aptas para la producción agrícola, la escasez de agua o la mala calidad de ésta para usarla en la agricultura, fueron algunas de las causas que estimularon a diversos investigadores a buscar alternativas para el desarrollo de las plantas. Como resultado se generó la hidroponía a nivel comercial. El presente trabajo de investigación se llevó a cabo en predios de la Estación Experimental Patacamaya, ubicado en el Altiplano Central de Bolivia, en la Provincia Aroma del Departamento de La Paz. El objetivo fue la evaluación del efecto de dos soluciones nutritivas en dos variedades del cultivo hidropónico de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum). Se utilizó una superficie de 39.6 m2, utilizando material vegetal semilla de tomate Rio grande y Redondo. La implantación del cultivo se realizó desde el trasplante hasta la tercera cosecha. El diseño empleado fue el diseño completamente al azar con arreglo de parcelas divididas con el factor A: solución nutritiva y el factor B: variedades, tres repeticiones. Las variables de respuesta incluyeron: agronómicas, fenológicas y de rendimiento. En cuanto a las variedades de tomate muestra diferencias significativas sobre la variable: número de flores, se observa que la variedad Redonda tiene mayor número de flores de 23,4 la variable Rio Grande de 17,2 flores. Con respecto a la variable de rendimiento, con la aplicación de la solución nutritiva Howard Resh, obtenemos un mejor rendimiento de 2,6 kg/m2 y la solución La Molina de 2,1 kg/m2. En las variedades de tomate se observa que la variedad Redondo, alcanzó 2,9 kg/m2, por otra parte, para la variedad Rio Grande alcanzó una media de 1,9 kg/m2 con una menor producción.","PeriodicalId":302804,"journal":{"name":"Revista Apthapi","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132341921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}