Desalination最新文献

{"title":"Functional photocatalytic anti-fouling nanofibrous membrane distillation membranes for treating synthetic dye wastewater","authors":"Xiaochan An ,&nbsp;Jingjiao Li ,&nbsp;Jinhui Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhaolan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane distillation (MD) driven by a thermally vapor pressure gradient could circumvent the osmotic pressure limitations of pressure-driven processes, offering a robust solution for separating non-volatile dyes from hypersaline dye-containing wastewater. However, conventional MD membranes are challenged by severe membrane fouling and flux decline. Here, we report the fabrication of functional electrospun nanofibrous membranes through incorporating two dimensional photocatalytic NH₂-MIL-125 nanoparticles. In a crossflow photo-assisted MD system operated at a 40 °C temperature difference, the prepared membrane (NM-5) achieved a high-water flux of 41.29 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ under light while maintaining stable salt rejection (NaCl, &gt;99.9%) over 960 min of continuous operation. NM-5 exhibited excellent degradation capability under visible light, achieving removal efficiencies of 63.69% for methylene blue (MB) and 61.19% for rhodamine B (RhB), respectively. For treating RhB saline solution, NM-5 membranes maintained stable flux at ∼34 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ for up to 11 h, while the pristine membrane complete wetting occurred within 5 h. This photocatalytic activity on membrane surface effectively mitigates dye-induced fouling. After water cleaning under light irradiation, the flux recovery of NM-5 was up to 98.82%, 11.44% higher than the pristine membrane, demonstrating excellent operational stability. This study establishes a new strategy for MD membranes with integrated photocatalytic functionality, enabling environmentally sustainable treatment of dye-containing wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 120006"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lithium recovery from battery recycling water via salt metathesis using flow-electrode capacitive deionization","authors":"Kerstin Wienkamp ,&nbsp;Hendrik Scheulen ,&nbsp;Raphael Verdier ,&nbsp;Philipp Kloust ,&nbsp;Christian J. Linnartz ,&nbsp;Matthias Wessling","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On the way to a new lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling process, spent LIBs were wet shredded, yielding an aqueous multi-ionic-organic mixture dominated by 33<!--> <!-->mM lithium, primarily balanced by fluoride. To enhance lithium recovery, this study demonstrates a novel continuous flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) process that performs a salt metathesis. A poorly soluble lithium fluoride (LiF) dominated solution was converted into a highly soluble lithium hydroxide (LiOH) solution while simultaneously concentrating the latter. This study targets feasibility under representative conditions, rather than optimizing operating parameters. Partial LiF recirculation for enhanced lithium recovery, module upscaling for industrial relevance, and the use of synthetic and actual LIB wet shredding solutions were evaluated. In single-pass operation with a synthetic LiF feed, LiF was desalinated to 10% of its initial salinity, and the extracted lithium produced LiOH with negligible current-efficiency loss, achieving a 70-fold concentration rate to 35<!--> <!-->g/L impurity-free LiOH. Implementing partial LiF recirculation improved desalination and thereby increased lithium recovery to 92%. When processing the actual LIB wet shredding solution containing comparable lithium concentrations, LiOH was concentrated 42-fold to 19<!--> <!-->g/L, and the lithium recovery yield declined to 43%, likely due to ionic and organic impurities. Nevertheless, the final LiOH product achieved a 90<!--> <!-->mol% purity. Upscaling the individual membrane area from 100<!--> <!-->cm² to 320<!--> <!-->cm² enabled higher throughput at a slight performance decrease. Overall, FCDI enables a continuous and scalable route that overcomes solubility limits via salt metathesis, producing an industrially relevant lithium product (LiOH) from low-solubility and impurity-laden LIB wet shredding solution (LiF) originating from a real LIB recycling process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"627 ","pages":"Article 119961"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of desalination brine: Uranium recovery via square wave-enhanced electrophoto-catalysis with a rGO/CuSA-CN cathode","authors":"Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Qingliang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Kang ,&nbsp;Mengfan Wang ,&nbsp;Shusen Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Song ,&nbsp;Hongqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.120262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uranium extraction from seawater is widely regarded as the most promising approach for uranium resource acquisition. However, the extremely low uranium concentration in seawater (3.3 μg/L) presents significant technical challenges. This work develops a novel rGO/CuSA-CN electrophoto-catalytic composite electrode, achieving remarkable breakthroughs in uranium recovery from desalination concentrated brine—a typical desalination brine valorization practice that converts an environmental waste stream into a strategic resource supply. Remarkably, under natural seawater pH (pH 8), the application of square wave voltage enables 98.0% uranium removal from a 10 mg/L solution within 5 min, a performance far outperforming constant voltage methods; square wave voltage enables rapid uranium deposition and sustained electrode activity by periodically reversing the potential, which inhibits passivation, promotes U(V) re-oxidation and prevents active site blockage. Furthermore, by simulating biofouling conditions with Chlorella pretreatment, we discovered an unexpected synergy that quadrupled the uranium extraction rate, reaching 3.34 mg/g/h from the pretreated brine—a rate significantly higher than most reported values for direct seawater extraction and suggesting practical viability for high-throughput processing. This finding offers a new perspective for adapting extraction technologies to real-world desalination plant conditions. In selectivity experiments, the electrode exhibited exceptional performance, with a uranium-to‑magnesium distribution coefficient ratio (K_d(U)/K_d(Mg)) reaching 72.6 even against the strongest interference. This work establishes a new paradigm for desalination brine valorization, transforming a problematic waste stream into a strategic resource and advancing the circular economy of nuclear energy materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"632 ","pages":"Article 120262"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147827432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective on the sustainable development of a novel high-salinity coal mine water treatment technology","authors":"Zhou Shen ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Zou ,&nbsp;Yisa Li ,&nbsp;Rui Lu ,&nbsp;Maiqi Xiang ,&nbsp;Kaiwei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-salinity mine water is widely generated during coal extraction in western China and, if inadequately treated, poses risks of soil salinization and water contamination. Nevertheless, effective desalination can transform it into a valuable unconventional water resource for arid mining regions. In this study, a full-scale high-salinity mine-water treatment system in western China was investigated, and an integrated sustainability assessment framework combining life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) was established to evaluate the environmental and economic performance of a novel coagulation–sedimentation–reverse osmosis–electrodialysis (CSRE) hybrid process. The results showed that the CSRE process significantly improved effluent quality, achieving Class III compliance for organics and nutrients and reducing electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and hardness by more than 80%, indicating strong potential for non-potable reuse in arid mining regions. Compared with the conventional treatment scheme, the system met SW-III discharge requirements and demonstrated improved suitability for irrigation and livestock applications. Life cycle assessment and cost analysis revealed that the softening unit dominated both environmental impacts and internal costs due to intensive Na₂CO₃ and NaOH consumption, while reverse osmosis and electrodialysis were primarily driven by electricity demand; photovoltaic electricity substitution substantially reduced global warming potential. Notably, reclaimed water utilization improved overall economic feasibility. Multi-objective optimization further demonstrated that coordinated adjustment of NaOH and Na₂CO₃ dosages can simultaneously enhance effluent quality, reduce carbon emissions, and improve cost performance. Overall, this study provides practical guidance for designing low-carbon, resource-efficient mine water treatment systems in arid coal mining regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119917"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis on the contributions of solar and wind energy to interfacial water evaporation using a 2D evaporator","authors":"Bo Li,&nbsp;Xiangfeng Li,&nbsp;Yuanshuo Li,&nbsp;Xianling Hu,&nbsp;Haoyue Yang,&nbsp;Jiyue Wang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wang,&nbsp;Xianglin Xia,&nbsp;Kexue Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) is promising for desalination but its intermittency requires complementary energy. Wind energy, a ubiquitous resource, can supply convective forcing, yet its quantitative role relative to solar energy remains underexplored. Here, a standardized two-dimensional (2D) graphite nanopowder (GNP)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) evaporator (GPE) fabricated via freeze-casting is developed to decouple and compare the contributions of solar irradiance and convective flow. In pure water, the GPE achieves an evaporation rate of 1.73 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under 1.0 sun irradiation (1 kW m⁻²) and peaks at 5.01 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ under coupled conditions (2.0 suns and 4 m s⁻¹ convective flow). A near-energetic equivalence is identified: convective flows of 2, 3 and 4 m s⁻¹ produce evaporation rates comparable to 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 suns, respectively. Practically, coupling 0.5 sun with 1 m s⁻¹ convective flow reproduces 1.0 sun performance, demonstrating that a gentle breeze can fully compensate for solar loss on cloudy days, thereby enabling all-weather operation. Importantly, wind energy shows robust performance against salinity effects: in a 3.5 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, evaporation rates under 1.0 and 2.0 suns irradiation drop by 12.1% and 7.0% due to thermodynamic vapor pressure depression, whereas those under 2 and 4 m s⁻¹ convective flows decrease by only 4.8% and a negligible 0.7%, respectively. Supported by simulations showing that convective flow thins the boundary layer and mitigates vapor accumulation, these results highlight the dominance of wind energy and provide benchmarks for designing continuous, salt-tolerant wind–solar hybrid freshwater-generation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119957"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance optimization and application boundaries of PESA-SQDs: A multifunctional nano-inhibitor for industrial water systems","authors":"Hengtong Xia,&nbsp;Jinyu Wang,&nbsp;Wulong Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Li,&nbsp;Yan Ding,&nbsp;Xiaoshuang Yin,&nbsp;Hui Xu,&nbsp;Wenzhong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistent challenges of scaling and microbial proliferation in industrial water systems necessitate the development of high-performance, multifunctional treatment agents. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into polyepoxysuccinic acid-functionalized sulfur quantum dots (PESA-SQDs), a novel nanomaterial engineered for integrated water treatment. Well-dispersed PESA-SQDs with a uniform particle size of approximately 2.58 nm were successfully fabricated, exhibiting excellent aqueous stability and characteristic blue fluorescence. Systematic evaluation revealed outstanding antiscaling performance: the optimal dosage of 30 mg/L achieved over 90% inhibition efficiency against CaCO₃ scaling, while merely 1.0 mg/L sufficed to attain 82.68% inhibition against CaSO₄ scaling. XRD and SEM analyses demonstrated that PESA-SQDs significantly alter crystallization pathways, inducing a polymorphic transition of CaCO₃ from calcite to vaterite and distorting CaSO₄ crystals into defective aggregates. Molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the mechanism, showing PESA-SQDs adsorb onto crystal faces in a flattened configuration with substantially higher binding energy than pure PESA. Additionally, PESA-SQDs exhibited potent antibacterial activity, reducing bacterial counts by three orders of magnitude at 30 mg/L. The material's fluorescence properties further enable potential real-time monitoring. This work establishes PESA-SQDs as a highly promising multifunctional agent, delineating its optimal dosages and effective application boundaries for advanced water treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119962"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capacitive deionization of emerging oxyanions: Selective electrosorption, recovery strategies, and mechanistic insights","authors":"Muhammad Faheem ,&nbsp;Jisha Kuttiani Ali ,&nbsp;Fathima Arshad ,&nbsp;Zubair Ahmad ,&nbsp;Emad Alhseinat","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capacitive deionization (CDI) is gaining traction as a sustainable and energy-efficient strategy for addressing the selective removal and recovery of emerging oxyanion contaminants from aqueous environment. This review critically examines recent progress in CDI-based technologies for the targeted electrosorption of environmentally and industrially associated oxyanions, including nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, arsenate, chromate, perchlorate, and borate. Emphasis is placed on the interplay between oxyanion speciation, solution pH, and electrode material properties in dictating ion selectivity and removal efficiency. The review delineates how architectural and operational modifications in CDI systems, alongside tailored electrode functionalization, enable enhanced removal performance and facilitate the regeneration and reuse of materials. Special attention is given to CDI-enabled resource recovery, particularly for nutrient and strategic oxyanions, highlighting dual-function applications in contaminant remediation and resource circularity. Post-CDI processing strategies are discussed with a focus on converting concentrated eluents into marketable products, addressing purification, stabilization, and valorization pathways essential for closing material loops. Mechanistic insights are synthesized to elucidate the roles of hydration energy, surface affinity, and competitive adsorption, supported by thermodynamic interpretations and depicted via Sankey diagram plot. Key material platforms are systematically assessed in terms of functional performance, stability, and selectivity under varying environmental conditions. Finally, technological and economic barriers to large-scale deployment, including electrode durability, system integration, cost competitiveness, and lifecycle sustainability, are critically analyzed to inform pathways toward industrially viable CDI implementation. Concluding with a discussion of current limitations and research opportunities, this review outlines the critical pathways toward scalable, selective, and environmentally compatible CDI technologies for oxyanions control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119949"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing water-salt separation performance and mechanistic analysis of TFNi nanofiltration membranes via explainable machine learning","authors":"Ruonan Chang ,&nbsp;Hao Guan ,&nbsp;Xianhe Cai ,&nbsp;Shengnan Hao ,&nbsp;Haiyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanlin Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing global water scarcity requires the advancement of water treatment technologies that combine high efficiency with minimal energy consumption. Thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes featuring interlayer structures (TFNi) have garnered significant interest due to their exceptional capacity for water–salt separation. Nevertheless, the intricate interplay between membrane morphology and operational parameters complicates systematic performance optimization. In this work, we established a machine learning framework designed for both prediction and interpretation, focusing on water flux and salt rejection as key performance indicators. Four machine learning algorithms were evaluated, with the CatBoost model demonstrating superior predictive accuracy (R² &gt; 0.90). Feature importance analysis using Shapley additive explanations identified applied pressure, temperature, and molar concentration as the predominant factors influencing water flux, while salt rejection was primarily governed by molar concentration, membrane pore size, and contact angle. Further analysis using partial dependence plots revealed clear nonlinear responses. For water flux prediction, higher response levels were identified near 27 °C, around 0.04 mol·L⁻¹, and within the medium-to-high pressure range. For salt rejection prediction, a moderate pore size range (approximately 40–80 nm) maintained relatively high rejection levels when combined with surface wettability. By coupling data-driven prediction with interpretable artificial intelligence techniques, this study delineates the influence and tendencies of critical variables, offering a principled strategy for guiding the rational design and operational optimization of TFNi nanofiltration membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119925"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic CO2-responsive aerogels with Ag/Fe MOF-derived carbon for adsorption and photo-Fenton-like degradation of organic pollutants","authors":"Anrong Yao ,&nbsp;Xingwei Fu ,&nbsp;Qian Xu ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Yunbo Mo ,&nbsp;Qinglan Xue ,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Shang ,&nbsp;Jianwu Lan ,&nbsp;Shaojian Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eliminating various organic pollutants from wastewater continues to pose a major environmental issue. Herein, CO₂-responsive magnetic bio-aerogels (Ag/Fe-NC@DCG) integrating “smart” adsorption and photo-Fenton-like degradation were constructed by embedding surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-enhanced MOF-derived Ag/Fe nanocarbon (Ag/Fe-NC) into cellulose nanocrystal reinforced gelatin aerogels, followed by surface functionalization with a CO₂-responsive silane coupling agent (<em>N, N</em>-diethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane). The resulting aerogels exhibited outstanding adsorption capacities toward charged pollutants, reaching 859.62 mg/g for negatively charged methyl orange (MO) and 635.92 mg/g for positively charged methylene blue (MEB), governed by electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The adsorption process was well described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model. Remarkably, CO₂ served as a trigger gas to enable rapid and selective adsorption of negatively charged organic pollutants from the mixture, thereby realizing CO₂-regulated selective adsorption. As anticipated, under visible light irradiation in the presence of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), the Ag/Fe-NC component efficiently catalyzed photo-Fenton-like reactions, leading to significantly enhancing removal efficiencies for both charged and neutral organic pollutants. For neutral bisphenol A (BPA) and amphoteric tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) that were initially unadsorbed, their removal efficiencies rose dramatically from 5.24% and 12.79% to 90.67% and 97.40%, respectively. Additionally, the aerogels demonstrated excellent recyclability, mechanical robustness, and antibacterial activity. Overall, this work presents a versatile and sustainable aerogel platform that integrates CO₂-triggered selective adsorption with photo-Fenton-like degradation, offering a prospective pathway for wastewater remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119950"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Janus-structured wood-based evaporator: Electrospun lignin carbon nanofibers (LCNFs) with in situ Fe₃O₄ growth enable solar-driven seawater desalination and purification","authors":"Jingbo Su ,&nbsp;Aoqi Xing ,&nbsp;Junxu Hu ,&nbsp;Yun Wu ,&nbsp;Jinghui Zhou ,&nbsp;Jingyu Xu ,&nbsp;Xing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.desal.2026.119937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to water scarcity and energy crises, solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology offers a highly promising industrial solution for seawater desalination due to its “zero energy consumption” and environmentally friendly characteristics. The aromatic ring structure of lignin exhibits excellent light absorption properties, making it a highly suitable material for interfacial evaporation photothermal applications. This study employs electrospun lignin nanofiber membranes that have undergone high-temperature carbonization, with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in situ loaded onto their surfaces to form a photothermal layer. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) serves as both a binder and hydrophobic modifier, bonding at the interface with delignified wood blocks (DW). Based on this design, the fabricated LCNFs/Fe₃O₄@DW evaporator achieves an evaporation rate of 1.76 kg·m⁻²·h⁻¹ under one standard solar irradiance, with an evaporation efficiency of approximately 88.54%, outperforming most conventional wood-based or carbon-based photothermal evaporators. Long-term cycling tests and simulated seawater evaporation experiments demonstrate the material's excellent salt resistance and purification durability. In summary, this study not only validates the application potential of lignin-based nanofiber composites in solar thermal conversion but also achieves functional integration of “solar desalination, salt resistance and scale prevention, and water purification” through precise Janus surface design. It provides a novel strategy that combines environmental sustainability with practical applicability for industrializing solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":299,"journal":{"name":"Desalination","volume":"625 ","pages":"Article 119937"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}