A review on the mediated role of peroxymonosulfate in contaminated water remediation

With the increasing complexity of eco-environmental issues and the growing demand for technological effectiveness at all levels, traditional treatment technologies and many existing remediation methods for contaminated water are becoming ineffective. In this context, improved remediation for contaminated water mediated by peroxymonosulfate (PMS) has being emerged and become an important trend for future development in this field. In this review, recent researching progresses made in the emerging technology, namely the PMS mediated remediation for contaminated water including contaminated saline water with tricky pollutants (PAHs, pesticides, and heavy metals) and emerging micropollutants (antibiotics and microplastics), were firstly summarized. Moreover, coupling PMS activation with other technical means including emerging membrane materials for desalination, UV method, microwave method, electrochemical method, heat and alkali method, transition metals method, carbon-based materials method, and photo-electrons method has been overviewed. Then, the reaction pathways (free radical and non-radical) and influencing factors (organic matter, pH, temperature and inorganic anions) of the PMS mediated contaminated water remediation were also discussed. Finally, the focus of the future research and development directions on emerging advanced technologies aimed at more cost-effective, environmentally friendly, non-destructive, safe, stable, and sustainable remediation strategy were prospected.