European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation最新文献

{"title":"Case Report: Recovery from sexual assault: A religion-adapted cognitive behavioral therapy for a woman sexual assault survivor","authors":"Hatice Rumeysa Işık , Taha Burak Toprak","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141979139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification et représentations d'attachement et comportements intériorisés et extériorisés des enfants de la protection de l'enfance","authors":"Rosalie Guillemette ,&nbsp;Miguel M. Terradas ,&nbsp;Sébastien Monette","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Children who have experienced potentially traumatic situations within their first attachment relationships (e.g., abuse, neglect) are more at risk of presenting attachment insecurity and disorganization as well as insecure attachment representations. These children would also be more at risk of developing internalized (e.g., anxiety, depression) and externalized behaviors (e.g., aggressivity, opposition).</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The study aims to provide a portrait of attachment classification and representations and internalized and externalized behaviors in children aged 7 to 12 from three groups: 35 maltreated children, 42 children from a clinical group, and 39 children from a normative group. The study also aims to evaluate associations between attachment and internalized and externalized behaviors and to detect predictors of internalized and externalized behaviors amongst attachment-related variables.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Participants took part in The Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT) and a semi-structured interview, the Child Attachment Interview (CAI). Caregivers completed the Child behaviour Checklist to assess internalized and externalized behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results show lower levels of attachment security as well as higher levels of insecure attachment representations and internalized and externalized behaviors in maltreated children. Only disorganized attachment was found to be associated with internalized and externalized behaviors. The ASCT could not differentiate the groups and showed little association with internalized and externalized behaviors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Disorganized attachment is mainly associated with maltreatment and internalized and externalized behaviors, contrary to ASCT variables, thus generating questions regarding this tool's suitability for school-aged children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749924000632/pdfft?md5=753b3f13211cc796404a4ceea81013df&pid=1-s2.0-S2468749924000632-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding the precise distance: Self-differentiation, marital relationship and trauma among ex-combatants’ spouses","authors":"Rony Kapel Lev-Ari ,&nbsp;Zahava Solomon ,&nbsp;Danny Horesh","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Spouses of ex-combatants often experience psychological distress due to sharing their lives with a partner who endured traumatic experiences, a phenomenon known as “secondary traumatization”. Self-differentiation is the emotional distance one takes, while keeping an amount of togetherness with significant others. The couple's relationship and self-differentiation can impact the manner and expanse of secondary traumatization experienced by the spouse.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to examine the role of marital adjustment and self-differentiation (an enmeshed vs detached differentiation style), in secondary traumatization among spouses of ex-combatants.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study is part of a longitudinal study examining psychological implications of war among Israeli ex-combatants and their spouses. Overall, 267 spouses have been assessed three times (2003;2011;2016). Participants completed self-report questionnaires evaluating secondary PTSD (SPS), general psychiatric distress (GPD), self-differentiation and dyadic adjustment (DAS). Cross-path models were used to assess associations between the variables longitudinally.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Associations were found between both self-differentiation and dyadic adjustment and SPS and GPD. Path models showed that fusioncutoff differentiation predicted more SPSGPD over time and vice-versa. Furthermore, dyadic adjustment mediated the association between fusioncutoff differentiation and SPSGPD. In other words, fusioncutoff differentiation in time 1 predicted dyadic adjustment in time 2, which in turn predicted SPSGPD in time 3.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results can be interpreted in conjunction with original theories about secondary traumatization, emphasizing the importance of keeping a balanced emotional distance in the marital relationship as a way of reducing distress and PTSD symptoms following traumatic events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of alexithymia, attachment styles, and childhood traumas on the severity of body-focused repetitive behavior disorders","authors":"Efruz Pirdogan Aydin ,&nbsp;Azra Gokovali Begenen ,&nbsp;Julide Kenar ,&nbsp;Ilknur Kivanc Altunay ,&nbsp;Omer Akil Ozer","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is known that childhood traumas is associated with attachment problems, alexithymia and lead to some psychiatric disease. This study was investigated the relationship of body focused repetitive behavior disorders (BFRBDs) to childhood trauma, attachment styles, and alexithymia, and the impact of these factors on the severity of the disorder. 105 patients with BFRBDs and 90 healthy controls matched for age and sex were comprised in the study. Participants were administered sociodemographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Toronto Alexythimia Scale (TAS-20), Experiences in Close Relationships-II (ECR-II) and Childhood Traumatic Experiences Questionnairre (CTQ-28). Presence of childhood trauma, depression and anxious attachment score were found to be risk factors for the occurrence of BFRBDs. Physical neglect was found to have an indirect effect on the disease severity through the high score of externally-oriented thinking. Therefore, it should be kept in mind that patients who tend to present themselves as normal and do not express their problems/conflicts have a high severity of disease. In addition, it may be important to plan therapeutic interventions in patients according to their comorbidities such as alexithymia, attachment and childhood trauma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the fact of having been victims of childhood emotional abuse and/or neglect found in the aggressors’ history?","authors":"Patrícia Moreira ,&nbsp;Candy Silva ,&nbsp;Ângela Leite ,&nbsp;Diana Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Background: Early exposure to trauma and stressors can hinder development and accumulate stress over one's lifetime, leading to adverse long-term outcomes. Objective: This study aims to investigate whether individuals exhibiting aggressive behavior may have been victims of emotional abuse and/or neglect during childhood. These experiences profoundly impact development, persisting into adulthood. Four hypotheses were formulated to guide the investigation. Methods: The sample comprised 615 Portuguese adults aged 18 and above. Data collection utilized various instruments including a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Impulsive and Premeditated Aggression Scale, the Life History of Aggression Scale, the Childhood Adversity History Questionnaire, the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale, the Personality Inventory, and the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. Results and Conclusions: The hypotheses were confirmed, indicating a positive correlation between childhood emotional abuse/neglect and adult aggressive behavior, emotional regulation challenges, elevated neuroticism, openness to experience, boldness, disinhibition, and meanness. Also, emotional regulation difficulties, personality traits, and psychopathy fully mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and impulsive/ premeditated aggression, as well as between a history of aggression and impulsive/ premeditated aggression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141593539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood emotional neglect and its relationship with well-being: Mediation analyses","authors":"Kacper Wilk ,&nbsp;Anna Starowicz ,&nbsp;Magdalena Szczecińska ,&nbsp;Magdalena Budziszewska","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Emotional neglect can have negative effects on mental health and well-being, making it a potentially traumatic experience. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between emotional neglect and depression, anxiety disorders, self-esteem, well-being, perceived social support, and perceived climate anxiety. The study also explored possible mediations and moderations among these variables. A total of 278 participants completed the study and were administered a range of psychological tools, including the Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Additionally, a demographic survey was conducted, which included questions about climate anxiety and experience with psychotherapy. Childhood emotional neglect is significantly, and positively correlated with climate anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, and depression, while being negatively correlated with well-being and perceived social support. Self-esteem, depression, and anxiety partially mediate the relationship between emotional neglect and psychological well-being, suggesting that interventions aimed at improving self-esteem and reducing anxiety may be effective in promoting psychological well-being among individuals who experienced emotional neglect in childhood. Early intervention and prevention efforts are important to reduce negative impact of emotional neglect. In particular, focusing on anxiety and depressive symptoms and self-esteem seems important to protect their well-being.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of phenotypes and dissociative diagnostic markers for demonic possession syndrome","authors":"Álex Escolà-Gascón ,&nbsp;Neil Dagnall ,&nbsp;Kenneth Drinkwater","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>According to clinical models of personality, patients with <em>dissociative identity disorder</em> (DID) who have experienced demonic possession (<em>psychiatric possession syndrome</em> or PPS) may present two profiles: the schizo-paranoid profile (characteristic of <em>psychotic spectrum disorder</em> or PSD) and the <em>hysteroid-histrionic</em> profile (characteristic of affective disorders). The present study aimed to examine the clinical and statistical evidence of these phenotypic personality structures in patients with PPS and DID (with and without PSD).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The design of this investigation was based on structural equation modeling. A total of 303 patients were diagnosed with DID without psychosis and 306 were diagnosed with DID with PSD; the diagnosis was made by clinical professionals who collaborated on this research and conducted the assessment tests. All patients completed clinical questionnaires on their personality structures, and dissociation level was also measured. The physician-psychiatrist assessed each patient using the <em>Psychiatric Possession Syndrome Checklist</em> (PPS-C), a new hetero-applied questionnaire on the symptomatic intensity of PPS.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results led to the conclusion that both personality structures were 65 %–66 % predictive of possession syndrome. Dissociative symptoms attributable to DID modulated the PPS variance by 21 % to 26 %. Validity evidence has been obtained for the combined phenotypic personality model that integrates DID and PSD structures.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We discuss the psychopathological and therapeutic implications of the analysis on the dissociative mechanisms involved in each personality phenotype. We also provide a graphical summary of the PPS symptoms, organized into a normalized distribution, which may prove useful for professional practice. Additionally, we present potential clinical scores from the PPS-C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141540098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shadow of the past: How paternal traumatic experiences shape early parent-child interactions and offspring's emotional development","authors":"Silvia Cimino ,&nbsp;Luca Cerniglia","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and Aims</h3><p>Early childhood is crucial for the development of social and emotional competencies, significantly influenced by parental interactions. While the impact of maternal psychopathology has been extensively studied, less is known about the effect of paternal trauma on parenting behaviors and subsequent child development. This study examines the effects of fathers' traumatic experiences on their psychopathology, quality of feeding interactions, and children's emotional and behavioral functioning.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A sample of 100 fathers and their two-year-old children participated in this cross-sectional study. Paternal psychopathology was assessed using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), and trauma exposure was measured with the Traumatic Experience Checklist (TEC). Parent-child feeding interactions were evaluated using the Scala di Valutazione delle Interazioni Alimentari (SVIA), and children's emotional and behavioral outcomes were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1,5-5).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fathers with past trauma displayed significantly higher levels of psychopathological symptoms and engaged in poorer quality feeding interactions compared to controls. These paternal characteristics were associated with higher scores on maladaptive outcomes in children's CBCL, indicating worse emotional and behavioral functioning.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings suggest that paternal trauma is linked to increased psychopathological risks and negatively affects the quality of paternal feeding interactions, which in turnith children's emotional and behavioral development. These results underscore the importance of integrating paternal trauma into clinical assessments and interventions to support family dynamics and promote healthier developmental outcomes in children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749924000565/pdfft?md5=8a80b6d67c965b543b596341a37cbb75&pid=1-s2.0-S2468749924000565-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imagery rescripting in the treatment of prolonged grief disorder: Insights, examples, and future directions","authors":"Franziska Lechner-Meichsner ,&nbsp;Paul A. Boelen ,&nbsp;Muriel A. Hagenaars","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) has received increasing attention in the past decades. It proved to be effective in reducing symptoms associated with aversive memories in a range of mental disorders, including anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Given its proposed working mechanisms, ImRs may also be a relevant treatment strategy for prolonged grief disorder (PGD), where negative appraisals, helplessness, and unmet needs play a key role as maintaining factors.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We aimed to illustrate how ImRs may be used in the treatment of PGD.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We present examples of clinical cases for several central themes in PGD: (1) Unfulfilled responsibilities, self-blame, and guilt; (2) Third-party failures, other-blame, and anger; (3) Unfinished businesses, troubled minds, and regrets; (4) Unsatisfactory goodbyes; (5) Emotional loneliness; 6) Shattered self-identity and reduced self-clarity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Based on the case examples, we illustrate how ImRs may be applied for each theme.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We hope to inspire clinicians to apply and researchers to investigate ImRs as a treatment strategy for PGD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749924000589/pdfft?md5=0307c8cf045bf8d143406de703965a15&pid=1-s2.0-S2468749924000589-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practices of social rehabilitation of sexually abused children","authors":"Sholpan Tolendi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To find the most effective ways to support and rehabilitate children suffering from the effects of sexual abuse to improve their quality of life, restore their psychological well-being and provide them with appropriate social support.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The research used the analytical method and a typological approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Different types of sexual violence experienced by children including incest, sexual rape, internet rape and sexual exploitation were explored. In addition, the work identified risk factors that contribute to sexual abuse and protective factors that reduce the probability of such incidents occurring. As a result of the research, a programme of work with child victims of sexual abuse was developed, which included six specific stages aimed at the rehabilitation of a child traumatised by sexual abuse. The programme includes getting to know the traumatised child, assessing the fact of sexual abuse, planning the child's care, conducting therapeutic and rehabilitation measures, implementing social and psychological support and monitoring the results of rehabilitation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This research can be used by professionals in the fields of psychology, psychotherapy, social work and medicine who work with children and adolescents who have experienced such trauma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}