European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation最新文献

{"title":"Long-term psychological sequelae in flood survivors of the 2017 Eurydice flood: PTSD, dissociation, depression and the role of personality","authors":"Vasiliki Varela ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Kontoangelos ,&nbsp;Charalambos C. Papageorgiou","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>In recent years, natural disasters have become a pressing public health issue, affecting people in multifaceted ways that encompass their physical wellbeing, financial security, social structures, and psychological health. The immediate physical effects of floods have been extensively examined, but the longer-term psychological ramifications as they relate to personality traits have received comparatively less research attention.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to elucidate the complex interplay of vulnerability and contextual factors underlying the chronic psychological impact of natural disasters among treatment-seeking survivors. Specifically, this research aspired to explore the prevalence of self-reported long-term post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms in survivors of the 2017 Eyridice flash flood in Attica, Greece, and identified potential socio-demographic, trauma-related, and personality risk factors that shape the long-term mental health trajectories of natural disaster survivors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were collected four years post-event via anonymized questionnaires from 98 community residents presenting to the Trauma and Disaster Recovery Clinic set up locally. The survey pack included the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS), the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS), and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Elevated PTSD and depression symptoms were observed, alongside increased self-reported rates of somatization, anxiety, compulsions, hostility, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. The key predictors of PTSD were high levels of neuroticism, older age, low levels of psychoticism, and losing one's property in the flood. Using canonical correlation, it was shown that while extraversion and psychoticism might be protective against developing PTSD and depression in the aftermath of a traumatic event, neuroticism acts as a risk factor, associated with higher PTSD and depression scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study represents the first attempt to quantify the chronic psychological consequences to this catastrophic event in a representative sample of local residents, using validated psychometric instruments. The findings highlight protective and vulnerability factors that can inform tailored public health interventions following similar natural disasters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting PTSD with machine learning: Forecasting refugees’ trauma and tailored intervention","authors":"Sandra Figueiredo ,&nbsp;Leyti Ndiaye","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition triggered by experiencing or witnessing traumatic events. Symptoms of PTSD include intrusive thoughts, avoidance behaviors, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and heightened arousal and reactivity. These symptoms can severely impact an individual's daily functioning and quality of life. Refugees, who often face extreme stress and traumatic experiences, are particularly susceptible to PTSD. The high prevalence of PTSD among refugee populations demands effective screening and early intervention to mitigate long-term mental health consequences. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to leverage machine learning algorithms to predict PTSD in individuals using data derived from the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and sociodemographic information. By developing a predictive model, in R and using the Python and random forests, we aim to identify individuals at high risk of developing PTSD, according to specific factors interacting in the context, as well allowing for timely and targeted interventions.</div><div>Sociodemographic variables and symptoms (features) were collected in 77 survivors with refugee status admitted in Portugal, through sociodemographic questionnaire and the PCL-5, respectively. The predictive model based in each set of factors indicated area under the curve (Receiver Operating Characteristics) with moderate to high values (between &gt;50 and &lt;93) for validations trials with pool sensitivity variation between 33 % and 70 %. Specificity showed unbalanced scoring (false positives approx. 80 %) for some clusters from PCL-5 considering certain variables introduced in model as potential predictors. Intrusive memories and cognitive and mood alterations were the clusters with highest predictive value to determine the ML model by integrating the following sociodemographic factors: date of entry in host country, academic background, household and monthly income. This model may inform and discern future interventions in refugees following trauma exposure with different features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in disaster survivors 1 year after the 2023 Kahramanmaras earthquake in Turkey","authors":"Mine TASKIN ,&nbsp;Kemal BAS ,&nbsp;Ekrem Furkan UCAK","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Earthquake, in addition to the structural destruction it causes in the geography where it occurs, is a natural disaster that deeply shakes people's lives and creates serious psychological effects. This study aims to examine the level of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the factors affecting PTSD in individuals who experienced the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake, which is described as the disaster of the century.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 624 disaster survivors (294 women, 330 men) who were surveyed 12 months after the earthquake. Two researchers visited the city of the earthquake and offered participation to all adults who met the study criteria. The Questionnaire Civilian Version (PCL-S) scale, consisting of a total of 17 questions and 3 subsections (re-experiencing, avoidance, hyperarousal symptoms), was used in the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PCL-T scores, which is considered the PTSD, are higher for those whose homes were completely destroyed, those who lost their jobs, those who had no income, those who lost a relative/friend, those who felt alienated from the area they lived in, and those who were married. Reconstruction of the house, restoration of the neighborhood, the level of damage to the house, and return to normal life after the earthquake were found to be significant predictors of the PCL-T score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The earthquakes in the region have once again demonstrated the importance of building earthquake-resilient cities and infrastructures. In the long term after the earthquake, it is important to increase psychosocial support services including psychological first aid, needs assessment, individual interviews, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Hungarian Version of the Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID-HU)–A Multi-Source Data Collection Approach","authors":"Zsófia Boytha ,&nbsp;Ákos Münnich ,&nbsp;Alexandra Szilágyiné Sándor ,&nbsp;Gabriella Tullner ,&nbsp;Zsuzsanna Bélteczki ,&nbsp;E. Csaba Móré ,&nbsp;Krisztina Czere ,&nbsp;Tamás Kánya ,&nbsp;Márton Lukács ,&nbsp;Judit Molnár","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article describes the development of the Hungarian version of the Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID-HU). The MID is a 218-item, self-administered, multi-scale instrument that comprehensively assesses the phenomenological domain of pathological dissociation and is suitable for diagnosing dissociative disorders. We used a multi-source approach to reach participants. We collected data from the psychiatric and addiction wards of two hospitals, private practices, and from online sources. Finally, the results of 323 participants were analyzed. We used the participants’ DES and MID-HU results to classify them into five groups: (1) Healthy control group, (2) Dissociative disorder group, (3) Dissociative symptoms group, (4) Psychiatric inpatients group without dissociation and substance use disorder (SUD) and (5) Alcohol dependent inpatients without dissociation. For testing discriminant validity we used several sections of SR-DDIS.</div><div>The MID-HU had strong internal consistency, temporal stability and strong structural, convergent and discriminant validity. Factor analysis of the MID-HU extracted a single factor: dissociation. Our results are similar to other international findings. We also found that the mean MID-HU correlated strongly with two SR-DDIS subscales: ’Features associated with DID’ (r: 0.79) and the ’Schneiderian first-rank symptoms’ (r: 0.62), while only at a moderate level with the other subscales (r: 0.40). The two dissociative groups proved to be significantly more traumatized than the other groups, although we found childhood traumatization in the psychiatric and AD inpatient groups as well, which affected the construct validity results. The DD group proved to be most severely traumatized among the five groups of participants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttrauma reckless and self-destructive behaviors among trauma-exposed sexual orientation and gender diverse adults","authors":"Benjamin W. Katz ,&nbsp;Nicole H. Weiss","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sexual orientation and gender diverse (SOGD) adults report disproportionately higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, examination of PTSD's new E2 criterion (i.e., posttrauma reckless and self-destructive behaviors [RSDBs]) has yet to be investigated among SOGD adults. The current study characterized the rate and types of past-month posttrauma RSDBs among trauma-exposed SOGD adults as well as the relation of past-month posttrauma RSDBs to PTSD severity. Participants were 122 trauma-exposed SOGD adults who were recruited from the community (<em>M</em> age = 32.59; 61.5% female; 18.9% gay/lesbian, 54.1% bisexual/pansexual, and 27% multiple sexual orientation identities). Results revealed a majority of trauma-exposed SOGD adults (69.4%) endorsed at least one past-month posttrauma RSDB. The most frequently endorsed RSDBs were problematic eating behaviors, problematic technology use, and reckless spending. Participants endorsing past-month posttrauma RSDBs reported significantly greater PTSD symptom severity compared to participants not endorsing past-month posttrauma RSDBs. Findings suggest that posttrauma RSDBs are prevalent among trauma-exposed SOGD adults and are associated with PTSD symptom severity, underscoring the need for assessing and intervening on RSDBs in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valuing unexpected and inconclusive results in the field of psychotraumatology and dissociation: Toward a more comprehensive science","authors":"Cyril Tarquinio","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skills training in affective and interpersonal regulation (STAIR) for treating complex trauma: A systematic review","authors":"Amélie Amilhau,&nbsp;Andréa Soubelet,&nbsp;Louise Crozier,&nbsp;Lisa Colamarino","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There is an ongoing debate on phased versus single-phase treatments for Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD). This study evaluates Skills Training in Affective and Interpersonal Regulation (STAIR), a widely-used phase-based therapy, to determine its effectiveness for CPTSD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review of English and French studies was conducted in line with PRISMA guidelines, utilizing databases such as PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Cochrane.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a review of seven studies, STAIR therapy for CPTSD showed significant symptom reduction, with effect sizes ranging from <em>d</em> = 1.34 to 2.29 in clinician assessments and <em>d</em> = 0.93 to 2.27 in self-reports. Symptoms of Disturbances in Self-Organization also decreased in six studies, but comparisons with direct treatments gave varied results, suggesting a complex picture of its effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This systematic review affirms the utility of STAIR therapy in the context of phase-based treatment for CPTSD while also bringing to light the contrasting results compared to direct approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valoriser les résultats inattendus et non-concluants dans le champ du psychotraumatisme et de la dissociation : Pour une science plus complète","authors":"Cyril Tarquinio","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100496","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143163682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Esketamine facilitate psychotherapies for Post-Traumatic stress disorder: A retrospective case series of six patients","authors":"Pascal Roullet ,&nbsp;Laure-Line Pons ,&nbsp;Pascale Delmas ,&nbsp;Célie Weber ,&nbsp;Philippe Raynaud de Prigny","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>medication-enhanced psychotherapies are increasingly used to treat Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Esketamine, used in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), sounds very promising as a new treatment for PTSD. Thus, our main objective was to investigate whether Esketamine associated with psychotherapy could reduce symptoms of both depression and PTSD in patients with complex PTSD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively collected clinical data of 6 patients receiving Esketamine nasal spray for TRD with comorbid PTSD. This treatment was always associated with a psychotherapy (supportive therapy, EMDR or hypnosis) and was prescribed twice then once per week during 24 weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the different sessions, five patients exhibited a clear improvement in depression and the MADRS score decreased by an average of 12.6 points. For PTSD, all patients presented a clear reduction of their PCL-5 scores ranging from -10.5 to -46.5 points. Moreover, we observed that 3 different sub-scores of the PCL-5 (re-experiencing, negative alteration of cognition and mood and hyper arousal) decreased significantly during sessions, but it was not the case for the avoidance sub-score.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Esketamine treatment associated with psychotherapies appears promising in patients with resistant complex PTSD and TRD. However, these encouraging results need to be confirmed in a standardized study with a larger sample size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent and psychotherapist views of psychosocial factors in Dissociative Neurological Symptom Disorder: A mixed-method study","authors":"Nikita Bhati ,&nbsp;Rachna Bhargava ,&nbsp;Rajesh Sagar ,&nbsp;R K Chadda","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The existing etiological understanding of Dissociative Neurological Symptom Disorder in adolescents often overlooks socio-cultural variations, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive frameworks.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our study explores key psychosocial factors associated with Dissociative Neurological Symptom Disorder in adolescents, comparing these factors with perspectives from psychotherapists working within an Indian psychiatric context.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a Cross-sectional research design with a Convergent parallel mixed-method approach. Twenty (<em>n</em> = 20) adolescents aged between 14 and 18 years and thirteen (<em>n</em> = 13) psychotherapists were recruited to complete the study procedures. This resulted in two distinct datasets. For the quantitative aspect, adolescent participants underwent assessment through a semi-structured interview schedule and objective psychological measures. The qualitative facet involved in-depth interviews with psychotherapists, guided by a comprehensive interview guide. We first analysed findings separately and later integrated them in accordance with Creswell, 2015.</div></div><div><h3>Main Findings</h3><div>The quantitative analysis of 20 adolescents (mean age = 16.50) revealed that most were girls (90 %) from lower or lower-middle-class families, with 90 % reporting significant life stressors. Common issues included sexual harassment or abuse (45 %), parental conflicts (45 %) and deficits in family communication (75 %). Nearly half of adolescents (45 %) faced school changes last year, with 40 % reporting past academic struggles, underscoring adaptation challenges. The qualitative analysis of the psychosocial characteristics unveiled a notable influence of multifaceted stressors on the adolescent population. The analysis of psychotherapist participants underscores the intricate interplay between five psychosocial factors namely, 1) coping mechanisms, 2) traumatic experiences, 3) interpersonal/familial conflicts, 4) academic stress, and 5) cultural aspects in shaping adolescents' illness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>: Our findings suggest the multifarious nature of stressors, highlighting the significance of employing a biopsychosocial approach when dealing with adolescents affected by DNSD. Furthermore, these results have implications for cultivating an aetiological understanding that is both developmentally and culturally tailored, thus influencing the focus of interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}