European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation最新文献

{"title":"Agressions sexuelles, traumas relationnels précoces et processus de mentalisation d'adolescentes en contexte de protection de l'enfance","authors":"Jessica Duclos ,&nbsp;Miguel M. Terradas ,&nbsp;Michel-Alexandre Rioux ,&nbsp;Lorie-Anne Jeffrey","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Childhood sexual abuse, particularly intrafamilial (ICSA), has numerous negative repercussions, especially in the context of early relational traumas (ERT). These traumatic events can impair the development of psychic processes, notably mentalization. This capacity is essential for interpreting behaviors in terms of mental states (e.g., intentions, affects, thoughts), which are mental representations of oneself and others.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the mental representations of adolescent girls aged 13 to 17 who have experienced ICSA in an ERT context and to better understand the underlying mentalizing processes.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was conducted based on the narratives of four adolescent girls, derived from the Child Attachment Interview, a semi-structured interview that explores relationships with primary caregivers and mentalizing processes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The IPA reveals four main themes illustrated by cinematographic metaphors. First, through images, they express a need to protect themselves from bodily and affective intrusions that disrupt access to mentalizing processes. Second, the body plays a significant role in their relational experiences, profoundly influencing their interactions and self-perception. Third, in the absence of reliable relations and with a fragile sense of self, they often feel insufficient and invalidated, perceiving themselves as de-vitalized objects in the eyes of their aggressors. Finally, the adolescents maintain a hope for repair, seeking to rebuild themselves through the changes they experience.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results provide access to the complex and unique representations of adolescent girls who have experienced ICSA in the context of ERT and help to understand the processes underlying their relational experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 1","pages":"Article 100489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion dysregulation, dissociation, and borderline personality disorder symptoms as correlates of maladaptive daydreaming in a general sample: The crucial role of experiential avoidance","authors":"Julia Celban,&nbsp;Ari Nowacki","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maladaptive daydreaming (MD) is defined as a long-hour fantasizing that disrupts the individual's daily functioning and enables an escape from unpleasant internal experiences. Previous studies indicate the significant role of daydreaming in emotion dysregulation. Considering the emotionality in people with borderline personality disorder (BPD), it can be assumed that MD functions as one of the strategies for coping with emotions in this group. The study aimed to explore the co-occurrence of MD with BPD symptoms. Additionally, the study will examine the role of BPD symptoms, experiential avoidance (EA), emotion dysregulation, and dissociation in the maintenance of MD. The sample included 167 adults (136 women, 28 men, 3 other/non-binary). MD symptoms correlated positively with BPD symptoms, dissociation, emotion dysregulation, and experiential avoidance. Two models explaining the symptoms of MD were compared. Model 1 did not include EA - after adding this variable, the fit of model 2 increased (SRMR = 0.095). EA predicted emotional dysregulation and dissociation, which in turn explained MD symptoms. The results allow for clinical cues for specialists and interventions focused on developing acceptance in treating MD and BPD symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traits de personnalité limite en émergence, empathie et comportements intériorisés et extériorisés chez les enfants maltraités","authors":"Anne-Laurence Bastarache ,&nbsp;Emy Marceau ,&nbsp;Juliette St-Onge ,&nbsp;Olivier Didier ,&nbsp;Miguel M. Terradas","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Some studies suggest that emerging borderline personality traits (EBPD) are linked to childhood maltreatment and that the presence of empathy difficulties and internalized and externalized behaviors are associated with them. Since most children housed in Youth Protection Centers (YPC) have been victims of maltreatment, they appear to be at greater risk of developing these difficulties compared to children from the general population and those consulting a psychologist.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study compares these three groups regarding EBPD, empathy (cognitive, affective, global), and internalized and externalized behaviors. It also aims to verify the moderating role of empathy in the relationship between EBPD and externalized behaviors. Method. One hundred and sixteen children aged 6 to 12 were divided into three groups: 35 housed in Youth Protection Centers, 42 consulting in psychology, and 39 from the general population. Children and caregivers responded to separate questionnaires measuring the various variables under study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between children housed in YPC and those in the general population regarding EBPD, self-reported global empathy, and internalized and externalized behaviors. Global empathy also seems to moderate the relationship between EBPD and externalized behaviors when assessed by children.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results would make it possible to target variables to consider during interventions with children with EBPD to avoid the consolidation of their EBPD traits into adult borderline personality disorder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tribute to Daniel P. Brown, Ph.D.–1948-2022","authors":"D. Corydon Hammond (Professor Emeritus)","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100484","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do clients experience intensive EMDR for post-traumatic stress? An interpretative phenomenological analysis","authors":"Sarah-Jane Butler ,&nbsp;Christine Ramsey-Wade","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Several studies of the intensive delivery of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) have indicated it to be an effective treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), providing improved client experience, faster reduction in symptoms, greater symptom reduction, and reduced dropout rates as compared to non-intensive EMDR. However, there is a dearth of studies that describe this non-traditional approach to the delivery of EMDR psychotherapy from the patients’ perspective.</div></div><div><h3>Procedure</h3><div>This qualitative study explores the experiences of patients who undertook intensive EMDR for post-traumatic stress. Interviews were conducted with 10 participants and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).</div></div><div><h3>Main findings</h3><div>The data revealed two Personal Experiential Themes (PET) and four experiential statements. ‘The importance of psychological safety’ generated sub-themes of ‘A protected space’ and ‘The importance of a continued connection’. ‘The changing self’ generated two sub-themes of a ‘Wow! moment’, and ‘Living the way I always wanted’.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Results show that intensive EMDR can be experienced as safe, facilitating agency and engagement while affecting meaningful change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of Reconsolidation of Traumatic Memories for Complex PTSD – A pilot quasi-experimental study from a wellness centre in India","authors":"Gunjan Y Trivedi ,&nbsp;Neha Pandya ,&nbsp;Parishi Thakore ,&nbsp;Hemalatha Ramani ,&nbsp;Riri G Trivedi ,&nbsp;Soundappan Kathirvel","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD), based on ICD-11 guidelines, is differentiated from PTSD by several unique characteristics. Prolonged or frequent exposure to an event or series of events of extremely threatening or horrific nature increases the risk for CPTSD in adults. For PTSD, Reconsolidation of Traumatic Memories (RTM) has emerged as an effective intervention. There are limited studies on how to address CPTSD. Hence, RTM's effectiveness for CPTSD has not yet been established. In India, there are very few studies on PTSD (focusing mainly on natural disasters and violence), none on CPTSD and none on the effectiveness of RTM. Unfortunately, India, with &gt;400 million young individuals and with high prevalence and limited identification of mental health issues, has a major gap in this area. This quasi-experimental pilot study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the RTM intervention for individuals with CPTSD at a wellness centre in India.</div><div>The participants (&gt;18 years, <em>n</em> = 107) who reached out to a wellness center for help were assessed by two trained therapists (including a psychologist) based on the presenting problems for CPTSD using the International Trauma Questionnaire. Additional assessments included Major Depression Inventory and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. Based on the index-trauma framework, RTM intervention was delivered. Post-measurements were done (a) after one month or at least after five sessions and (b) after three months.</div><div>After one month (or five sessions), the CPTSD status changed to “none” (no diagnosis) for 80 and “PTSD” for 2 individuals. The results were sustained post-three months (<em>n</em> = 30). The paired <em>t</em>-test confirmed the overall reduction in CPTSD score after one month compared to baseline and even after three months compared to after one month, based on statistical significance (<em>p</em> &lt; .01). The findings confirmed the effectiveness of RTM intervention for individuals with CPTSD. The study's limitations (quasi-experimental design, urban, English-speaking Indians) could be addressed in future work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health and perceived consequences in a clinical sample of women featured in video-based pornography","authors":"Fabienne El-Khoury Lesueur ,&nbsp;Véronique Héroin ,&nbsp;Marion Fareng","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Several reports have shed light on the potentially traumatic filming conditions, and violence experienced by women featured in pornography (WP). However, there is a scarcity of research on the mental health of these women, as well as the perceived consequences of participation in Video-based Pornography (VbP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-six women, recruited through collaboration with WP support groups, completed an online questionnaire covering socio-demographics, pre-VbP violence experiences, and perceived consequences of their participation in VbP. Additionally, participants completed the French versions of the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II), and the 13-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-13).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The participants had a mean age of 31.2 years (SD = 7), and the median age at first participation in VbP was 21. A majority (77.8 %) reported a lifetime experience of sexual violence before featuring in VbP. All participants reported at least one negative effect of participating in VbP, with three in four women citing cyberbullying following VbP dissemination. Additionally, participants reported a range of physical consequences such as vaginal lesions and sexually transmitted diseases. Thirty women (83 %) had a PCL-5 score over 33, indicative of probable PTSD, and 28 women (78 %) had a DES-II score of 30 or more, indicating high levels of dissociative symptoms. Furthermore, 19 women (53 %) reported a BDI-13 score over 13, suggesting potential severe depression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores psychosocial vulnerabilities and the presence of severe psychopathology among WP. It also documents their perceptions of negative consequences of participation in VbP, such as cyberbullying, physical injuries, and emotional distress. Further, large-scale studies are needed to substantiate these results and better understand the scale of the problem, as well as to optimize care interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Résistance et trauma: introduire l'existence","authors":"Jean-Michel DARVES-BORNOZ MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resilience is implicitly thought as a capacity that some have, but that no one has done much to obtain, so that the notion of resistance to narcissistic and traumatic wounds, remains necessary. Resistance evokes an unconscious obstruction in metapsychology, or martial in history. The meaning in our case is different: resisting trauma is an emotional and intellectual effort to move beyond a stupefying awareness. This includes that: perception is not neutral; existence fragments the psyche; both intergenerational and adversity determine distinct self-states. The article presents five theses upon which existential analysis can rely. The latter re-founds existences where usual therapies renounces to do so: <em>persistent traumatic states</em>. Symptoms may disappear in course of analysis, including excessive dissociative archaic defences, physical or mental, although it aims elsewhere. Existential analysis seeks to reveal to subjects that they are abdicating their freedom if they consider received ideas about the world as free choices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences and dissociation among Italian public psychology service users","authors":"Giuseppe Scimeca,&nbsp;Marianna Ardito,&nbsp;Rosario D'Avenia","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Different studies have provided evidence that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with mental health problems as a function of racial and ethnic diversity. The aim of the present study was thus to study the association between ACEs and dissociation in a sample of Southern Italian public psychology service (PPS) users. A sample of 183 adults who requested psychotherapeutic treatment within an Italian PPS was recruited. ACEs were assessed via the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACE-Q). Dissociative symptoms were assessed via the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II) and the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20). Dissociative syndromes were assessed via two scales of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III): the Somatoform Syndrome (H) and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Syndrome (R) scales. The most common types of ACEs in our sample were emotional neglect and emotional abuse. The number of ACEs showed a significant association with all the different measures of dissociation administered. Logistic regression analysis for the DES-II resulted in a solution made up of sexual abuse and parental separation or divorce. The regression analysis for the SDQ-20 resulted in a solution made up of emotional abuse, physical neglect, and parental separation or divorce. Sexual abuse positively predicted PTSD scale scores, while no solution was found for somatoform disorder. ACEs and dissociation were strongly associated in this study, but the nature of this association depended on the aspect of dissociation under investigation, particularly when we considered the distinction between dissociative symptoms versus syndromes. Cultural characteristics and clinical implications for public services are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the interplay between dreams, Early Maladaptive Schemas and demanding parenting style in Malaysia: A qualitative study","authors":"Jin Chien Gan,&nbsp;Shubashini Mathialagan,&nbsp;Amos En Zhe Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demanding parenting style is a dysfunctional parenting behaviour which involves strict rules, overprotectiveness, high standards, and little affection or emotional support. It is commonly found in the Asian community. Extensive studies have suggested that this parenting style would contribute to various severe impacts, which include the development of early maladaptive schemas (EMS). Interestingly, EMS has been found to represent itself in dreams through themes and symbols. With this, the current study employed qualitative interviews to analyse the relationship between EMS and dreams in eight Malaysian young adults who experienced demanding parenting styles. The current study found that a demanding parenting style is associated with six EMS, which are (1) abuse/mistrust, (2) failure, (3) pessimism/negativity, (4) unrelenting standard/hypercriticalness, (5) approval seeking/recognition seeking, and (6) social isolation/alienation. These EMS manifested themselves in dreams. Based on these findings, the use of EMS in dream analysis has the potential to be an effective mediator to understand and explore the individuals’ past history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 4","pages":"Article 100478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}