European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation最新文献

{"title":"The shadow of the past: How paternal traumatic experiences shape early parent-child interactions and offspring's emotional development","authors":"Silvia Cimino ,&nbsp;Luca Cerniglia","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and Aims</h3><p>Early childhood is crucial for the development of social and emotional competencies, significantly influenced by parental interactions. While the impact of maternal psychopathology has been extensively studied, less is known about the effect of paternal trauma on parenting behaviors and subsequent child development. This study examines the effects of fathers' traumatic experiences on their psychopathology, quality of feeding interactions, and children's emotional and behavioral functioning.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A sample of 100 fathers and their two-year-old children participated in this cross-sectional study. Paternal psychopathology was assessed using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), and trauma exposure was measured with the Traumatic Experience Checklist (TEC). Parent-child feeding interactions were evaluated using the Scala di Valutazione delle Interazioni Alimentari (SVIA), and children's emotional and behavioral outcomes were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1,5-5).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fathers with past trauma displayed significantly higher levels of psychopathological symptoms and engaged in poorer quality feeding interactions compared to controls. These paternal characteristics were associated with higher scores on maladaptive outcomes in children's CBCL, indicating worse emotional and behavioral functioning.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings suggest that paternal trauma is linked to increased psychopathological risks and negatively affects the quality of paternal feeding interactions, which in turnith children's emotional and behavioral development. These results underscore the importance of integrating paternal trauma into clinical assessments and interventions to support family dynamics and promote healthier developmental outcomes in children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749924000565/pdfft?md5=8a80b6d67c965b543b596341a37cbb75&pid=1-s2.0-S2468749924000565-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imagery rescripting in the treatment of prolonged grief disorder: Insights, examples, and future directions","authors":"Franziska Lechner-Meichsner ,&nbsp;Paul A. Boelen ,&nbsp;Muriel A. Hagenaars","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) has received increasing attention in the past decades. It proved to be effective in reducing symptoms associated with aversive memories in a range of mental disorders, including anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Given its proposed working mechanisms, ImRs may also be a relevant treatment strategy for prolonged grief disorder (PGD), where negative appraisals, helplessness, and unmet needs play a key role as maintaining factors.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We aimed to illustrate how ImRs may be used in the treatment of PGD.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We present examples of clinical cases for several central themes in PGD: (1) Unfulfilled responsibilities, self-blame, and guilt; (2) Third-party failures, other-blame, and anger; (3) Unfinished businesses, troubled minds, and regrets; (4) Unsatisfactory goodbyes; (5) Emotional loneliness; 6) Shattered self-identity and reduced self-clarity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Based on the case examples, we illustrate how ImRs may be applied for each theme.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We hope to inspire clinicians to apply and researchers to investigate ImRs as a treatment strategy for PGD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749924000589/pdfft?md5=0307c8cf045bf8d143406de703965a15&pid=1-s2.0-S2468749924000589-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practices of social rehabilitation of sexually abused children","authors":"Sholpan Tolendi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To find the most effective ways to support and rehabilitate children suffering from the effects of sexual abuse to improve their quality of life, restore their psychological well-being and provide them with appropriate social support.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The research used the analytical method and a typological approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Different types of sexual violence experienced by children including incest, sexual rape, internet rape and sexual exploitation were explored. In addition, the work identified risk factors that contribute to sexual abuse and protective factors that reduce the probability of such incidents occurring. As a result of the research, a programme of work with child victims of sexual abuse was developed, which included six specific stages aimed at the rehabilitation of a child traumatised by sexual abuse. The programme includes getting to know the traumatised child, assessing the fact of sexual abuse, planning the child's care, conducting therapeutic and rehabilitation measures, implementing social and psychological support and monitoring the results of rehabilitation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This research can be used by professionals in the fields of psychology, psychotherapy, social work and medicine who work with children and adolescents who have experienced such trauma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated symptoms of traumatization: A scale validation of Trauma symptoms checklist - 26 (TSC-26)","authors":"Zoe Emilie Warburg de Chiffre ,&nbsp;Johanne Esther Volkmann ,&nbsp;Ask Elklit","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The Trauma Symptoms Checklist-26 (TSC-26) has been used to measure negative affectivity, somatization, and dissociation in several Danish studies, but it has never been validated.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Using data from five studies involving 1576 participants, the factor structure of the TSC- 26 was explored using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Correlation analyses of the associations between scales on the TSC-26 total score, its subscales, and scores on scales measuring related constructs were carried out. Independent samples <em>t</em>-tests of exposure variables were conducted. A test-retest analysis was performed, and Cronbach's alpha was calculated as measures of reliability.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The CFA confirmed the expected three-factor structure of the TSC-26, which obtained an acceptable fit with three modifications. The correlation analyses showed strong correlations between TSC-26 and related scales. Independent samples <em>t</em>-tests found significant differences in TSC-26 scores between high- and low trauma exposure groups. Both measures of reliability resulted in high reliability coefficients for the whole scale as well as subscales. Reliability measures and test-retest coefficients were excellent.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The total score of the TSC-26 can validly be used to measure negative affectivity, somatization, and dissociation in samples of traumatized individuals. A few scale modifications and the development of a cut-off score are recommended in future studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749924000516/pdfft?md5=2631792e5608f6e1f4f141db833a29aa&pid=1-s2.0-S2468749924000516-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141403782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It's not just a movie: Perceived impact of misportrayals of dissociative identity disorder in the media on self and treatment","authors":"Briana L. Snyder ,&nbsp;Stacey Marie Boyer ,&nbsp;Jennifer E. Caplan ,&nbsp;M. Shae Nester ,&nbsp;Bethany Brand","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hollywood has demonstrated an interest in dissociative identity disorder (DID), but unfortunately, films and television series have portrayed DID in captivating storylines at the expense of individuals living with DID. These representations of DID are often stigmatizing, stereotypical, and inaccurate.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present study aimed to explore the impact of media portrayals on patients’ views of themselves and their treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A total of 377 individuals with DID completed an online survey about their perceptions of the impact of DID representations in the media, and 151 of those participants reported that media portrayals of DID had an impact on their mental health treatment. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative data.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of those participants who reported an impact on their treatment, an overwhelming majority (<em>n</em> = 129) reported the impact to be negative. Five superordinate themes emerged: 1.) portrayals are inaccurate and perpetuate myths among clinicians, 2.) portrayals impact patients’ experiences of themselves and access to treatment, 3.) lack of clinical training and influence of media portrayals lead to negative outcomes, 4.) portrayals lead to maltreatment by clinicians, and 5.) importance of specialty treatment not based on media portrayals.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present study found that inaccurate, stigmatizing media depictions of DID perpetuate misconceptions about DID and contribute to delays in seeking treatment and getting accurately diagnosed, and increased shame and self-loathing among individuals with DID.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141395591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development and the effectiveness of schema therapy on Malaysian female young adults who experienced continuous trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder","authors":"Amos En Zhe Lian ,&nbsp;Weng-Tink Chooi ,&nbsp;Suzanna A. Bono","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Malaysia, most psychotherapies were introduced in the 1980s and 1990s. Unfortunately, the development and availability of new psychotherapies have been comparatively slower and neglected in Malaysia, particularly in the context of trauma-focused psychotherapy. A new therapeutic model, schema therapy, has been hypothesized as a potential alternative for trauma treatment. This study adapted schema therapy to be culturally specific for Malaysia and conducted an interventional randomized controlled trial to investigate its effectiveness. The study focused on female young adults in Malaysia who had experienced repeated and continuous trauma.</p><p>The effectiveness of schema therapy was compared with Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Tf-CBT). Each group comprised 15 participants who received 16 one-hour therapy sessions over a span of 4 months. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms were measured during the pre-test, post-test, and 3-month follow-up assessments. Additionally, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with participants from both the schema therapy and Tf-CBT groups to gain a deeper understanding of the differences between the two psychotherapeutic approaches.</p><p>Both quantitative and qualitative analyses demonstrated that schema therapy exhibited superior short-term and long-term effectiveness compared to Tf-CBT in reducing PTSD symptoms. These findings support the viability of schema therapy as an effective option for addressing trauma in the Malaysian context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychedelic-augmented psychotherapy for overcoming traumatic dissociation: A review of neuroscientific and phenomenological evidence","authors":"Ansgar Rougemont-Bücking ,&nbsp;Florence Guenot ,&nbsp;Virginie Salamin ,&nbsp;Isabelle Gothuey ,&nbsp;Catherine Duffour ,&nbsp;Julia King-Olivier ,&nbsp;Vincent Girard ,&nbsp;Jean Naudin","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The renewed interest in entactogens and classical psychedelics, particularly in the context of psychotraumatology, has led to the positioning of psychedelic-augmented psychotherapy (PAP) as a highly promising therapeutic approach for traumatic dissociation. In this comprehensive review, findings from empirical studies are combined with observations of patients' phenomenological experience manifesting during the course of PAP. The implications of PAP in relation to the ‘structural dissociation model,’ which assumes the presence of an emotional part (EP) and of an apparently normal part (ANP) of the personality, are highlighted. Three different pathogenic dynamics are considered that typically occur in complexly traumatized patients: phobic avoidance of traumatic memories, contextualization deficit and traumatic attachment.</p><p>In summary, by re-evaluating phenomenological experiences against the background of neurobiological mechanisms, PAP offers a promising avenue for a deeper understanding and therapeutic resolution of traumatic dissociation, which could fundamentally improve the treatment paradigm for many trauma-related disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749924000541/pdfft?md5=2351c0b29cd1416ad293402fe947819a&pid=1-s2.0-S2468749924000541-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subgroup differences in PTSD symptom presentations: A latent class analysis","authors":"Sarah E. Whiteman ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Lee ,&nbsp;Lindsay B. Kramer ,&nbsp;Jessica M. Petri ,&nbsp;Frank W. Weathers","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly heterogeneous disorder (Galatzer-Levy &amp; Bryant, 2013). Mixture modeling has been used to identify homogeneous subgroups of individuals based on patterns of PTSD symptom expression. However, most of these studies are based on <em>DSM-IV</em> rather than <em>DSM-5</em> PTSD criteria. In addition, these studies employ different indicators of latent class membership, which contributes to variability in the number and nature of latent classes identified. Additionally, there is relatively limited construct validity evidence of identified latent classes. To address these limitations, a latent class analysis (LCA) of <em>DSM-5</em> PTSD symptoms was conducted in a sample of undergraduate students (<em>N</em> = 322) who met criteria for a subthreshold diagnosis of PTSD. The current study aimed to replicate and extend findings from the limited number of LCAs of <em>DSM-5</em> PTSD criteria and examine how resulting classes meaningfully differ in external correlates. Findings revealed a three-class solution: Low Anhedonia/Externalizing Behaviors (EB), Moderate Symptoms, and High Symptoms of PTSD. Relative to the other classes, the High Symptoms class was characterized by elevated anxiety and somatic symptoms on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991). Relative to the Low Anhedonia/EB, the Moderate Symptoms class was characterized by numerous psychopathology domains, including depression and borderline personality traits. Results from this study suggest that, beyond classes characterized by similar PTSD symptom severity across symptoms, some individuals with similar overall PTSD symptom severity differed based on depressive symptom characteristics. Implications and future directions are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141400883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic events experienced on board by French Merchant Navy Officer Cadets","authors":"David Lucas ,&nbsp;Anne-Sylvie Beaucher ,&nbsp;Dominique Jegaden ,&nbsp;Camille Jego ,&nbsp;Jean Pierre Auffray","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Recent papers highlighted psychosocial and occupational risks for merchant seafarers. Officers as an occupational group were on of the most exposed. They are exposed to psychological traumatic events. During their training courses cadets have to embark onboard each year. The aim of this study was to investigate traumatic experiences and risk factors in French merchant Navy cadets.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Our study is an observational self-report study using an anonymous questionnaire in two time periods. In 2011, analysis of first embarkment period and in 2022 self-administrated questionnaire.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This two-part study highlights frequent exposure to professional situations (19 %) with a risk of psychological impact, particularly post-traumatic stress. The main causes found are related to the conduct of the ship, weather conditions, incidents on board and piracy.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The high rate of exposure to events with high levels of stress and their diversity seems to us to highlight the need for prevention, information, and action on its various sources, but also on all the psychosocial factors to which seafarers are exposed</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141397730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing a sequential path analysis from early complex trauma to regulation of psychological needs","authors":"Bruno Faustino ,&nbsp;António Branco Vasco","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2024.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Classical and contemporary theoretical approaches emphasize that significant events during childhood have important implications throughout life regarding developmental psychopathology and psychological health. Previous research has shown significant associations between early complex trauma, affective temperament, and maladaptive parenting with symptomatology. However, how trauma experiences are amplified and/or augmented and how they impact the regulation of psychological needs remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to explore a sequential path model from early complex trauma to psychological needs with multiple mediators. Data were collected from a convenience sample (<em>N</em> = 644) who responded to several questionnaires in a cross-sectional design. Early complex trauma correlated positively with early maladaptive schemas and affective temperament. A significant sequential path model showed that early complex trauma is related to difficulties in the regulation of psychological needs, with significant contributions from affective temperament, maladaptive parenting, and early maladaptive schemas. Results support the notion that several variables may mediate relationships between trauma experiences and the regulation of psychological needs. Implications for the development of an integrative early disorder determinants theory are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"8 3","pages":"Article 100422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}