European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of imputability in a case of murder with dissociation","authors":"Pedro V. Mateo-Fernández ,&nbsp;Iria Osa-Subtil ,&nbsp;Isabella E. Senno ,&nbsp;Nelson Andrade-González ,&nbsp;Lydia Brea-Montilla ,&nbsp;María Cruz-Fortún","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Imputability in criminal cases is a main element with regard to possible variations in sentencing with the application of mitigating or exonerating factors, due to the impairment of the cognitive and/or volitional capacities of the accused during the commission of the crime. A psychopathological disorder that affects the cognition and volition of the individual is dissociation. This paper presents the evaluation process of a murder case with dissociative components at the time of the crime.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The documentation provided by the legal representative of the accused was analyzed, in addition to the performance of a psychological evaluation process through interviews in an exclusively forensic context and complementary evaluation tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results of each of the tests applied are described, as well as a functional analysis and a forensic formulation model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A lack of social skills and coping strategies, perceived threats within the conflict-filled relationship with the victim, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), provoked fear and anger in the examinee. These states annulled his cognitive and volitional capacities due to the dissociative symptomatology associated with derealization, depersonalization, and dissociative amnesia. This symptomatology partially overrode the cognitive and volitional capacities of the examinee and triggered the fatal outcome. However, future research is needed to further investigate the causal relationship between these disorders and the commission of violent crimes such as homicide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined individual and group-based stabilization and skill-training intervention: A thematic analysis of patients’ experiences","authors":"Torun Grøtte ,&nbsp;Nina Jakhelln Laugen ,&nbsp;Heidi Brattland ,&nbsp;Anne E. Skjervold ,&nbsp;Valentina R.C. Iversen ,&nbsp;Katrine Høyer Holgersen","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While many trauma survivors recover, up to half of the population seeking mental health care are estimated to present with a clinical picture in line with complex PTSD (C-PTSD). As the disorder of C-PTSD is new, there is insufficient data to guide recommendations for treatment. However, to address problems related to symptoms of disturbances in self-organization, a group setting may be useful. The aim of this qualitative study was therefore to explore how outpatients with long-term posttraumatic reactions experienced their participation in a combined trauma treatment, which integrated group-based stabilization and skill training (SST) alongside individual treatment as usual (TAU).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five women with long-term posttraumatic reactions who had completed the combined trauma treatment. Transcripts were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants identified three key aspects of the combined treatment format that were essential for their process of recovery. First, cohesive relationships between group members and between patients and therapists gave the participants new interpersonal experiences which helped them to alleviate stigma, improve negative self-perceptions, reduce social isolation, as well as exposed them to their challenges in forming and maintain relationships. Second, skill training was perceived as challenging but helped the participants to find new ways to understand and relate to their trauma symptoms. Third, individual treatment complemented group-SST by allowing for tailored adjustments and extended support.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The participants’ descriptions support the perceived utility value of a combined stabilizing treatment approach for individuals with long-standing posttraumatic reactions. However, randomized controlled trials are needed to rigorously assess its short- and long-term effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Arousal Modulation Model Questionnaire (AMMQ): Development, validation, and transdiagnostic applications","authors":"Fabio D’Antoni ,&nbsp;Alessio Matiz ,&nbsp;Cristiano Crescentini","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100564","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Trauma emerges as a significant etiological factor associated with a wide range of psychopathologies, including anxiety, mood disorders, impulse dysregulation, psychosis, substance dependence, personality disorders, conduct issues, and suicidal behavior. Furthermore, trauma plays a central role in somatoform and alexithymic disorders, eating disorders, and self-injurious behaviors. Additionally, trauma is linked to the development of various physical health conditions such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and inflammatory diseases, as well as cancer. Thus, the negative health consequences of trauma extend beyond PTSD and often manifest in personalized, polysymptomatic, and polysyndromic ways, suggesting the utility of adopting transdiagnostic approaches.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study focuses on validating the Arousal Modulation Model Questionnaire (AMMQ), grounded in Ogden and Minton's Arousal Modulation Model originating from Siegel's concept of the Window of Tolerance. The validation process encompasses multiple facets of questionnaire validation, including construct validity, reliability, and other psychometric properties.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Participants included a sample of 304 individuals recruited for this study, with a mean age of 39.36 years (SD = 12.88). Although participants may have experienced one or more traumatic events in their lives, they were currently not under the care of the National Health Service Psychiatry Centers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Construct validity of the AMMQ was assessed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Initial exploratory factor analysis revealed a coherent factor structure consistent with theoretical expectations derived from the Arousal Modulation Model, yielding four distinct factors: \"Optimal Arousal Zone\" (OAZ, 7 items), \"Fight/Flight\" (FF, 4 items), Freeze (Fr, 6 items), and \"Feigned Death\" (FD, 5 items). Subsequent confirmatory factor analysis supported this structure, demonstrating excellent model fit (χ²(203) = 381.738, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001; CFI = 0.94; TLI = 0.93; RMSEA = 0.05; SRMR = 0.05).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Internal consistency was high, with a mean categorical omega (ω) of 0.83 across all subscales, supporting the reliability of the AMMQ.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Convergent validity was assessed by examining the associations between each AMMQ subscale and a set of established external measures. The Optimal Arousal Zone (OAZ) subscale showed strong positive correlations with all dimensions of psychological well-being (PWB-SF) and negative correlations with emotional distress (DASS-21), dissociation (DES-II). Conversely, all three dysregulation subscales—Fight-or-Flight (FF), Freeze (Fr), and Feigned Death (FD)—were positively associated with anxiety, depression, stress, and dissociation, as well as with increased autonomic reactivity measured by the BPQ-22 (all &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). The AMMQ test-retest reliability was also good (0.83).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Overall, the validation results suggest that the A","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of crisis events on the family and technologies of psychological support to overcome the consequences","authors":"Tetiana Pashko ,&nbsp;Olesia Tovstukha ,&nbsp;Liliia Chernovska ,&nbsp;Inessa Serhieieva ,&nbsp;Olha Chumak","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The ongoing war in Ukraine has triggered a large-scale humanitarian crisis, severely affecting the structure and well-being of families. The disruption of family roles, prolonged separation, and psychological trauma have created long-term consequences for both adults and children.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to identify the key consequences of the humanitarian crisis for Ukrainian families and to develop evidence-based recommendations for psychosocial support.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The research combined a survey of families affected by the war in Ukraine with a content analysis of relevant literature. The sample included families who directly experienced the impact of displacement, loss, and social instability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed significant changes in family dynamics, including role confusion due to loss of employment or physical injury, emotional disconnection caused by prolonged separation, and an increased risk of relationship breakdown. Children were identified as particularly vulnerable, with symptoms such as emotional instability, academic decline, and, in some cases, severe psychological disorders. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) emerged as a central challenge, influencing communication patterns, emotional availability, and behavior within families. The study also systematized effective technologies for crisis recovery, including individual and family therapy, online counseling, and the use of digital self-help tools.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted psychosocial interventions for families affected by war. Practical recommendations include the development of adaptable support programmes that address trauma, preserve family cohesion, and promote emotional resilience across different family structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between Complex PTSD symptoms and functional impairment in individuals with attachment trauma and comorbid mental illness","authors":"Jacqueline L. Kinley ,&nbsp;Sandra M. Reyno","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Individual with histories of complex attachment (relational) trauma and comorbid mental illness often have significant treatment needs. The current study sought to explore the relative contribution of Complex PTSD symptom clusters on functional impairment in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A convenience sample of 74 individuals admitted to a specialty treatment service for trauma-related disorders completed the International Trauma Questionnaire to assess Complex PTSD symptoms and functional impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Meeting diagnostic criteria for any of the Complex PTSD symptom clusters was significantly associated with meeting the functional impairment criterion. Nevertheless, the strength of associations differed between symptom clusters. Individuals endorsing diagnostic criteria for affective dysregulation or disturbances in relationships had a higher risk/probability of meeting criteria for DSO functional impairment, while those endorsing avoidance or sense of threat having a higher risk/probability of meeting criteria for PTSD functional impairment. Dimensional severity of all Complex PTSD symptom clusters was significantly associated with dimensional severity of functional impairments; however, only negative self-concept, disturbances in relationships and avoidance were found to be significant predictors of DSO or PTSD related severity of functional impairment when controlling for other symptom clusters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Trauma symptoms have differential impacts on functional impairment. Prioritizing the most impactful symptoms may be critical for providing timely and efficient treatment of Complex PTSD. Negative self-concept, disturbances in relationships and avoidance stemming from traumatic experiences may be particularly crucial targets in interventions for individuals with histories of attachment trauma, Complex PTSD symptoms and comorbid mental illness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond right and wrong: A new theoretical model for understanding moral injury","authors":"Oria Vaknin,&nbsp;Vered Ne'eman-Haviv","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research has increasingly focused on the role of moral frameworks in understanding trauma and traumatic events, leading to the recognition of \"moral injury\" as a clinical syndrome. Although various definitions exist, there is still a lack of consensus on the nature and consequences of moral injury. This article proposes a new theoretical model that broadens the study of moral injury to include diverse populations, suggesting it arises not only from traumatic experiences but also from conflicts between moral ideals and reality. By integrating concepts such as prescriptive cognitions, post hoc thinking, and cognitive flexibility, the model portrays moral injury as existing on a continuum, affecting a wide range of individuals. The article explores implications for treatment and emphasizes the need for follow-up empirical studies to validate the proposed model. It also suggests the possibility that moral injury is on a continuum, in addition to the possibility of explaining this process. This approach offers new insights into prevention and intervention strategies, highlighting the broader applicability of moral injury beyond military contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le retraitement des mémoires implicites dans la prise en charge de l’enfant adopté et sa famille: regards croisés de la thérapie des États du moi et de l’EMDR","authors":"Virginie Dhaese","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cet article propose une réflexion clinique sur l’articulation entre la thérapie des États du Moi (TEM) et la thérapie E.M.D.R (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) dans le cadre de l’accompagnement d’un enfant adopté et de sa famille. Il explore l’impact potentiel des mémoires implicites non intégrées, susceptibles de fragiliser le système intra-individuel de l’enfant ainsi que les dynamiques systémiques intrafamiliales.</div></div><div><h3>Méthode:</h3><div>A travers une approche intégrative, le cas clinique de Meghan et sa famille illustre comment la combinaison de la thérapie E.M.D.R et la TEM peuvent soutenir, de manière complémentaire, les processus de stabilisation, de réparation des liens intra et interindividuels, ainsi que l’intégration des expériences précoces traumatiques.</div></div><div><h3>Résultat</h3><div>L’intégration des mémoires implicites permet à Meghan de se libérer des comportements et émotions débordantes qu’elle vit avec une forme de « soudaineté » et une intensité non contrôlée. Elle peut, ainsi, mobiliser les ressources pour s’autoréguler, mieux appréhender les relations avec les autres et avec elle-même.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Le travail thérapeutique mené avec l’enfant et sa famille, à travers l’E.M.D.R et la TEM, semble encourager un processus d’intégration des expériences traumatiques précoces. Cette dynamique se manifeste notamment par une cohérence autobiographique narrative intra-et inter-individuelle, d’une part et une régulation émotionnelle, plus adaptée, à l’ici et le maintenant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood trauma is associated with theory of mind deficits in obsessive-compulsive disorder","authors":"Tamini Soondrum ,&nbsp;Jie Fan ,&nbsp;Feng Gao ,&nbsp;Xiang Wang ,&nbsp;Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Liu ,&nbsp;Jingjie Lu ,&nbsp;Quanhao Yu ,&nbsp;Hongyu Du ,&nbsp;Xiongzhao Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous studies have shown that social impairments such as Theory of Mind (ToM) may be influenced by childhood trauma (CT), however the extent to which CT influence ToM ability, and whether OCD patients with CT are more vulnerable to ToM deficits than healthy controls (HC) have never been established. Therefore, this study attempts to understand the effect of CT on ToM ability in OCD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>81 OCD patients and 108 healthy controls were included in this study. ToM deficits were assessed on four dimensions, namely first and second order affective and cognitive ToM. The effect of CT on ToM deficits was assessed using the 2 × 2 Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVAs) and the hierarchical regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Simple effect analysis revealed a positive effect of CT&gt;No CT in OCD and effect of OCD&gt;HC in CT for both affective and cognitive second-order ToM deficits. Within the OCD group, emotional abuse was found to have an effect on affective ToM deficits (<em>p</em> = .028) and sexual abuse on cognitive ToM deficits (<em>p</em> = .040).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Only OCD patients with CT showed deficits on second order cognitive and affective ToM and emotional and sexual abuse were the most influential CT subtypes on second-order ToM deficits in OCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of military psychologists working with service members affected by combat-related psychological trauma","authors":"Kateryna Kravchenko","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the occupational stressors, emotional distress, and psychological fatigue experienced by military psychologists working with service members affected by combat-related trauma. The research identifies key predictors of fatigue and burnout, providing evidence-based recommendations for improving mental health support for military psychologists. A cross-sectional quantitative research design was employed, involving 120 military psychologists deployed in high-conflict zones. Participants were recruited from military hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and veteran support programs. Psychometric tools used included the Professional Resilience Questionnaire, Job Search Behaviors Scale, Negative Affect at Work Scale, Organizational Stressors Scale, Quantitative Workload Scale, and Fatigue Assessment Scale. Data collection occurred in two phases: initial assessments post-deployment and a six-month follow-up. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression models. The findings reveal that organizational stressors (β = 0.37, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and negative affect at work (β = 0.29, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) are the strongest predictors of fatigue among military psychologists. Contrary to expectations, professional resilience did not significantly buffer against fatigue (β = -0.12, <em>p</em> = 0.07), suggesting that resilience alone is insufficient in preventing occupational burnout. Job search behaviors and workload intensity had no significant impact on fatigue levels, implying that psychological stressors, rather than workload per se, drive exhaustion. The study underscores the need for institutional reforms, including leadership engagement, administrative burden reduction, and structured resilience training. Additionally, the impact of moral and ethical concerns on military psychologists’ emotional distress necessitates further research on moral injury and ethical dilemmas in military mental health care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychology of stress and adaptation during complex crises: Practical aspects of assisting people in difficult circumstances","authors":"Oksana Oliinyk ,&nbsp;Dilzatbek Zholdoshbaev ,&nbsp;Saltanat Koshonova ,&nbsp;Yuriy Kravtsov ,&nbsp;Vitalii Bocheliuk","doi":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejtd.2025.100541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The difficult living conditions caused by the hostilities have a significant impact on the destruction of people’s mental health. The research relevance is determined by the aforementioned impact and the necessity for a scientific basis for designing effective assistance programmes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aims to address the impact of military operations on the mental health of the civilian population in Ukraine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To achieve this goal, theoretical research methods (analysis and synthesis, classification, generalisation) and empirical research methods (surveys, statistical analysis of data) were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The main results of the study: Many civilians in Ukraine are facing complex crises due to the hostilities and need assistance. Individual resilience to stress is determined by their characteristics and how these characteristics can interact with the factors of influence (four levels: individual, family, community, and societal levels). The impact of hostilities on the mental health of civilians is significant and negative. People who have been exposed to war or its aftermath experience high levels of stress symptoms, leading to post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety and other mental health problems. The level of mental health problems is higher among people who have experienced more traumatic events, such as loss of loved ones, violence, and loss of home. There are several key areas in which practical assistance can be provided, including psychosocial support, which can be provided through information support, emotional support, psychological counselling, trauma therapy, and medication.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The practical significance of the study is determined by the contribution to understanding the impact of war on people’s mental health. The results of the study can be used to improve the lives of people affected by the war. Namely, to develop and implement effective assistance programmes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29932,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}