Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Fluoroquinolone-induced Glycaemic Aberrations: Could Quinolones be Repurposed to Serve as New Antidiabetic Agents?","authors":"Omobonlale Ayodele,&nbsp;Setshaba Khanye,&nbsp;Mamosheledi Mothibe,&nbsp;Ntethelelo Sibiya","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220218101050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220218101050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nalidixic acid is a synthetic antibiotic discovered in the 1960s during the synthesis of chloroquine, an effective drug for treating malaria. Nalidixic acid became the backbone for developing quinolones that are now widely used clinically for the treatment of various bacterial infections. The mechanism of action of quinolone involves the inhibition of topoisomerase II and topoisomerase IV. In attempts to improve the potency of fluoroquinolones, modifications were made; these modifications resulted in the emergence of newer generations of fluoroquinolones. Also, due to these modifications, several side effects were noted, including blood glucose control aberrations. Among fluoroquinolones that disrupt glucose homeostasis is gatifloxacin, which is in the third-generation category. Fluoroquinolones have been demonstrated to induce glycaemic aberrations by enhancing pancreatic cells' insulin secretion and interaction with antidiabetic agents via inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Considering their ability to induce hypoglycaemia, few studies have reported repurposing of quinolones as antidiabetic agents. Hyperglycaemia has also been reported to often precede hypoglycaemia. Due to the ability to decrease blood glucose, it is not surprising that some authors have reported novel quinolone derivates with antidiabetic properties in experimental studies. However, there is still a paucity of data regarding the effect of quinolones derivatives on glycaemic control. Understanding how fluoroquinolones lower blood glucose concentration could serve as the basis for developing novel quinolone derivatives with the sole purpose of lowering blood glucose concentrations. Although there are various conventional anti-hyperglycaemic agents, due to their associated shortfalls as well as an increase in the prevalence of diabetes, the discovery and development of new antidiabetics are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 1","pages":"12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9221937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Anemia among Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated with Imatinib: A Evidence-based Meta-analysis.","authors":"Avinash Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Anoop Kumar,&nbsp;Narendra Agrawal,&nbsp;Dinesh Bhurani,&nbsp;Rayaz Ahmed,&nbsp;Manju Sharma","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220315144253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220315144253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Imatinib is one of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. The exact association of imatinib with anemia in CML patients is still unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The current study aimed to find the prevalence of anemia in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Google scholar, and Clinical trials registries till 31st July, 2021. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The prevalence rate with 95% CI was calculated using StatsDirect Statistical analysis software V.3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 18 studies containing 3537 patients were found relevant for the analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia in CML was found to be 34% (95% CI: 23%-46%). However, the heterogeneity among studies was found to be high.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The monitoring of hemoglobin levels and identifying the cause of anemia are major concerns for the CML patients treated with Imatinib.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 2","pages":"148-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9161396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Cytokines in Chemotherapy-related Cognitive Impairment of Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Kanika Tyagi,&nbsp;Md Masoom,&nbsp;Haya Majid,&nbsp;Aakriti Garg,&nbsp;Dinesh Bhurani,&nbsp;Nidhi B Agarwal,&nbsp;Mohd Ashif Khan","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220304212456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220304212456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive impairment is one of the most common problems experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy, and evidence suggests that cytokines might play an important role. Various studies were conducted to evaluate the role of cytokines in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). However, the association between CRCI due to cytokines is not well-established. Thus, this systematic review aims to assess the role of cytokines in CRCI in breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. An intense literature search was carried out for inclusion criteria in major databases, including PubMed and Clinicaltrials.gov, in August 2021. Studies assessing cognitive parameters through objective and subjective assessment in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4052 studies were identified, and 15 studies were included in this systematic review. We found that IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were associated with varying degrees of cognitive impairment in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review showed a correlation between various cytokines and chemotherapy- associated cognitive decline in breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 2","pages":"110-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9253607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Psychedelics in Clinical Practice: Comparing Therapeutic Uses and Potential Harms.","authors":"Rabeet Tariq","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220321142707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220321142707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychedelics might be the oldest psychoactive agents known to be used for inducing religious or mystical experiences. Their strong psychoactive effect was discovered accidentally in 1943 after the synthesis of Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in 1937. These drugs became a mainstream area of research following the synthesis of LSD; however, several political and social factors led to their ban in 1966, after which research on psychedelics remained limited. These drugs became a major topic of scientific and ethical debate in the 1990's and the recent times have seen a 'Psychedelic renaissance' where the therapeutic value of psychedelics is being reconsidered. This article reports the historical perspective of psychedelics, pharmacologic action by 5-HT_2A receptor agonism, and psychological effects and compares the proposed therapeutic uses, including uses in depression, PTSD, anxiety- related disorders, drug and alcohol addiction, neurodegenerative diseases, and auto-immune diseases to potential harms including the development of tolerance, hallucinogen persisting perception disorder, and potential psychosis. An analysis of history, pharmacology, and comparison of benefits and harms lead to the conclusion that the potential therapeutic benefits significantly outweigh the potential harms; thus, further research and clinical trials need to be conducted across different countries and cultures for their legal approval in clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 2","pages":"94-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9608480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of GR Isoforms and Hsp90-binding Immunophilins in the Modulation of Glucocorticoid Biological Responses.","authors":"Sol M Ciucci,&nbsp;Gisela I Mazaira,&nbsp;Mario D Galigniana","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220428135138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220428135138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucocorticoid steroids play cardinal roles during the life span of an individual, modulating almost all aspects of the physiology, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids, as well as the immune response, neurological biology, stress adaptation, apoptosis, cell division, cell fate, inflammatory responses, etc. Glucocorticoids exert their biological effects by activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a bona fide ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. The GR is expressed in virtually all cells of the human body showing isoformic versions and also transcription variants. GR forms oligomeric heterocomplexes that include the 90-kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp90) as an essential hub of the chaperone oligomer. The nature of chaperones associated with this heterocomplex is responsible for the modulation of the subcellular localization of the GR and its biological actions in a given tissue or cell type. In this sense, the discovery that immunophilins containing tetratricopeptide repeats (TPR) domains are responsible for the GR cytoplasmic transport mechanism and the nuclear retention half-time of the receptor opened new trends in our understanding of its complex mechanism of action. Because the properties of GR ligands influence these protein-protein interactions, specific steroid•receptor complexes may confer the GR different features providing new therapeutic opportunities to manage the disease. In this article, we analyze multiple aspects of the GR mechanism of action, some properties of the GR isoforms, and the latest findings revealing the roles of Hsp90-binding immunophilins to manage the glucocorticoid biological response.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 3","pages":"242-254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9170850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein Modulators in Children and Adolescents with Different CF Genotypes - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Alaa Hassan Yousif Hamdan, Faiza Zakaria, Maria Kezia Lourdes Pormento, Odunayo Susan Lawal, Adaugo Opiegbe, Samina Zahid, Prathima Guntipalli, Ujala Nasr, Syed Asad Hasan Rizvi","doi":"10.2174/2772432818666230201094115","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2772432818666230201094115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the efficacy of the first triple CFTR protein modulators in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, following PRISMA guidelines. The following databases were searched extensively: PubMed/Medline, Clinical trials.gov, Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase, and Europe PMC using the keywords: \"Ivacaftor\", \"Elexacaftor\", \"Tezacaftor\", VX_661\", VX_770\", \"VX_445\", \"cystic fibrosis\". A total of ten randomized clinical trials were included in our analysis. Primary outcomes included: Absolute change in predicted FEV1 from baseline, Absolute change in sweat chloride test from baseline, Absolute change in BMI from baseline, Absolute change in CF-QR from baseline, and Adverse Events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among primary findings, significant absolute change in predictive FEV1 from baseline through 4 weeks favoured the triple CFTR protein modulators. (MD = 11.80, 95% CI = 8.47_15.12, p value = <0.00001); as well as CF_QR score (MD = 0.00, 95% CI = -2.50_2.50, p value= 1.00), and BMI kg/m² change (MD = 16.90, 95% CI = 12.73_21.06, p value= <0.00001). No significant change was noted for CFTR channels activity in the treatment group when compared to placebo or VX_770/VX_661 (MD = -12.57, 95% CI = -94.46_69.32, p value= 0.76).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In children aged ≥ 6 y old and adolescents with F508del_CFTR mutation, Elexacaftor- Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor tend to be more effective than first-generation therapy, demonstrating promising results by exhibiting significant improvement in lung function, body weight, and respiratory-related quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"93-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10647355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials on the Efficacy and Safety of Pitavastatin.","authors":"Adel Sadeq,&nbsp;Asim Ahmed Elnour,&nbsp;Hamad Farah Farah,&nbsp;Azza Ramadan,&nbsp;Mohamed A Baraka,&nbsp;Judit Don,&nbsp;Abdulla Al Amoodi,&nbsp;Kishore Gnana Sam,&nbsp;Nadia Al Mazrouei,&nbsp;Maisoun Alkaabi","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220531115314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220531115314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A subpopulation of statin users such as subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD), Human Immune virus (HIV), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), revascularization, metabolic syndrome, and/or diabetes may particularly benefit from pitavastatin pharmacotherapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The current systematic review aimed systematically to evaluate the effect of pitavastatin on primary cardiac events in subjects receiving pitavastatin in comparison to the other four statin members.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review on phases III and IV of randomized controlled trials (RCT-s, 11 trials) for subjects with primary cardiac events who received pitavastatin. Subjects diagnosed with any type of dyslipidemia (population 4804) and received pitavastatin (interventions) versus comparator (comparison) with the primary efficacy endpoint of minimization of LDL-C and non- HDL-C, had an increase in HDL-C and/or reduction in major adverse cardiac events (MACE, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (fatal/nonfatal), and stroke (fatal/nonfatal) and/or their composite (outcomes). The secondary safety endpoint was the development of any adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the included trials (11), participants (4804) were randomized for pitavastatin or its comparators such as atorvastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin and followed up for 12 to 52 weeks. In terms of the primary outcome (reduction in LDL-C), pitavastatin 4 mg was superior to pravastatin 40 mg in three trials, while the 2 mg pitavastatin was comparable to atorvastatin 10 mg in four trials and simvastatin 20 and 40 mg in two 2 trials. However, rosuvastatin 2.5 mg was superior to pitavastatin 2 mg in two trials. Pitavastatin increased HDL-C and reduced non-HDL-C in eleven trials. Regarding the safety profile, pitavastatin has proved to be tolerated and safe.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The FDA-approved indications for pitavastatin included primary dyslipidemia and mixed dyslipidemia as a supplementary therapy to dietary changes to lower total cholesterol, LDL-C, apolipoprotein B (Apo B), triglycerides (TG), and enhance HDL-C. Pitavastatin might be suitable for subjects with diabetes, ACS (reduced revascularization), metabolic syndrome, CKD, HIV, and subjects with low levels of HDL-C. We highly recommend rational individualization for the selection of statin.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 2","pages":"120-147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9177310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized Clinical Trials on the Efficacy and Safety of Tocilizumab in Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Adel Sadeq,&nbsp;Asim Ahmed Elnour,&nbsp;Azza Ramadan,&nbsp;Israa Yousif El Khidir,&nbsp;Judit Don,&nbsp;Abdulla Al Amoodi,&nbsp;Nadia Al Mazrouei,&nbsp;Mohamed A Baraka,&nbsp;Farah Hamad Farah,&nbsp;Maisoun Alkaabi","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220202115623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220202115623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is confronted with many challenges such as inadequate response, infection, and treatment failure.</p><p><strong>Aim and objective: </strong>The main objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab (TCZ) in subjects with RA using the available evidence from published randomized controlled trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current systematic review was performed on nine randomized controlled trials from 2002 to 2016 for TCZ in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. The primary outcomes were the clinical improvement in American College Rheumatology 20% (ACR20) or Disease Activity Score remission (DAS28), in addition to other outcomes such as ACR50 and ACR70 in the intention-to-treat population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We have conducted a systematic review on nine randomized controlled trials, with 4129 [100%] enrolled, of which 3248 [78.7%] were on the intention-to-treat. 2147 (66.1%) were treated with TCZ and 1101 (33.9%) have had received placebo or methotrexate or other conventional Disease- Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs (cDMARD) or biologic Disease-Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs (bDMARDs). In subjects taking TCZ with or without concomitant methotrexate, compared to placebo, subjects treated with TCZ 4 or 8 mg/kg were substantially and statistically significantly more likely than placebo or methotrexate to achieve the ACR20 and/or DAS28. There were no statistically significant differences in serious adverse events such as serious infection; however, subjects on TCZ were more likely to have increased lipid profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TCZ mono-therapy or in combination with methotrexate is valuable in diminishing rheumatoid arthritis disease activity and improving disability. Treatment with TCZ was associated with a significant surge in cholesterol levels but no serious adverse effects. Randomized clinical trials with safety as the primary outcome are warranted to report these safety issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 1","pages":"64-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9166442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Neuroreceptors for Clinical and Experimental Neuropharmacology in Central Nervous System Disorders.","authors":"Susan C McKarns","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220301104118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220301104118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neurobiology drug discovery landscape has transformed over the past decade or so by the discovery of allosteric modulators of receptor superfamilies. A wide range of physiological reactions can occur in response to a limited number of neurotransmitters. This review provides an update on physiological features of the receptors and the signaling pathways that are generated in response to neuroreceptor activation that allow the explanation of this vast array of neurotransmitter responses. Primarily based upon structure, receptors in the nervous system can be classified into four groups: Gprotein coupled receptors, ligand-gated receptors, enzyme-linked receptors, and nuclear receptors. With a particular emphasis on the central nervous system, i.e., brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves, we identify the neuroreceptors, their endogenous agonists, antagonists, sites of expression within the nervous system, current neuropharmacological clinical use, and potential for new drug discovery. New molecular approaches and advances in our knowledge of neuronal communication in processes involved in development, functioning and disorders of the nervous system combined with opportunities to re-purpose existing drugs for new indications continue to highlight the exciting opportunities to improve human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 3","pages":"192-241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9176787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton Pump Inhibitors' Use and Risk of Iron Deficiency Anaemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Daud Ali","doi":"10.2174/2772432817666220307121220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2772432817666220307121220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Various research was conducted during the last decade, with inconsistent findings regarding iron death anaemia (IDA) perils vis-à-vis utilization of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs). Consequently, recent systematic review and meta-analysis were implemented to evaluate IDA-related perils concerning the utilization of proton-pump inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The databases of EBSCOhost, PubMed® and Cochrane Central were searched from the research outset until February 28, 2021 purposely to identify all research with objectives that align with the present research investigation. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was utilized for the evaluation of the research investigation standard. The prime (1º) goal of the research was to gauge IDA peril among users of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI). For data processing, RevMan (Review Manager) version 5.4 was employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, fourteen investigations research was employed in this systematic review and metaanalysis. The combined relative risk of nine research exhibited a numerically consequential interrelation betwixt the utilization of proton-pump inhibitors and IDA peril (RR 2.56 [95% CI 1.43-4.61], p < 0.00001). Contemporary systematic review and meta-analysis examination posit that proton-pump inhibitor consumers are prone to greater peril of coming down with IDA in comparison to non-PPI users.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In keeping with the findings of my research, prescriber physicians should exercise caution when prescribing PPIs to individuals taking it for a long time to avoid the peril of IDA. Additionally, their serum iron level should be checked to ensure that proton-pump inhibitors are safe.</p>","PeriodicalId":29871,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology","volume":"18 2","pages":"158-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9246738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}